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Sun HT, Fan XR, Gu YZ, Lu YH, Qiu JL, Yang QL, Li JH, Gu J, Hao C. WeChat-based HIV E-report, A New Manner for HIV Serostatus Request and Disclosure and Their Associated Factors Among Men Who Have Sex with Men: Prospective Subgroup Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trails (Preprint). JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2022; 11:e44513. [PMID: 37155223 DOI: 10.2196/44513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Requesting and disclosing HIV serostatus is associated with a reduction in HIV transmission among men who have sex with men (MSM). However, the reliability of common methods for HIV serostatus requests and disclosure is unsatisfactory. Validated approaches for requesting and disclosing HIV serostatus are necessary. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate the use of the HIV e-report as authentic evidence of HIV serostatus among the MSM community in Guangzhou, China. Additionally, the study aimed to explore its correlates with HIV serostatus requesting and disclosure receiving behavior. METHODS This study is a subgroup analysis of a cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT) that enrolled 357 participants during the first year. Participants in this RCT were recruited from the WeChat-based HIV testing service miniprogram developed by Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China. Participants completed web-based questionnaires at baseline and at the month 3 follow-up, which covered sociodemographic characteristics, HIV-related information, HIV serostatus requests, HIV serostatus disclosure receiving, and HIV e-report usage. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used for data analysis. RESULTS The WeChat-based HIV e-report was available in Guangzhou when the RCT project started. At the month 3 follow-up, 32.2% (115/357) of participants had their own HIV e-reports, and 37.8% (135/357) of them had received others' HIV e-reports. For HIV serostatus requests, 13.1% (27/205) and 10.5% (16/153) of participants started to use HIV e-reports to ask the HIV serostatus of regular and casual male sex partners, respectively. Of the regular and casual male sex partners, 27.3% (42/154) and 16.5% (18/109), respectively, chose HIV e-reports to disclose HIV serostatus. Compared to MSM who did not have HIV e-reports, those who said, "I had had my own HIV e-report(s) but hadn't sent to others" (multivariate odds ratio 2.71, 95% CI 1.19-6.86; P=.02) and "I had had my own HIV e-reports and had sent to others" (multivariate odds ratio 2.67, 95% CI 1.07-7.73; P=.048) were more likely to request HIV serostatus from their partners. Whereas no factor was associated with HIV serostatus disclosure received from partners. CONCLUSIONS The HIV e-report has been accepted by the MSM community in Guangzhou and could be applied as a new optional way for HIV serostatus request and disclosure. This innovative intervention could be effective in promoting infectious disease serostatus disclosure among the related high-risk population. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03984136; https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT03984136. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) RR2-10.1186/s12879-021-06484-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Tong Sun
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Sun Yat‑Sen Global Health Institute, Institute of State Governance, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Ru Fan
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Sun Yat‑Sen Global Health Institute, Institute of State Governance, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Zhou Gu
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong-Heng Lu
- Lingnan Community Support Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Ling Qiu
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Sun Yat‑Sen Global Health Institute, Institute of State Governance, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing-Ling Yang
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Sun Yat‑Sen Global Health Institute, Institute of State Governance, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Hua Li
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Sun Yat‑Sen Global Health Institute, Institute of State Governance, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Gu
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Sun Yat‑Sen Global Health Institute, Institute of State Governance, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chun Hao
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Sun Yat‑Sen Global Health Institute, Institute of State Governance, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Hu QH, Qian HZ, Li JM, Leuba SI, Chu ZX, Turner D, Ding HB, Jiang YJ, Vermund SH, Xu JJ, Shang H. Assisted Partner Notification and Uptake of HIV Testing among Men Who Have Sex with Men: A Randomized Controlled Trial in China. LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-WESTERN PACIFIC 2021; 12:100171. [PMID: 34527967 PMCID: PMC8356101 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2021.100171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Background Assisted partner notification (PN) is an effective approach for increasing HIV testing among heterosexual partners. There is sparse evidence on its effect among sexual partners of men who have sex with men (MSM). Methods A randomized controlled trial was conducted to compare the effect of assisted PN and passive PN interventions on uptake of HIV testing among male and female sexual partners of newly HIV-diagnosed MSM. In the passive PN group, participants were encouraged to disclose their HIV status and refer and persuade sexual partners to access HIV testing services (HTS). In the assisted PN group, participants were further provided with HIV self-testing kits for sexual partners to take a test at home or allow a community health worker from MSM-serving community-based organization (CBO) to anonymously refer and persuade their sexual partners to access HTS. The primary outcome was the proportion of index cases who had any sexual partner accessing HTS within four months after randomization. This trial is registered with chictr.org.cn, ChiCTR1800017813. Findings Between August 2017 and January 2019, 187 MSM newly diagnosed with HIV in a large city Shenyang in northern China were enrolled in the study and randomly assigned to either passive PN (n=90) or assisted PN (n=97) study groups. The proportion of index cases who disclosed their HIV status to any sexual partners within three months of randomization was similar between passive PN (57%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 46-67%) and assisted PN groups (58%, 95% CI: 48-68%). During four months of follow-up, the number of sexual partners named, referred to HTS, tested and testing positive per index case was 3•2, 0•7, 0•2 and 0•03 in the passive PN group, and 4•0, 1•0, 0•5 and 0•10 in the assisted PN group. Thirty-five percent of index cases in the assisted PN group had any sexual partners accessing HIV testing compared to 17% in the passive PN group (P = 0•004); 49% sexual partners who were disclosed by index cases in the assisted PN group had access HTS compared to 28% in the passive PN group (P = 0•007). Interpretation The assisted PN strategy incorporating HIV self-testing and CBO outreach can increase uptake of HIV testing among sexual partners of MSM who were recently diagnosed with HIV. Funding National Science and Technology Major Project of China, National Natural Science Foundation of China, and Project for Overseas Visiting Research of Liaoning Province.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Hai Hu
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology (China Medical University), National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Han-Zhu Qian
- School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jia-Ming Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology (China Medical University), National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sequoia I Leuba
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Zhen-Xing Chu
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology (China Medical University), National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - DeAnne Turner
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS (CIRA), Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Hai-Bo Ding
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology (China Medical University), National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yong-Jun Jiang
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology (China Medical University), National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sten H Vermund
- School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jun-Jie Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology (China Medical University), National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Shang
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology (China Medical University), National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
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Dijkstra M, Mohamed K, Kigoro A, Mumba T, Mahmoud S, Wesonga A, Mukuria N, Oduor T, Gichuru E, Schim van der Loeff MF, Palmer S, Graham SM, van der Elst EM, Sanders EJ. Peer Mobilization and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Partner Notification Services Among Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex With Men and Transgender Women in Coastal Kenya Identified a High Number of Undiagnosed HIV Infections. Open Forum Infect Dis 2021; 8:ofab219. [PMID: 34113688 PMCID: PMC8186249 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofab219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) partner notification services (HPN), peer mobilization with HIV self-testing, and acute and early HIV infection (AEHI) screening among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) and transgender women (TGW) were assessed for acceptability, feasibility, and linkage to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) services. Methods Between April and August 2019, peer mobilizers mobilized clients by offering HIV oral self-tests and immediate clinic referral for clients with AEHI symptoms. Mobilized participants received clinic-based rapid antibody testing and point-of-care HIV RNA testing. Newly diagnosed participants including those derived from HIV testing services were offered immediate ART and HPN. Partners were recruited through HPN. Results Of 772 mobilized clients, 452 (58.5%) enrolled in the study as mobilized participants. Of these, 16 (3.5%) were HIV newly diagnosed, including 2 (0.4%) with AEHI. All but 2 (14/16 [87.5%]) initiated ART. Thirty-five GBMSM and TGW were offered HPN and 27 (77.1%) accepted it. Provider referral identified a higher proportion of partners tested (39/64 [60.9%] vs 5/14 [35.7%]) and partners with HIV (27/39 [69.2%] vs 2/5 [40.0%]) than index referral. Of 44 enrolled partners, 10 (22.7%) were newly diagnosed, including 3 (6.8%) with AEHI. All 10 (100%) initiated ART. PrEP was initiated among 24.0% (103/429) mobilized participants and 28.6% (4/14) partners without HIV. Conclusions HPN, combined with a peer mobilization-led self-testing strategy and AEHI screening for GBMSM and TGW, appears to be acceptable and feasible. These strategies, especially HPN provider referral, effectively identified undiagnosed HIV infections and linked individuals to ART and PrEP services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maartje Dijkstra
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Khamisi Mohamed
- Kenya Medical Research Institute-Wellcome Trust Research Program, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Alex Kigoro
- Kenya Medical Research Institute-Wellcome Trust Research Program, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Teresia Mumba
- Kenya Medical Research Institute-Wellcome Trust Research Program, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Shally Mahmoud
- Kenya Medical Research Institute-Wellcome Trust Research Program, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Abdalla Wesonga
- Kenya Medical Research Institute-Wellcome Trust Research Program, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Nana Mukuria
- Kenya Medical Research Institute-Wellcome Trust Research Program, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Tony Oduor
- Kenya Medical Research Institute-Wellcome Trust Research Program, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Evans Gichuru
- Kenya Medical Research Institute-Wellcome Trust Research Program, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Maarten F Schim van der Loeff
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Shaun Palmer
- Kenya Medical Research Institute-Wellcome Trust Research Program, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Susan M Graham
- Kenya Medical Research Institute-Wellcome Trust Research Program, Kilifi, Kenya.,University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Eduard J Sanders
- Kenya Medical Research Institute-Wellcome Trust Research Program, Kilifi, Kenya.,Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Department of Global Health, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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