1
|
Chawla S, Choudhury S, Das A. Bioengineered MSC GFPCxcr2-Mmp13 Transplantation Alleviates Hepatic Fibrosis by Regulating Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Signaling. Antioxid Redox Signal 2024; 41:110-137. [PMID: 38183635 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2023.0390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Aims: Hepatic fibrosis is the pathological change during chronic liver diseases (CLD) that turns into cirrhosis if not reversed timely. Allogenic mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy is an alternative to liver transplantation for CLD. However, poor engraftment of the transplanted MSCs limits their therapeutic efficacy. MSCs express chemokine receptors that regulate their physiology. We observed several-fold increased expressions of Cxcl3 and decreased expression of Mmp13 in the fibrotic liver. Therefore, we bioengineered MSCs with stable overexpression of Cxcr2 (CXCL3-cognate receptor) and Mmp13, collagenase (MSCGFPCxcr2-Mmp13). Results: The CXCL3/CXCR2 axis significantly increased migration through the activation of AKT/ERK/mTOR signaling. These bioengineered MSCs transdifferentiated into hepatocyte-like cells (MSCGFPCxcr2-Mmp13-HLCs) that endured the drug-/hepatotoxicant-induced toxicity by significantly increasing the antioxidants-Nrf2 and Sod2, while decreasing the apoptosis-Cyt C, Casp3, Casp9, and drug-metabolizing enzyme-Cyp1A1, Cyp1A2, Cyp2E1 markers. Therapeutic transplantation of MSCGFPCxcr2-Mmp13 abrogated AAP-/CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis in mice by CXCR2-mediated targeted engraftment and MMP-13-mediated reduction in collagen. Mechanistically, induction of CXCL3/CXCR2 axis-activated mTOR-p70S6K signaling led to increased targeted engraftment and modulation of the oxidative stress by increasing the expression and activity of nuclear Nrf2 and SOD2 expression in the regenerated hepatic tissues. A marked change in the fate of transplanted MSCGFPCxcr2-Mmp13 toward hepatocyte lineage demonstrated by co-immunostaining of GFP/HNF4α along with reduced COL1α1 facilitated the regeneration of the fibrotic liver. Innovation and Conclusions: Our study suggests the therapeutic role of allogenic Cxcr2/Mmp13-bioengineered MSC transplantation decreases the hepatic oxidative stress as an effective translational therapy for hepatic fibrosis mitigation-mediated liver regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Chawla
- Department of Applied Biology, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Subholakshmi Choudhury
- Department of Applied Biology, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Amitava Das
- Department of Applied Biology, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Boran T, Zengin OS, Seker Z, Akyildiz AG, Kara M, Oztas E, Özhan G. An evaluation of a hepatotoxicity risk induced by the microplastic polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) using HepG2/THP-1 co-culture model. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:28890-28904. [PMID: 38564126 PMCID: PMC11058773 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33086-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Inappropriate disposal of plastic wastes and their durability in nature cause uncontrolled accumulation of plastic in land/marine ecosystems, also causing destructive effects by bioaccumulating along the food chain. Microplastics may cause chronic inflammation in relation to their permanent structures, especially through oxidative stress and cytotoxic cellular damage, which could increase the risk of cancer development. The accumulation of microplastics in the liver is a major concern, and therefore, the identification of the mechanisms of their hepatotoxic effects is of great importance. Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is a widely used thermoplastic. It has been determined that PMMA disrupts lipid metabolism in the liver in various aquatic organisms and causes reproductive and developmental toxicity. PMMA-induced hepatotoxic effects in humans have not yet been clarified. In our study, the toxic effects of PMMA (in the range of 3-10 μm) on the human liver were investigated using the HepG2/THP-1 macrophage co-culture model, which is a sensitive immune-mediated liver injury model. Cellular uptake of micro-sized PMMA in the cells was done by transmission electron microscopy. Determination of its effects on cell viability and inflammatory response, oxidative stress, along with gene and protein expression levels that play a role in the mechanism pathways underlying the effects were investigated. The results concluded that inflammation, oxidative stress, and disruptions in lipid metabolism should be the focus of attention as important underlying causes of PMMA-induced hepatotoxicity. Our study, which points out the potential adverse effects of microplastics on human health, supports the literature information on the subject.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tugce Boran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozge Sultan Zengin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Institute of Graduate Studies in Health Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zehra Seker
- Institute of Graduate Studies in Health Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aysenur Gunaydin Akyildiz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehtap Kara
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Oztas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gül Özhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Geesala R, Zhang K, Lin YM, Johnson JC, Cong Y, Cohn S, Shi XZ. Exclusive Enteral Nutrition Alleviates Th17-Mediated Inflammation via Eliminating Mechanical Stress-Induced Th17-Polarizing Cytokines in Crohn's-like Colitis. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2024; 30:429-440. [PMID: 37536273 PMCID: PMC10906353 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izad158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) with a liquid diet is the only established dietary treatment for Crohn's' disease (CD). However, the mechanism of action of EEN in CD is unclear. T helper 17 (Th17) immune response plays a critical role in CD. We hypothesized that EEN alleviates Th17 response by eliminating mechanical stress-induced expression of Th17-polarizing cytokines. METHODS A rat model of Crohn's-like colitis was established by intracolonic instillation of TNBS (65 mg/kg in 250 µL of 40% ethanol). Control rats were treated with saline. We characterized immunophenotypes and molecular changes of the colon in control and colitis rats with and without EEN treatment. Th17 differentiation was determined using coculture assays. RESULTS TNBS instillation induced transmural inflammation with stenosis in the inflammation site and a marked increase of Th17-polarizing cytokines interleukin (IL)-6 and osteopontin and the Th17 cell population in the mechanically distended preinflammation site (P-site). EEN treatment eliminated mechanical distention and the increase of IL-6, osteopontin, and Th17 response in the P-site. IL-6 and osteopontin expression was found mainly in the muscularis externa. Mechanical stretch of colonic smooth muscle cells in vitro induced a robust increase of IL-6 and osteopontin. When naïve T cells were cultured with conditioned media from the P-site tissue or stretched cells, Th17 differentiation was significantly increased. Inhibition of IL-6, but not deletion of osteopontin, blocked the increase of Th17 differentiation. CONCLUSIONS Mechanical stress induces Th17-polarizing cytokines in the colon. EEN attenuates Th17 immune response by eliminating mechanical stress-induced IL-6 in Crohn's-like colitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramasatyaveni Geesala
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - You-Min Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - John C Johnson
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Yingzi Cong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Steven Cohn
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Xuan-Zheng Shi
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mekala S, Sukumar G, Chawla S, Geesala R, Prashanth J, Reddy BJM, Mainkar P, Das A. Therapeutic Potential of Benzimidazoisoquinoline Derivatives in Alleviating Murine Hepatic Fibrosis. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301429. [PMID: 38221801 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Short Title: Benzimidazoisoquinoline derivatives as potent antifibrotics Hepatic fibrosis is a pathological condition of liver disease with an increasing number of cases worldwide. Therapeutic strategies are warranted to target the activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), the collagen-producing cells, an effective strategy for controlling the disease progression. Benzimidazoisoquinoline derivatives were synthesized as hybrid molecules by the combination of benzimidazoles and isoquinolines to evaluate their anti-fibrotic potential using an in-vitro and in-vivo model of hepatic fibrosis. A small library of benzimidazoisoquinoline derivatives (1-17 and 18-21) was synthesized from 2-aryl benzimidazole and acetylene functionalities through C-H and N-H activation. Compounds (10 and its recently synthesized derivatives 18-21) depicted a significant decrease in PDGF-BB and/or TGFβ-induced proliferation (1.7-1.9 -fold), migration (3.5-5.0 -fold), and fibrosis-related gene expressions in HSCs. These compounds could revert the hepatic damage caused by chronic exposure to hepatotoxicants, ethanol, and/or carbon tetrachloride as evident from the histological, biochemical, and molecular analysis. Anti-fibrotic effect of the compounds was supported by the decrease in the malondialdehyde level, collagen deposition, and gene expression levels of fibrosis-related markers such as α-SMA, COL1α1, PDGFRβ, and TGFRIIβ in the preclinical models of hepatic fibrosis. In conclusion, the synthesized benzimidazoisoquinoline derivatives (compounds 18, 19, 20, and 21) possess anti-fibrotic therapeutic potential against liver fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sowmya Mekala
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, TS-500 007, INDIA
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, INDIA
| | - Genji Sukumar
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, TS-500007, INDIA
- Department of Chemistry, Adikavi Nannaya University, Rajamahendravaram, AP-533 296, INDIA
| | - Shilpa Chawla
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, TS-500 007, INDIA
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, INDIA
| | - Ramasatyaveni Geesala
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, TS-500 007, INDIA
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, INDIA
| | - Jupally Prashanth
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, INDIA
- Centre for X-ray Crystallography, Department of Analytical & Structural Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, TS-500 007, INDIA
| | - B Jagan Mohan Reddy
- Department of Chemistry, Adikavi Nannaya University, Rajamahendravaram, AP-533 296, INDIA
| | - Prathama Mainkar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, INDIA
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, TS-500007, INDIA
| | - Amitava Das
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, TS-500 007, INDIA
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, INDIA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang H, Hao J, Hong H, Gu W, Li Z, Sun J, Zhan H, Wei X, Zhou L. Redox signaling regulates the skeletal tissue development and regeneration. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2023:1-24. [PMID: 37043672 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2023.2199244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal tissue development and regeneration in mammals are intricate, multistep, and highly regulated processes. Various signaling pathways have been implicated in the regulation of these processes, including redox. Redox signaling is the signal transduction by electron transfer reactions involving free radicals or related species. Redox homeostasis is essential to cell metabolic states, as the ROS not only regulates cell biological processes but also mediates physiological processes. Following a bone fracture, redox signaling is also triggered to regulate bone healing and regeneration by targeting resident stromal cells, osteoblasts, osteoclasts and endothelial cells. This review will focus on how the redox signaling impact the bone development and bone regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, East China, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Hao
- Department of Orthopedics, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, East China, Shanghai, China
| | - HaiPing Hong
- FangTa Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Songjiang Branch, Shanghai, East China, China
| | - Wei Gu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, East China, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Jun Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, East China, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongsheng Zhan
- Department of Orthopedics, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, East China, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoen Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, East China, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, East China, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Xiong Y, Mi BB, Lin Z, Hu YQ, Yu L, Zha KK, Panayi AC, Yu T, Chen L, Liu ZP, Patel A, Feng Q, Zhou SH, Liu GH. The role of the immune microenvironment in bone, cartilage, and soft tissue regeneration: from mechanism to therapeutic opportunity. Mil Med Res 2022; 9:65. [PMID: 36401295 PMCID: PMC9675067 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-022-00426-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone, cartilage, and soft tissue regeneration is a complex spatiotemporal process recruiting a variety of cell types, whose activity and interplay must be precisely mediated for effective healing post-injury. Although extensive strides have been made in the understanding of the immune microenvironment processes governing bone, cartilage, and soft tissue regeneration, effective clinical translation of these mechanisms remains a challenge. Regulation of the immune microenvironment is increasingly becoming a favorable target for bone, cartilage, and soft tissue regeneration; therefore, an in-depth understanding of the communication between immune cells and functional tissue cells would be valuable. Herein, we review the regulatory role of the immune microenvironment in the promotion and maintenance of stem cell states in the context of bone, cartilage, and soft tissue repair and regeneration. We discuss the roles of various immune cell subsets in bone, cartilage, and soft tissue repair and regeneration processes and introduce novel strategies, for example, biomaterial-targeting of immune cell activity, aimed at regulating healing. Understanding the mechanisms of the crosstalk between the immune microenvironment and regeneration pathways may shed light on new therapeutic opportunities for enhancing bone, cartilage, and soft tissue regeneration through regulation of the immune microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xiong
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Bo-Bin Mi
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ze Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yi-Qiang Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Le Yu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA
| | - Kang-Kang Zha
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology,Ministry of Education College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Adriana C Panayi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02152, USA
| | - Tao Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Lang Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Department of Physics, Center for Hybrid Nanostructure (CHyN), University of Hamburg, Hamburg, 22761, Germany
| | - Zhen-Ping Liu
- Department of Physics, Center for Hybrid Nanostructure (CHyN), University of Hamburg, Hamburg, 22761, Germany.,Joint Laboratory of Optofluidic Technology and System,National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Anish Patel
- Skeletal Biology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02120, USA
| | - Qian Feng
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology,Ministry of Education College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400044, China.
| | - Shuan-Hu Zhou
- Skeletal Biology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02120, USA. .,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
| | - Guo-Hui Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China. .,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Normal and Pathological NRF2 Signalling in the Central Nervous System. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081426. [PMID: 35892629 PMCID: PMC9394413 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) was originally described as a master regulator of antioxidant cellular response, but in the time since, numerous important biological functions linked to cell survival, cellular detoxification, metabolism, autophagy, proteostasis, inflammation, immunity, and differentiation have been attributed to this pleiotropic transcription factor that regulates hundreds of genes. After 40 years of in-depth research and key discoveries, NRF2 is now at the center of a vast regulatory network, revealing NRF2 signalling as increasingly complex. It is widely recognized that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a key role in human physiological and pathological processes such as ageing, obesity, diabetes, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. The high oxygen consumption associated with high levels of free iron and oxidizable unsaturated lipids make the brain particularly vulnerable to oxidative stress. A good stability of NRF2 activity is thus crucial to maintain the redox balance and therefore brain homeostasis. In this review, we have gathered recent data about the contribution of the NRF2 pathway in the healthy brain as well as during metabolic diseases, cancer, ageing, and ageing-related neurodegenerative diseases. We also discuss promising therapeutic strategies and the need for better understanding of cell-type-specific functions of NRF2 in these different fields.
Collapse
|
8
|
Singh D, Deshmukh RK, Das A. SNAI1-mediated transcriptional regulation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition genes in breast cancer stem cells. Cell Signal 2021; 87:110151. [PMID: 34537302 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) tumors are composed of a heterogeneous population containing both cancer cells and cancer stem cells (CSCs). These CSCs are generated through an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), thus making it pertinent to identify the unique EMT-molecular targets that regulate this phenomenon. METHODS AND RESULTS In the present study, we performed in silico analysis of microarray data from luminal, Her2+, and TNBC cell lines and identified 15 relatively unexplored EMT-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) along with the markedly high expression of EMT-transcription factor (EMT-TF), SNAI1. Interestingly, stable overexpression of SNAI1 in MCF-7 induced the expression of DEGs along with increased migration, invasion, and in vitro tumorigenesis that was comparable to TNBCs. Next, stable SNAI1 overexpression led to increased expression of DEGs that was reverted with SNAI1 silencing in both breast cancer cells and CSCs sorted from various TNBC cell lines. Higher fold enrichment of SNAI1 on E-boxes in the promoter regions suggested a positive regulation of ALCAM, MMP2, MMP13, MMP14, VCAN, ANKRD1, KRT16, CTGF, TGFRIIβ, PROCR negative regulation of CDH1, DSP and DSC3B by SNAI1 leading to EMT. Furthermore, SNAI1-mediated increased migration, invasion, and tumorigenesis in these sorted cells led to the activation of signaling mediators, ERK1/2, STAT3, Src, and FAK. Finally, the SNAI1-mediated activation of breast CSC phenotypes was perturbed by inhibition of downstream target, MMPs using Ilomastat. CONCLUSION Thus, the molecular investigation for the gene regulatory framework in the present study identified MMPs, a downstream effector in the SNAI1-mediated EMT regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Digvijay Singh
- Department of Applied Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500 007, TS, India; Academy of Science and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, UP 201 002, India
| | - Rohit K Deshmukh
- Department of Applied Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500 007, TS, India
| | - Amitava Das
- Department of Applied Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500 007, TS, India; Academy of Science and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, UP 201 002, India.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Manupati K, Yeeravalli R, Kaushik K, Singh D, Mehra B, Gangane N, Gupta A, Goswami K, Das A. Activation of CD44-Lipoprotein lipase axis in breast cancer stem cells promotes tumorigenesis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2021; 1867:166228. [PMID: 34311079 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2021.166228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer stem cells (CSCs) are distinct CD44+-subpopulations that are involved in metastasis and chemoresistance. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of CD44 in breast CSCs-mediated tumorigenesis remains elusive. We observed high CD44 expression in advanced-stage clinical breast tumor samples. CD44 activation in breast CSCs sorted from various triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines induced proliferation, migration, invasion, mammosphere formation that were reversed in presence of inhibitor, 4-methyl umbelliferone or CD44 silencing. CD44 activation in breast CSCs induced Src, Akt, and nuclear translocation of pSTAT3. PCR arrays revealed differential expression of a metabolic gene, Lipoprotein lipase (LPL), and transcription factor, SNAI3. Differential transcriptional regulation of LPL by pSTAT3 and SNAI3 was confirmed by promoter-reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis. Orthotopic xenograft murine breast tumor model revealed high tumorigenicity of CD24-/CD44+-breast CSCs as compared with CD24+-breast cancer cells. Furthermore, stable breast CSCs-CD44 shRNA and/or intratumoral administration of Tetrahydrolipstatin (LPL inhibitor) abrogated tumor progression and neoangiogenesis. Thus, LPL serves as a potential target for an efficacious therapeutics against aggressive breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kanakaraju Manupati
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, TS 500 007, India; Academy of Science and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, UP 201 002, India
| | - Ragini Yeeravalli
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, TS 500 007, India; Academy of Science and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, UP 201 002, India
| | - Komal Kaushik
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, TS 500 007, India; Academy of Science and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, UP 201 002, India
| | - Digvijay Singh
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, TS 500 007, India; Academy of Science and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, UP 201 002, India
| | - Bhupendra Mehra
- Department of Surgery, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sewagram, Wardha, Maharashtra 442 102, India
| | - Nitin Gangane
- Department of Pathology, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sewagram, Wardha, Maharashtra 442 102, India
| | - Anupama Gupta
- Department of Pathology, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sewagram, Wardha, Maharashtra 442 102, India
| | - Kalyan Goswami
- Department of Biochemistry, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sewagram, Wardha, Maharashtra 442 102, India
| | - Amitava Das
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, TS 500 007, India; Academy of Science and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, UP 201 002, India.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Jin MH, Yu NN, Jin YH, Mao YY, Feng L, Liu Y, Wang AG, Sun HN, Kwon T, Han YH. Peroxiredoxin II with dermal mesenchymal stem cells accelerates wound healing. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:13926-13940. [PMID: 34030134 PMCID: PMC8202850 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Peroxiredoxin II (Prx II) is involved in proliferation, differentiation, and aging in various cell types. However, Prx II-mediated stem cell regulation is poorly understood. Here, dermal mesenchymal stem cells (DMSCs), cell-growth factor-rich conditioned medium from DMSCs (DMSC-CM), and DMSC-derived exosomes (DMSC-Exos) were used to explore the regulatory role of Prx II in DMSC wound healing. Following treatment, wound healing was significantly decelerated in Prx II-/- DMSCs than in Prx II+/+ DMSCs. In vitro stimulation with 10 μM H2O2 significantly increased apoptosis in Prx II-/- DMSCs compared with Prx II+/+ DMSCs. The mRNA expression levels of EGF, b-FGF, PDGF-B, and VEGF did not significantly differ between Prx II-/- and Prx II+/+ DMSCs. Fibroblasts proliferated comparably when treated with Prx II+/+ DMSC-CM or Prx II-/- DMSC-CM. Wound healing was significantly higher in the Prx II-/- DMSC-Exos-treated group than in the Prx II+/+ DMSCs-Exos-treated group. Moreover, microRNA (miR)-21-5p expression levels were lower and miR-221 levels were higher in Prx II-/- DMSCs than in Prx II+/+ DMSCs. Therefore, our results indicate that Prx II accelerated wound healing by protecting DMSCs from reactive oxygen species-induced apoptosis; however, Prx II did not regulate cell/growth factor secretion. Prx II potentially regulates exosome functions via miR-21-5p and miR-221.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Hua Jin
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Nan-Nan Yu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
- Department of Plasma Bioscience and Display, Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Applied Plasma Medicine Center, Kwangwoon University, Nowon-gu 01897, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ying-Hua Jin
- Library and Information Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Ying Mao
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Lin Feng
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Yue Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Ai-Guo Wang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Hu-Nan Sun
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Taeho Kwon
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup-si 56216, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Ying-Hao Han
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Gunaydin Akyildiz A, Boran T, Jannuzzi AT, Alpertunga B. Mitochondrial dynamics imbalance and mitochondrial dysfunction contribute to the molecular cardiotoxic effects of lenvatinib. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 423:115577. [PMID: 34019861 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Lenvatinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) approved for the treatment of resistant differentiated thyroid cancer, advanced renal cell carcinoma, unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma, and endometrial carcinoma. Although it is successful in cancer treatment, it can cause life-threatening side effects such as cardiotoxicity. The molecular mechanism of cardiotoxicity caused by lenvatinib is not fully known. In this study, the molecular mechanism of lenvatinib's cardiotoxicity was investigated focusing on mitochondrial toxicity in the H9c2 cardiomyoblastic cell line. Lenvatinib inhibited cell viability at 48 and 72 h exposure with three selected concentrations (1.25 μM, 5 μM and 10 μM); and inhibited intracellular ATP after 72 h exposure compared to the control group. Mitochondrial membrane potential was decreased after 48 h and did not show significant changes after 72 h exposure. Evaluated with real-time PCR, mitochondrial dynamics (Mfn1, Mfn2, OPA1, DRP1, Fis1) expression levels after lenvatinib treatment significantly changed. Lenvatinib triggered the tendency from fusion to fission in mitochondria after 48 h exposure, and increased both fusion and fission after 72 h. The mtDNA ratio increased after 48 h and decreased after 72 h. ASK1, JNK and AMPKα2 increased. UCP2 showed downregulation, SOD2 level showed upregulation and Cat levels decreased after drug treatment. Nrf1 and Nrf2 also changed concentration-dependently. Protein carbonyl levels increased significantly after lenvatinib treatments indicating oxidative stress. The protein levels of the electron transport chain complexes, LONP1, UCP2, and P21 showed significant differences after lenvatinib treatment. The outcome of our study is expected to be a contribution to the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of TKI-induced cardiotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aysenur Gunaydin Akyildiz
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, 34116 Beyazit, Istanbul, Turkey; Bezmialem Vakif University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Vatan Street, 34093 Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tugce Boran
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, 34116 Beyazit, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayse Tarbin Jannuzzi
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, 34116 Beyazit, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Buket Alpertunga
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, 34116 Beyazit, Istanbul, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Fatima S, Alfrayh R, Alrashed M, Alsobaie S, Ahmad R, Mahmood A. Selenium Nanoparticles by Moderating Oxidative Stress Promote Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Osteoblasts. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:331-343. [PMID: 33488075 PMCID: PMC7814244 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s285233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Redox homeostasis plays an important role in the osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) for bone engineering. Oxidative stress (OS) is believed to induce osteoporosis by changing bone homeostasis. Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs), an antioxidant with pleiotropic pharmacological activity, prevent bone loss. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the osteogenic activity during hMSC–SeNP interaction is unclear. Methods This study assessed the effects of different concentrations (25, 50, 100, and 300 ng/mL) of SeNPs on the cell viability and differentiation ability of human embryonic stem cell-derived hMSCs. In addition, we analyzed OS markers and their effect on mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and Forkhead box O3 (FOXO3) during osteogenesis. Results SeNPs increased the cell viability of hMSCs and induced their differentiation toward an osteogenic over an adipogenic lineage by enhancing osteogenic transcription and mineralization, while inhibiting Nile red staining and adipogenic gene expression. By preventing excessive reactive oxygen species accumulation, SeNPs increased antioxidant levels in hMSCs undergoing osteogenesis compared to untreated cells. In addition, SeNPs significantly upregulated the gene and protein expression of phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and FOXO3a, with no significant change in the expression levels of extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) and p38 MAPK. Conclusion The results approved that low concentrations of SeNPs might enhance the cell viability and osteogenic potential of hMSCs by moderating OS. Increased JNK and FOXO3a expression shows that SeNPs might enhance osteogenesis via activation of the JNK/FOXO3 pathway. In addition, SeNP co-supplementation might prevent bone loss by enhancing osteogenesis and, thus, can be an effective candidate for treating osteoporosis through cell-based therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabiha Fatima
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rawan Alfrayh
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - May Alrashed
- Chair of Medical and Molecular Genetics Research, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Alsobaie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rehan Ahmad
- Colorectal Research Chair, Department of Surgery, King Saud University, College of Medicine, Riyadh 11472, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amer Mahmood
- Stem Cell Unit, Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh 11461, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Graceffa V. Therapeutic Potential of Reactive Oxygen Species: State of the Art and Recent Advances. SLAS Technol 2020; 26:140-158. [PMID: 33345675 DOI: 10.1177/2472630320977450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
In the last decade, several studies have proven that when at low concentration reactive oxygen species (ROS) show an adaptive beneficial effect and posited the idea that they can be utilized as inexpensive and convenient inducers of tissue regeneration. On the other hand, the recent discovery that cancer cells are more sensitive to oxidative damage paved the way for their use in the selective killing of tumor cells, and sensors to monitor ROS production during cancer treatment are under extensive investigation. Nevertheless, although ROS-activated signaling pathways are well established, less is known about the mechanisms underlying the switch from an anabolic to a cytotoxic response. Furthermore, a high variability in biological response is observed between different modalities of administration, cell types, donor ages, eventual concomitant diseases, and external microenvironment. On the other hand, available preclinical studies are scarce, whereas the quest for the most suitable systems for in vivo delivery is still elusive. Furthermore, new strategies to control the temporal pattern of ROS release need to be developed, if considering their tumorigenic potential. This review initially discusses ROS mechanisms of action and their potential application in stem cell biology, tissue engineering, and cancer therapy. It then outlines the state of art of ROS-based drugs and identifies challenges faced in translating ROS research into clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Graceffa
- Cellular Health and Toxicology Research Group (CHAT), Institute of Technology Sligo, Bellanode, Sligo, Ireland.,Department of Life Sciences, Institute of Technology Sligo, Bellanode, Sligo, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Advances in generation of three-dimensional skin equivalents: pre-clinical studies to clinical therapies. Cytotherapy 2020; 23:1-9. [PMID: 33189572 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2020.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The inability of two-dimensional cell culture systems to adequately map the structure and function of complex organs like skin necessitates the development of three-dimensional (3D) skin models. A diverse range of 3D skin equivalents have been developed over the last few decades for studying complex properties of skin as well as for drug discovery and clinical applications for skin regeneration in chronic wounds, such as diabetic foot ulcers, where the normal mechanism of wound healing is compromised. These 3D skin substitutes also serve as a suitable alternative to animal models in industrial applications and fundamental research. With the emergence of tissue engineering, new scaffolds and matrices have been integrated into 3D cell culture systems, along with gene therapy approaches, to increase the efficacy of transplanted cells in skin regeneration. This review summarizes recent approaches to the development of skin equivalents as well as different models for studying skin diseases and properties and current therapeutic applications of skin substitutes.
Collapse
|
15
|
Kaushik K, Das A. TWIST1-Reprogrammed Endothelial Cell Transplantation Potentiates Neovascularization-Mediated Diabetic Wound Tissue Regeneration. Diabetes 2020; 69:1232-1247. [PMID: 32234721 DOI: 10.2337/db20-0138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Hypovascularized diabetic nonhealing wounds are due to reduced number and impaired physiology of endogenous endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) population that limits their recruitment and mobilization at the wound site. For enrichment of the EPC repertoire from nonendothelial precursors, abundantly available mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) were reprogrammed into induced endothelial cells (iEC). We identified cell signaling molecular targets by meta-analysis of microarray data sets. BMP-2 induction leads to the expression of inhibitory Smad 6/7-dependent negative transcriptional regulation of ID1, rendering the latter's reduced binding to TWIST1 during transdifferentiation of Wharton jelly-derived MSC (WJ-MSC) into iEC. TWIST1, in turn, regulates endothelial gene transcription, positively of proangiogenic KDR and negatively, in part, of antiangiogenic SFRP4 Twist1 reprogramming enhanced the endothelial lineage commitment of WJ-MSC and increased the vasculogenic potential of reprogrammed endothelial cells (rEC). Transplantation of stable TWIST1 rEC into a type 1 and 2 diabetic full-thickness splinted wound healing murine model enhanced the microcirculatory blood flow and accelerated the wound tissue regeneration. An increased or decreased colocalization of GFP with KDR/SFRP4 and CD31 in the regenerated diabetic wound bed with TWIST1 overexpression or silencing (piLenti-TWIST1-shRNA-GFP), respectively, further confirmed improved neovascularization. This study depicted the reprogramming of WJ-MSC into rEC using unique transcription factor TWIST1 for an efficacious cell transplantation therapy to induce neovascularization-mediated diabetic wound tissue regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Komal Kaushik
- Department of Applied Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Campus, Hyderabad, India
| | - Amitava Das
- Department of Applied Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Campus, Hyderabad, India
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Panahi M, Rahimi B, Rahimi G, Yew Low T, Saraygord-Afshari N, Alizadeh E. Cytoprotective effects of antioxidant supplementation on mesenchymal stem cell therapy. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:6462-6495. [PMID: 32239727 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are earmarked as perfect candidates for cell therapy and tissue engineering due to their capacity to differentiate into different cell types. However, their potential for application in regenerative medicine declines when the levels of the reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) increase from the physiological levels, a phenomenon which is at least inevitable in ex vivo cultures and air-exposed damaged tissues. Increased levels of RONS can alter the patterns of osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation and inhibit proliferation, as well. Besides, oxidative stress enhances senescence and cell death, thus lowering the success rates of the MSC engraftment. Hence, in this review, we have selected some representatives of antioxidants and newly emerged nano antioxidants in three main categories, including chemical compounds, biometabolites, and protein precursors/proteins, which are proved to be effective in the treatment of MSCs. We will focus on how antioxidants can be applied to optimize the clinical usage of the MSCs and their associated signaling pathways. We have also reviewed several paralleled properties of some antioxidants and nano antioxidants which can be simultaneously used in real-time imaging, scaffolding techniques, and other applications in addition to their primary antioxidative function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Panahi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Bahareh Rahimi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Golbarg Rahimi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Esfahan, Esfahan, Iran
| | - Teck Yew Low
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Neda Saraygord-Afshari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Effat Alizadeh
- Drug Applied Research Center and Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Dhoke NR, Kaushik K, Das A. Cxcr6-Based Mesenchymal Stem Cell Gene Therapy Potentiates Skin Regeneration in Murine Diabetic Wounds. Mol Ther 2020; 28:1314-1326. [PMID: 32112713 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2020.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapies for wound healing are often compromised due to low recruitment and engraftment of transplanted cells, as well as delayed differentiation into cell lineages for skin regeneration. An increased expression of chemokine ligand CXCL16 in wound bed and its cognate receptor, CXCR6, on murine bone-marrow-derived MSCs suggested a putative therapeutic relevance of exogenous MSC transplantation therapy. Induction of the CXCL16-CXCR6 axis led to activation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), Src, and extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2)-mediated matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2 promoter regulation and expression, the migratory signaling pathways in MSC. CXCL16 induction also increased the transdifferentiation of MSCs into endothelial-like cells and keratinocytes. Intravenous transplantation of allogenic stable MSCs with Cxcr6 gene therapy potentiated skin tissue regeneration by increasing recruitment and engraftment as well as neovascularization and re-epithelialization at the wound site in excisional splinting wounds of type I and II diabetic mice. This study suggests that activation of the CXCL16-CXCR6 axis in bioengineered MSCs with Cxcr6 overexpression provides a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of diabetic wounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neha R Dhoke
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, TS, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-IICT Campus, Hyderabad 500 007, TS, India
| | - Komal Kaushik
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, TS, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-IICT Campus, Hyderabad 500 007, TS, India
| | - Amitava Das
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, TS, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-IICT Campus, Hyderabad 500 007, TS, India.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yin Y, Chen F, Li J, Yang J, Li Q, Jin P. AURKA Enhances Autophagy of Adipose Derived Stem Cells to Promote Diabetic Wound Repair via Targeting FOXO3a. J Invest Dermatol 2020; 140:1639-1649.e4. [PMID: 32004564 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AURKA regulates apoptosis and autophagy in a diverse range of diseases and exhibits promising clinical efficacy; however, the role of AURKA in regulating adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and repairing diabetic wound remains unclear. Here, we showed that ADSCs subjected to high glucose stress displayed an obvious induction of AURKA and FOXO3a, and a significant increase in autophagy and apoptosis. AURKA was confirmed to regulate autophagy through FOXO3a. AURKA-mediated autophagy inhibited high-glucose-induced apoptosis of ADSCs. Furthermore, co-immunoprecipitation and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were employed to investigate the interaction of AURKA and FOXO3a. FOXO3a bound to its own promoter and transactivated its own expression. AURKA was found to interact with FOXO3a to regulate FOXO3a activity. In diabetic mice, ADSCs overexpressing AURKA led to a decrease of apoptosis of ADSCs and promoted wound healing in the skin. Taken together, our data suggest that transcriptional regulation of FOXO3a by high-glucose-mediated AURKA is necessary for ADSCs autophagy. Our data reveal a potential therapeutic strategy for targeting AURKA involved in high-glucose-induced anti-apoptotic autophagy in ADSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yating Yin
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feifei Chen
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Cancer Biotherapy Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Jianhua Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Science Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Peisheng Jin
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Deng X, Jing D, Liang H, Zheng D, Shao Z. H₂O₂ Damages the Stemness of Rat Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Developing a "Stemness Loss" Model. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:5613-5620. [PMID: 31353362 PMCID: PMC6683726 DOI: 10.12659/msm.914011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The number of patients with spinal cord injury caused by motor vehicle accidents, violent injuries, and other types of trauma increases year by year, and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) transplants are being widely investigated to treat this condition. However, the success rate of BMSCs transplants is relatively low due to the presence of oxidative stress in the new microenvironment. Our main goals in the present study were to evaluate the damaging effects of H2O2 on BMSCs and to develop a model of “stemness loss” using rat BMSCs. Material/Methods Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells were obtained from the bone marrow of young rats reared under sterile conditions. The stem cells were used after 2 passages following phenotypic identification. BMSCs were divided into 4 groups to evaluate the damaging effects of H2O2: A. blank control; B. 100 uM H2O2; C. 200 uM H2O2 and D. 300 uM H2O2. The ability of the BMSCs to differentiate into 3 cell lineages and their colony formation and migration capacities were analyzed by gene expression, colony formation, and scratch assays. Results The cells we obtained complied with international stem cell standards demonstrated by their ability to differentiate into 3 cell lineages. We found that 200–300 uM H2O2 had a significant effect on the biological behavior of BMSCs, including their ability to differentiate into 3 cell lineages, the expression of stemness-related proteins, and their migration and colony formation capacities. Conclusions H2O2 can damage the stemness ability of BMSCs at a concentration of 200–300 uM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Deng
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Doudou Jing
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Hang Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Dong Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Zengwu Shao
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Manupati K, Debnath S, Goswami K, Bhoj PS, Chandak HS, Bahekar SP, Das A. Glutathione S-transferase omega 1 inhibition activates JNK-mediated apoptotic response in breast cancer stem cells. FEBS J 2019; 286:2167-2192. [PMID: 30873742 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferase omega 1 (GSTO1) contributes to the inactivation of a wide range of drug compounds via conjugation to glutathione during phase reactions. Chemotherapy-induced GSTO1 expression in breast cancer cells leads to chemoresistance and promotes metastasis. In search of novel GSTO1 inhibitors, we identified S2E, a thia-Michael adduct of sulfonamide chalcone with low LC50 (3.75 ± 0.73 μm) that binds to the active site of GSTO1, as revealed by molecular docking (glide score: -8.1), cellular thermal shift assay and fluorescence quenching assay (Kb ≈ 10 × 105 mol·L-1 ). Docking studies confirmed molecular interactions between GSTO1 and S2E, and identified the hydrogen bond donor Val-72 (2.14 Å) and hydrogen bond acceptor Ser-86 (2.77 Å). Best pharmacophore hypotheses could effectively map S2E and identified the 4-methyl group of the benzene sulfonamide ring as crucial to its anti-cancer activity. Lack of a thiophenyl group in another analog, 2e, reduced its efficacy as observed by cytotoxicity and pharmacophore matching. Furthermore, GSTO1 inhibition by S2E, along with tamoxifen, led to a significant increase in apoptosis and decreased migration of aggressive MDA-MB-231 cells, as well as significantly decreased migration, invasion and mammosphere formation in sorted breast cancer stem cells (CSCs, CD24- /CD44+ ). GSTO1 silencing in breast CSCs also significantly increased apoptosis and decreased migration. Mechanistically, GSTO1 inhibition activated the c-Jun N-terminal kinase stress kinase, inducing a mitochondrial apoptosis signaling pathway in breast CSCs via the pro-apoptotic proteins BAX, cytochrome c and cleaved caspase 3. Our study elucidated the role of the GSTO1 inhibitor S2E as a potential therapeutic strategy for preventing chemotherapy-induced breast CSC-mediated cancer metastasis and recurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kanakaraju Manupati
- Centre for Chemical Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India.,Academy of Science and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Sudhan Debnath
- Department of Chemistry, Maharaja Bir Bikram College, Agartala, India
| | - Kalyan Goswami
- Department of Biochemistry, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, India
| | - Priyanka S Bhoj
- Department of Biochemistry, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, India
| | - Hemant S Chandak
- Department of Chemistry, G. S. Science, Arts & Commerce College, Khamgaon, India
| | - Sandeep P Bahekar
- Department of Chemistry, G. S. Science, Arts & Commerce College, Khamgaon, India
| | - Amitava Das
- Centre for Chemical Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India.,Academy of Science and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Cycloxygenase-2 inhibition potentiates trans-differentiation of Wharton's jelly–mesenchymal stromal cells into endothelial cells: Transplantation enhances neovascularization-mediated wound repair. Cytotherapy 2019; 21:260-273. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|