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Ivarsson J, Bennett A, Ferrara F, Strauch R, Vallase A, Iorizzo M, Pecorelli A, Lila MA, Valacchi G. Gut-derived wild blueberry phenolic acid metabolites modulate extrinsic cutaneous damage. Food Funct 2024. [PMID: 38962816 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo01874e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
As the first line of defense, the skin is equipped with various physiological mechanisms positioned to prevent incoming oxidative damage from numerous environmental insults. With persistent exposure to the environment, understanding ways to augment the skin defenses is paramount in protecting from premature aging. In this study, we investigated the ability of five dietary phenolic metabolites, typically found in the bloodstream after wild blueberry consumption, to successfully defend the skin from UV light exposure in a novel ex vivo co-culture model of human skin explants and primary endothelial cells. Skin explants, placed in transwell inserts, were exposed to UV, and subsequently co-cultured with endothelial cells. When the endothelial cells had been pretreated with the bioactive metabolites at physiological concentrations (hippuric acid 3000 nM, isoferulic acid 1000 nM, salicylic acid 130 nM, benzoic acid 900 nM, α-hydroxyhippuric acid 400 nM) cutaneous damage was prevented on the co-cultured with UV-challenged skin explants. Co-culture with non-pretreated endothelial cells did not protect skin explants. Specifically, the pretreatment was able to reduce skin lipid peroxidation (measured as 4-hydroxynonenal protein adducts), and pro-inflammatory enzymes such as cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX-4). Furthermore, pretreatment with the metabolites prevented UV-induced release of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and IL-8 as well as nitric oxides (NO) levels. In addition, the metabolites showed an impressive ability to prevent the loss of cutaneous structural proteins including involucrin and collagen type 1. Of note, endothelial cells cultured with UV exposed skin explants exhibited increased oxidative stress demonstrated by heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) up-regulation which was significantly prevented in the metabolite treated models. These findings highlight the ability of dietary polyphenolic metabolites to improve cutaneous defenses against extrinsic stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Ivarsson
- Department of Animal Science, Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
- Department of Food Bioprocessing & Nutrition Sciences, Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
| | - Abby Bennett
- Department of Food Bioprocessing & Nutrition Sciences, Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
| | - Francesca Ferrara
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Renee Strauch
- Department of Food Bioprocessing & Nutrition Sciences, Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
| | - Andrea Vallase
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Massimo Iorizzo
- Department of Horticultural Science, Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
| | - Alessandra Pecorelli
- Department of Food Bioprocessing & Nutrition Sciences, Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mary Ann Lila
- Department of Food Bioprocessing & Nutrition Sciences, Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Department of Animal Science, Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Kyung Hee University, Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul, South Korea
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Atayik MC, Çakatay U. Redox signaling in impaired cascades of wound healing: promising approach. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:6927-6936. [PMID: 37341917 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08589-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
In the aging communities, wound healing management is a quite remarkable problem especially in elderly individuals. The optimal level of healing of wounds developed spontaneously or due to surgery is of critical importance in order to prevent the negative effects that may occur due to delayed healing (for example, organ or system damage caused by infections that may develop in the wound area). The deteriorated subcellular redox signaling is considered to be as the main factor in the chronicity of wounds. The pivotal role of mitochondria in redox regulation reveals the importance of modulation of redox signaling pathways in senescent cells. Secretory factors released upon the acquisition of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) function in a paracrine manner to disseminate impaired tissue redox status by affecting the redox metabolome of nearby cells, which could promote age-related pro-inflammatory pathologies. Evaluating the wound-site redox regulation in impaired redox signaling pathways may help prevent the formation of chronic wounds and the development of long-term complications of the wounds, especially in the elderly. Using the redox modulatory pharmacologically active substances targeting the senescent cells in chronic wound areas hopefully opens a new avenue in wound management. As the signaling mechanisms of wound healing and its relationship with advanced age become more clearly understood, many promising therapeutic approaches and redox modulator substances are coming into clinical view for the management of chronic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Can Atayik
- Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Medical Program, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ufuk Çakatay
- Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey.
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3
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Byun HS, Ju E, Park KA, Sohn KC, Jung CS, Hong JH, Ro H, Lee HY, Quan KT, Park I, Na M, Hur GM. Rubiarbonol B induces RIPK1-dependent necroptosis via NOX1-derived ROS production. Cell Biol Toxicol 2023; 39:1677-1696. [PMID: 36163569 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-022-09774-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The activation of receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) by death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) formation is essential for triggering the necroptotic mode of cell death under apoptosis-deficient conditions. Thus, targeting the induction of necroptosis by modulating RIPK1 activity could be an effective strategy to bypass apoptosis resistance in certain types of cancer. In this study, we screened a series of arborinane triterpenoids purified from Rubia philippinesis and identified rubiarbonol B (Ru-B) as a potent caspase-8 activator that induces DISC-mediated apoptosis in multiple types of cancer cells. However, in RIPK3-expressing human colorectal cancer (CRC) cells, the pharmacological or genetic inhibition of caspase-8 shifted the mode of cell death by Ru-B from apoptosis to necroptosis though upregulation of RIPK1 phosphorylation. Conversely, Ru-B-induced cell death was almost completely abrogated by RIPK1 deficiency. The enhanced RIPK1 phosphorylation and necroptosis triggered by Ru-B treatment occurred independently of tumor necrosis factor receptor signaling and was mediated by the production of reactive oxygen species via NADPH oxidase 1 in CRC cells. Thus, we propose Ru-B as a novel anticancer agent that activates RIPK1-dependent cell death via ROS production, and suggest its potential as a novel necroptosis-targeting compound in apoptosis-resistant CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Sun Byun
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjin Ju
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Ah Park
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Cheol Sohn
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Seok Jung
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang Hee Hong
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunju Ro
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoi Young Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - Khong Trong Quan
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - InWha Park
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Gangneung Institute, Gangneung, 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - MinKyun Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Gang Min Hur
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.
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El Mir J, Fedou S, Thézé N, Morice-Picard F, Cario M, Fayyad-Kazan H, Thiébaud P, Rezvani HR. Xenopus: An in vivo model for studying skin response to ultraviolet B irradiation. Dev Growth Differ 2023; 65:194-202. [PMID: 36880984 DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet B (UVB) in sunlight cause skin damage, ranging from wrinkles to photoaging and skin cancer. UVB can affect genomic DNA by creating cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) and pyrimidine-pyrimidine (6-4) photoproducts (6-4PPs). These lesions are mainly repaired by the nucleotide excision repair (NER) system and by photolyase enzymes that are activated by blue light. Our main goal was to validate the use of Xenopus laevis as an in vivo model system for investigating the impact of UVB on skin physiology. The mRNA expression levels of xpc and six other genes of the NER system and CPD/6-4PP photolyases were found at all stages of embryonic development and in all adult tissues tested. When examining Xenopus embryos at different time points after UVB irradiation, we observed a gradual decrease in CPD levels and an increased number of apoptotic cells, together with an epidermal thickening and an increased dendricity of melanocytes. We observed a quick removal of CPDs when embryos are exposed to blue light versus in the dark, confirming the efficient activation of photolyases. A decrease in the number of apoptotic cells and an accelerated return to normal proliferation rate was noted in blue light-exposed embryos compared with their control counterparts. Overall, a gradual decrease in CPD levels, detection of apoptotic cells, thickening of epidermis, and increased dendricity of melanocytes, emulate human skin responses to UVB and support Xenopus as an appropriate and alternative model for such studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joudi El Mir
- University Bordeaux, Inserm, BRIC, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Nadine Thézé
- University Bordeaux, Inserm, BRIC, Bordeaux, France
| | - Fanny Morice-Picard
- University Bordeaux, Inserm, BRIC, Bordeaux, France.,Department of Dermatology and Pediatric Dermatology, National Reference Centre for Rare Disorders, Hôpital des Enfants Pellegrin, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Muriel Cario
- University Bordeaux, Inserm, BRIC, Bordeaux, France.,Aquiderm, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Hussein Fayyad-Kazan
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences I, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon
| | | | - Hamid-Reza Rezvani
- University Bordeaux, Inserm, BRIC, Bordeaux, France.,Aquiderm, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
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5
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Su L, Zhang J, Gomez H, Kellum JA, Peng Z. Mitochondria ROS and mitophagy in acute kidney injury. Autophagy 2023; 19:401-414. [PMID: 35678504 PMCID: PMC9851232 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2022.2084862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 151.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitophagy is an essential mitochondrial quality control mechanism that eliminates damaged mitochondria and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The relationship between mitochondria oxidative stress, ROS production and mitophagy are intimately interwoven, and these processes are all involved in various pathological conditions of acute kidney injury (AKI). The elimination of damaged mitochondria through mitophagy in mammals is a complicated process which involves several pathways. Furthermore, the interplay between mitophagy and different types of cell death, such as apoptosis, pyroptosis and ferroptosis in kidney injury is unclear. Here we will review recent advances in our understanding of the relationship between ROS and mitophagy, the different mitophagy pathways, the relationship between mitophagy and cell death, and the relevance of these processes in the pathogenesis of AKI.Abbreviations: AKI: acute kidney injury; AMBRA1: autophagy and beclin 1 regulator 1; ATP: adenosine triphosphate; BAK1: BCL2 antagonist/killer 1; BAX: BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator; BCL2: BCL2 apoptosis regulator; BECN1: beclin 1; BH3: BCL2 homology domain 3; BNIP3: BCL2 interacting protein 3; BNIP3L/NIX: BCL2 interacting protein 3 like; CASP1: caspase 1; CAT: catalase; CCCP: carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone; CI-AKI: contrast-induced acute kidney injury; CISD1: CDGSH iron sulfur domain 1; CL: cardiolipin; CNP: 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase; DNM1L/DRP1: dynamin 1 like; E3: enzyme 3; ETC: electron transport chain; FA: folic acid; FUNDC1: FUN14 domain containing 1; G3P: glycerol-3-phosphate; G6PD: glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase; GPX: glutathione peroxidase; GSH: glutathione; GSK3B: glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta; GSR: glutathione-disulfide reductase; HIF1A: hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha; HUWE1: HECT, UBA and WWE domain containing 1; IL1B: interleukin 1 beta; IMM: inner mitochondrial membrane; IPC: ischemic preconditioning; IRI: ischemia-reperfusion injury; LIR: LC3-interacting region; LPS: lipopolysaccharide; MA: malate-aspartate; MPT: mitochondrial permeability transition; MUL1: mitochondrial E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1; mtROS: mitochondrial ROS; NLR: NOD-like receptor; NLRP3: NLR family pyrin domain containing 3; NOX: NADPH oxidase; OGD-R: oxygen-glucose deprivation-reperfusion; OMM: outer mitochondrial membrane; OPA1: OPA1 mitochondrial dynamin like GTPase; OXPHOS: oxidative phosphorylation; PARL: presenilin associated rhomboid like; PINK1: PTEN induced kinase 1; PLSCR3: phospholipid scramblase 3; PMP: peptidase, mitochondrial processing; PRDX: peroxiredoxin; PRKN: parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase; RPTC: rat proximal tubular cells; ROS: reactive oxygen species; SLC7A11/xCT: solute carrier family 7 member 11; SOD: superoxide dismutase; SOR: superoxide reductase; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; TCA: tricarboxylic acid; TIMM: translocase of inner mitochondrial membrane; TOMM: translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane; TXN: thioredoxin; VDAC: voltage dependent anion channel; VCP: valosin containing protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianjiu Su
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan430071, China
- Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthNeuro-Oncology, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jiahao Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan430071, China
| | - Hernando Gomez
- Center of Critical Care Nephrology, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - John A Kellum
- Center of Critical Care Nephrology, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Zhiyong Peng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan430071, China
- Center of Critical Care Nephrology, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, USA
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6
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Md Jaffri J. Reactive Oxygen Species and Antioxidant System in Selected Skin Disorders. Malays J Med Sci 2023; 30:7-20. [PMID: 36875194 PMCID: PMC9984103 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2023.30.1.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The skin has a solid protective system that includes the stratum corneum as the primary barrier and a complete antioxidant defence system to maintain the skin's normal redox homeostasis. The epidermal and dermal cells are continuously exposed to physiological levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) originating from cellular metabolic activities. Environmental insults, such as ultraviolet (UV) rays and air pollutants, also generate ROS that can contribute to structural damage of the skin. The antioxidant defence system ensures that the ROS level remains within the safe limit. In certain skin disorders, oxidative stress plays an important role, and there is an established interplay between oxidative stress and inflammation in the development of the condition. Lower levels of skin antioxidants indicate that oxidative stress may mediate the pathogenesis of the disorder. Accordingly, the total antioxidant level was also found to be lower in individuals with skin disorders in individuals with normal skin conditions. This review attempts to summarise the skin oxidant sources and antioxidant system. In addition, both skin and total antioxidant status of individuals with psoriasis, acne vulgaris, vitiligo and atopic dermatitis (AD), as well as their associations with the progression of these disorders will be reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Md Jaffri
- Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Pahang, Malaysia
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7
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Zhao J, Xu L, Jin D, Xin Y, Tian L, Wang T, Zhao D, Wang Z, Wang J. Rosmarinic Acid and Related Dietary Supplements: Potential Applications in the Prevention and Treatment of Cancer. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12101410. [PMID: 36291619 PMCID: PMC9599057 DOI: 10.3390/biom12101410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer constitutes a severe threat to human health and quality of life and is one of the most significant causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Natural dietary products have drawn substantial attention in cancer treatment and prevention due to their availability and absence of toxicity. Rosmarinic acid (RA) is known for its excellent antioxidant properties and is safe and effective in preventing and inhibiting tumors. This review summarizes recent publications on culture techniques, extraction processes, and anti-tumor applications of RA-enriched dietary supplements. We discuss techniques to improve RA bioavailability and provide a mechanistic discussion of RA regarding tumor prevention, treatment, and adjuvant therapy. RA exhibits anticancer activity by regulating oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, cell cycle, apoptosis, and metastasis. These data suggest that daily use of RA-enriched dietary supplements can contribute to tumor prevention and treatment. RA has the potential for application in anti-tumor drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachao Zhao
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Liwei Xu
- Department of Respirology, First Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Di Jin
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Yu Xin
- School of pharmaceutical sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Lin Tian
- Department of Respirology, First Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Tan Wang
- Department of Respirology, First Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Daqing Zhao
- Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Zeyu Wang
- Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
- Correspondence: (Z.W.); (J.W.)
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Respirology, First Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
- Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
- Correspondence: (Z.W.); (J.W.)
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8
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Cooper KL, Volk LB, Dominguez DR, Duran AD, Ke Jian Liu KJ, Hudson LG. Contribution of NADPH oxidase to the retention of UVR-induced DNA damage by arsenic. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 434:115799. [PMID: 34798142 PMCID: PMC10115133 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic is a naturally occurring element present in food, soil and water and human exposure is associated with increased cancer risk. Arsenic inhibits DNA repair at low, non-cytotoxic concentrations and amplifies the mutagenic and carcinogenic impact of other DNA-damaging agents, such as ultraviolet radiation (UVR). Arsenic exposure leads to oxidation of zinc coordinating cysteine residues, zinc loss and decreased activity of the DNA repair protein poly(ADP)ribose polymerase (PARP)-1. Because arsenic stimulates NADPH oxidase (NOX) activity leading to generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the goal of this study was to investigate the role of NOX in arsenic-induced inhibition of PARP activity and retention of DNA damage. NOX involvement in the arsenic response was assessed in vitro and in vivo. Keratinocytes were treated with or without arsenite, solar-simulated UVR, NOX inhibitors and/or isoform specific NOX siRNA. Knockdown or inhibition of NOX decreased arsenite-induced ROS, PARP-1 oxidation and DNA damage retention, while restoring arsenite inhibition of PARP-1 activity. The NOX2 isoform was determined to be the major contributor to arsenite-induced ROS generation and DNA damage retention. In vivo DNA damage was measured by immunohistochemical staining and analysis of dorsal epidermis sections from C57BI/6 and p91phox knockout (NOX2-/-) mice. There was no significant difference in solar-simulated UVR DNA damage as detected by percent PH2AX positive cells within NOX2-/- mice versus control. In contrast, arsenite-dependent retention of UVR-induced DNA damage was markedly reduced. Altogether, the in vitro and in vivo findings indicate that NOX is involved in arsenic enhancement of UVR-induced DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen L Cooper
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States of America
| | - Lindsay B Volk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States of America
| | - Dayna R Dominguez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States of America
| | - Antonia D Duran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States of America; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States of America
| | - K J Ke Jian Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States of America
| | - Laurie G Hudson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States of America.
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ROS as Regulators of Cellular Processes in Melanoma. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:1208690. [PMID: 34725562 PMCID: PMC8557056 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1208690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we examine the multiple roles of ROS in the pathogenesis of melanoma, focusing on signal transduction and regulation of gene expression. In recent years, different studies have analyzed the dual role of ROS in regulating the redox system, with both negative and positive consequences on human health, depending on cell concentration of these agents. High ROS levels can result from an altered balance between oxidant generation and intracellular antioxidant activity and can produce harmful effects. In contrast, low amounts of ROS are considered beneficial, since they trigger signaling pathways involved in physiological activities and programmed cell death, with protective effects against melanoma. Here, we examine these beneficial roles, which could have interesting implications in melanoma treatment.
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10
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Nakai K, Tsuruta D. What Are Reactive Oxygen Species, Free Radicals, and Oxidative Stress in Skin Diseases? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910799. [PMID: 34639139 PMCID: PMC8509443 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxygen in the atmosphere is a crucial component for life-sustaining aerobic respiration in humans. Approximately 95% of oxygen is consumed as energy and ultimately becomes water; however, the remaining 5% produces metabolites called activated oxygen or reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are extremely reactive. Skin, the largest organ in the human body, is exposed to air pollutants, including diesel exhaust fumes, ultraviolet rays, food, xenobiotics, drugs, and cosmetics, which promote the production of ROS. ROS exacerbate skin aging and inflammation, but also function as regulators of homeostasis in the human body, including epidermal keratinocyte proliferation. Although ROS have been implicated in various skin diseases, the underlying mechanisms have not yet been elucidated. Current knowledge on ROS-related and oxidative stress-related skin diseases from basic research to clinical treatment strategies are discussed herein. This information may be applied to the future treatment of skin diseases through the individual targeting of the ROS generated in each case via their inhibition, capture, or regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kozo Nakai
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-6-6645-3826; Fax: +81-6-6645-3828
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11
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Miao L, Daozhou L, Ying C, Qibing M, Siyuan Z. A resveratrol-loaded nanostructured lipid carrier hydrogel to enhance the anti-UV irradiation and anti-oxidant efficacy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 204:111786. [PMID: 33984613 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) irradiation leads to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and DNA damage in skin tissue, which can further result in skin cancers. Using sunscreens is one of the most popular and the most effective method to resist UV irradiation. Resveratrol (RES) shows high absorbance in UV region and significant anti-oxidant effects. However, RES is easily degraded by UV irradiation, resulting in the decrease of bioactivity and the limitation of its application in the pharmaceutical preparations of skin. In this paper, a nanostructured lipid carrier gel loaded with RES (RES-NLC-gel) was prepared to improve the stability of RES and the accumulation of RES in the epidermis. Moreover, RES-NLC-gel could scavenge free radical effectively and protect human keratinocyte from UV irradiation by inhibiting the generation of ROS, decreasing the protein expression of cleaved caspase-3 and Bax and increasing the protein expression of Bcl-2. When mice skin was pretreated with RES-NLC-gel, there were less erythema, wrinkles and scabs on mice skin. The epidermal thickness of mice skins obviously reduced in dose-dependent manner. The activities of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in mice skin tissue significantly increased. Thus, RES-NLC-gel exhibited an obvious anti-UV irradiation and anti-oxidant activity in vivo. RES-NLC-gel displayed great application potential in protecting skin from UV irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Miao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Liu Daozhou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Cheng Ying
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Mei Qibing
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zhou Siyuan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China; Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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12
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Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming with heterogeneity is a hallmark of cancer and is at the basis of malignant behaviors. It supports the proliferation and metastasis of tumor cells according to the low nutrition and hypoxic microenvironment. Tumor cells frantically grab energy sources (such as glucose, fatty acids, and glutamine) from different pathways to produce a variety of biomass to meet their material needs via enhanced synthetic pathways, including aerobic glycolysis, glutaminolysis, fatty acid synthesis (FAS), and pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). To survive from stress conditions (e.g., metastasis, irradiation, or chemotherapy), tumor cells have to reprogram their metabolism from biomass production towards the generation of abundant adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and antioxidants. In addition, cancer cells remodel the microenvironment through metabolites, promoting an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Herein, we discuss how the metabolism is reprogrammed in cancer cells and how the tumor microenvironment is educated via the metabolic products. We also highlight potential metabolic targets for cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huakan Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Yongsheng Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, China.
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13
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Daré RG, Nakamura CV, Ximenes VF, Lautenschlager SOS. Tannic acid, a promising anti-photoaging agent: Evidences of its antioxidant and anti-wrinkle potentials, and its ability to prevent photodamage and MMP-1 expression in L929 fibroblasts exposed to UVB. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 160:342-355. [PMID: 32858160 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Chronic and unprotect UV exposure leads to skin oxidative stress, following accumulation of damaged cellular components and downstream activation of specific signaling pathways, culminating in premature skin aging (photoaging). In this concern, polyphenols have been proposed for the prevention of skin disorders UV-generated. In the present study, we compared gallic acid (GA) and tannic acid (TA) regarding their potentials in prevent photoaging, using cell-free assays. The most promising compound was further investigated for its photoprotection abilities in UVB-irradiated L929 fibroblasts. TA was more efficient in scavenging radicals DPPH•, superoxide anion, peroxyl, nitric oxide and peroxynitrite, and to reduce ferric ions. Although GA and TA exhibited similar inhibitory activity towards collagenase, TA was more potent in inhibit elastase. In addition, TA presented a broader UV absorption spectrum. Furthermore, TA treatment in UVB-irradiated cells attenuated redox imbalance, as observed by its ability to inhibit ROS production, NADPH oxidase activation and depletion of endogenous antioxidant defense system. Moreover, TA treatment prevented cellular photodamage and subsequently photoaging, by inhibiting lipid peroxidation, depolarization of mitochondrial transmembrane potential, DNA damage, and MMP-1 expression, a protein closely related to the structural degeneration of the dermis extracellular matrix. In conclusion, the results indicate the potential of TA in act as anti-photoaging agent, due to its potent antioxidant, anti-collagenase and anti-elastase activities, and UV-absorption effects, and its ability in prevent oxidative stress, oxidative damages and MMP-1 induction in UVB-irradiated L929 fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina G Daré
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Paraná, 87020900, Brazil
| | - Celso V Nakamura
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Paraná, 87020900, Brazil; Department of Basic Health Sciences, State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Paraná, 87020900, Brazil
| | - Valdecir F Ximenes
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, State University of São Paulo (UNESP), Bauru, São Paulo, 17033360, Brazil
| | - Sueli O S Lautenschlager
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Paraná, 87020900, Brazil; Department of Basic Health Sciences, State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Paraná, 87020900, Brazil.
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14
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Emerging Perspective: Role of Increased ROS and Redox Imbalance in Skin Carcinogenesis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:8127362. [PMID: 31636809 PMCID: PMC6766104 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8127362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Strategies to battle malignant tumors have always been a dynamic research endeavour. Although various vehicles (e.g., chemotherapeutic therapy, radiotherapy, surgical resection, etc.) are used for skin cancer management, they mostly remain unsatisfactory due to the complex mechanism of carcinogenesis. Increasing evidence indicates that redox imbalance and aberrant reactive oxygen species (ROS) are closely implicated in the oncogenesis of skin cancer. When ROS production goes beyond their clearance, excessive or accumulated ROS could disrupt redox balance, induce oxidative stress, and activate the altered ROS signals. These would damage cellular DNA, proteins, and lipids, further leading to gene mutation, cell hyperproliferation, and fatal lesions in cells that contribute to carcinogenesis in the skin. It has been known that ROS-mediated skin carcinogenesis involves multiple ways, including modulating related signaling pathways, changing cell metabolism, and causing the instability of the genome and epigenome. Nevertheless, the exact role of ROS in skin cancer has not been thoroughly elucidated. In spite of ROS inducing skin carcinogenesis, toxic-dose ROS could trigger cell death/apoptosis and, therefore, may be an efficient therapeutic tool to battle skin cancer. Considering the dual role of ROS in the carcinogenesis and treatment of skin cancer, it would be essential to clarify the relationship between ROS and skin cancer. Thus, in this review, we get the related data together to seek the connection between ROS and skin carcinogenesis. Besides, strategies basing on ROS to fight skin cancer are discussed.
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15
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Mahfouf W, Hosseini M, Muzotte E, Serrano-Sanchez M, Dousset L, Moisan F, Rachidi W, Taieb A, Rudolf J, Rezvani HR. Loss of Epidermal HIF-1α Blocks UVB-Induced Tumorigenesis by Affecting DNA Repair Capacity and Oxidative Stress. J Invest Dermatol 2019; 139:2016-2028.e7. [PMID: 30878676 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
HIF-1α is constitutively expressed in mouse and human epidermis. It plays a crucial role in skin physiology, including the response of keratinocytes to UVR. However, little information is available about its role in photocarcinogenesis. Using a multistage model of UVB radiation-induced skin cancer, we show that the knockout of Hif-1α in the epidermis prevents tumorigenesis but at the same time triggers the formation of hyperkeratotic plaques. Our results indicate that the absence of oncogenic transformation in Hif-1α-ablated mice is related to increased DNA repair in keratinocytes, whereas the formation of hyperkeratotic plaques is caused by an increase in the levels of reactive oxygen species. Indeed, impairing the DNA repair machinery by ablating xeroderma pigmentosum C restored the UVB-induced neoplastic transformation of Hif-1α-ablated keratinocytes, whereas the development of hyperkeratotic plaques was blocked by chronic antioxidant treatment. We conclude that HIF-1α plays a procarcinogenic role in UVB-induced tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walid Mahfouf
- University of Bordeaux, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Biothérapie des Maladies Génétiques Inflammatoires et Cancers, U1035, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Mohsen Hosseini
- University of Bordeaux, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Biothérapie des Maladies Génétiques Inflammatoires et Cancers, U1035, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Elodie Muzotte
- University of Bordeaux, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Biothérapie des Maladies Génétiques Inflammatoires et Cancers, U1035, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Martin Serrano-Sanchez
- University of Bordeaux, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Biothérapie des Maladies Génétiques Inflammatoires et Cancers, U1035, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Lea Dousset
- University of Bordeaux, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Biothérapie des Maladies Génétiques Inflammatoires et Cancers, U1035, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - François Moisan
- University of Bordeaux, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Biothérapie des Maladies Génétiques Inflammatoires et Cancers, U1035, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Walid Rachidi
- Nucleic Acids Lesions Laboratory, Service de Chimie Inorganique et Biologique/Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives, Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France
| | - Alain Taieb
- University of Bordeaux, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Biothérapie des Maladies Génétiques Inflammatoires et Cancers, U1035, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; Centre de Référence pour les Maladies Rares de la Peau, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, France; Département de Dermatologie & Dermatologie Pédiatrique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, France
| | - Jana Rudolf
- University of Bordeaux, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Biothérapie des Maladies Génétiques Inflammatoires et Cancers, U1035, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Hamid Reza Rezvani
- University of Bordeaux, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Biothérapie des Maladies Génétiques Inflammatoires et Cancers, U1035, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; Centre de Référence pour les Maladies Rares de la Peau, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, France.
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