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Lopes FBTP, Schlatzer D, Li M, Yilmaz S, Wang R, Qi X, Ayati M, Koyutürk M, Chance MR. Methionine Sulfoxide Speciation in Mouse Hippocampus Revealed by Global Proteomics Exhibits Age- and Alzheimer's Disease-Dependent Changes Targeted to Mitochondrial and Glycolytic Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6516. [PMID: 38928221 PMCID: PMC11203694 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Methionine oxidation to the sulfoxide form (MSox) is a poorly understood post-translational modification of proteins associated with non-specific chemical oxidation from reactive oxygen species (ROS), whose chemistries are linked to various disease pathologies, including neurodegeneration. Emerging evidence shows MSox site occupancy is, in some cases, under enzymatic regulatory control, mediating cellular signaling, including phosphorylation and/or calcium signaling, and raising questions as to the speciation and functional nature of MSox across the proteome. The 5XFAD lineage of the C57BL/6 mouse has well-defined Alzheimer's and aging states. Using this model, we analyzed age-, sex-, and disease-dependent MSox speciation in the mouse hippocampus. In addition, we explored the chemical stability and statistical variance of oxidized peptide signals to understand the needed power for MSox-based proteome studies. Our results identify mitochondrial and glycolytic pathway targets with increases in MSox with age as well as neuroinflammatory targets accumulating MSox with AD in proteome studies of the mouse hippocampus. Further, this paper establishes a foundation for reproducible and rigorous experimental MSox-omics appropriate for novel target identification in biological discovery and for biomarker analysis in ROS and other oxidation-linked diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Blasco Tavares Pereira Lopes
- Center for Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (F.B.T.P.L.); (D.S.); (M.K.)
| | - Daniela Schlatzer
- Center for Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (F.B.T.P.L.); (D.S.); (M.K.)
| | - Mengzhen Li
- Department of Computer and Data Sciences, Case School of Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (M.L.); (S.Y.)
| | - Serhan Yilmaz
- Department of Computer and Data Sciences, Case School of Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (M.L.); (S.Y.)
| | - Rihua Wang
- Center for Mitochondrial Diseases, Department of Physiology & Biophysics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (R.W.); (X.Q.)
| | - Xin Qi
- Center for Mitochondrial Diseases, Department of Physiology & Biophysics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (R.W.); (X.Q.)
| | - Marzieh Ayati
- Department of Computer Science, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA;
| | - Mehmet Koyutürk
- Center for Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (F.B.T.P.L.); (D.S.); (M.K.)
- Department of Computer and Data Sciences, Case School of Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (M.L.); (S.Y.)
| | - Mark R. Chance
- Center for Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (F.B.T.P.L.); (D.S.); (M.K.)
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Ilani T, Reznik N, Yeshaya N, Feldman T, Vilela P, Lansky Z, Javitt G, Shemesh M, Brenner O, Elkis Y, Varsano N, Jaramillo AM, Evans CM, Fass D. The disulfide catalyst QSOX1 maintains the colon mucosal barrier by regulating Golgi glycosyltransferases. EMBO J 2023; 42:e111869. [PMID: 36245281 PMCID: PMC9841341 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022111869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucus is made of enormous mucin glycoproteins that polymerize by disulfide crosslinking in the Golgi apparatus. QSOX1 is a catalyst of disulfide bond formation localized to the Golgi. Both QSOX1 and mucins are highly expressed in goblet cells of mucosal tissues, leading to the hypothesis that QSOX1 catalyzes disulfide-mediated mucin polymerization. We found that knockout mice lacking QSOX1 had impaired mucus barrier function due to production of defective mucus. However, an investigation on the molecular level revealed normal disulfide-mediated polymerization of mucins and related glycoproteins. Instead, we detected a drastic decrease in sialic acid in the gut mucus glycome of the QSOX1 knockout mice, leading to the discovery that QSOX1 forms regulatory disulfides in Golgi glycosyltransferases. Sialylation defects in the colon are known to cause colitis in humans. Here we show that QSOX1 redox control of sialylation is essential for maintaining mucosal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tal Ilani
- Department of Chemical and Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Nava Reznik
- Department of Chemical and Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Noa Yeshaya
- Department of Chemical and Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Tal Feldman
- Department of Chemical and Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Patrick Vilela
- Department of Chemical and Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Zipora Lansky
- Department of Chemical and Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Gabriel Javitt
- Department of Chemical and Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Michal Shemesh
- Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ori Brenner
- Department of Veterinary Resources, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Neta Varsano
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ana M Jaramillo
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Christopher M Evans
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.,Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Deborah Fass
- Department of Chemical and Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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Javitt G, Kinzel A, Reznik N, Fass D. Conformational switches and redox properties of the colon cancer-associated human lectin ZG16. FEBS J 2021; 288:6465-6475. [PMID: 34077620 PMCID: PMC9291870 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Zymogen granule membrane protein 16 (ZG16) is produced in organs that secrete large quantities of enzymes and other proteins into the digestive tract. ZG16 binds microbial pathogens, and lower ZG16 expression levels correlate with colorectal cancer, but the physiological function of the protein is poorly understood. One prominent attribute of ZG16 is its ability to bind glycans, but other aspects of the protein may also contribute to activity. An intriguing feature of ZG16 is a CXXC motif at the carboxy terminus. Here, we describe crystal structures and biochemical studies showing that the CXXC motif is on a flexible tail, where it contributes little to structure or stability but is available to engage in redox reactions. Specifically, we demonstrate that the ZG16 cysteine thiols can be oxidized to a disulfide by quiescin sulfhydryl oxidase 1, which is a sulfhydryl oxidase present together with ZG16 in the Golgi apparatus and in mucus, as well as by protein disulfide isomerase. ZG16 crystal structures also draw attention to a nonproline cis peptide bond that can isomerize within the protein and to the mobility of glycine‐rich loops in the glycan‐binding site. An understanding of the properties of the ZG16 CXXC motif and the discovery of internal conformational switches extend existing knowledge relating to the glycan‐binding activity of the protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Javitt
- Department of Chemical and Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Alisa Kinzel
- Department of Chemical and Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Nava Reznik
- Department of Chemical and Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Deborah Fass
- Department of Chemical and Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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Pędzinski T, Grzyb K, Skotnicki K, Filipiak P, Bobrowski K, Chatgilialoglu C, Marciniak B. Radiation- and Photo-Induced Oxidation Pathways of Methionine in Model Peptide Backbone under Anoxic Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094773. [PMID: 33946289 PMCID: PMC8125225 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Within the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by cellular metabolisms, hydroxyl radicals (HO•) play an important role, being the most aggressive towards biomolecules. The reactions of HO• with methionine residues (Met) in peptides and proteins have been intensively studied, but some fundamental aspects remain unsolved. In the present study we examined the biomimetic model made of Ac-Met-OMe, as the simplest model peptide backbone, and of HO• generated by ionizing radiation in aqueous solutions under anoxic conditions. We performed the identification and quantification of transient species by pulse radiolysis and of final products by LC-MS and high-resolution MS/MS after γ-radiolysis. By parallel photochemical experiments, using 3-carboxybenzophenone (CB) triplet with the model peptide, we compared the outcomes in terms of short-lived intermediates and stable product identification. The result is a detailed mechanistic scheme of Met oxidation by HO•, and by CB triplets allowed for assigning transient species to the pathways of products formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Pędzinski
- Center for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 10, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (T.P.); (P.F.)
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8, 61-614 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Grzyb
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8, 61-614 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Konrad Skotnicki
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 03-195 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Piotr Filipiak
- Center for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 10, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (T.P.); (P.F.)
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8, 61-614 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Krzysztof Bobrowski
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 03-195 Warsaw, Poland;
- Correspondence: (K.B.); (C.C.); (B.M.); Tel.: +48-22-504-1336 (K.B.); +48-61-829-1885 (B.M.)
| | - Chryssostomos Chatgilialoglu
- Center for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 10, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (T.P.); (P.F.)
- ISOF, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: (K.B.); (C.C.); (B.M.); Tel.: +48-22-504-1336 (K.B.); +48-61-829-1885 (B.M.)
| | - Bronislaw Marciniak
- Center for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 10, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (T.P.); (P.F.)
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8, 61-614 Poznan, Poland;
- Correspondence: (K.B.); (C.C.); (B.M.); Tel.: +48-22-504-1336 (K.B.); +48-61-829-1885 (B.M.)
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