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Boyd MC, Burdette JH, Miller ME, Lyday RG, Hugenschmidt CE, Jack Rejeski W, Simpson SL, Baker LD, Tomlinson CE, Kritchevsky SB, Laurienti PJ. Association of physical function with connectivity in the sensorimotor and dorsal attention networks: why examining specific components of physical function matters. GeroScience 2024:10.1007/s11357-024-01251-8. [PMID: 38967698 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01251-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Declining physical function with aging is associated with structural and functional brain network organization. Gaining a greater understanding of network associations may be useful for targeting interventions that are designed to slow or prevent such decline. Our previous work demonstrated that the Short Physical Performance Battery (eSPPB) score and body mass index (BMI) exhibited a statistical interaction in their associations with connectivity in the sensorimotor cortex (SMN) and the dorsal attention network (DAN). The current study examined if components of the eSPPB have unique associations with these brain networks. Functional magnetic resonance imaging was performed on 192 participants in the BNET study, a longitudinal and observational trial of community-dwelling adults aged 70 or older. Functional brain networks were generated for resting state and during a motor imagery task. Regression analyses were performed between eSPPB component scores (gait speed, complex gait speed, static balance, and lower extremity strength) and BMI with SMN and DAN connectivity. Gait speed, complex gait speed, and lower extremity strength significantly interacted with BMI in their association with SMN at rest. Gait speed and complex gait speed were interacted with BMI in the DAN at rest while complex gait speed, static balance, and lower extremity strength interacted with BMI in the DAN during motor imagery. Results demonstrate that different components of physical function, such as balance or gait speed and BMI, are associated with unique aspects of brain network organization. Gaining a greater mechanistic understanding of the associations between low physical function, body mass, and brain physiology may lead to the development of treatments that not only target specific physical function limitations but also specific brain networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline C Boyd
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Jonathan H Burdette
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Michael E Miller
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Robert G Lyday
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Christina E Hugenschmidt
- Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Department of Internal Medicine Section On Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - W Jack Rejeski
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Sean L Simpson
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Laura D Baker
- Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Department of Internal Medicine Section On Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Chal E Tomlinson
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Janssen R&D of Johnson & Johnson, Raritan, NJ, USA
| | - Stephen B Kritchevsky
- Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Department of Internal Medicine Section On Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Paul J Laurienti
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
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Fan Y, White SR. Review of weighted exponential random graph models frameworks applied to neuroimaging. Stat Med 2024. [PMID: 38932498 DOI: 10.1002/sim.10162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Neuro-imaging data can often be represented as statistical networks, especially for functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data, where brain regions are defined as nodes and the functional interactions between those regions are taken as edges. Such networks are commonly divided into classes depending on the type of edges, namely binary or weighted. A binary network means edges can either be present or absent. Whereas the edges of a weighted network are associated with weight values, and fMRI networks belong to weighted networks. Statistical methods are often adopted to analyse such networks, among which, the exponential random graph model (ERGM) is an important network analysis approach. Typically ERGMs are applied to binary networks, and weighted networks often need to be binarised by arbitrarily selecting a threshold value to define the presence of the edges, which can lead to non-robustness and loss of valuable edge weight information representing the strength of fMRI interaction in fMRI networks. While it is therefore important to gain deeper insight in adopting ERGM on weighted networks, there only exists a few different ERGM frameworks for weighted networks; some of these are not directly implementable on fMRI networks based on their original proposal. We systematically review, implement, analyse and compare five such frameworks via a simulation study and provide guidelines on each modelling framework as well as conclude the suitability of them on fMRI networks based on a range of criteria. We concluded that Multi-Layered ERGM is currently the most suitable framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yefeng Fan
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Simon R White
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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He D, Sikora WA, James SA, Williamson JN, Lepak LV, Cheema CF, Sidorov E, Li S, Yang Y. Alteration in Resting-State Brain Activity in Stroke Survivors After Repetitive Finger Stimulation. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2024; 103:395-400. [PMID: 38261754 PMCID: PMC11031333 DOI: 10.1097/phm.0000000000002393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This quasi-experimental study examined the effect of repetitive finger stimulation on brain activation in eight stroke and seven control subjects, measured by quantitative electroencephalogram. METHODS We applied 5 mins of 2-Hz repetitive bilateral index finger transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and compared differences pre- and post-transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation using quantitative electroencephalogram metrics delta/alpha ratio and delta-theta/alpha-beta ratio. RESULTS Between-group differences before and after stimulation were significantly different in the delta/alpha ratio ( z = -2.88, P = 0.0040) and the delta-theta/alpha-beta ratio variables ( z = -3.90 with P < 0.0001). Significant decrease in the delta/alpha ratio and delta-theta/alpha-beta ratio variables after the transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation was detected only in the stroke group (delta/alpha ratio diff = 3.87, P = 0.0211) (delta-theta/alpha-beta ratio diff = 1.19, P = 0.0074). CONCLUSIONS The decrease in quantitative electroencephalogram metrics in the stroke group may indicate improved brain activity after transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation. This finding may pave the way for a future novel therapy based on transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and quantitative electroencephalogram measures to improve brain recovery after stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothy He
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, College of Medicine, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - William A. Sikora
- University of Oklahoma, Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, Norman, Oklahoma
| | - Shirley A. James
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Hudson College of Public Health, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Jordan N. Williamson
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Bioengineering, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Louis V. Lepak
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Tulsa, Oklahoma
| | - Carolyn F. Cheema
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Tulsa, Oklahoma
| | - Evgeny Sidorov
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Department of Neurology, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Sheng Li
- UT Health Huston McGovern Medical School, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Houston, Texas
| | - Yuan Yang
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Bioengineering, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Tulsa, Oklahoma
- Carle Foundation Hospital, Clinical Imaging Research Center, Stephenson Family Clinical Research Institute, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61820, USA
- Northwestern University, Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Yordanova J, Falkenstein M, Kolev V. Aging alters functional connectivity of motor theta networks during sensorimotor reactions. Clin Neurophysiol 2024; 158:137-148. [PMID: 38219403 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2023.12.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Both cognitive and primary motor networks alter with advancing age in humans. The networks activated in response to external environmental stimuli supported by theta oscillations remain less well explored. The present study aimed to characterize the effects of aging on the functional connectivity of response-related theta networks during sensorimotor tasks. METHODS Electroencephalographic signals were recorded in young and middle-to-older age adults during three tasks performed in two modalities, auditory and visual: a simple reaction task, a Go-NoGo task, and a choice-reaction task. Response-related theta oscillations were computed. The phase-locking value (PLV) was used to analyze the spatial synchronization of primary motor and motor control theta networks. RESULTS Performance was overall preserved in older adults. Independently of the task, aging was associated with reorganized connectivity of the contra-lateral primary motor cortex. In younger adults, it was synchronized with motor control regions (intra-hemispheric premotor/frontal and medial frontal). In older adults, it was only synchronized with intra-hemispheric sensorimotor regions. CONCLUSIONS Motor theta networks of older adults manifest a functional decoupling between the response-generating motor cortex and motor control regions, which was not modulated by task variables. The overall preserved performance in older adults suggests that the increased connectivity within the sensorimotor network is associated with an excessive reliance on sensorimotor feedback during movement execution compensating for a deficient cognitive regulation of motor regions during sensorimotor reactions. SIGNIFICANCE New evidence is provided for the reorganization of motor networks during sensorimotor reactions already at the transition from middle to old age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Yordanova
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | | | - Vasil Kolev
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
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Samantaray T, Gupta U, Saini J, Gupta CN. Unique Brain Network Identification Number for Parkinson's and Healthy Individuals Using Structural MRI. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1297. [PMID: 37759898 PMCID: PMC10526827 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13091297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We propose a novel algorithm called Unique Brain Network Identification Number (UBNIN) for encoding the brain networks of individual subjects. To realize this objective, we employed structural MRI on 180 Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and 70 healthy controls (HC) from the National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, India. We parcellated each subject's brain volume and constructed an individual adjacency matrix using the correlation between the gray matter volumes of every pair of regions. The unique code is derived from values representing connections for every node (i), weighted by a factor of 2-(i-1). The numerical representation (UBNIN) was observed to be distinct for each individual brain network, which may also be applied to other neuroimaging modalities. UBNIN ranges observed for PD were 15,360 to 17,768,936,615,460,608, and HC ranges were 12,288 to 17,733,751,438,064,640. This model may be implemented as a neural signature of a person's unique brain connectivity, thereby making it useful for brainprinting applications. Additionally, we segregated the above datasets into five age cohorts: A: ≤32 years (n1 = 4, n2 = 5), B: 33-42 years (n1 = 18, n2 = 14), C: 43-52 years (n1 = 42, n2 = 23), D: 53-62 years (n1 = 69, n2 = 22), and E: ≥63 years (n1 = 46, n2 = 6), where n1 and n2 are the number of individuals in PD and HC, respectively, to study the variation in network topology over age. Sparsity was adopted as the threshold estimate to binarize each age-based correlation matrix. Connectivity metrics were obtained using Brain Connectivity toolbox (Version 2019-03-03)-based MATLAB (R2020a) functions. For each age cohort, a decreasing trend was observed in the mean clustering coefficient with increasing sparsity. Significantly different clustering coefficients were noted in PD between age-cohort B and C (sparsity: 0.63, 0.66), C and E (sparsity: 0.66, 0.69), and in HC between E and B (sparsity: 0.75 and above 0.81), E and C (sparsity above 0.78), E and D (sparsity above 0.84), and C and D (sparsity: 0.9). Our findings suggest network connectivity patterns change with age, indicating network disruption may be due to the underlying neuropathology. Varying clustering coefficients for different cohorts indicate that information transfer between neighboring nodes changes with age. This provides evidence of age-related brain shrinkage and network degeneration. We also discuss limitations and provide an open-access link to software codes and a help file for the entire study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanmayee Samantaray
- Neural Engineering Lab, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India; (T.S.)
| | - Utsav Gupta
- Neural Engineering Lab, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India; (T.S.)
| | - Jitender Saini
- Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Radiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru 560029, India;
| | - Cota Navin Gupta
- Neural Engineering Lab, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India; (T.S.)
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Laurienti PJ, Miller ME, Lyday RG, Boyd MC, Tanase AD, Burdette JH, Hugenschmidt CE, Rejeski WJ, Simpson SL, Baker LD, Tomlinson CE, Kritchevsky SB. Associations of physical function and body mass index with functional brain networks in community-dwelling older adults. Neurobiol Aging 2023; 127:43-53. [PMID: 37054493 PMCID: PMC10227726 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2023.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Deficits in physical function that occur with aging contribute to declines in quality of life and increased mortality. There has been a growing interest in examining associations between physical function and neurobiology. Whereas high levels of white matter disease have been found in individuals with mobility impairments in structural brain studies, much less is known about the relationship between physical function and functional brain networks. Even less is known about the association between modifiable risk factors such as body mass index (BMI) and functional brain networks. The current study examined baseline functional brain networks in 192 individuals from the Brain Networks and mobility (B-NET) study, an ongoing longitudinal, observational study in community-dwelling adults aged 70 and older. Physical function and BMI were found to be associated with sensorimotor and dorsal attention network connectivity. There was a synergistic interaction such that high physical function and low BMI were associated with the highest network integrity. White matter disease did not modify these relationships. Future work is needed to understand the causal direction of these relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Laurienti
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
| | - Michael E Miller
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Robert G Lyday
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Madeline C Boyd
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Alexis D Tanase
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Jonathan H Burdette
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Christina E Hugenschmidt
- Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Department of Internal Medicine Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - W Jack Rejeski
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Sean L Simpson
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Laura D Baker
- Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Department of Internal Medicine Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Chal E Tomlinson
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Stephen B Kritchevsky
- Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Department of Internal Medicine Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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