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Trencsényi G, Képes Z. Scandium-44: Diagnostic Feasibility in Tumor-Related Angiogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087400. [PMID: 37108559 PMCID: PMC10138813 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis-related cell-surface molecules, including integrins, aminopeptidase N, vascular endothelial growth factor, and gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR), play a crucial role in tumour formation. Radiolabelled imaging probes targeting angiogenic biomarkers serve as valuable vectors in tumour identification. Nowadays, there is a growing interest in novel radionuclides other than gallium-68 (68Ga) or copper-64 (64Cu) to establish selective radiotracers for the imaging of tumour-associated neo-angiogenesis. Given its ideal decay characteristics (Eβ+average: 632 KeV) and a half-life (T1/2 = 3.97 h) that is well matched to the pharmacokinetic profile of small molecules targeting angiogenesis, scandium-44 (44Sc) has gained meaningful attention as a promising radiometal for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. More recently, intensive research has been centered around the investigation of 44Sc-labelled angiogenesis-directed radiopharmaceuticals. Previous studies dealt with the evaluation of 44Sc-appended avb3 integrin-affine Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) tripeptides, GRPR-selective aminobenzoyl-bombesin analogue (AMBA), and hypoxia-associated nitroimidazole derivatives in the identification of various cancers using experimental tumour models. Given the tumour-related hypoxia- and angiogenesis-targeting capability of these PET probes, 44Sc seems to be a strong competitor of the currently used positron emitters in radiotracer development. In this review, we summarize the preliminary preclinical achievements with 44Sc-labelled angiogenesis-specific molecular probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- György Trencsényi
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zita Képes
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
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2
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KSNM60: The History of Radiopharmaceutical Sciences in Korea. Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2022; 56:114-126. [DOI: 10.1007/s13139-022-00744-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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3
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PET imaging of pancreatic cancer. Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-822960-6.00207-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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4
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Lee JS, Kim KM, Choi Y, Kim HJ. A Brief History of Nuclear Medicine Physics, Instrumentation, and Data Sciences in Korea. Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2021; 55:265-284. [PMID: 34868376 DOI: 10.1007/s13139-021-00721-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We review the history of nuclear medicine physics, instrumentation, and data sciences in Korea to commemorate the 60th anniversary of the Korean Society of Nuclear Medicine. In the 1970s and 1980s, the development of SPECT, nuclear stethoscope, and bone densitometry systems, as well as kidney and cardiac image analysis technology, marked the beginning of nuclear medicine physics and engineering in Korea. With the introduction of PET and cyclotron in Korea in 1994, nuclear medicine imaging research was further activated. With the support of large-scale government projects, the development of gamma camera, SPECT, and PET systems was carried out. Exploiting the use of PET scanners in conjunction with cyclotrons, extensive studies on myocardial blood flow quantification and brain image analysis were also actively pursued. In 2005, Korea's first domestic cyclotron succeeded in producing radioactive isotopes, and the cyclotron was provided to six universities and university hospitals, thereby facilitating the nationwide supply of PET radiopharmaceuticals. Since the late 2000s, research on PET/MRI has been actively conducted, and the advanced research results of Korean scientists in the fields of silicon photomultiplier PET and simultaneous PET/MRI have attracted significant attention from the academic community. Currently, Korean researchers are actively involved in endeavors to solve a variety of complex problems in nuclear medicine using artificial intelligence and deep learning technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Sung Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080 Korea
| | - Kyeong Min Kim
- Department of Isotopic Drug Development, Korea Radioisotope Center for Pharmaceuticals, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Choi
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee-Joung Kim
- Department of Radiological Science, Yonsei University, Wonju, Korea
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5
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Notohamiprodjo S, Varasteh Z, Beer AJ, Niu G, Chen X(S, Weber W, Schwaiger M. Tumor Vasculature. Mol Imaging 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-816386-3.00090-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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6
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Ebenhan T, Kleynhans J, Zeevaart JR, Jeong JM, Sathekge M. Non-oncological applications of RGD-based single-photon emission tomography and positron emission tomography agents. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2020; 48:1414-1433. [PMID: 32918574 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-020-04975-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Non-invasive imaging techniques (especially single-photon emission tomography and positron emission tomography) apply several RGD-based imaging ligands developed during a vast number of preclinical and clinical investigations. The RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) sequence is a binding moiety for a large selection of adhesive extracellular matrix and cell surface proteins. Since the first identification of this sequence as the shortest sequence required for recognition in fibronectin during the 1980s, fundamental research regarding the molecular mechanisms of integrin action have paved the way for development of several pharmaceuticals and radiopharmaceuticals with clinical applications. Ligands recognizing RGD may be developed for use in the monitoring of these interactions (benign or pathological). Although RGD-based molecular imaging has been actively investigated for oncological purposes, their utilization towards non-oncology applications remains relatively under-exploited. METHODS AND SCOPE This review highlights the new non-oncologic applications of RGD-based tracers (with the focus on single-photon emission tomography and positron emission tomography). The focus is on the last 10 years of scientific literature (2009-2020). It is proposed that these imaging agents will be used for off-label indications that may provide options for disease monitoring where there are no approved tracers available, for instance Crohn's disease or osteoporosis. Fundamental science investigations have made progress in elucidating the involvement of integrin in various diseases not pertaining to oncology. Furthermore, RGD-based radiopharmaceuticals have been evaluated extensively for safety during clinical evaluations of various natures. CONCLUSION Clinical translation of non-oncological applications for RGD-based radiopharmaceuticals and other imaging tracers without going through time-consuming extensive development is therefore highly plausible. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Ebenhan
- Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa. .,Nuclear Medicine Research Infrastructure, NPC, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa.
| | - Janke Kleynhans
- Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa.,Nuclear Medicine Research Infrastructure, NPC, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
| | - Jan Rijn Zeevaart
- Nuclear Medicine Research Infrastructure, NPC, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa.,DST/NWU Preclinical Drug Development Platform, North-West University, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
| | - Jae Min Jeong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehangno Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744, South Korea
| | - Mike Sathekge
- Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
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7
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Viitanen R, Moisio O, Lankinen P, Li XG, Koivumäki M, Suilamo S, Tolvanen T, Taimen K, Mali M, Kohonen I, Koskivirta I, Oikonen V, Virtanen H, Santalahti K, Autio A, Saraste A, Pirilä L, Nuutila P, Knuuti J, Jalkanen S, Roivainen A. First-in-Humans Study of 68Ga-DOTA-Siglec-9, a PET Ligand Targeting Vascular Adhesion Protein 1. J Nucl Med 2020; 62:577-583. [PMID: 32817143 PMCID: PMC8049366 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.120.250696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Sialic acid–binding immunoglubulinlike lectin 9 (Siglec-9) is a ligand of vascular adhesion protein 1. A 68Ga-labeled peptide of Siglec-9, 68Ga-DOTA-Siglec-9, holds promise as a novel PET tracer for imaging of inflammation. This first-in-humans study investigated the safety, tolerability, biodistribution, and radiation dosimetry of this radiopharmaceutical. Methods: Six healthy men underwent dynamic whole-body PET/CT. Serial venous blood samples were drawn from 1 to 240 min after intravenous injection of 162 ± 4 MBq of 68Ga-DOTA-Siglec-9. In addition to γ-counting, the plasma samples were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography to detect intact tracer and radioactive metabolites. Radiation doses were calculated using the OLINDA/EXM software, version 2.2. In addition, a patient with early rheumatoid arthritis was studied with both 68Ga-DOTA-Siglec-9 and 18F-FDG PET/CT to determine the ability of the new tracer to detect arthritis. Results:68Ga-DOTA-Siglec-9 was well tolerated by all subjects. 68Ga-DOTA-Siglec-9 was rapidly cleared from the blood circulation, and several radioactive metabolites were detected. The organs with the highest absorbed doses were the urinary bladder wall (0.38 mSv/MBq) and kidneys (0.054 mSv/MBq). The mean effective dose was 0.022 mSv/MBq (range, 0.020–0.024 mSv/MBq). Most importantly, however, 68Ga-DOTA-Siglec-9 was comparable to 18F-FDG in detecting arthritis. Conclusion: Intravenous injection of 68Ga-DOTA-Siglec-9 was safe and biodistribution was favorable for testing of the tracer in larger group of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, as is planned for the next phase of clinical trials. The effective radiation dose of 68Ga-DOTA-Siglec-9 was within the same range as the effective radiation doses of other 68Ga-labeled tracers. Injection of 150 MBq of 68Ga-DOTA-Siglec-9 would expose a subject to 3.3 mSv. These findings support the possible repeated clinical use of 68Ga-DOTA-Siglec-9, such as in trials to elucidate the treatment efficacy of novel drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olli Moisio
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Petteri Lankinen
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Xiang-Guo Li
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Sami Suilamo
- Department of Medical Physics, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.,Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Tuula Tolvanen
- Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.,Department of Medical Physics, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Kirsi Taimen
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Markku Mali
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Ia Kohonen
- Department of Radiology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Ilpo Koskivirta
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Vesa Oikonen
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | | | - Anu Autio
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; and
| | - Antti Saraste
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.,Heart Center, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Laura Pirilä
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Pirjo Nuutila
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Juhani Knuuti
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Sirpa Jalkanen
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; and
| | - Anne Roivainen
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland .,Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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8
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Radiosynthesis and preclinical evaluation of [ 68Ga]Ga-NOTA-folate for PET imaging of folate receptor β-positive macrophages. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13593. [PMID: 32788595 PMCID: PMC7423886 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70394-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Folate receptor β (FR-β), a marker expressed on macrophages, is a promising target for imaging of inflammation. Here, we report the radiosynthesis and preclinical evaluation of [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-folate (68Ga-FOL). After determining the affinity of 68Ga-FOL using cells expressing FR-β, we studied atherosclerotic mice with 68Ga-FOL and 18F-FDG PET/CT. In addition, we studied tracer distribution and co-localization with macrophages in aorta cryosections using autoradiography, histology, and immunostaining. The specificity of 68Ga-FOL was assessed in a blocking study with folate glucosamine. As a final step, human radiation doses were extrapolated from rat PET data. We were able to produce 68Ga-FOL with high radiochemical purity and moderate molar activity. Cell binding studies revealed that 68Ga-FOL had 5.1 nM affinity for FR-β. Myocardial uptake of 68Ga-FOL was 20-fold lower than that of 18F-FDG. Autoradiography and immunohistochemistry of the aorta revealed that 68Ga-FOL radioactivity co-localized with Mac-3–positive macrophage-rich atherosclerotic plaques. The plaque-to-healthy vessel wall ratio of 68Ga-FOL was significantly higher than that of 18F-FDG. Blocking studies verified that 68Ga-FOL was specific for FR. Based on estimations from rat data, the human effective dose was 0.0105 mSv/MBq. Together, these findings show that 68Ga-FOL represents a promising new FR-β–targeted tracer for imaging macrophage-associated inflammation.
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9
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Moradi F, Iagaru A. The Role of Positron Emission Tomography in Pancreatic Cancer and Gallbladder Cancer. Semin Nucl Med 2020; 50:434-446. [PMID: 32768007 DOI: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2020.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
18F-FDG-PET is complementary to conventional imaging in patients with clinical suspicion for exocrine pancreatic malignancies. It has similar if not superior sensitivity and specificity for detection of cancer, and when combined with contrast enhanced anatomic imaging of the abdomen, can improve diagnostic accuracy and aid in staging, assessment for resectability, radiation therapy planning, and prognostication. Various metabolic pathways affect FDG uptake in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. The degree of uptake reflects histopathology, aggressiveness, metastatic potential, and metabolic profile of malignant cell and their interaction with cancer stroma. After treatment, FDG-PET is useful for detection of residual or recurrent cancer and can be used to assess and monitor response to therapy in unresectable or metastatic disease. The degree and pattern of uptake combined with other imaging features are useful in characterization of incidental pancreatic lesions and benign processes such as inflammation. Several novel PET radiopharmaceuticals have been developed to improve detection and management of pancreatic cancer. Gallbladder carcinoma is typically FDG avid and when anatomic imaging is equivocal PET can be used to assess metastatic involvement with high specificity and inform subsequent management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farshad Moradi
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA.
| | - Andrei Iagaru
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
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10
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Vatsa R, Shukla J, Kumar S, Chakraboarty S, Dash A, Singh G, Mittal BR. Effect of Macro-Cyclic Bifunctional Chelators DOTA and NODAGA on Radiolabeling and In Vivo Biodistribution of Ga-68 Cyclic RGD Dimer. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2019; 34:427-435. [DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2019.2811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rakhee Vatsa
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Jaya Shukla
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Ashutosh Dash
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Gurpreet Singh
- Department of General Surgery, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Bhagwant Rai Mittal
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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11
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Deep-dose: a voxel dose estimation method using deep convolutional neural network for personalized internal dosimetry. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10308. [PMID: 31311963 PMCID: PMC6635490 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46620-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Personalized dosimetry with high accuracy is crucial owing to the growing interests in personalized medicine. The direct Monte Carlo simulation is considered as a state-of-art voxel-based dosimetry technique; however, it incurs an excessive computational cost and time. To overcome the limitations of the direct Monte Carlo approach, we propose using a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) for the voxel dose prediction. PET and CT image patches were used as inputs for the CNN with the given ground truth from direct Monte Carlo. The predicted voxel dose rate maps from the CNN were compared with the ground truth and dose rate maps generated voxel S-value (VSV) kernel convolution method, which is one of the common voxel-based dosimetry techniques. The CNN-based dose rate map agreed well with the ground truth with voxel dose rate errors of 2.54% ± 2.09%. The VSV kernel approach showed a voxel error of 9.97% ± 1.79%. In the whole-body dosimetry study, the average organ absorbed dose errors were 1.07%, 9.43%, and 34.22% for the CNN, VSV, and OLINDA/EXM dosimetry software, respectively. The proposed CNN-based dosimetry method showed improvements compared to the conventional dosimetry approaches and showed results comparable with that of the direct Monte Carlo simulation with significantly lower calculation time.
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12
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Debordeaux F, Chansel-Debordeaux L, Pinaquy JB, Fernandez P, Schulz J. What about αvβ3 integrins in molecular imaging in oncology? Nucl Med Biol 2018; 62-63:31-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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13
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Lobeek D, Franssen GM, Ma MT, Wester HJ, Decristoforo C, Oyen WJG, Boerman OC, Terry SYA, Rijpkema M. In Vivo Characterization of 4 68Ga-Labeled Multimeric RGD Peptides to Image α vβ 3 Integrin Expression in 2 Human Tumor Xenograft Mouse Models. J Nucl Med 2018; 59:1296-1301. [PMID: 29626124 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.117.206979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
αvβ3 integrins play an important role in angiogenesis and cell migration in cancer and are highly expressed on the activated endothelial cells of newly formed blood vessels. Here, we compare the targeting characteristics of 4 68Ga-labeled multimeric cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartate (RGD)-based tracers in an αvβ3 integrin-expressing tumor model and a tumor model in which αvβ3 integrin is expressed solely on the neovasculature. Methods: Female BALB/c nude mice were subcutaneously injected with SK-RC-52 (αvβ3 integrin-positive) or FaDu (αvβ3 integrin-negative) tumor cells. 68Ga-labeled DOTA-(RGD)2, TRAP-(RGD)3, FSC-(RGD)3, or THP-(RGD)3 was intravenously administered to the mice (0.5 nmol per mouse, 10-20 MBq), followed by small-animal PET/CT imaging and ex vivo biodistribution studies 1 h after injection. Nonspecific uptake of the tracers in both models was determined by coinjecting an excess of unlabeled DOTA-(RGD)2 (50 nmol) along with the radiolabeled tracers. Results: Imaging and biodistribution data showed specific uptake in the tumors for each tracer in both models. Tumor uptake of 68Ga-FSC-(RGD)3 was significantly higher than that of 68Ga-DOTA-(RGD)2, 68Ga-TRAP-(RGD)3, or 68Ga-THP-(RGD)3 in the SK-RC-52 model but not in the FaDu model, in which 68Ga-FSC-(RGD)3 showed significantly higher tumor uptake than 68Ga-TRAP-(RGD)3 Most importantly, differences were also observed in normal tissues and in tumor-to-blood ratios. Conclusion: All tracers showed sufficient targeting of αvβ3 integrin expression to allow for tumor detection. Although the highest tumor uptake was found for 68Ga-FSC-(RGD)3 and 68Ga-THP-(RGD)3 in the SK-RC-52 and FaDu models, respectively, selection of the optimal tracer for specific diagnostic applications also depends on tumor-to-blood ratio and uptake in normal tissues; these factors should therefore also be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphne Lobeek
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerben M Franssen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Michelle T Ma
- Department of Imaging Chemistry and Biology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hans-Jürgen Wester
- Pharmazeutische Radiochemie, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
| | - Clemens Decristoforo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; and
| | - Wim J G Oyen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Trust, Department of Nuclear Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Otto C Boerman
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Samantha Y A Terry
- Department of Imaging Chemistry and Biology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Rijpkema
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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14
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Sivapackiam J, Laforest R, Sharma V. 68 Ga[Ga]-Galmydar: Biodistribution and radiation dosimetry studies in rodents. Nucl Med Biol 2018; 59:29-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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15
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Jeon S, Lee CO. A CT metal artifact reduction algorithm based on sinogram surgery. JOURNAL OF X-RAY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2018; 26:413-434. [PMID: 29562579 DOI: 10.3233/xst-17336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Streak artifacts in computed tomography (CT) images caused by metallic objects limit the wider use of CT imaging technologies. There have been various attempts to improve CT images containing streak artifacts; however, most of them generate additional artifacts or do not completely eradicate existing artifacts. OBJECTIVE In this paper, we propose a novel algorithm which reduces streak artifacts in CT images. METHODS Using CT numbers reconstructed from a given sinogram, we extract the metal part M and the surrounding area C with similar CT numbers. By filling in the area C ∪ M with the evaluated average CT number of C, we obtain a modified CT image. Using forward projection of the modified CT image, we generate a sinogram containing information about the anatomical structure. We undertake sinogram surgery to remove the metallic effects from the sinogram, after which we repeat the procedure. RESULTS We perform numerical experiments using various simulated phantoms and patient images. For a quantitative analysis, we use the relative l∞ error and the relative l2 error. In simulated phantom experiments, all l∞ errors and l2 errors approach 10% and 1% of the initial errors, respectively. Moreover, for the patient image simulations, all l∞ errors are decreased by a factor of 20 while the l2 errors are decreased less than 5%. We observe that the proposed algorithm effectively reduces the metal artifacts. CONCLUSIONS In this paper, we propose a metal artifact reduction algorithm based on sinogram surgery to reduce metal artifacts without additional artifacts. We also provide empirical convergence of our algorithm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soomin Jeon
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Chang-Ock Lee
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon, Korea
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16
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Lee MS, Kim JH, Paeng JC, Kang KW, Jeong JM, Lee DS, Lee JS. Whole-Body Voxel-Based Personalized Dosimetry: The Multiple Voxel S-Value Approach for Heterogeneous Media with Nonuniform Activity Distributions. J Nucl Med 2017; 59:1133-1139. [DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.117.201095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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17
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Shu S, Zhang L, Zhu YC, Li F, Cui LY, Wang H, Sun Y, Wu PL, Zhu ZH, Peng B. Imaging angiogenesis using 68Ga-NOTA-PRGD2 positron emission tomography/computed tomography in patients with severe intracranial atherosclerotic disease. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2017; 37:3401-3408. [PMID: 28273724 PMCID: PMC5624394 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x17696322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a critical compensation route, which has been demonstrated in the brain following ischemic stroke; however, few studies have investigated angiogenesis in chronic intracranial atherosclerosis disease (ICAD). We used 68Ga-NOTA-PRGD2 positron emission tomography/computed tomography based imaging to detect angiogenesis in chronic ICAD and to explore the factors that may have affected it. A total of 21 participants with unilateral severe chronic ICAD were included in the study. Of the 21 participants, 19 were men; the mean (SD) age was 52 (15) years. In 18 participants, we observed elevated 68Ga-NOTA-PRGD2 uptake in the peri-infarct, subcortical, and periventricular regions of the lesioned side, with a higher 68Ga-NOTA-PRGD2 SUVmax compared to that in the contralateral hemisphere (0.15 vs. 0.06, p=0.001). The 18F-FDG PET SUVmax was significantly lower on the lesioned side (11.28 vs. 13.92, p=0.001). Subgroup analyses revealed that the recent group (<6 months) had a higher lesion-to-contralateral region ratio SUVmax than the remote group (>6 months) (6.73 vs. 2.36, p<0.05). Our results provide molecular imaging evidence of angiogenesis in patients with severe chronic ICAD. Furthermore, the extent of angiogenesis in chronic ICAD may be affected by the post-qualified event time interval, and not by infarction itself or the severity of the arterial lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Shu
- 1 Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Li Zhang
- 1 Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Cheng Zhu
- 1 Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Li
- 2 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Li Ying Cui
- 1 Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Wang
- 2 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Sun
- 2 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Pei Lin Wu
- 2 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,3 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Dong Zhi Men Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhao Hui Zhu
- 2 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Peng
- 1 Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Exploring the Role of RGD-Recognizing Integrins in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2017; 9:cancers9090116. [PMID: 28869579 PMCID: PMC5615331 DOI: 10.3390/cancers9090116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 277] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrins are key regulators of communication between cells and with their microenvironment. Eight members of the integrin superfamily recognize the tripeptide motif Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) within extracelluar matrix (ECM) proteins. These integrins constitute an important subfamily and play a major role in cancer progression and metastasis via their tumor biological functions. Such transmembrane adhesion and signaling receptors are thus recognized as promising and well accessible targets for novel diagnostic and therapeutic applications for directly attacking cancer cells and their fatal microenvironment. Recently, specific small peptidic and peptidomimetic ligands as well as antibodies binding to distinct integrin subtypes have been developed and synthesized as new drug candidates for cancer treatment. Understanding the distinct functions and interplay of integrin subtypes is a prerequisite for selective intervention in integrin-mediated diseases. Integrin subtype-specific ligands labelled with radioisotopes or fluorescent molecules allows the characterization of the integrin patterns in vivo and later the medical intervention via subtype specific drugs. The coating of nanoparticles, larger proteins, or encapsulating agents by integrin ligands are being explored to guide cytotoxic reagents directly to the cancer cell surface. These ligands are currently under investigation in clinical studies for their efficacy in interference with tumor cell adhesion, migration/invasion, proliferation, signaling, and survival, opening new treatment approaches in personalized medicine.
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19
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Jackson IM, Scott PJ, Thompson S. Clinical Applications of Radiolabeled Peptides for PET. Semin Nucl Med 2017; 47:493-523. [DOI: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2017.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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20
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Abstract
Background Integrin-targeting radiopharmaceuticals have potential broad applications, spanning from cancer theranostics to cardiovascular diseases. We have previously reported preclinical dosimetry results of 68Ga-NODAGA-RGDyK in mice. This study presents the first human dosimetry of 68Ga-NODAGA-RGDyK in the five consecutive patients included in a clinical imaging protocol of carotid atherosclerotic plaques. Five male patients underwent whole-body time-of-flight (TOF) PET/CT scans 10, 60 and 120 min after tracer injection (200 MBq). Quantification of 68Ga activity concentration was first validated by a phantom study. To be used as input in OLINDA/EXM, time-activity curves were derived from manually drawn regions of interest over the following organs: brain, thyroid, lungs, heart, liver, spleen, stomach, kidneys, red marrow, pancreas, small intestine, colon, urinary bladder and whole body. A separate dosimetric analysis was performed for the choroid plexuses. Female dosimetry was extrapolated from male data. Effective doses (EDs) were estimated according to both ICRP60 and ICRP103 assuming 30-min and 1-h voiding cycles. Results The body regions receiving the highest dose were urinary bladder, kidneys and choroid plexuses. For a 30-min voiding cycle, the EDs were 15.7 and 16.5 μSv/MBq according to ICRP60 and ICRP103, respectively. The extrapolation to female dosimetry resulted in organ absorbed doses 17% higher than those of male patients, on average. The 1-h voiding cycle extrapolation resulted in EDs of 19.3 and 19.8 μSv/MBq according to ICRP60 and ICRP103, respectively. A comparison is made with previous mouse dosimetry and with other human studies employing different RGD-based radiopharmaceuticals. Conclusions According to ICRP60/ICRP103 recommendations, an injection of 200 MBq 68Ga-NODAGA-RGDyK leads to an ED in man of 3.86/3.92 mSv. For future therapeutic applications, specific attention should be directed to delivered dose to kidneys and potentially also to the choroid plexuses. Trial registration Clinical trial.gov, NCT01608516
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Abstract
Angiogenesis imaging is important for diagnostic and therapeutic treatment of various malignant and nonmalignant diseases. The Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) sequence has been known to bind with the αvβ3 integrin that is expressed on the surface of angiogenic blood vessels or tumor cells. Thus, various radiolabeled derivatives of RGD peptides have been developed for angiogenesis imaging. Among the various radionuclides, (68)Ga was the most widely studied for RGD peptide imaging because of its excellent nuclear physical properties, easy-to-label chemical properties, and cost-effectiveness owing to the availability of a (68)Ge-(68)Ga generator. Thus, various (68)Ga-labeled RGD derivatives have been developed and applied for preclinical and clinical studies. Clinical trials were performed for both malignant and nonmalignant diseases. Breast cancer, glioma, and lung cancer were malignant, and myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis, and moyamoya disease were nonmalignant among the investigated diseases. Further, these (68)Ga-labeled RGD derivatives could be applied to assess the effects of antiangiogenic treatment or theragnosis or both, of cancers. In conclusion, the angiogenesis imaging technology using (68)Ga-labeled RGD derivatives might be useful for the development of new therapeutic assessments, and for diagnostic and theragnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Seon Eo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Min Jeong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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22
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Kang F, Wang Z, Li G, Wang S, Liu D, Zhang M, Zhao M, Yang W, Wang J. Inter-heterogeneity and intra-heterogeneity of α vβ 3 in non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer patients as revealed by 68Ga-RGD 2 PET imaging. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2017; 44:1520-1528. [PMID: 28405726 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-017-3696-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Integrin αvβ3 is the therapeutic target of the anti-angiogenic drug cilengitide. The objective of this study was to compare αvβ3 levels in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients, by using the positron emission tomography (PET) tracer 68Ga-labeled dimerized-RGD (68Ga-RGD2). METHODS Thirty-one patients with pathologically confirmed lung cancer were enrolled (21 were NSCLC and 10 were SCLC). PET/CT images were acquired using 68Ga-RGD2.18F-FDG PET/CT images were also acquired on the consecutive day as reference. The standard uptake values (SUV) and the tumor/nontarget (T/NT) values were quantitatively compared. Expression of the angiogenesis marker αvβ3 in NSCLC and SCLC lesions was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The 18F-FDG SUVmax and the SUVmean were not significantly different between NSCLC and SCLC patients. The 68Ga-RGD2 uptake of SCLC patients was at background levels in both SUV and T/NT measurements and was significantly lower than that of NSCLC patients. The range value of 68Ga-RGD2 SUVmean was 4.5 in the NSCLC group and 2.2 in the SCLC group, while the variation coefficient was 36.2% and 39.3% in NSCLC and SCLC primary lesions, respectively. Heterogeneity between primary lesions and putative distant metastases was also observed in some NSCLC cases. Immunostaining showed that αvβ3 integrin was expressed in the cells and neovasculature of NSCLC lesions, while SCLC samples had negative expression. CONCLUSIONS The uptake of 68Ga-RGD2 in SCLC patients is significantly lower than that in NSCLC patients, indicating a lower αvβ3 target level for cilengitide in SCLC. Apparent intra-tumor heterogeneities of αvβ3 also exist in both NSCLC and SCLC. Such inter- and intra-heterogeneity of αvβ3 may potentially improve current applications of αvβ3-targeted therapy and diagnostic imaging in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Kang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No.127 West Changle Road, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No.127 West Changle Road, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 West Changle Road, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoquan Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No.127 West Changle Road, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengjun Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No.127 West Changle Road, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Daliang Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No.127 West Changle Road, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingru Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No.127 West Changle Road, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingxuan Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No.127 West Changle Road, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Weidong Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No.127 West Changle Road, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No.127 West Changle Road, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.
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Colin DJ, Inkster JAH, Germain S, Seimbille Y. Preclinical validations of [ 18F]FPyPEGCBT- c(RGDfK): a 18F-labelled RGD peptide prepared by ligation of 2-cyanobenzothiazole and 1,2-aminothiol to image angiogenesis. EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem 2017; 1:16. [PMID: 29564392 PMCID: PMC5843817 DOI: 10.1186/s41181-016-0019-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background αVβ3, αVβ5 and α5β1 integrins are known to be involved in carcinogenesis and are overexpressed in many types of tumours compared to healthy tissues; thereby they have been selected as promising therapeutic targets. Positron emission tomography (PET) is providing a unique non-invasive screening assay to discriminate which patient is more prone to benefit from antiangiogenic therapies, and extensive research has been carried out to develop a clinical radiopharmaceutical that binds specifically to integrin receptors. We recently reported the synthesis of a new 18F-labelled RGD peptide prepared by 2-cyanobenzothiazole (CBT)/1,2-aminothiol conjugation. This study aims at characterising the preclinical biologic properties of this new tumour-targeting ligand, named [18F]FPyPEGCBT-c(RGDfK). The in vitro binding properties of [18F]FPyPEGCBT-c(RGDfK) were analysed by standard binding assay in U-87 MG and SKOV-3 cancer models and its selectivity towards integrins by siRNA depletions. Its preclinical potential was studied in mice bearing subcutaneous tumours by ex vivo biodistribution studies and in vivo microPET/CT imaging. Results In vitro, FPyPEGCBT-c(RGDfK) efficiently bound RGD-recognising integrins as compared to a control c(RGDfV) peptide (IC50 = 30.8 × 10−7 M vs. 6.0 × 10−7 M). [18F]FPyPEGCBT-c(RGDfK) cell uptake was mediated by an active transport through binding to αV, β3 and β5 but not to β1 subunits. In vivo, this new tracer demonstrated specific tumour uptake with %ID/g of 2.9 and 2.4 in U-87 MG and SKOV-3 tumours 1 h post injection. Tumour-to-muscle ratios of 4 were obtained 1 h after intravenous administration of the tracer allowing good visualisation of the tumours. However, unfavourable background accumulation and high hepatobiliary excretion were observed. Conclusion [18F]FPyPEGCBT-c(RGDfK) specifically detects tumours expressing RGD-recognising integrin receptors in preclinical studies. Further optimisation of this radioligand may yield candidates with improved imaging properties and would warrant the further use of this efficient labelling technique for alternative targeting vectors. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s41181-016-0019-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didier J Colin
- MicroPET/SPECT/CT Imaging Laboratory, Centre for BioMedical Imaging (CIBM), University Hospital of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - James A H Inkster
- Cyclotron Unit, University Hospital of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stéphane Germain
- MicroPET/SPECT/CT Imaging Laboratory, Centre for BioMedical Imaging (CIBM), University Hospital of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yann Seimbille
- Cyclotron Unit, University Hospital of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.,TRIUMF, Life Sciences Division, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3 Canada
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Evaluation of a Flexible NOTA-RGD Kit Solution Using Gallium-68 from Different 68Ge/68Ga-Generators: Pharmacokinetics and Biodistribution in Nonhuman Primates and Demonstration of Solitary Pulmonary Nodule Imaging in Humans. Mol Imaging Biol 2016; 19:469-482. [DOI: 10.1007/s11307-016-1014-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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25
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Zhang Z, Zhao X, Ding C, Wang J, Zhang J, Wang F. (99m)Tc-3PRGD2 SPECT/CT Imaging for Monitoring Early Response of EGFR-TKIs Therapy in Patients with Advanced-Stage Lung Adenocarcinoma. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2016; 31:238-45. [PMID: 27563805 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2016.2052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was aimed to assess the efficacy of (99m)Tc-3PRGD2 imaging for evaluating both early treatment response to epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) and prognosis in advanced-stage lung adenocarcinoma. MATERIAL AND METHODS Eighteen patients with lung adenocarcinoma were enrolled for EGFR-TKIs therapy. (99m)Tc-3PRGD2 SPECT/CT and planar imaging were performed pre- and post-therapy. The tumor to nontumor (T/NT) ratio and percentage change in T/NT ratio were assessed for the treatment response. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysis was utilized to analyze the power of identifying responders based on the changes in T/NT ratios. RESULTS After treatment, 10 patients had partial response (PR), and 6 patients stable disease (SD), while 2 patients progressive disease (PD). The mean changes in T/NT ratios on SPECT/CT and planar images in PR group were 35.8% and 15.0% and in SD group were 8.9% and 0.7%, while in PD group were 76.1% and 18.7%, respectively. For ROC analysis, using a cutoff value of 23.8% decrease in T/NT ratio on SPECT/CT images, the sensitivity and specificity in identifying responders were 80.0% and 87.5%, respectively. The median progression-free survival (PFS) for patients with responders and nonresponders (on (99m)Tc-3PRGD2 SPECT/CT) was 18 months (95% CI 5.8-30.2 months) and 7 months (95% CI 5.2-8.8 months), respectively (p = 0.006). CONCLUSION (99m)Tc-3PRGD2 imaging can evaluate the early response to EGFR-targeted therapy and predict the PFS of lung adenocarcinoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoqi Zhang
- 1 Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University , Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xinming Zhao
- 1 Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University , Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Cuimin Ding
- 2 Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University , Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jianfang Wang
- 1 Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University , Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jingmian Zhang
- 1 Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University , Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Fan Wang
- 3 Medical Isotopes Research Center, Peking University , Beijing, China
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Domnanich KA, Müller C, Farkas R, Schmid RM, Ponsard B, Schibli R, Türler A, van der Meulen NP. 44Sc for labeling of DOTA- and NODAGA-functionalized peptides: preclinical in vitro and in vivo investigations. EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem 2016; 1:8. [PMID: 29564385 PMCID: PMC5843811 DOI: 10.1186/s41181-016-0013-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recently, 44Sc (T1/2 = 3.97 h, Eβ+av = 632 keV, I = 94.3 %) has emerged as an attractive radiometal candidate for PET imaging using DOTA-functionalized biomolecules. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of using NODAGA for the coordination of 44Sc. Two pairs of DOTA/NODAGA-derivatized peptides were investigated in vitro and in vivo and the results obtained with 44Sc compared with its 68Ga-labeled counterparts. DOTA-RGD and NODAGA-RGD, as well as DOTA-NOC and NODAGA-NOC, were labeled with 44Sc and 68Ga, respectively. The radiopeptides were investigated with regard to their stability in buffer solution and under metal challenge conditions using Fe3+ and Cu2+. Time-dependent biodistribution studies and PET/CT imaging were performed in U87MG and AR42J tumor-bearing mice. Results Both RGD- and NOC-based peptides with a DOTA chelator were readily labeled with 44Sc and 68Ga, respectively, and remained stable over at least 4 half-lives of the corresponding radionuclide. In contrast, the labeling of NODAGA-functionalized peptides with 44Sc was more challenging and the resulting radiopeptides were clearly less stable than the DOTA-derivatized matches. 44Sc-NODAGA peptides were clearly more susceptible to metal challenge than 44Sc-DOTA peptides under the same conditions. Instability of 68Ga-labeled peptides was only observed if they were coordinated with a DOTA in the presence of excess Cu2+. Biodistribution data of the 44Sc-labeled peptides were largely comparable with the data obtained with the 68Ga-labeled counterparts. It was only in the liver tissue that the uptake of 68Ga-labeled DOTA compounds was markedly higher than for the 44Sc-labeled version and this was also visible on PET/CT images. The 44Sc-labeled NODAGA-peptides showed a similar tissue distribution to those of the DOTA peptides without any obvious signs of in vivo instability. Conclusions Although DOTA revealed to be the preferred chelator for stable coordination of 44Sc, the data presented in this work indicate the possibility of using NODAGA in combination with 44Sc. In view of a clinical study, thorough investigations will be necessary regarding the labeling conditions and storage solutions in order to guarantee sufficient stability of 44Sc-labeled NODAGA compounds. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s41181-016-0013-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina A Domnanich
- Laboratory of Radiochemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Cristina Müller
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland.,Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Renata Farkas
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - Raffaella M Schmid
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | | | - Roger Schibli
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland.,Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Türler
- Laboratory of Radiochemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nicholas P van der Meulen
- Laboratory of Radiochemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland.,Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
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Szyszko TA, Yip C, Szlosarek P, Goh V, Cook GJR. The role of new PET tracers for lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2016; 94:7-14. [PMID: 26973200 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2016.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT) is established for characterising indeterminate pulmonary nodules and staging lung cancer where there is curative intent. Whilst a sensitive technique, specificity for characterising lung cancer is limited. There is recognition that evaluation of other aspects of abnormal cancer biology in addition to glucose metabolism may be more helpful in characterising tumours and predicting response to novel targeted cancer therapeutics. Therefore, efforts have been made to develop and evaluate new radiopharmaceuticals in order to improve the sensitivity and specificity of PET imaging in lung cancer with regards to characterisation, treatment stratification and therapeutic monitoring. 18F-fluorothymidine (18F-FLT) is a marker of cellular proliferation. It shows a lower accumulation in tumours than 18F-FDG as it only accumulates in the cells that are in the S phase of growth and demonstrates a low sensitivity for nodal staging. Its main role is in evaluating treatment response. Methionine is an essential amino acid. 11C-methionine is more specific and sensitive than 18F-FDG in differentiating benign and malignant thoracic nodules. 18Ffluoromisonidazole (18F-FMISO) is used for imaging tumour hypoxia. Tumour response to treatment is significantly related to the level of tumour oxygenation. Angiogenesis is the process by which new blood vessels are formed in tumours and is involved in tumour growth and metastatic tumour spread and is a therapeutic target. Most clinical studies have focused on targeted integrin PET imaging of which αvβ3 integrin is the most extensively investigated. It is upregulated on activated endothelial cells in association with tumour angiogenesis. Neuroendocrine tumour tracers, particularly 68Ga-DOTA-peptides, have an established role in imaging of carcinoid tumours. Whilst most of these tracers have predominantly been used in the research environment, they offer exciting opportunities for improving staging, characterisation, stratification and response assessment in an era of increased personalised therapy in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa A Szyszko
- King's College London and Guy's & St. Thomas' PET Centre, Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK; Department of Cancer Imaging, Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Connie Yip
- King's College London and Guy's & St. Thomas' PET Centre, Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK; Department of Cancer Imaging, Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, London, UK; Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore 169610, Singapore
| | - Peter Szlosarek
- Lung and Mesothelioma Unit, Department of Medical Oncology, KGV Basement, St. Bartholomew's Hospital, West Smithfield, London EC1A 7BE, UK
| | - Vicky Goh
- Department of Cancer Imaging, Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, London, UK; Radiology Department, Guys & St. Thomas' NHS Trust, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Gary J R Cook
- King's College London and Guy's & St. Thomas' PET Centre, Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK; Department of Cancer Imaging, Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, London, UK.
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Krasikova RN, Aliev RA, Kalmykov SN. The next generation of positron emission tomography radiopharmaceuticals labeled with non-conventional radionuclides. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Chen H, Niu G, Wu H, Chen X. Clinical Application of Radiolabeled RGD Peptides for PET Imaging of Integrin αvβ3. Am J Cancer Res 2016; 6:78-92. [PMID: 26722375 PMCID: PMC4679356 DOI: 10.7150/thno.13242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular imaging for non-invasive assessment of angiogenesisis is of great interest for clinicians because of the wide-spread application of anti-angiogenic cancer therapeutics. Besides, many other interventions that involve the change of blood vessel/tumor microenvironment would also benefit from such imaging strategies. Of the imaging techniques that target angiogenesis, radiolabeled Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptides have been a major focus because of their high affinity and selectivity for integrin αvβ3--one of the most extensively examined target of angiogenesis. Since the level of integrin αvβ3 expression has been established as a surrogate marker of angiogenic activity, imaging αvβ3 expression can potentially be used as an early indicator of effectiveness of antiangiogenic therapy at the molecular level. In this review, we summarize RGD-based PET tracers that have already been used in clinical trials and intercompared them in terms of radiosynthesis, dosimetry, pharmacokinetics and clinical applications. A perspective of their future use in the clinic is also provided.
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30
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Kang F, Wang S, Tian F, Zhao M, Zhang M, Wang Z, Li G, Liu C, Yang W, Li X, Wang J. Comparing the Diagnostic Potential of 68Ga-Alfatide II and 18F-FDG in Differentiating Between Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer and Tuberculosis. J Nucl Med 2015; 57:672-7. [DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.115.167924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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López-Rodríguez V, Galindo-Sarco C, García-Pérez FO, Ferro-Flores G, Arrieta O, Ávila-Rodríguez MA. PET-Based Human Dosimetry of the Dimeric αvβ3 Integrin Ligand 68Ga-DOTA-E-[c(RGDfK)]2, a Potential Tracer for Imaging Tumor Angiogenesis. J Nucl Med 2015; 57:404-9. [PMID: 26585063 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.115.161653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Peptides containing the Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) sequence have high affinity for αvβ3 integrin receptors overexpressed in tumor cells. The objective of this research was to determine the biodistribution and estimate the radiation dose from (68)Ga-DOTA-E-[c(RGDfK)]2 using whole-body PET scans in humans. METHODS Five healthy volunteers (2 women, 3 men; mean age ± SD, 37.2 ± 15.6 y; range, 28-65 y; mean weight, 79.2 ± 21.0 kg; range, 64-115 kg) were included. After intravenous injection of the tracer (198.3 ± 3.3 MBq), 3 successive whole-body (vertex to mid thigh) PET/CT scans at 3 time points (30, 60, and 120 min) were obtained on a 16-slice PET/CT scanner. The subjects did not void the bladder until the entire series of images was completed. Low-dose CT without contrast agent was used for anatomic localization and attenuation correction. OLINDA/EXM software was applied to calculate human radiation doses using the reference adult model. RESULTS The highest uptake was in the urinary bladder, followed by the liver, kidneys, and spleen, in descending order. The critical organ was the urinary bladder wall. The mean effective doses (all subjects, men and women) were 34.1 ± 4.9, 31.0 ± 2.4, and 20.9 ± 5.2 μSv/MBq for the no-voiding, 2.5-h-voiding, and 1-h-voiding models, respectively. CONCLUSION Of particular interest in this research was the visualization of the choroid plexus and ventricular system, which seems to be a characteristic of RGD-dimeric peptides. Measured absorbed doses and effective doses are comparable to other previously reported RGD-based radiopharmaceuticals labeled with (68)Ga and (18)F. Therefore, (68)Ga-DOTA-E-[c(RGDfK)]2 can safely be used for imaging integrin αVβ3 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria López-Rodríguez
- Unidad Radiofarmacia-Ciclotrón, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carlos Galindo-Sarco
- Departamento de Radiología, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Guillermina Ferro-Flores
- Gerencia de Aplicaciones Nucleares en la Salud, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Ocoyoacac, Mexico; and
| | - Oscar Arrieta
- Departamento de Oncología Médica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Miguel A Ávila-Rodríguez
- Unidad Radiofarmacia-Ciclotrón, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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Zheng K, Liang N, Zhang J, Lang L, Zhang W, Li S, Zhao J, Niu G, Li F, Zhu Z, Chen X. 68Ga-NOTA-PRGD2 PET/CT for Integrin Imaging in Patients with Lung Cancer. J Nucl Med 2015; 56:1823-7. [PMID: 26429958 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.115.160648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED This study was designed to assess the diagnostic value of (68)Ga-NOTA-PRGD2 (NOTA-PRGD2 is NOTA-PEG4-E[c(RGDfK)]2) PET/CT in lung cancer. METHODS Ninety-one patients (48 men and 43 women; age, 22-82 y) with suspected lung lesions on CT were enrolled with informed consent. Immediately after intravenous injection of 117.7 ± 37.7 MBq of (68)Ga-NOTA-PRGD2, 15 patients underwent dynamic whole-body PET/CT scans for 1-2 h, and the remaining 76 patients underwent whole-body PET/CT scans at 30 ± 10 min after bolus injection. Each patient also underwent standard (18)F-FDG PET/CT for comparison. RESULTS No side effect was found after (68)Ga-NOTA-PRGD2 injection. (68)Ga-NOTA-PRGD2 was rapidly cleared from the blood pool and primarily excreted through the urinary system. The standardized uptake values of proven malignancies were significantly higher than those of the benign ones. With an average standardized uptake value of greater than 1.3 being considered malignant, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of (68)Ga-NOTA-PRGD2 PET/CT in diagnosing lung cancer were 83.8% (57/68), 91.3% (21/23), and 85.7% (78/91), respectively. The diagnostic value of (68)Ga-NOTA-PRGD2 for lung cancer is comparable to that of (18)F-FDG PET/CT. However, (68)Ga-NOTA-PRGD2 PET/CT is more specific than (18)F-FDG PET/CT in assessing lymph node metastasis, with positive and negative predictive values of 90.0% (27/30) and 93.8% (121/129), respectively, whereas those of (18)F-FDG PET/CT were 30.2% (29/96) and 90.5% (57/63), respectively. CONCLUSION This study indicates the efficacy of (68)Ga-NOTA-PRGD2 PET/CT in lung cancer diagnosis. (68)Ga-NOTA-PRGD2 PET/CT shows significant advantage over (18)F-FDG PET/CT in judging metastatic lymph nodes with higher specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zheng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Naixin Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lixin Lang
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; and
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shanqing Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Niu
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; and
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaohui Zhu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; and
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Biodistribution of the ¹⁸F-FPPRGD₂ PET radiopharmaceutical in cancer patients: an atlas of SUV measurements. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2015; 42:1850-8. [PMID: 26062933 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-015-3096-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate the biodistribution of 2-fluoropropionyl-labeled PEGylated dimeric arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) peptide (PEG3-E[c{RGDyk}]2) ((18)F-FPPRGD2) in cancer patients and to compare its uptake in malignant lesions with (18)F-FDG uptake. METHODS A total of 35 patients (11 men, 24 women, mean age 52.1 ± 10.8 years) were enrolled prospectively and had (18)F-FPPRGD2 PET/CT prior to treatment. Maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax) and mean SUV (SUVmean) were measured in 23 normal tissues in each patient, as well as in known or suspected cancer lesions. Differences between (18)F-FPPRGD2 uptake and (18)F-FDG uptake were also evaluated in 28 of the 35 patients. RESULTS Areas of high (18)F-FPPRGD2 accumulation (SUVmax range 8.9 - 94.4, SUVmean range 7.1 - 64.4) included the bladder and kidneys. Moderate uptake (SUVmax range 2.1 - 6.3, SUVmean range 1.1 - 4.5) was found in the choroid plexus, salivary glands, thyroid, liver, spleen, pancreas, small bowel and skeleton. Compared with (18)F-FDG, (18)F-FPPRGD2 showed higher tumor-to-background ratio in brain lesions (13.4 ± 8.5 vs. 1.1 ± 0.5, P < 0.001), but no significant difference in body lesions (3.2 ± 1.9 vs. 4.4 ± 4.2, P = 0.10). There was no significant correlation between the uptake values (SUVmax and SUVmean) for (18)F FPPRGD2 and those for (18)F-FDG. CONCLUSION The biodistribution of (18)F-FPPRGD2 in cancer patients is similar to that of other RGD dimer peptides and it is suitable for clinical use. The lack of significant correlation between (18)F-FPPRGD2 and (18)F-FDG uptake confirms that the information provided by each PET tracer is different.
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Eo JS, Kim HK, Kim S, Lee YS, Jeong JM, Choi YH. Gallium-68 Neomannosylated Human Serum Albumin-Based PET/CT Lymphoscintigraphy for Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2014; 22:636-41. [DOI: 10.1245/s10434-014-3986-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Kim YI, Phi JH, Paeng JC, Choi H, Kim SK, Lee YS, Kang KW, Lee JY, Jeong JM, Chung JK, Lee DS, Wang KC. In vivo evaluation of angiogenic activity and its correlation with efficacy of indirect revascularization surgery in pediatric moyamoya disease. J Nucl Med 2014; 55:1467-72. [PMID: 25060195 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.114.142430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Indirect revascularization is the most widely used treatment to induce angiogenesis in pediatric moyamoya disease (MMD). Molecular imaging methods targeted for angiogenesis have recently been developed. We performed angiogenesis imaging in indirect revascularization surgery for MMD to evaluate angiogenic activity and its correlation with treatment efficacy. METHODS Twelve patients with pediatric MMD were prospectively enrolled. Encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis surgery was conducted, and (68)Ga-Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) PET was performed 3.7 ± 1.0 mo after surgery. Basal perfusion and stress perfusion (PStr) in the middle cerebral artery territory were evaluated by acetazolamide-stress brain perfusion SPECT using statistical probabilistic anatomic mapping, at preoperative, early postoperative, and long-term follow-up states. Angiogenic activity was assessed on the images in terms of maximal uptake ratio, volume of increased uptake, and uptake-volume product. RESULTS Basal perfusion and PStr were significantly improved after surgery. Increased angiogenic activity was observed in the revascularized area, mainly around the bony flap. Angiogenic activity gradually decreased with time and significantly correlated with the postoperative time interval (P = 0.0015 for maximal uptake ratio and 0.0069 for volume of increased uptake). It was estimated to normalize at 6.3 mo after surgery. Uptake-volume product was inversely correlated with PStr improvement at the early postoperative state (r = -0.5960, P = 0.0409) and also weakly correlated with PStr improvement at long-term follow-up (r = -0.5010, P = 0.1165). CONCLUSION Angiogenesis PET imaging with (68)Ga-RGD was successfully used for the assessment of angiogenic activity in indirect revascularization surgery for MMD, and angiogenic activation measured at approximately 3.7 mo after surgery was inversely correlated with perfusion improvement. The assessment of angiogenic activity using (68)Ga-RGD PET is expected to be effective for evaluating the mechanism or efficacy of revascularization treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-il Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; and
| | - Ji Hoon Phi
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Chul Paeng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hongyoon Choi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Ki Kim
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yun-Sang Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Keon Wook Kang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Yeoun Lee
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Min Jeong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; and
| | - June-Key Chung
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; and
| | - Dong Soo Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyu-Chang Wang
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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PET radiopharmaceuticals for imaging integrin expression: tracers in clinical studies and recent developments. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:871609. [PMID: 25013808 PMCID: PMC4072020 DOI: 10.1155/2014/871609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Noninvasive determination of integrin expression has become an interesting approach in nuclear medicine. Since the discovery of the first 18F-labeled cyclic RGD peptide as radiotracer for imaging integrin αvβ3 expression in vivo, there have been carried out enormous efforts to develop RGD peptides for PET imaging. Moreover, in recent years, additional integrins, including α5β1 and αvβ6 came into the focus of pharmaceutical radiochemistry. This review will discuss the tracers already evaluated in clinical trials and summarize the preliminary outcome. It will also give an overview on recent developments to further optimize the first-generation compounds such as [18F]Galacto-RGD. This includes recently developed 18F-labeling strategies and also new approaches in 68Ga-complex chemistry. Furthermore, the approaches to develop radiopharmaceuticals targeting integrin α5β1 and αvβ6 will be summarized and discussed.
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Correlation of breast cancer subtypes, based on estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and HER2, with functional imaging parameters from ⁶⁸Ga-RGD PET/CT and ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2014; 41:1534-43. [PMID: 24652232 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-014-2744-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Imaging biomarkers from functional imaging modalities were assessed as potential surrogate markers of disease status. Specifically, in this prospective study, we investigated the relationships between functional imaging parameters and histological prognostic factors and breast cancer subtypes. METHODS In total, 43 patients with large or locally advanced invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) were analyzed (47.6 ± 7.5 years old). (68)Ga-Labeled arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) and (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) were performed. The maximum and average standardized uptake values (SUVmax and SUVavg) from RGD PET/CT and SUVmax and SUVavg from FDG PET/CT were the imaging parameters used. For histological prognostic factors, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression was identified using immunohistochemistry (IHC) or fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). Four breast cancer subtypes, based on ER/PR and HER2 expression (ER/PR+,Her2-, ER/PR+,Her2+, ER/PR-,Her2+, and ER/PR-,Her2-), were considered. RESULTS Quantitative FDG PET parameters were significantly higher in the ER-negative group (15.88 ± 8.73 vs 10.48 ± 6.01, p = 0.02 for SUVmax; 9.40 ± 5.19 vs 5.92 ± 4.09, p = 0.02 for SUVavg) and the PR-negative group (8.37 ± 4.94 vs 4.79 ± 3.93, p = 0.03 for SUVavg). Quantitative RGD PET parameters were significantly higher in the HER2-positive group (2.42 ± 0.59 vs 2.90 ± 0.75, p = 0.04 for SUVmax; 1.60 ± 0.38 vs 1.95 ± 0.53, p = 0.04 for SUVavg) and showed a significant positive correlation with the HER2/CEP17 ratio (r = 0.38, p = 0.03 for SUVmax and r = 0.46, p < 0.01 for SUVavg). FDG PET parameters showed significantly higher values in the ER/PR-,Her2- subgroup versus the ER/PR+,Her2- or ER/PR+,Her2+ subgroups, while RGD PET parameters showed significantly lower values in the ER/PR-,Her2- subgroup versus the other subgroups. There was no correlation between FDG and RGD PET parameters in the overall group. Only the ER/PR-,Her2- subgroup showed a significant positive correlation between FDG and RGD PET parameters (r = 0.59, p = 0.03 for SUVmax). CONCLUSION (68)Ga-RGD and (18)F-FDG PET/CT are promising functional imaging modalities for predicting biomarkers and molecular phenotypes in breast cancer patients.
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Quantitative positron emission tomography imaging of angiogenesis in rats with forelimb ischemia using 68Ga-NOTA-c(RGDyK). Angiogenesis 2013; 16:837-46. [DOI: 10.1007/s10456-013-9359-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Roivainen A, Kähkönen E, Luoto P, Borkowski S, Hofmann B, Jambor I, Lehtiö K, Rantala T, Rottmann A, Sipilä H, Sparks R, Suilamo S, Tolvanen T, Valencia R, Minn H. Plasma Pharmacokinetics, Whole-Body Distribution, Metabolism, and Radiation Dosimetry of 68Ga Bombesin Antagonist BAY 86-7548 in Healthy Men. J Nucl Med 2013; 54:867-72. [DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.112.114082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Aarntzen EHJG, Srinivas M, Radu CG, Punt CJA, Boerman OC, Figdor CG, Oyen WJG, de Vries IJM. In vivo imaging of therapy-induced anti-cancer immune responses in humans. Cell Mol Life Sci 2012; 70:2237-57. [PMID: 23052208 PMCID: PMC3676735 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-012-1159-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2012] [Revised: 08/27/2012] [Accepted: 09/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy aims to re-engage and revitalize the immune system in the fight against cancer. Research over the past decades has shown that the relationship between the immune system and human cancer is complex, highly dynamic, and variable between individuals. Considering the complexity, enormous effort and costs involved in optimizing immunotherapeutic approaches, clinically applicable tools to monitor therapy-induced immune responses in vivo are most warranted. However, the development of such tools is complicated by the fact that a developing immune response encompasses several body compartments, e.g., peripheral tissues, lymph nodes, lymphatic and vascular systems, as well as the tumor site itself. Moreover, the cells that comprise the immune system are not static but constantly circulate through the vascular and lymphatic system. Molecular imaging is considered the favorite candidate to fulfill this task. The progress in imaging technologies and modalities has provided a versatile toolbox to address these issues. This review focuses on the detection of therapy-induced anticancer immune responses in vivo and provides a comprehensive overview of clinically available imaging techniques as well as perspectives on future developments. In the discussion, we will focus on issues that specifically relate to imaging of the immune system and we will discuss the strengths and limitations of the current clinical imaging techniques. The last section provides future directions that we envision to be crucial for further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik H J G Aarntzen
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Deshayes E, Dunet V, Rüegg C, Prior J. Imagerie de la néoangiogenèse en médecine nucléaire. MEDECINE NUCLEAIRE-IMAGERIE FONCTIONNELLE ET METABOLIQUE 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mednuc.2012.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Molecular characterization of rheumatoid arthritis with magnetic resonance imaging. Top Magn Reson Imaging 2012; 22:61-9. [PMID: 22648081 DOI: 10.1097/rmr.0b013e31825c062c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Several recent advances in the field of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may transform the detection and monitoring of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). These advances depict both anatomic and molecular alterations from RA. Previous techniques could detect specific end products of metabolism in vitro or were limited to providing anatomic information. This review focuses on the novel molecular imaging techniques of hyperpolarized carbon-13 MRI, MRI with iron-labeled probes, and fusion of MRI with positron emission tomography. These new imaging approaches go beyond the anatomic description of RA and lend new information into the status of this disease by giving molecular information.
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