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Ruan D, Xuan Y, Tam TTKK, Li Z, Wang X, Xu S, Herrmann D, Niemann H, Lai L, Gao X, Nowak-Imialek M, Liu P. An optimized culture system for efficient derivation of porcine expanded potential stem cells from preimplantation embryos and by reprogramming somatic cells. Nat Protoc 2024; 19:1710-1749. [PMID: 38509352 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-024-00958-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Pigs share anatomical and physiological traits with humans and can serve as a large-animal model for translational medicine. Bona fide porcine pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) could facilitate testing cell and drug therapies. Agriculture and biotechnology may benefit from the ability to produce immune cells for studying animal infectious diseases and to readily edit the porcine genome in stem cells. Isolating porcine PSCs from preimplantation embryos has been intensively attempted over the past decades. We previously reported the derivation of expanded potential stem cells (EPSCs) from preimplantation embryos and by reprogramming somatic cells of multiple mammalian species, including pigs. Porcine EPSCs (pEPSCs) self-renew indefinitely, differentiate into embryonic and extra-embryonic lineages, and permit precision genome editing. Here we present a highly reproducible experimental procedure and data of an optimized and robust porcine EPSC culture system and its use in deriving new pEPSC lines from preimplantation embryos and reprogrammed somatic cells. No particular expertise is required for the protocols, which take ~4-6 weeks to complete. Importantly, we successfully established pEPSC lines from both in vitro fertilized and somatic cell nuclear transfer-derived embryos. These new pEPSC lines proliferated robustly over long-term passaging and were amenable to both simple indels and precision genome editing, with up to 100% targeting efficiency. The pEPSCs differentiated into embryonic cell lineages in vitro and teratomas in vivo, and into porcine trophoblast stem cells in human trophoblast stem cell medium. We show here that pEPSCs have unique epigenetic features, particularly H3K27me3 levels substantially lower than fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Degong Ruan
- Center for Translational Stem Cell Biology, Science Park, Sha Tin, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, the University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yiyi Xuan
- Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Consortium, School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Timothy Theodore Ka Ki Tam
- Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Consortium, School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong, China
| | - ZhuoXuan Li
- Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Consortium, School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Consortium, School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shao Xu
- Center for Translational Stem Cell Biology, Science Park, Sha Tin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Doris Herrmann
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute (FLI), Mariensee, Neustadt, Germany
| | - Heiner Niemann
- Hannover Medical School (MHH), Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover, Germany
| | - Liangxue Lai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuefei Gao
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Monika Nowak-Imialek
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.
- First Department of Medicine, Cardiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar-Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Pentao Liu
- Center for Translational Stem Cell Biology, Science Park, Sha Tin, Hong Kong, China.
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, the University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
- Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Consortium, School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong, China.
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2
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Nottle MB, Hawthorne WJ, Cowan PJ. The birth of Dolly and xenotransplantation 25 years on. Xenotransplantation 2023; 30:e12782. [PMID: 36413478 DOI: 10.1111/xen.12782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A number of reviews have been written recently celebrating the 25th anniversary of the birth of Dolly the cloned sheep and the effect this breakthrough has had on various fields of research. However, arguably the biggest impact Dolly has had is on the field of xenotransplantation, described here based on our own experience and that of others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark B Nottle
- School of Biomedicine and Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Wayne J Hawthorne
- The Centre for Transplant & Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Surgery, Westmead Hospital, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peter J Cowan
- Immunology Research Centre, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Navarro M, Soto DA, Pinzon CA, Wu J, Ross PJ. Livestock pluripotency is finally captured in vitro. Reprod Fertil Dev 2020; 32:11-39. [PMID: 32188555 DOI: 10.1071/rd19272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) have demonstrated great utility in improving our understanding of mammalian development and continue to revolutionise regenerative medicine. Thanks to the improved understanding of pluripotency in mice and humans, it has recently become feasible to generate stable livestock PSCs. Although it is unlikely that livestock PSCs will be used for similar applications as their murine and human counterparts, new exciting applications that could greatly advance animal agriculture are being developed, including the use of PSCs for complex genome editing, cellular agriculture, gamete generation and invitro breeding schemes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micaela Navarro
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, 450 Bioletti Way, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Delia A Soto
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, 450 Bioletti Way, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Carlos A Pinzon
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; and Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Pablo J Ross
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, 450 Bioletti Way, Davis, CA 95616, USA; and Corresponding author.
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Goszczynski DE, Cheng H, Demyda-Peyrás S, Medrano JF, Wu J, Ross PJ. In vitro breeding: application of embryonic stem cells to animal production†. Biol Reprod 2020; 100:885-895. [PMID: 30551176 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioy256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are derived from the inner cell mass of preimplantation blastocysts. For decades, attempts to efficiently derive ESCs in animal livestock species have been unsuccessful, but this goal has recently been achieved in cattle. Together with the recent reconstitution of the germ cell differentiation processes from ESCs in mice, these achievements open new avenues for the development of promising technologies oriented toward improving health, animal production, and the environment. In this article, we present a strategy that will notably accelerate genetic improvement in livestock populations by reducing the generational interval, namely in vitro breeding (IVB). IVB combines genomic selection, a widely used strategy for genetically improving livestock, with ESC derivation and in vitro differentiation of germ cells from pluripotent stem cells. We also review the most recent findings in the fields on which IVB is based. Evidence suggests this strategy will be soon within reach.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hao Cheng
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Sebastian Demyda-Peyrás
- Instituto de Genetica Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional de La Plata-CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Juan F Medrano
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Pablo J Ross
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, California, USA
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Gouveia C, Huyser C, Egli D, Pepper MS. Lessons Learned from Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072314. [PMID: 32230814 PMCID: PMC7177533 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) has been an area of interest in the field of stem cell research and regenerative medicine for the past 20 years. The main biological goal of SCNT is to reverse the differentiated state of a somatic cell, for the purpose of creating blastocysts from which embryonic stem cells (ESCs) can be derived for therapeutic cloning, or for the purpose of reproductive cloning. However, the consensus is that the low efficiency in creating normal viable offspring in animals by SCNT (1–5%) and the high number of abnormalities seen in these cloned animals is due to epigenetic reprogramming failure. In this review we provide an overview of the current literature on SCNT, focusing on protocol development, which includes early SCNT protocol deficiencies and optimizations along with donor cell type and cell cycle synchrony; epigenetic reprogramming in SCNT; current protocol optimizations such as nuclear reprogramming strategies that can be applied to improve epigenetic reprogramming by SCNT; applications of SCNT; the ethical and legal implications of SCNT in humans; and specific lessons learned for establishing an optimized SCNT protocol using a mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantel Gouveia
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Immunology and South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) Extramural Unit for Stem Cell Research and Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Reproductive Biology Laboratory, University of Pretoria, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +27-(0)76-546-5119
| | - Carin Huyser
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Reproductive Biology Laboratory, University of Pretoria, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
| | - Dieter Egli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10027, USA;
| | - Michael S. Pepper
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Immunology and South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) Extramural Unit for Stem Cell Research and Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
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Siriboon C, Li TS, Yu CW, Chern JW, Ju JC. Novel histone deacetylase inhibitors and embryo aggregation enhance cloned embryo development and ES cell derivation in pigs. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204588. [PMID: 30261020 PMCID: PMC6160101 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) has been investigated for treating cancers and many other diseases as well as enhancing the reprogramming efficiency in cloned embryos for decades. In the present study, we investigated the effects of two novel HDAC inhibitors, i.e., HDACi-14 and -79, at the concentrations of 0, 1, 2, or 4 μM on the development of embryos cloned by the oocyte bisection cloning technique (OBCT). Blastocyst rates for the reconstructed embryos reached 60% in the 2 μM HDACi-14-treated groups, which was higher (P < 0.05) compared to the untreated group (36.9%). Similarly, HDACi-79 treatment at 2 and 4 μM also conferred higher (P < 0.05) blastocyst rates than that of the untreated group (79.4, 74.2, and 50.0%, respectively). Both HDACi-14 and -79 treatments had no beneficial effect on total cell numbers and apoptotic indices of cloned embryos (P > 0.05). Histone acetylation profile by both HDACi-14 (2 μM) and -79 (2 μM) treatments demonstrated a drastic increase (P < 0.05) mainly in two-cell stage embryos when compared to the control group. After seeding on the feeder cells, the aggregated cloned blastocysts produced by the HDACi-79 treatment showed a significant increase of primary outgrowths compared to the control group (60.0% vs. 42.9%; P < 0.05). Finally, the cloned embryo-derived ES cell lines from aggregated cloned embryos produced from the HDACi-79-treated, HDACi-14-treated and control groups were established (5, 3, and 2 lines, respectively). In conclusion, the novel histone deacetylation inhibitors improve blastocyst formation and potentially increase the derivation efficiency of ES cell lines from the cloned porcine embryos produced in vitro. Depending on the purposes, some fine-tuning may be required to maximize its beneficial effects of these newly synthesized chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chawalit Siriboon
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand
| | - Tzai-Shiuan Li
- Translational Medicine Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Wu Yu
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ji-Wang Chern
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Cherng Ju
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Translational Medicine Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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7
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Kim E, Hwang SU, Yoo H, Yoon JD, Jeon Y, Kim H, Jeung EB, Lee CK, Hyun SH. Putative embryonic stem cells derived from porcine cloned blastocysts using induced pluripotent stem cells as donors. Theriogenology 2016; 85:601-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.09.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Revised: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Abstract
This review deals with the latest advances in the study of embryonic stem cells (ESC) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) from domesticated species, with a focus on pigs, cattle, sheep, goats, horses, cats, and dogs. Whereas the derivation of fully pluripotent ESC from these species has proved slow, reprogramming of somatic cells to iPSC has been more straightforward. However, most of these iPSC depend on the continued expression of the introduced transgenes, a major drawback to their utility. The persistent failure in generating ESC and the dependency of iPSC on ectopic genes probably stem from an inability to maintain the stability of the endogenous gene networks necessary to maintain pluripotency. Based on work in humans and rodents, achievement of full pluripotency will likely require fine adjustments in the growth factors and signaling inhibitors provided to the cells. Finally, we discuss the future utility of these cells for biomedical and agricultural purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiko Ezashi
- Division of Animal Sciences and Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211; , ,
| | - Ye Yuan
- Division of Animal Sciences and Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211; , ,
| | - R Michael Roberts
- Division of Animal Sciences and Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211; , ,
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9
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Dong X, Li Y, Wang H. Optimization of culture conditions for porcine embryonic germ cells. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2015; 52:131-6. [PMID: 26487431 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-015-9962-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Dong
- College of Life Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266109, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yang Li
- College of Life Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266109, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongjun Wang
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
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10
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Siriboon C, Lin YH, Kere M, Chen CD, Chen LR, Chen CH, Tu CF, Lo NW, Ju JC. Putative porcine embryonic stem cell lines derived from aggregated four-celled cloned embryos produced by oocyte bisection cloning. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0118165. [PMID: 25680105 PMCID: PMC4334543 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
We attempted to isolate ES cell lines using inner cell masses from high-quality cloned porcine blastocysts. After being seeded onto feeders, embryos had better (P < 0.05) attachment, outgrowth formation and primary colonization in both 2× and 3× aggregated cloned embryos (62.8, 42.6 and12.8% vs. 76.2, 55.2 and 26.2%, respectively) compared to the non-aggregated group (41.6, 23.4 and 3.9%). Effects of feeder types (STO vs. MEF) and serum sources (FBS vs. KSR) on extraction of cloned embryo-derived porcine ES cells were examined. More (17.1%) ntES cell lines over Passage 3 were generated in the MEF/KSR group. However, ntES cells cultured in KSR-supplemented medium had a low proliferation rate with defective morphology, and eventually underwent differentiation or apoptosis subsequently. Approximately 26.1, 22.7 and 35.7% of primary colonies were formed after plating embryos in DMEM, DMEM/F12 and α-MEM media, respectively. Survival rates of ntES cells cultured in α-MEM, DMEM and DMEM/F12 were 16.7, 4.3 and 6.8%, respectively (P > 0.05). We further examined the beneficial effect of TSA treatment of 3× aggregated cloned embryos on establishment of ntES cell lines. Primary colony numbers and survival rates of ntES cells beyond passage 3 were higher (P < 0.05) in those derived from TSA-treated 3× blastocysts (36.7 and 26.7%) than from the non-treated aggregated group (23.1 and 11.5%). These cells, remaining undifferentiated over 25 passages, had alkaline phosphatase activity and expressed ES specific markers Oct4, Nanog, Sox2, and Rex01. Moreover, these ntES cells successfully differentiated into embryoid bodies (EBs) that expressed specific genes of all three germ layers after being cultured in LIF-free medium. In conclusion, we have successfully derived putative porcine ntES cells with high efficiency from quality cloned embryos produced by embryo aggregation, and optimized the ES cell culture system suitable for establishing and maintaining ntES cell lines in undifferentiated state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chawalit Siriboon
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Hsuan Lin
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Michel Kere
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chun-Da Chen
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Lih-Ren Chen
- Division of Physiology, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chien-Hong Chen
- Agriculture Technology Research Institute 1, Ln. 51, Dahu Rd., Xiangshan Dist., Hsinchu City, 300, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ching-Fu Tu
- Agriculture Technology Research Institute 1, Ln. 51, Dahu Rd., Xiangshan Dist., Hsinchu City, 300, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Neng-Wen Lo
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Tunghai University 181, Sec. 3, Taichung Harbor Road, Taichung, 407, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jyh-Cherng Ju
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
- Core Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Medical Research Department, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
- Agricultural Biotechnology and Biotechnology Centers, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Computer Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
- * E-mail:
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Srirattana K, Ketudat-Cairns M, Nagai T, Kaneda M, Parnpai R. Effects of trichostatin A on In vitro development and DNA methylation level of the satellite I region of swamp buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) cloned embryos. J Reprod Dev 2014; 60:336-41. [PMID: 24909601 PMCID: PMC4219989 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2013-116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Trichostatin A (TSA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, has been widely used to improve the cloning efficiency in several
species. This brings our attention to investigation of the effects of TSA on developmental potential of swamp buffalo cloned
embryos. Swamp buffalo cloned embryos were produced by electrical pulse fusion of male swamp buffalo fibroblasts with swamp
buffalo enucleated oocytes. After fusion, reconstructed oocytes were treated with 0, 25 or 50 nM TSA for 10 h. The results
showed that there was no significant difference in the rates of fusion (82–85%), cleavage (79–84%) and development to the
8-cell stage (59–65%) among treatment groups. The highest developmental rates to the morula and blastocyst stages of embryos
were found in the 25 nM TSA-treated group (42.7 and 30.1%, respectively). We also analyzed the DNA methylation level in the
satellite I region of donor cells and in in vitro fertilized (IVF) and cloned embryos using the bisulfite
DNA sequencing method. The results indicated that the DNA methylation levels in cloned embryos were significantly higher than
those of IVF embryos but approximately similar to those of donor cells. Moreover, there was no significant difference in the
methylation level among TSA-treated and untreated cloned embryos. Thus, TSA treatments at 25 nM for 10 h could enhance the
in vitro developmental potential of swamp buffalo cloned embryos, but no beneficial effect on the DNA
methylation level was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanokwan Srirattana
- Embryo Technology and Stem Cell Research Center and School of Biotechnology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
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12
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Liu Y, Ma Y, Yang JY, Cheng D, Liu X, Ma X, West FD, Wang H. Comparative Gene Expression Signature of Pig, Human and Mouse Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Lines Reveals Insight into Pig Pluripotency Gene Networks. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2013; 10:162-76. [DOI: 10.1007/s12015-013-9485-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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13
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Harkey MA, Asano A, Zoulas ME, Torok-Storb B, Nagashima J, Travis A. Isolation, genetic manipulation, and transplantation of canine spermatogonial stem cells: progress toward transgenesis through the male germ-line. Reproduction 2013; 146:75-90. [PMID: 23690628 DOI: 10.1530/rep-13-0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The dog is recognized as a highly predictive model for preclinical research. Its size, life span, physiology, and genetics more closely match human parameters than do those of the mouse model. Investigations of the genetic basis of disease and of new regenerative treatments have frequently taken advantage of canine models. However, full utility of this model has not been realized because of the lack of easy transgenesis. Blastocyst-mediated transgenic technology developed in mice has been very slow to translate to larger animals, and somatic cell nuclear transfer remains technically challenging, expensive, and low yield. Spermatogonial stem cell (SSC) transplantation, which does not involve manipulation of ova or blastocysts, has proven to be an effective alternative approach for generating transgenic offspring in rodents and in some large animals. Our recent demonstration that canine testis cells can engraft in a host testis, and generate donor-derived sperm, suggests that SSC transplantation may offer a similar avenue to transgenesis in the canine model. Here, we explore the potential of SSC transplantation in dogs as a means of generating canine transgenic models for preclinical models of genetic diseases. Specifically, we i) established markers for identification and tracking canine spermatogonial cells; ii) established methods for enrichment and genetic manipulation of these cells; iii) described their behavior in culture; and iv) demonstrated engraftment of genetically manipulated SSC and production of transgenic sperm. These findings help to set the stage for generation of transgenic canine models via SSC transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Harkey
- Clinical Research, Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Mail Stop D1-100, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, PO Box 19024, Seattle, Washington 98109-1024, USA.
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Abstract
The field of regenerative medicine is approaching translation to clinical practice, and significant safety concerns and knowledge gaps have become clear as clinical practitioners are considering the potential risks and benefits of cell-based therapy. It is necessary to understand the full spectrum of stem cell actions and preclinical evidence for safety and therapeutic efficacy. The role of animal models for gaining this information has increased substantially. There is an urgent need for novel animal models to expand the range of current studies, most of which have been conducted in rodents. Extant models are providing important information but have limitations for a variety of disease categories and can have different size and physiology relative to humans. These differences can preclude the ability to reproduce the results of animal-based preclinical studies in human trials. Larger animal species, such as rabbits, dogs, pigs, sheep, goats, and non-human primates, are better predictors of responses in humans than are rodents, but in each case it will be necessary to choose the best model for a specific application. There is a wide spectrum of potential stem cell-based products that can be used for regenerative medicine, including embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells, somatic stem cells, and differentiated cellular progeny. The state of knowledge and availability of these cells from large animals vary among species. In most cases, significant effort is required for establishing and characterizing cell lines, comparing behavior to human analogs, and testing potential applications. Stem cell-based therapies present significant safety challenges, which cannot be addressed by traditional procedures and require the development of new protocols and test systems, for which the rigorous use of larger animal species more closely resembling human behavior will be required. In this article, we discuss the current status and challenges of and several major directions for the future development of large animal models to facilitate advances in stem cell-based regenerative medicine.
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15
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Teramura T, Sugimoto H, Frampton J, Kida Y, Nakano M, Kawakami M, Izumi H, Fukunaga N, Onodera Y, Takehara T, Fukuda K, Hosoi Y. Generation of embryonic stem cell lines from immature rabbit ovarian follicles. Stem Cells Dev 2013; 22:928-38. [PMID: 23072728 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2012.0300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In mammalian ovaries, many immature follicles remain after the dominant follicles undergo ovulation. Here we report the successful production of rabbit embryonic stem cells (ESCs) from oocytes produced by in vitro culture of immature follicles and subsequent in vitro maturation treatment. In total, we obtained 53 blastocysts from oocytes that received intracytoplasmic sperm injection followed by in vitro culture. Although only weak expression of POU5f1 was observed in the inner cell masses of in-vitro-cultured follicle-derived embryos, repeated careful cloning enabled establishment of 3 stable ESC lines. These ESC lines displayed the morphological characteristics of primed pluripotent stem cells. The ESC lines also expressed the pluripotent markers Nanog, POU5f1, and Sox2. Further, these ESCs could be differentiated into each of the 3 different germ layers both in vitro and in vivo. These results demonstrate that immature follicles from rabbits can be used to generate ESCs. Moreover, the use of rabbit oocytes as a cell source provides an experimental system that closely matches human reproductive and stem cell physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Teramura
- Division of Cell Biology for Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
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16
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Primed pluripotent cell lines derived from various embryonic origins and somatic cells in pig. PLoS One 2013; 8:e52481. [PMID: 23326334 PMCID: PMC3543426 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0052481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2012] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Since pluripotent embryonic stem cell (ESC) lines were first derived from the mouse, tremendous efforts have been made to establish ESC lines in several domestic species including the pig; however, authentic porcine ESCs have not yet been established. It has proven difficult to maintain an ESC-like state in pluripotent porcine cell lines due to the frequent occurrence of spontaneous differentiation into an epiblast stem cell (EpiSC)-like state during culture. We have been able to derive EpiSC-like porcine ESC (pESC) lines from blastocyst stage porcine embryos of various origins, including in vitro fertilized (IVF), in vivo derived, IVF aggregated, and parthenogenetic embryos. In addition, we have generated induced pluripotent stem cells (piPSCs) via plasmid transfection of reprogramming factors (Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc) into porcine fibroblast cells. In this study, we analyzed characteristics such as marker expression, pluripotency and the X chromosome inactivation status in female of our EpiSC-like pESC lines along with our piPSC line. Our results show that these cell lines demonstrate the expression of genes associated with the Activin/Nodal and FGF2 pathways along with the expression of pluripotent markers Oct4, Sox2, Nanog, SSEA4, TRA 1–60 and TRA 1–81. Furthermore all of these cell lines showed in vitro differentiation potential, the X chromosome inactivation in female and a normal karyotype. Here we suggest that the porcine species undergoes reprogramming into a primed state during the establishment of pluripotent stem cell lines.
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Abstract
Despite their agricultural and biomedical importance, embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are yet to be isolated for the pig or the domestic ungulates in general. This suggests that methods which have been used successfully in mice may not be applicable to these. In this chapter we describe a new method for the isolation of porcine ESCs. This method differs from those described previously in that it produces homogeneous outgrowths from undifferentiated inner cell mass cells when embryos are plated onto inactivated mouse embryonic feeder layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Vassiliev
- Reproductive Biotechnology Group, School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health and Centre for Stem Cell Research, Robinson Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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18
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Bui HT, Kwon DN, Kang MH, Oh MH, Park MR, Park WJ, Paik SS, Van Thuan N, Kim JH. Epigenetic reprogramming in somatic cells induced by extract from germinal vesicle stage pig oocytes. Development 2012; 139:4330-40. [PMID: 23132243 DOI: 10.1242/dev.086116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Genomic reprogramming factors in the cytoplasm of germinal vesicle (GV) stage oocytes have been shown to improve the efficiency of producing cloned mouse offspring through the exposure of nuclei to a GV cytoplasmic extract prior to somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) to enucleated oocytes. Here, we developed an extract of GV stage pig oocytes (GVcyto-extract) to investigate epigenetic reprogramming events in treated somatic cell nuclei. This extract induced differentiation-associated changes in fibroblasts, resulting in cells that exhibit pluripotent stem cell-like characteristics and that redifferentiate into three primary germ cell layers both in vivo and in vitro. The GVcyto-extract treatment induced large numbers of high-quality SCNT-generated blastocysts, with methylation and acetylation of H3-K9 and expression of Oct4 and Nanog at levels similar to in vitro fertilized embryos. Thus, GVcyto-extract could elicit differentiation plasticity in treated fibroblasts, and SCNT-mediated reprogramming reset the epigenetic state in treated cells more efficiently than in untreated cells. In summary, we provide evidence for the generation of stem-like cells from differentiated somatic cells by treatment with porcine GVcyto-extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Thuy Bui
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Animal Bioscience and Biotechnology/Animal Resources Research Center, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea
| | - Deug-Nam Kwon
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Animal Bioscience and Biotechnology/Animal Resources Research Center, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea
| | - Min-Hui Kang
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Animal Bioscience and Biotechnology/Animal Resources Research Center, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea
| | - Mi-Hye Oh
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Animal Bioscience and Biotechnology/Animal Resources Research Center, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea
| | - Mi-Ryung Park
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Animal Bioscience and Biotechnology/Animal Resources Research Center, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea
| | - Woo-Jin Park
- Hanyang University Hospital, Department of Histopathology, Molecular pathology, 17 Haengdang-dong, Seondong-gu, Seoul 133-792, Korea
| | - Seung-Sam Paik
- Hanyang University Hospital, Department of Histopathology, Molecular pathology, 17 Haengdang-dong, Seondong-gu, Seoul 133-792, Korea
| | - Nguyen Van Thuan
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Animal Bioscience and Biotechnology/Animal Resources Research Center, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea
| | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Animal Bioscience and Biotechnology/Animal Resources Research Center, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea
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Kobolak J, Mamo S, Rungsiwiwut R, Ujhelly O, Csonka E, Hadlaczky G, Dinnyes A. Comparative analysis of nuclear transfer embryo-derived mouse embryonic stem cells. Part I: cellular characterization. Cell Reprogram 2011; 14:56-67. [PMID: 22204592 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2011.0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryonic stem cells derived from nuclear transfer embryos (ntESCs) are particularly valuable for regenerative medicine, as they are a patient-specific and histocompatible cell source for the treatment of varying diseases. However, currently, little is known about their cellular and molecular profile. In the present study, in a mouse model different donor cell-derived ntESCs from various genetic backgrounds were compared with reference ESCs and analyzed comprehensively at the cellular level. A number of pluripotency marker genes were compared by flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry analysis. Significant differences at the protein level were observed for POU5F1, SOX2, FGF4, NANOG, and SSEA-1. However, such differences had no effect on in vitro cell differentiation and cell fate: derivatives of the three germ layers were detected in all ntESC lines. The neural and cardiac in vitro differentiation revealed minor differences between the cell lines, both at the mRNA and protein level. Karyotype analyses and cell growth studies did not reveal any significant variations. Despite some differences observed, the present study revealed that ntESC lines had similar differentiation competences compared to other ESCs. The results indicate that the observed differences may be related to the genotype rather than to the nuclear transfer technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julianna Kobolak
- Genetic Reprogramming Group, Agricultural Biotechnology Center, Gödöllő, Hungary
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