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Sarfraz N, Shafik LK, Stickelman ZR, Shankar U, Moscoso E, Braselmann E. Evaluating Riboglow-FLIM probes for RNA sensing. RSC Chem Biol 2024; 5:109-116. [PMID: 38333191 PMCID: PMC10849122 DOI: 10.1039/d3cb00197k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
We recently developed Riboglow-FLIM, where we genetically tag and track RNA molecules in live cells through measuring the fluorescence lifetime of a small molecule probe that binds the RNA tag. Here, we systematically and quantitatively evaluated key elements of Riboglow-FLIM that may serve as the foundation for Riboglow-FLIM applications and further tool development efforts. Our investigation focused on measuring changes in fluorescence lifetime of representative Riboglow-FLIM probes with different linkers and fluorophores in different environments. In vitro measurements revealed distinct lifetime differences among the probe variants as a result of different linker designs and fluorophore selections. To expand on the platform's versatility, probes in a wide variety of mammalian cell types were examined using fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM), and possible effects on cell physiology were evaluated by metabolomics. The results demonstrated that variations in lifetime were dependent on both probe and cell type. Interestingly, distinct differences in lifetime values were observed between cell lines, while no overall change in cell health was measured. These findings underscore the importance of probe selection and cellular environment when employing Riboglow-FLIM for RNA detection, serving as a foundation for future tool development and applications across diverse fields and biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Sarfraz
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University Washington District of Columbia USA
| | - Luke K Shafik
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University Washington District of Columbia USA
| | - Zachary R Stickelman
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University Washington District of Columbia USA
| | - Uma Shankar
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University Washington District of Columbia USA
| | - Emilia Moscoso
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University Washington District of Columbia USA
| | - Esther Braselmann
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University Washington District of Columbia USA
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2
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Uribe-Etxebarria V, Pineda JR, García-Gallastegi P, Agliano A, Unda F, Ibarretxe G. Notch and Wnt Signaling Modulation to Enhance DPSC Stemness and Therapeutic Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087389. [PMID: 37108549 PMCID: PMC10138690 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The Dental Pulp of permanent human teeth is home to stem cells with remarkable multilineage differentiation ability: human Dental Pulp Stem Cells (DPSCs). These cells display a very notorious expression of pluripotency core factors, and the ability to give rise to mature cell lineages belonging to the three embryonic layers. For these reasons, several researchers in the field have long considered human DPSCs as pluripotent-like cells. Notably, some signaling pathways such as Notch and Wnt contribute to maintaining the stemness of these cells through a complex network involving metabolic and epigenetic regulatory mechanisms. The use of recombinant proteins and selective pharmacological modulators of Notch and Wnt pathways, together with serum-free media and appropriate scaffolds that allow the maintenance of the non-differentiated state of hDPSC cultures could be an interesting approach to optimize the potency of these stem cells, without a need for genetic modification. In this review, we describe and integrate findings that shed light on the mechanisms responsible for stemness maintenance of hDPSCs, and how these are regulated by Notch/Wnt activation, drawing some interesting parallelisms with pluripotent stem cells. We summarize previous work on the stem cell field that includes interactions between epigenetics, metabolic regulations, and pluripotency core factor expression in hDPSCs and other stem cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jose Ramon Pineda
- Cell Biology and Histology Department, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience Fundazioa Leioa, Sede Building, 3rd Floor, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Patricia García-Gallastegi
- Physiology Department, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Alice Agliano
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, Cancer Research UK Cancer Imaging Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London SW7 3RP, UK
- Department of Materials and Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Fernando Unda
- Cell Biology and Histology Department, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Gaskon Ibarretxe
- Cell Biology and Histology Department, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain
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3
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Comparative analysis of magnetically activated cell sorting and ultracentrifugation methods for exosome isolation. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0282238. [PMID: 36854030 PMCID: PMC9974127 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes regulate cell migration, proliferation, differentiation, and synthesis of the extracellular matrix, giving great potential for the treatment of different diseases. The ultracentrifugation method is the gold standard method for exosome isolation due to the simple protocol, and high yield, but presents low purity and requires specialized equipment. Amelioration of technical optimization is required for quick and reliable confinement of exosomes to translate them to the clinic as cell therapeutics In this study, we hypothesized that magnetically activated cell sorting may provide, an effective, reliable, and rapid tool for exosome isolation when compared to ultracentrifugation. We, therefore, aimed to compare the efficiency of magnetically activated cell sorting and ultracentrifugation for human mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosome isolation from culture media by protein quantification, surface biomarker, size, number, and morphological analysis. Magnetically activated cell sorting provided a higher purity and amount of exosomes that carry visible magnetic beads when compared to ultracentrifugation. The particle number of the magnetically activated cell sorting group was higher than the ultracentrifugation. In conclusion, magnetically activated cell sorting presents a quick, and reliable method to collect and present human mesenchymal stem cell exosomes to clinics at high purity for potential cellular therapeutic approaches. The novel isolation and purification method may be extended to different clinical protocols using different autogenic or allogeneic cell sources.
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4
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Chemically Defined Conditions Mediate an Efficient Induction of Dental Pulp Pluripotent-Like Stem Cells into Hepatocyte-Like Cells. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:5212852. [PMID: 34795766 PMCID: PMC8593589 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5212852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver diseases are major causes of morbidity and mortality. Dental pulp pluripotent-like stem cells (DPPSCs) are of a considerable promise in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine as a new source of tissue-specific cells; therefore, this study is aimed at demonstrating their ability to generate functional hepatocyte-like cells in vitro. Cells were differentiated on a collagen scaffold in serum-free media supplemented with growth factors and cytokines to recapitulate liver development. At day 5, the differentiated DPPSC cells expressed the endodermal markers FOXA1 and FOXA2. Then, the cells were derived into the hepatic lineage generating hepatocyte-like cells. In addition to the associated morphological changes, the cells expressed the hepatic genes HNF6 and AFP. The terminally differentiated hepatocyte-like cells expressed the liver functional proteins albumin and CYP3A4. In this study, we report an efficient serum-free protocol to differentiate DPPSCs into functional hepatocyte-like cells. Our approach promotes the use of DPPSCs as a new source of adult stem cells for prospective use in liver regenerative medicine.
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5
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Al Madhoun A, Sindhu S, Haddad D, Atari M, Ahmad R, Al-Mulla F. Dental Pulp Stem Cells Derived From Adult Human Third Molar Tooth: A Brief Review. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:717624. [PMID: 34712658 PMCID: PMC8545885 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.717624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The fields of regenerative medicine and stem cell-based tissue engineering have the potential of treating numerous tissue and organ defects. The use of adult stem cells is of particular interest when it comes to dynamic applications in translational medicine. Recently, dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) have been traced in third molars of adult humans. DPSCs have been isolated and characterized by several groups. DPSCs have promising characteristics including self-renewal capacity, rapid proliferation, colony formation, multi-lineage differentiation, and pluripotent gene expression profile. Nevertheless, genotypic, and phenotypic heterogeneities have been reported for DPSCs subpopulations which may influence their therapeutic potentials. The underlying causes of DPSCs’ heterogeneity remain poorly understood; however, their heterogeneity emerges as a consequence of an interplay between intrinsic and extrinsic cellular factors. The main objective of the manuscript is to review the current literature related to the human DPSCs derived from the third molar, with a focus on their physiological properties, isolation procedures, culture conditions, self-renewal, proliferation, lineage differentiation capacities and their prospective advances use in pre-clinical and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf Al Madhoun
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait.,Department of Animal and Imaging Core Facilities, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Sardar Sindhu
- Department of Animal and Imaging Core Facilities, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Dania Haddad
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Maher Atari
- Biointelligence Technology Systems S.L., Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rasheed Ahmad
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Fahd Al-Mulla
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
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6
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Al Madhoun A, Haddad D, Al Tarrah M, Jacob S, Al-Ali W, Nizam R, Miranda L, Al-Rashed F, Sindhu S, Ahmad R, Bitar MS, Al-Mulla F. Microarray analysis reveals ONC201 mediated differential mechanisms of CHOP gene regulation in metastatic and nonmetastatic colorectal cancer cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11893. [PMID: 34088951 PMCID: PMC8178367 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91092-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The imipramine ONC201 has antiproliferative effects in several cancer cell types and activates integrated stress response pathway associated with the induction of Damage Inducible Transcript 3 (DDIT3, also known as C/EBP homologous protein or CHOP). We investigated the signaling pathways through which ONC201/CHOP crosstalk is regulated in ONC201-treated nonmetastatic and metastatic cancer cell lines (Dukes' type B colorectal adenocarcinoma nonmetastatic SW480 and metastatic LS-174T cells, respectively). Cell proliferation and apoptosis were evaluated by MTT assays and flow cytometry, gene expression was assessed by Affymetrix microarray, signaling pathway perturbations were assessed in silico, and key regulatory proteins were validated by Western blotting. Unlike LS-174T cells, SW480 cells were resistant to ONC201 treatment; Gene Ontology analysis of differentially expressed genes showed that cellular responsiveness to ONC201 treatment also differed substantially. In both ONC201-treated cell lines, CHOP expression was upregulated; however, its upstream regulatory mechanisms were perturbed. Although, PERK, ATF6 and IRE1 ER-stress pathways upregulated CHOP in both cell types, the Bak/Bax pathway regulated CHOP only LS-174T cells. Additionally, CHOP RNA splicing profiles varied between cell lines; these were further modified by ONC201 treatment. In conclusion, we delineated the signaling mechanisms by which CHOP expression is regulated in ONC201-treated non-metastatic and metastatic colorectal cell lines. The observed differences could be related to cellular plasticity and metabolic reprogramming, nevertheless, detailed mechanistic studies are required for further validations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf Al Madhoun
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, 15462, Dasman, Kuwait. .,Department of Animal and Imaging Core Facilities, Dasman Diabetes Institute, 15462, Dasman, Kuwait.
| | - Dania Haddad
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, 15462, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Mustafa Al Tarrah
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, 15462, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Sindhu Jacob
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, 15462, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Waleed Al-Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, 046302, Jabriya, Kuwait
| | - Rasheeba Nizam
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, 15462, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Lavina Miranda
- Department of Animal and Imaging Core Facilities, Dasman Diabetes Institute, 15462, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Fatema Al-Rashed
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Dasman Diabetes Institute, 15462, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Sardar Sindhu
- Department of Animal and Imaging Core Facilities, Dasman Diabetes Institute, 15462, Dasman, Kuwait.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Dasman Diabetes Institute, 15462, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Rasheed Ahmad
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Dasman Diabetes Institute, 15462, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Milad S Bitar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, 046302, Jabriya, Kuwait
| | - Fahd Al-Mulla
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, 15462, Dasman, Kuwait.
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7
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Kochumon S, Al Madhoun A, Al-Rashed F, Thomas R, Sindhu S, Al-Ozairi E, Al-Mulla F, Ahmad R. Elevated adipose tissue associated IL-2 expression in obesity correlates with metabolic inflammation and insulin resistance. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16364. [PMID: 33004937 PMCID: PMC7530670 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73347-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue (AT) associated cytokines are involved in the development of chronic low-grade inflammation in obese individuals. IL-2, a pleiotropic cytokine, contributes to immune alterations during inflammation. However, the interaction between AT-IL-2 and other inflammatory biomolecules in obesity remains elusive. We investigated whether AT-IL-2 expression was associated with markers of inflammation and insulin resistance in overweight/obese individuals. Subcutaneous fat tissues were collected from 56 individuals (lean/overweight/obese) for RNA extraction. IL-2 and inflammatory mediators were quantified by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. CRP was measured by ELISA. AT-IL-2 expression was higher in obese compared with lean individuals (P < 0.021) and correlated with BMI. IL-2 correlated with interleukins IL-8 and IL-12A (r = 0.333–0.481; p = 0.0001–0.029); as well as with chemokines and their receptors including CCL5, CCL19, CCR2 and CCR5 (r = 0.538–0.677; p < 0.0001). Moreover, IL-2 correlated with toll-like receptors (TLR2, TLR8, TLR10), interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) and cluster of differentiation CD11c (r = 0.282–0.357; p < 0.039). Notably, IL-2 was associated positively with fasting blood glucose (FBG), HbA1c, TGL and CRP (r ≥ 0.423;P ≤ 0.007). In multiple regression analysis, IL-2 is an independent predictor of IL-8, IL-12A, TLR10, TGL and HbA1c. Overall, our data demonstrate that increased expression of the AT-IL-2, in obesity, may represent a novel biomarker for progression of metabolic inflammation and insulin-resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihab Kochumon
- Immunology and Microbiology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Jasim Mohamad Al Bahar St., P.O. Box 1180, 15462, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Ashraf Al Madhoun
- Animal and Imaging Core Facilities, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait.,Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Fatema Al-Rashed
- Immunology and Microbiology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Jasim Mohamad Al Bahar St., P.O. Box 1180, 15462, Kuwait City, Kuwait.,Immunology Department, Ministry of Health, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Reeby Thomas
- Immunology and Microbiology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Jasim Mohamad Al Bahar St., P.O. Box 1180, 15462, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Sardar Sindhu
- Animal and Imaging Core Facilities, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Ebaa Al-Ozairi
- Medical Division, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Fahd Al-Mulla
- Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Rasheed Ahmad
- Immunology and Microbiology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Jasim Mohamad Al Bahar St., P.O. Box 1180, 15462, Kuwait City, Kuwait.
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8
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Comparative Proteomic Analysis Identifies EphA2 as a Specific Cell Surface Marker for Wharton's Jelly-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176437. [PMID: 32899389 PMCID: PMC7503404 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Wharton’s jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) are a valuable tool in stem cell research due to their high proliferation rate, multi-lineage differentiation potential, and immunotolerance properties. However, fibroblast impurity during WJ-MSCs isolation is unavoidable because of morphological similarities and shared surface markers. Here, a proteomic approach was employed to identify specific proteins differentially expressed by WJ-MSCs in comparison to those by neonatal foreskin and adult skin fibroblasts (NFFs and ASFs, respectively). Mass spectrometry analysis identified 454 proteins with a transmembrane domain. These proteins were then compared across the different cell-lines and categorized based on their cellular localizations, biological processes, and molecular functions. The expression patterns of a selected set of proteins were further confirmed by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), Western blotting, and immunofluorescence assays. As anticipated, most of the studied proteins had common expression patterns. However, EphA2, SLC25A4, and SOD2 were predominantly expressed by WJ-MSCs, while CDH2 and Talin2 were specific to NFFs and ASFs, respectively. Here, EphA2 was established as a potential surface-specific marker to distinguish WJ-MSCs from fibroblasts and for prospective use to prepare pure primary cultures of WJ-MSCs. Additionally, CDH2 could be used for a negative-selection isolation/depletion method to remove neonatal fibroblasts contaminating preparations of WJ-MSCs.
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9
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Wang D, Liu N, Xie Y, Song B, Kong S, Sun X. Different culture method changing CD105 expression in amniotic fluid MSCs without affecting differentiation ability or immune function. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:4212-4222. [PMID: 32119193 PMCID: PMC7171344 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
MSCs are kind of cultured cells that reside in different tissues as inducers or regulators of physiological and pathological processes. Here, we derived MSCs from amniotic fluid and compared their differentiation ability and immunosuppression effect on PHA‐activated PBMC with those of MSCs isolated from umbilical cords. Amniotic fluid MSCs were isolated and cultured on commercial AFC medium and classic MSC medium, and the number and size of colonies were used to evaluate differences in primary and passaged culture. Rate of proliferation, population doubling time, cell morphology, cell surface markers and mRNA expression were measured in subcultured cells. Furthermore, a comparative study was performed with umbilical cord MSCs to assess the ability of differentiation and immunosuppressive effect of PHA‐stimulated PBMCs. Amniotic fluid MSCs were isolated and expanded by three methods, and exhibited nearly all the characteristics of umbilical cord MSCs. Compared with umbilical cord MSCs, amniotic fluid MSCs had an enhanced osteogenic and chrondrogenic differentiation capability, and stronger immunosuppression effect of inhibition of PHA‐activated PBMC division. Culture with commercial AFCs medium yielded the highest percentage of CD105 expression and showed some advantages in primary cell isolation, cell source‐specific marker retention and cell proliferation. We demonstrated that amniotic fluid MSCs exhibited some advantages over umbilical cord MSCs, and different culture media caused cell proliferation, cell surface marker and cell morphology change, but were not associated with varying differentiation capability and immune effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Wang
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Experimental Department of Institute of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nengqing Liu
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Experimental Department of Institute of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingjun Xie
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Experimental Department of Institute of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bing Song
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Experimental Department of Institute of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shu Kong
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Experimental Department of Institute of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofang Sun
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Experimental Department of Institute of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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10
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Coates DE, Alansary M, Friedlander L, Zanicotti DG, Duncan WJ. Dental pulp stem cells in serum-free medium for regenerative medicine. J R Soc N Z 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/03036758.2019.1673447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dawn E. Coates
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Mohammad Alansary
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Lara Friedlander
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Diogo G. Zanicotti
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Warwick J. Duncan
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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11
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Pavathuparambil Abdul Manaph N, Sivanathan KN, Nitschke J, Zhou XF, Coates PT, Drogemuller CJ. An overview on small molecule-induced differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into beta cells for diabetic therapy. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:293. [PMID: 31547868 PMCID: PMC6757413 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1396-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The field of regenerative medicine provides enormous opportunities for generating beta cells from different stem cell sources for cellular therapy. Even though insulin-secreting cells can be generated from a variety of stem cell types like pluripotent stem cells and embryonic stem cells, the ideal functional cells should be generated from patients' own cells and expanded to considerable levels by non-integrative culture techniques. In terms of the ease of isolation, plasticity, and clinical translation to generate autologous cells, mesenchymal stem cell stands superior. Furthermore, small molecules offer a great advantage in terms of generating functional beta cells from stem cells. Research suggests that most of the mesenchymal stem cell-based protocols to generate pancreatic beta cells have small molecules in their cocktail. However, most of the protocols generate cells that mimic the characteristics of human beta cells, thereby generating "beta cell-like cells" as opposed to mature beta cells. Diabetic therapy becomes feasible only when there are robust, functional, and safe cells for replacing the damaged or lost beta cells. In this review, we discuss the current protocols used to generate beta cells from mesenchymal cells, with emphasis on small molecule-mediated conversion into insulin-producing beta cell-like cells. Our data and the data presented from the references within this review would suggest that although mesenchymal stem cells are an attractive cell type for cell therapy they are not readily converted into functional mature beta cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimshitha Pavathuparambil Abdul Manaph
- Central Northern Adelaide Renal and Transplantation Service, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia. .,School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia. .,School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia. .,Neurological Disorders Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Kisha N Sivanathan
- Central Northern Adelaide Renal and Transplantation Service, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia.,School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia.,School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia.,Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jodie Nitschke
- Central Northern Adelaide Renal and Transplantation Service, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia.,School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - Xin-Fu Zhou
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - Patrick T Coates
- Central Northern Adelaide Renal and Transplantation Service, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia.,School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - Christopher John Drogemuller
- Central Northern Adelaide Renal and Transplantation Service, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia.,School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
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