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Molins F, Gil-Gómez JA, Serrano MÁ, Mesa-Gresa P. An ecological assessment of decision-making under risk and ambiguity through the virtual serious game Kalliste Decision Task. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13144. [PMID: 38849446 PMCID: PMC11161587 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63752-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Traditional methods for evaluating decision-making provide valuable insights yet may fall short in capturing the complexity of this cognitive capacity, often providing insufficient for the multifaceted nature of decisions. The Kalliste Decision Task (KDT) is introduced as a comprehensive, ecologically valid tool aimed at bridging this gap, offering a holistic perspective on decision-making. In our study, 81 participants completed KDT alongside established tasks and questionnaires, including the Mixed Gamble Task (MGT), Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), and Stimulating & Instrumental Risk Questionnaire (S&IRQ). They also completed the User Satisfaction Evaluation Questionnaire (USEQ). The results showed excellent usability, with high USEQ scores, highlighting the user-friendliness of KDT. Importantly, KDT outcomes showed significant correlations with classical decision-making variables, shedding light on participants' risk attitudes (S&IRQ), rule-based decision-making (MGT), and performance in ambiguous contexts (IGT). Moreover, hierarchical clustering analysis of KDT scores categorized participants into three distinct profiles, revealing significant differences between them on classical measures. The findings highlight KDT as a valuable tool for assessing decision-making, addressing limitations of traditional methods, and offering a comprehensive, ecologically valid approach that aligns with the complexity and heterogeneity of real-world decision-making, advancing research and providing insights for understanding and assessing decision-making across multiple domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Molins
- Department of Psychobiology, Universitat de València, Av. Blasco Ibáñez, 13, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - José-Antonio Gil-Gómez
- Instituto Universitario de Automática e Informática Industrial, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Serrano
- Department of Psychobiology, Universitat de València, Av. Blasco Ibáñez, 13, 46010, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Patricia Mesa-Gresa
- Department of Psychobiology, Universitat de València, Av. Blasco Ibáñez, 13, 46010, Valencia, Spain
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de Leon-Martinez S, Ruiz M, Parra-Vargas E, Chicchi-Giglioli I, Courtet P, Lopez-Castroman J, Artes A, Baca-Garcia E, Porras-Segovia AA, Barrigon ML. Virtual reality and speech analysis for the assessment of impulsivity and decision-making: protocol for a comparison with neuropsychological tasks and self-administered questionnaires. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e058486. [PMID: 35831051 PMCID: PMC9280903 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-058486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Impulsivity is present in a range of mental disorders and has been associated with suicide. Traditional measures of impulsivity have certain limitations, such as the lack of ecological validity. Virtual reality (VR) may overcome these issues. This study aims to validate the VR assessment tool 'Spheres & Shield Maze Task' and speech analysis by comparing them with traditional measures. We hypothesise that these innovative tools will be reliable and acceptable by patients, potentially improving the simultaneous assessment of impulsivity and decision-making. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This study will be carried out at the University Hospital Fundación Jiménez Díaz (Madrid, Spain). Our sample will consist of adults divided into three groups: psychiatric outpatients with a history of suicidal thoughts and/or behaviours, psychiatric outpatients without such a history and healthy volunteers. The target sample size was established at 300 participants (100 per group). Participants will complete the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale 11; the Urgency, Premeditation, Perseverance, Sensation Seeking, Positive Urgency, Impulsive Behaviour Scale; Iowa Gambling Task; Continuous Performance Test; Stop signal Task, and Go/no-go task, three questions of emotional affect, the Spheres & Shield Maze Task and two satisfaction surveys. During these tasks, participant speech will be recorded. Construct validity of the VR environment will be calculated. We will also explore the association between VR-assessed impulsivity and history of suicidal thoughts and/or behaviour, and the association between speech and impulsivity and decision-making. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the University Hospital Fundación Jiménez Díaz (PIC128-21_FJD). Participants will be required to provide written informed consent. The findings will be presented in a series of manuscripts that will be submitted to peer-reviewed journals for publication. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT05109845; Pre-results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marta Ruiz
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario Rey Juan Carlos, Mostoles, Spain
| | - Elena Parra-Vargas
- Laboratory of Immersive Neurotechnologies (LabLENI), Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Irene Chicchi-Giglioli
- Department of Signal Theory and Communications, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Getafe, Spain
| | - Philippe Courtet
- Unité de recherche U1061, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Paris, France
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Antonio Artes
- Department of Signal Theory and Communications, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Leganés, Spain
| | - Enrique Baca-Garcia
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario Rey Juan Carlos, Mostoles, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Centre Nimes, Nimes, France
- Grupo de Investigación en Psiquiatría Translacional, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de la Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad Catolica del Maule, Talca, Chile
- Department of Psychiatry, Madrid Autonomous University, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, General Hospital of Villalba, Villaba, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERSAM (Centro de Investigacion en Salud Mental), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Infanta Elena, Valdemoro, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Albán Porras-Segovia
- Grupo de Investigación en Psiquiatría Translacional, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de la Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Madrid, Spain
- Division of Psychiatry, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Maria Luisa Barrigon
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain
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An Immersive Virtual Reality Game for Predicting Risk Taking through the Use of Implicit Measures. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11020825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Risk taking (RT) measurement constitutes a challenge for researchers and practitioners and has been addressed from different perspectives. Personality traits and temperamental aspects such as sensation seeking and impulsivity influence the individual’s approach to RT, prompting risk-seeking or risk-aversion behaviors. Virtual reality has emerged as a suitable tool for RT measurement, since it enables the exposure of a person to realistic risks, allowing embodied interactions, the application of stealth assessment techniques and physiological real-time measurement. In this article, we present the assessment on decision making in risk environments (AEMIN) tool, as an enhanced version of the spheres and shield maze task, a previous tool developed by the authors. The main aim of this article is to study whether it is possible is to discriminate participants with high versus low scores in the measures of personality, sensation seeking and impulsivity, through their behaviors and physiological responses during playing AEMIN. Applying machine learning methods to the dataset we explored: (a) if through these data it is possible to discriminate between the two populations in each variable; and (b) which parameters better discriminate between the two populations in each variable. The results support the use of AEMIN as an ecological assessment tool to measure RT, since it brings to light behaviors that allow to classify the subjects into high/low risk-related psychological constructs. Regarding physiological measures, galvanic skin response seems to be less salient in prediction models.
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