CXCL12-3′ G801A Polymorphism Is Not a Risk Factor for Breast Cancer

Associations of CXCL12 polymorphisms with clinicopathological features in breast cancer: a case-control study

Background

Previous studies suggested that CXCL12 was involved in the development, metastasis, and invasion of breast cancer, and genetic variants were associated with the diagnosis and prognosis of patients with breast cancer. The present study was aimed to assess the relationships between CXCL12 polymorphisms (rs1801157, rs2297630, and rs2839693) and susceptibility and clinicopathological features of breast cancer.

Methods

A case-control study was conducted in 434 breast cancer patients and 450 health controls. Student t-test and chi-square test were used to analyze the differences of age distribution and genotype frequencies between the two groups. Correlations between polymorphisms and clinical parameters were also assessed by chi-square test. The potential effects of the three polymorphisms on CXCL12 were investigated by the public database.

Results

A statistical association was found between CXCL12 rs1801157 polymorphism and breast cancer risk, possibility of metastasis, and estrogen receptor status. Patients with rs2839693 C/T or C/T-T/T genotypes were more likely to be progesterone receptor-negative. However, no associations of rs2297630 polymorphism with breast cancer risk or any clinicopathological characteristics were observed. In addition, rs2297630 affected the splicing quantitative trait loci of CXCL12 in the subcutaneous fat, rs2839693 polymorphism affected the splicing quantitative trait loci of CXCL12 in the human breast mammary tissues.

Conclusions

Those results indicated that CXCL12 polymorphisms might be potential diagnostic indicators, and more investigation is needed in the future.

Supplementary Information

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11033-021-07047-9.

CXCL12 chemokine and CXCR4 receptor: association with susceptibility and prognostic markers in triple negative breast cancer

CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling has been implicated in breast carcinogenesis, and genetic polymorphisms in these molecules have been associated with different types of cancer. The present study analyzed genetic polymorphisms in CXCL12 (rs1801157, G > A) and CXCR4 (rs2228014, C > T) and CXCR4 immunostaining in tumor tissues from patients with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) aiming to evaluate their possible role in its' susceptibility and prognosis. Genetic polymorphisms were analyzed in 59 TNBC patients and 150 control women; age-adjusted logistic regression showed no association when variants were considered in isolation; however, a statistically significant interaction was noted for heterozygosis for both allelic variants increasing the odds for TNBC (CXCL12-GA by CXCR4-CT: OR 7.23; 95% CI 1.15-45.41; p = 0.035). CXCL12 polymorphism was correlated negatively with proliferation index (Ki67) (Tau-b = - 0.406; p = 0.006). CXCR4 immunostaining was evaluated in 37 TNBC patients (22 with paired tumor-normal adjacent tissue). CXCR4 was detected more intensely in cell cytoplasm than in membrane, and was more expressed in tumor than in normal adjacent tissues, although not statistically significant. CXCR4 expression on the membrane of tumor cells was correlated positively with histopathological grade (Tau-b = 0.271; p = 0.036) and negatively with lymph node metastasis (Tau-b = - 0.478; p = 0.036). The present study indicates that CXCL12 and CXCR4 polymorphisms and CXCR4 immunostaining might have susceptibility and prognostic roles in TNBC pathogenesis.

The SDF-1 rs1801157 Polymorphism is Associated with Cancer Risk: An Update Pooled Analysis and FPRP Test of 17,876 Participants

The stromal cell derived factor-1 (SDF-1) rs1801157 gene polymorphism has been implicated in susceptibility to cancer, but the results were inconclusive. The current study was to precisely investigate the association between SDF-1 rs1801157 polymorphism and cancer risk using meta-analysis and the false positive report probability (FPRP) test. All 17,876 participants were included in the study. The meta-analysis results indicated a significant association between the SDF-1 rs1801157 polymorphism and cancer risk. By subgroup analyses, the results detected that the SDF-1 rs1801157 polymorphism was associated with cancer susceptibility among Asians and Caucasians. Additionally, we also found significant associations between the SDF-1 rs1801157 polymorphism and susceptibility to different types of cancer. However, to avoid a "false positive report", we further investigated the significant associations observed in the present meta-analysis using the FPRP test. Interestingly, the results of the FPRP test indicated that only 4 gene models were truly associated with cancer risk, especially in Asians. Moreover, we confirmed that the SDF-1 rs1801157 gene polymorphism was only associated with lung and urologic cancer risk. In summary, this study suggested that the SDF-1 rs1801157 polymorphism may serve as a risk factor for cancer development among Asians, especially an increased risk of urologic and lung cancers.

Relationship between SDF-1G801A polymorphism and its expression in Tunisian patients with colorectal cancer

The aim was to evaluate the relationship between SDF-1G801A polymorphism and its immunohistochemical expression in colorectal cancer tissues in the Tunisian cohort. The molecular and immunohistochemical analysis showed that SDF-1G801A polymorphic variant was higher in CRC patients with TNM stage II and III, the SDF-1 expression was significantly increased from normal mucosa to primary tumor (p < 0.05). CRC patients have higher frequency of A allele (52.01%) than controls (26.8%) (P = 0.0001). Thus, SDF-1 polymorphism is a risk factor of colorectal cancer susceptibility in our population, the polymorph genotype of SDF-1 maybe associated with clinical manifestations in CRC patients in Tunisia.

Beneficial effect of the CXCL12-3'A variant for patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from unrelated donors

The present study aimed to assess the impact of the CXCL12 gene polymorphism (rs1801157) on clinical outcome of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from unrelated donors. Toxic complications were less frequent among patients transplanted from donors carrying the CXCL12-3'-A allele (42/79 vs. 105/151, p=0.014 and 24/79 vs. 73/151, p=0.009, for grade II-IV and III-IV, respectively). Logistic regression analyses confirmed a role of donor A allele (OR=0.509, p=0.022 and OR=0.473, p=0.013 for grade II-IV and III-IV toxicity). In addition, age of recipients (OR=0.980, p=0.036 and OR=0.981, p=0.040, respectively) was independently protective while female to male transplantation and HLA compatibility were not significant. The incidence of aGvHD (grades I-IV) was lower in patients having A allele (52/119 vs. 113/204, p=0.043) and AA homozygous genotype (6/25 vs. 159/298, p=0.005). Independent associations of both genetic markers with a decreased risk of aGvHD were also seen in multivariate analyses (A allele: OR=0.591, p=0.030; AA homozygosity: OR=0.257, p=0.006) in which HLA compatibility seemed to play less protective role (p<0.1) while recipient age and donor-recipient gender relation were not significant. Moreover, CXCL12-3'-A-positive patients were less prone to early HHV-6 reactivation (2/34 vs. 19/69, p=0.026). The presence of the CXCL12-3'-A variant was found to facilitate outcome of unrelated HSCT.

CCR2-64I polymorphism is associated with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in Tunisian patients

Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) in genes coding for chemokines may be associated with some cancer. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of CCR2-64I and CXCL12-3'A SNPs on the susceptibility and the clinicopathological characteristics of NSCLC (Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer) in the Tunisian population. 170 NSCLC patients and 225 healthy controls screened by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis were enrolled. A significant association for the homozygous genotype CCR2 64I/64I with lung cancer risk was observed (P=0.004). An increased significant frequency of the -64I allele (P=0.0006) was noted in the patient's group. Clinical analysis indicated a positive association of the -64I allele among squamous cell lung carcinoma patients (P=0.003). The CCR2 mRNA extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was found highly expressed in NSCLC patients compared to controls. The same higher levels were found in patients carrying the CCR2 64I/64I genotype. No significant association was retrieved with CXCL12-3'A polymorphism. In conclusion, our results revealed that the subjects with -64I allele of CCR2-64I gene polymorphism, expressed a significantly higher risk for NSCLC risk without influence on its pathological progression.

The G801A polymorphism in the CXCL12 gene and risk of breast carcinoma: evidence from a meta-analysis including 2,931 subjects

More and more evidence indicates that the G801A polymorphism in the CXCL12 gene might be associated with susceptibility to breast carcinoma in humans being. However, individually published results have been inconsistent. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to investigate the association between the G801A polymorphism in the CXCL12 gene and breast carcinoma risk. A complete search strategy was done by the electronic databases including PubMed and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database. A meta-analysis including seven individual studies was carried out in order to explore the association between the G801A polymorphism in the CXCL12 gene polymorphisms and breast carcinoma. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) between the G801A polymorphism in the CXCL12 gene and breast carcinoma risk were assessed by the random-effects model. A significant relationship between the G801A polymorphism in the CXCL12 gene and breast carcinoma was discovered in an allelic genetic model (OR: 1.214, 95%CI: 1.085- 1.358, p=0.001), a homozygote model (OR: 1.663, 95%CI: 1.240-2.232, p=0.001), a heterozygote model (OR: 1.392, 95%CI: 1.190-1.629, p=0.000), a recessive genetic model (OR: 1.407, 95%CI: 1.060-1.868, p=0.018) and a dominant genetic model (OR: 1.427, 95%CI: 1.228-1.659, p=0.000). On sub-group analysis based on ethnicity, significance was observed between the European group and the mixed group. A significant relationship was found between the G801A polymorphism in the CXCL12 gene and breast carcinoma risk. Individuals with the A allele of the G801A polymorphism in the CXCL12 gene are under a higher risk for breast carcinoma.

The CXCL12 G801A polymorphism is associated with cancer risk: a meta-analysis

Background

CXCL12 is a small chemotactic cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family expressed in various organs. It contributes to the migration, invasion and angiogenesis of cancer cells. Recently, the CXCL12 G801A polymorphism was shown to be associated with an increased risk of various kinds of cancers, but the results were too inconsistent to be conclusive.

Methods

To solve the problem of inadequate statistical power and conflicting results, a meta-analysis of published case-control studies was performed, including 4,435 cancer cases and 6,898 controls. Odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to determine the strength of association between CXCL12 G801A polymorphism and cancer risk.

Results

A significant association between CXCL12 G801A polymorphism and cancer risk was found under all genetic models. Further, subgroup analysis stratified by ethnicity suggested a significant association between CXCL12 G801A polymorphism and cancer risk in the Asian subgroup under all genetic models. However, in the Caucasian subgroup, a significant association was only found under an additive genetic model and a dominant genetic model. The analysis stratified by cancer type found that CXCL12 G801A polymorphism may increase the risk of breast cancer, lung cancer, and “other” cancers. Based on subgroup stratified by source of controls, a significant association was observed in hospital-based studies under all genetic models.

Conclusions

The CXCL12 G801A polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of cancer based on current published data. In the future, large-scale well-designed studies with more information are needed to better estimate possible gene-gene or gene-environment interactions.

The CXCL12 G801A polymorphism and cancer risk: evidence from 17 case-control studies

CXCL12 has been implicated in human carcinogenesis, but the association between the most-studied G801A polymorphism (rs1801157) and the risk of various cancers was reported with inconclusive results. The aim of this study was to assess the association between the CXCL12 G801A polymorphism and cancer risk. A meta-analysis of 17 studies with 3048 cancer patients and 4522 controls was conducted to evaluate the strength of the association using odds ratio (OR) with its 95% confidence interval (CI). The overall results showed that the variant genotypes were associated with a significantly increased risk of all cancer types (OR=1.38, 95%CI=1.18-1.61 for GA versus GG, and OR=1.36, 95%CI=1.17-1.59 for GA/AA versus GG). In the stratified analyses, there was a significantly increased risk for the studies of breast cancer (OR=1.64, 95% CI=1.16-2.33 for AA versus GG, OR=1.42, 95%CI=1.18-1.71 for GA versus GG, and OR=1.44, 95%CI=1.21-1.72 for GA/AA versus GG) and lung cancer (OR=2.86, 95% CI=1.75-4.69 for AA versus GG, OR=1.62, 95% CI=1.20-2.18 for GA vs. GG, OR=1.80, 95% CI=1.36-2.39 for GA/AA versus GG, and OR=2.24, 95%CI=1.41-3.57 for AA versus GA/GG), which remained for the studies of Asian populations and hospital-based control sources. Although some modest bias could not be eliminated, this meta-analysis indicates that the CXCL12 G801A polymorphism is a low-penetrance risk factor for cancer development.