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Zheng X, Su H, Wang L, Yao R, Ma Y, Bai L, Wang Y, Guo X, Wang Z. Phosphoproteomics Analysis Reveals a Pivotal Mechanism Related to Amino Acid Signals in Goat Fetal Fibroblast. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:685548. [PMID: 34414225 PMCID: PMC8370256 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.685548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to serving as the building blocks for protein synthesis, amino acids serve as critical signaling molecules in cells. However, the mechanism through which amino acid signals are sensed in cells is not yet fully understood. This study examined differences in the phosphorylation levels of proteins in response to amino acid signals in Cashmere goat fetal fibroblasts (GFb). Amino acid deficiency was found to induce autophagy and attenuate mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin complex (mTORC1)/Unc-51-like autophagy activating kinase 1 (ULK1) signaling in GFb cells. A total of 144 phosphosites on 102 proteins positively associated with amino acid signaling were screened using phosphorylation-based proteomics analysis. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway was found to play a potentially important role in the interaction network involved in the response to amino acid signals, according to gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis, and MAPK1/3 may serve as a central hub for the entire network. Motif analysis identified three master motifs, xxx_S_Pxx, xxx_S_xxE, and xxx_S_xDx, which were centered on those phosphosites at which phosphorylation was positively regulated by amino acid signaling. Additionally, the phosphorylation levels of three membrane proteins, the zinc transporter SLC39A7, the sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporters SLC1A5 and SLC38A7, and three translation initiation factors, eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF)5B, eIF4G, and eIF3C, were positively regulated by amino acid signals. These pivotal proteins were added to currently known signaling pathways to generate a novel model of the network pathways associated with amino acid signals. Finally, the phosphorylation levels of threonine 203 and tyrosine 205 on MAPK3 in response to amino acid signals were examined by western blot analysis, and the results were consistent with the data from the phosphoproteomics analysis. The findings of this study provide new evidence and insights into the precise mechanism through which amino acid signals are sensed and conducted in Cashmere goat fetal fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
- Clinical Laboratory, The Hulunbuir People's Hospital, Hailar, China
| | - Huimin Su
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Liping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Ruiyuan Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yuze Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Linfeng Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yanfeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xudong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
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Feng X, Bao L, Wu M, Zhang D, Yao L, Guo Z, Yan D, Zhao P, Hao H, Wang Z. Inhibition of ERK1/2 downregulates triglyceride and palmitic acid accumulation in cashmere goat foetal fibroblasts. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2018.1480486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Feng
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lili Bao
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, People’s Republic of China
| | - Manlin Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, People’s Republic of China
| | - Di Zhang
- College of Basic Medical Science, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, People’s Republic of China
| | - Le Yao
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhixin Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dandan Yan
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pingping Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huifang Hao
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, People’s Republic of China
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Fu Y, Zheng X, Jia X, Binderiya U, Wang Y, Bao W, Bao L, Zhao K, Fu Y, Hao H, Wang Z. A quantitative transcriptomic analysis of the physiological significance of mTOR signaling in goat fetal fibroblasts. BMC Genomics 2016; 17:879. [PMID: 27821074 PMCID: PMC5098276 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-3151-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is an evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine kinase that is a central regulator of cell growth and metabolism. CCI-779 is a specific inhibitor of the mTORC1 signaling pathway. Results We performed comparative transcriptome profiling on Inner Mongolia Cashmere goat fetal fibroblasts (GFbs) that were treated with CCI-779 and untreated cells. A total of 365 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) appeared between untreated and CCI-779-treated GFbs, with an FDR ≤0.001 and fold-change ≥2. These 365 DEGs were associated with mTOR signaling; 144 were upregulated in CCI-779-treated cells, and 221 were downregulated. Additionally, 300 genes were annotated with 43 Gene Ontology (GO) terms, and 293 genes were annotated with 194 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. Three RNA polymerase II and polymerase III subunits, 3 transcription factors, and 5 kinases in mTOR signaling were differentially expressed in CCI-779-treated GFbs. Further 6 DEGs were related to amino acid metabolism, 11 mediated lipid metabolism, 11 participated in carbohydrate metabolism, and 5 were involved in single-nucleotide metabolism. Based on our quantitative transcriptomic analysis, 40 significant DEGs with important function related to metabolism, RNA polymerase, transcription factors and mTOR signaling were selected for qPCR analysis, and the quantitative results between the two analysis methods were concordant. The qPCR data confirmed the differential expression in the RNA-Seq experiments. To validate the translational significance of the findings in certain differentially expressed genes, S6K1 and VEGF were detected by western blot, and these two proteins showed a differential expression between non-treated and treated with CCI-779 groups, which were consistent with mRNA abundance. The data showed a preliminary significance of the findings in the protein levels. Conclusions CCI-779 induces transcriptomic changes, and mTOR signaling might have significant function in the activation of RNA polymerase and certain transcription factors and in the metabolism of amino acids, lipids, carbohydrates, and single nucleotides in GFbs. These data filled the vacancy in the systematical profiling of mTOR signaling on Cashmere goat fetal fibroblasts. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-3151-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Fu
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Xu Zheng
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China.,Clinical Laboratory, The Hulunbuir People's Hospital, Hailaer, 021008, China
| | - Xiaoyang Jia
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Uyanga Binderiya
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Yanfeng Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Wenlei Bao
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Lili Bao
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China.,College of Basic Medical Science, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Keyu Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Yu Fu
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Huifang Hao
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China.
| | - Zhigang Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China.
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Sha M, Ye J, Luan ZY, Guo T, Wang B, Huang JX. Celastrol induces cell cycle arrest by MicroRNA-21-mTOR-mediated inhibition p27 protein degradation in gastric cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2015; 15:101. [PMID: 26500453 PMCID: PMC4619578 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-015-0256-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Celastrol has anti-cancer effects by increase of apoptosis of gastric cancer cells. However, its role in gastric cancer
cell cycle is still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect and mechanism of celastrol on gastric cancer cell cycle. Methods The effects of celastrol on cell cycle in BGC-823 and MGC-803 cells were assayed via flow cytometry analysis. The expression of p27 and mTOR was detected by real-time PCR and western blot. The activity of mTOR and mTORC2 was measured by mTOR and mTORC2 kinase assays. miR-21 mimic was used to up-regulate miR-21 expression and mTOR expression plasmid was used to increase mTOR level in gastric cancer cells. Results Celastrol caused G2/M cell-cycle arrest that was accompanied by the down-regulation of miR-21 expression. In particular, miR-21 overexpression reversed cell cycle arrest effects of celastrol. Further study showed that celastrol increased levels of the p27 protein by inhibiting its degradation. miR-21 and mTOR signaling pathway was involved in the increase of p27 protein expression in BGC-823 and MGC-803 cells treated with celastrol. Significantly, miR-21 overexpression restored the decrease of mTOR activity in cells exposed celastrol. Conclusions The effect of celastrol on cell cycle arrest of gastric cancer cells was due to an increase of p27 protein level via inhibiting miR-21-mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Sha
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taizhou People's Hospital Affiliated of Nantong University of Medicine, Taizhou, 225300 China
| | - Jun Ye
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taizhou People's Hospital Affiliated of Nantong University of Medicine, Taizhou, 225300 China
| | - Zheng-Yun Luan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taizhou People's Hospital Affiliated of Nantong University of Medicine, Taizhou, 225300 China
| | - Ting Guo
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taizhou People's Hospital Affiliated of Nantong University of Medicine, Taizhou, 225300 China
| | - Bian Wang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taizhou People's Hospital Affiliated of Nantong University of Medicine, Taizhou, 225300 China
| | - Jun-Xing Huang
- Institute of Oncology, Taizhou People's Hospital Affiliated of Nantong University of Medicine, 210 Yingchun, Taizhou, 225300 Jiangsu China
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Kong Y, Si L, Li Y, Wu X, Xu X, Dai J, Tang H, Ma M, Chi Z, Sheng X, Cui C, Guo J. Analysis of mTOR Gene Aberrations in Melanoma Patients and Evaluation of Their Sensitivity to PI3K-AKT-mTOR Pathway Inhibitors. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 22:1018-27. [PMID: 26490311 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-1110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE mTOR is a validated target in cancer. It remains to be determined whether melanoma patients bearing mTOR mutation could be selected for treatment with PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway inhibitors. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN A total of 412 melanoma samples were included. Gene aberrations in all exons of mTOR were detected by Sanger sequencing and confirmed by using Agilent's SureSelect Target Enrichment System. HEK293T cells stably expressing mTOR mutants were constructed by using transcription activator-like effector nucleases technique. Function of mTOR mutants and in vitro sensitivity of gain-of-function mTOR mutations to PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway inhibitors were analyzed. RESULTS The overall incidence of somatic nonsynonymous mutations of mTOR was 10.4% (43/412). mTOR nonsynonymous mutations were relatively more frequent in acral (11.0%) and mucosal (14.3%) melanomas than in chronic sun-induced damage (CSD; 6.7%) and non-CSD (3.4%) melanomas. Of the 43 cases with mTOR mutations, 41 different mutations were detected, affecting 25 different exons. The median survival time for melanoma patients with mTOR nonsynonymous mutation was significantly shorter than that for patients without mTOR nonsynonymous mutation (P = 0.028). Transient expression of mTOR mutants in HEK293T cells strongly activated the mTOR-p70S6K pathway. In HEK293T cells with stable expression of H1968Y or P2213S mTOR mutants, LY294002 and AZD5363 showed higher potency than temsirolimus or BYL719 in inhibiting the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway and cell proliferation. CONCLUSIONS mTOR nonsynonymous mutations are frequent in melanoma patients. mTOR nonsynonymous mutation may predict a worse prognosis of melanoma. Clinical trials with PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway inhibitors may be beneficial for melanoma patients with specific mTOR mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Kong
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Si
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yiqian Li
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaowen Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaowei Xu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jie Dai
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Tang
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihong Chi
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xinan Sheng
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Chuanliang Cui
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China.
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Manlin W, Wenlei B, Xiyan H, Xu Z, Yanfeng W, Zhigang W. Molecular Characterization and Expression Analysis of S6K1 in Cashmere Goats (Capra hircus). ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2014; 26:1057-64. [PMID: 25049885 PMCID: PMC4093223 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2012.12710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Revised: 03/07/2013] [Accepted: 02/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
p70 ribosomal S6 kinase (p70S6K) can integrate nutrient and growth factor signals to promote cell growth and survival. We report our molecular characterization of the complementary DNA (cDNA) that encodes the goat p70S6K gene 40S ribosomal S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) (GenBank accession GU144017) and its 3′ noncoding sequence in Inner Mongolia Cashmere goats (Capra hircus). Goat S6K1 cDNA was 2,272 bp and include an open reading frame (ORF) of 1,578 bp, corresponding to a polypeptide of 525 amino acids, and a 694-residue 3′ noncoding sequence with a polyadenylation signal at nucleotides 2,218 to 2,223. The relative abundance of S6K1 mRNA was measured by real-time PCR in 6 tissues, and p70S6K expression was examined by immunohistochemistry in heart and testis. The phosphorylation of p70S6K is regulated by mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling in fetal fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Manlin
- College of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Bao Wenlei
- College of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Hao Xiyan
- College of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Zheng Xu
- College of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Wang Yanfeng
- College of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Wang Zhigang
- College of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
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