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Meireles GS, Aires R, Côco LZ, Kampke EH, Barroso ME, Vasquez EC, Pereira TM, Meyrelles SS, Campagnaro BP. DNA damage and repair on hematopoietic stem cells: impact of oxidative stress in renovascular hypertension. Clin Exp Hypertens 2022; 44:627-633. [PMID: 35844144 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2022.2101658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated oxidative damage to bone marrow cells in the pathogenesis of renovascular hypertension (RH). METHODS Male C57BL/6 J mice (10-week-old and ~23 g) were divided into two groups: Sham-operated and 2K1C, which has a stainless-steel clip placed around the left renal artery. After twenty-eight days, the animals were anesthetized for hemodynamic measurements and bone marrow cells isolation. The intracellular production of ROS, DNA damage, and DNA repair kinetics were evaluated. RESULTS Our results show that RH increases HSCs ROS production and that the 2K1C group showed a significant reduction of HSCs in the G0/G1 phase, increased p53 expression, DNA fragmentation, low DNA repair capacity, and a higher percentage of apoptotic cells when compared with the Sham group. CONCLUSIONS Our data imply that RH can compromise the hematopoiesis by increased oxidative stress leading to impaired DNA repair activity. Furthermore, this study provides new insights into the influence of hypertension on bone marrow homeostasis. This study showed for the first time that RH leads to oxidative damage, including genotoxic, to bone marrow cells. Thus, these findings provide new insights into the consequences of RH on bone marrow cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giselle S Meireles
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology and Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Aires
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES), Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Larissa Z Côco
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology and Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha, Brazil
| | - Edgar H Kampke
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES), Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Maria Es Barroso
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES), Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Elisardo C Vasquez
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology and Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha, Brazil
| | - Thiago Mc Pereira
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology and Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha, Brazil.,Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology (IFES), Vila Velha, Brazil
| | - Silvana S Meyrelles
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES), Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Bianca P Campagnaro
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology and Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha, Brazil
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Oliveira TF, Batista PR, Leal MA, Campagnaro BP, Nogueira BV, Vassallo DV, Meyrelles SS, Padilha AS. Chronic Cadmium Exposure Accelerates the Development of Atherosclerosis and Induces Vascular Dysfunction in the Aorta of ApoE -/- Mice. Biol Trace Elem Res 2019; 187:163-171. [PMID: 29707746 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1359-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium exposure is related to cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, atherosclerosis, increased oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and specific biochemical changes induced by this metal. Thus, we aimed to investigate whether cadmium exposure induces endothelial dysfunction, accelerates atherosclerotic plaque formation in the aorta, and enhances oxidative stress in apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE-/-) mice. Experiments were performed in 14-week-old male wild-type and ApoE-/- mice. ApoE-/- mice received cadmium (CdCl2 100 mg/L in drinking water for 28 days) or vehicle (distilled water). After treatment, vascular reactivity to phenylephrine, acetylcholine, and sodium nitroprusside was analyzed using isolated aorta. Bone marrow cells were isolated to assess the production of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. ApoE-/- cadmium-treated mice had higher cholesterol levels than non-exposed mice. Cadmium exposure decreased the vasodilatation response to acetylcholine in aortic ring of ApoE-/- mice, though no changes in phenylephrine or sodium nitroprusside responses were observed. L-NAME reduced vasodilator responses to acetylcholine; this effect was lower in ApoE-/- cadmium-treated mice, suggesting reduction in nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. Moreover, in bone marrow cells, cadmium decreased cytoplasmic levels of NO and increased superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide, and peroxynitrite in ApoE-/- mice. Morphological analysis showed that cadmium exposure increased plaque deposition in the aorta by approximately 3-fold. Our results suggest that cadmium exposure induces endothelial dysfunction in ApoE-/- mice. Moreover, cadmium increased total cholesterol levels, which may promote the early development of atherosclerosis in the aorta of ApoE-/- mice. Our findings support the hypothesis that cadmium exposure might increase the risk of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T F Oliveira
- Physiological Sciences Graduate Program, Health Sciences Center, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo CCS/UFES, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Maruípe, Vitoria, ES, 29040-091, Brazil
| | - P R Batista
- Physiological Sciences Graduate Program, Health Sciences Center, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo CCS/UFES, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Maruípe, Vitoria, ES, 29040-091, Brazil
- Escola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitoria (EMESCAM), Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - M A Leal
- Physiological Sciences Graduate Program, Health Sciences Center, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo CCS/UFES, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Maruípe, Vitoria, ES, 29040-091, Brazil
| | - B P Campagnaro
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Universidade de Vila Velha (UVV), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
| | - B V Nogueira
- Department of Morphology, Health Sciences Center, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil
| | - D V Vassallo
- Physiological Sciences Graduate Program, Health Sciences Center, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo CCS/UFES, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Maruípe, Vitoria, ES, 29040-091, Brazil
- Escola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitoria (EMESCAM), Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - S S Meyrelles
- Physiological Sciences Graduate Program, Health Sciences Center, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo CCS/UFES, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Maruípe, Vitoria, ES, 29040-091, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Simão Padilha
- Physiological Sciences Graduate Program, Health Sciences Center, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo CCS/UFES, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Maruípe, Vitoria, ES, 29040-091, Brazil.
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3
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Monteiro JADN, Cunha LAD, Costa MHPD, Reis HSD, Aguiar ACDS, Oliveira-Bahia VRLD, Burbano RMR, Rocha CAMD. Mutagenic and histopathological effects of hexavalent chromium in tadpoles of Lithobates catesbeianus (Shaw, 1802) (Anura, Ranidae). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 163:400-407. [PMID: 30064085 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.07.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The potential mutagenic and histopathological effects of the hexavalent chromium were investigated in Lithobates catesbeianus tadpoles. These larvae (GS 25-31) were exposed to three nominal concentrations of potassium dichromate (4, 12, and 36 mg L-1) and 5 mg L-1 of Cyclophosphamide as a positive control (PC), for 24 h. A negative control (NC) was also added to the experiment. Our results showed that, in general, the micronuclei (MN) were less frequent than the erythrocyte nuclear abnormalities (ENA); there was a significant difference in the frequency of MN between the NC and all treated groups (p < 0.05) in a concentration-dependent curve, in addition the PC did not differ from the chromium treatments. Also, only PC and the group treated with potassium dichromate at 36 mg L-1 showed significantly higher frequencies of ENA than NC (p < 0.05). Chromium treatments promoted cell retention in the Sub-G1 phase and a decrease of cells in the S and G2/M phases indicating inhibition of the cell cycle. All treatments with chromium led to liver and kidney histopathological lesions, especially with 36 mg L-1 (greater number of lesions). In conclusion, hexavalent chromium was mutagenic to L. catesbeianus tadpoles and its toxic effects also resulted in anti-mitotic activity, besides inducing histopathological alterations in liver and kidney. Amphibians have been proven to be useful bioindicators, and we suggest that tadpoles of different species can be used to represent the environmental impacts in aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Augusto do Nascimento Monteiro
- Laboratory of Human Cytogenetics and Genetic Toxicology (Laboratório de Citogenética Humana e Genética Toxicológica), Federal University of Pará (Universidade Federal do Pará), Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Lorena Araújo da Cunha
- Laboratory of Human Cytogenetics and Genetic Toxicology (Laboratório de Citogenética Humana e Genética Toxicológica), Federal University of Pará (Universidade Federal do Pará), Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Mary Helen Pestana da Costa
- Laboratory of Human Cytogenetics and Genetic Toxicology (Laboratório de Citogenética Humana e Genética Toxicológica), Federal University of Pará (Universidade Federal do Pará), Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Herald Souza Dos Reis
- Coordination of Biological Sciences (Coordenação de Ciências Biológicas), Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Pará (Instituto 19 Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará), Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Aliceane Carolina da Silva Aguiar
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Biology (Laboratório Multidisciplinar de Biologia à Distância), Federal University of Pará (Universidade Federal do Pará), Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Veronica Regina Lobato de Oliveira-Bahia
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Biology (Laboratório Multidisciplinar de Biologia à Distância), Federal University of Pará (Universidade Federal do Pará), Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Rommel Mario Rodríguez Burbano
- Laboratory of Human Cytogenetics and Genetic Toxicology (Laboratório de Citogenética Humana e Genética Toxicológica), Federal University of Pará (Universidade Federal do Pará), Belém, Pará, Brazil.
| | - Carlos Alberto Machado da Rocha
- Fishery and Agribusiness Resource Coordination (Coordenação de Recursos Pesqueiros e Agronegócio), Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Pará (Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará), Belém, Pará, Brazil.
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Jacinto TA, Meireles GS, Dias AT, Aires R, Porto ML, Gava AL, Vasquez EC, Pereira TMC, Campagnaro BP, Meyrelles SS. Increased ROS production and DNA damage in monocytes are biomarkers of aging and atherosclerosis. Biol Res 2018; 51:33. [PMID: 30185234 PMCID: PMC6123971 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-018-0182-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background New evidence demonstrates that aging and dyslipidemia are closely associated with oxidative stress, DNA damage and apoptosis in some cells and extravascular tissues. However, in monocytes, which are naturally involved in progression and/or resolution of plaque in atherosclerosis, this concurrence has not yet been fully investigated. In this study, we evaluated the influence of aging and hypercholesterolemia on serum pro-inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, DNA damage and apoptosis in monocytes from apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoE−/−) mice compared with age-matched wild-type C57BL/6 (WT) mice. Experiments were performed in young (2-months) and in old (18-months) male wild-type (WT) and apoE−/− mice. Results Besides the expected differences in serum lipid profile and plaque formation, we observed that atherosclerotic mice exhibited a significant increase in monocytosis and in serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines compared to WT mice. Moreover, it was observed that the overproduction of ROS, led to an increased DNA fragmentation and, consequently, apoptosis in monocytes from normocholesterolemic old mice, which was aggravated in age-matched atherosclerotic mice. Conclusions In this study, we demonstrate that a pro-inflammatory systemic status is associated with an impairment of functionality of monocytes during aging and that these parameters are fundamental extra-arterial contributors to the aggravation of atherosclerosis. The present data open new avenues for the development of future strategies with the purpose of treating atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais A Jacinto
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES), Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Giselle S Meireles
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology and Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Rua Mercúrio, s/n, Boa Vista 1, Vila Velha, ES, 29102-623, Brazil
| | - Ananda T Dias
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES), Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Aires
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES), Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Marcella L Porto
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology (IFES), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
| | - Agata L Gava
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES), Vitoria, Brazil.,Division of Nephrology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Elisardo C Vasquez
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES), Vitoria, Brazil.,Laboratory of Translational Physiology and Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Rua Mercúrio, s/n, Boa Vista 1, Vila Velha, ES, 29102-623, Brazil
| | - Thiago Melo C Pereira
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology and Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Rua Mercúrio, s/n, Boa Vista 1, Vila Velha, ES, 29102-623, Brazil.,Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology (IFES), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
| | - Bianca P Campagnaro
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology and Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Rua Mercúrio, s/n, Boa Vista 1, Vila Velha, ES, 29102-623, Brazil.
| | - Silvana S Meyrelles
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES), Vitoria, Brazil
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Barboza KRM, Coco LZ, Alves GM, Peters B, Vasquez EC, Pereira TMC, Meyrelles SS, Campagnaro BP. Gastroprotective effect of oral kefir on indomethacin-induced acute gastric lesions in mice: Impact on oxidative stress. Life Sci 2018; 209:370-376. [PMID: 30120965 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This study investigated the gastroprotective effects and the systemic oxidative status of oral kefir pretreatment in albino mice submitted to acute gastric ulcer induced by indomethacin. MAIN METHODS Male Swiss mice were divided into three groups (n = 7): Vehicle (0.3 mL of whole milk/100 g body weight, pH adjusted to 5.0), Kefir (0.3 mL of kefir/100 g body weight) and Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI, 30 mg/kg of lansoprazole), via gavage for 14 days. Animals were fasted for 16 h and treated orally with indomethacin (40 mg/kg). After 6 h the animals were euthanized, the blood samples were obtained and used for the determination of ROS production, oxidation of macromolecules and apoptosis. The stomachs were removed, opened by the greater curvature, and a macroscopic analysis of the gastric lesions was performed. KEY FINDINGS Our findings demonstrated that the symbiotic kefir significantly alleviated blood oxidative stress by reducing superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl/peroxynitrite radicals, thereby leading to reduced oxidative damage to macromolecules due to a decreased oxidative stress status in induced gastric lesions. These anti-oxidative properties might contribute favorably to the ulcer attenuation in the kefir group. SIGNIFICANCE Taken together, these findings support a significant role played by the antioxidant actions of kefir in counteracting the gastric damage induced by this cyclooxygenase inhibitor. It is also worthy to mention that, kefir also exerted the gastroprotective property partly by inhibiting oxidative systemic damage. Based on these considerations, it was implied that kefir might be a contributor for the ROS-scavenging effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Ribeiro Moura Barboza
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology and Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
| | - Larissa Zambom Coco
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology and Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
| | - Gisele Maziero Alves
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology and Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Peters
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology and Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
| | - Elisardo Corral Vasquez
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology and Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil.
| | - Thiago Melo Costa Pereira
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology and Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil; Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology (IFES), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
| | - Silvana Santos Meyrelles
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES), Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Bianca Prandi Campagnaro
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology and Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil.
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Cai W, Zhang Z, Huang Y, Sun H, Qiu L. Vaccarin alleviates hypertension and nephropathy in renovascular hypertensive rats. Exp Ther Med 2017; 15:924-932. [PMID: 29399101 PMCID: PMC5772753 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The kidney is an important organ in the regulation of blood pressure, and it is also one of the primary target organs of hypertension. Kidney damage in response to hypertension eventually leads to renal insufficiency. The authors previously demonstrated that vaccarin exhibits a protective role in endothelial injury. However, the effects of vaccarin on the two-kidney, one clip (2K1C) renovascular hypertension model and subsequent kidney injury have yet to be fully elucidated. The present study was designed to investigate the roles and mechanisms of vaccarin in attenuating hypertension and whether vaccarin had beneficial effects on kidney injury. The 2K1C rats had greater fibrosis, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species production, inflammation, angiotensin II (Ang II) and angiotensin type 1 (AT1) receptors in the right kidney compared with normotensive rats, which were alleviated by a high dose of vaccarin and captopril. Vaccarin treatment attenuated hypertension, reduced fibrosis markers, NADPH oxidase (NOX)-2, NOX-4, 3-nitrotyrosine, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin 1β (IL-1β), and IL-6 protein levels and altered pro-apoptotic protein levels including caspase-3, anti-apoptosis protein B cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2 and Bcl-2 associated X, apoptosis regulator in the right kidney of 2K1C rats. These findings suggest that the protective effects of vaccarin on the right kidney in renovascular hypertension are possibly due to downregulation of fibrosis, inflammatory molecules, oxidative stress, Ang II, and AT1 receptor levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Cai
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
| | - Zhenpeng Zhang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
| | - Yiqi Huang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
| | - Haijian Sun
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
| | - Liying Qiu
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
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Li P, Huang PP, Yang Y, Liu C, Lu Y, Wang F, Sun W, Kong XQ. Renal sympathetic denervation attenuates hypertension and vascular remodeling in renovascular hypertensive rats. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2017; 122:121-129. [PMID: 27742806 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01019.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Li P, Huang P, Yang Y, Liu C, Lu Y, Wang F, Sun W, Kong X. Renal sympathetic denervation attenuates hypertension and vascular remodeling in renovascular hypertensive rats. J Appl Physiol 122: 121–129, 2017. First published October 14, 2016; doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01019.2015 .—Sympathetic activity is enhanced in patients with essential or secondary hypertension, as well as in various hypertensive animal models. Therapeutic targeting of sympathetic activation is considered an effective antihypertensive strategy. We hypothesized that renal sympathetic denervation (RSD) attenuates hypertension and improves vascular remodeling and renal disease in the 2-kidney, 1-clip (2K1C) rat model. Rats underwent 2K1C modeling or sham surgery; then rats underwent RSD or sham surgery 4 wk later, thus resulting in four groups (normotensive-sham, normotensive-RSD, 2K1C-sham, and 2K1C-RSD). Norepinephrine was measured by ELISA. Echocardiography was used to assess heart function. Fibrosis and apoptosis were assessed by Masson and TUNEL staining. Changes in mean arterial blood pressure in response to hexamethonium and plasma norepinephrine levels were used to evaluate basal sympathetic nerve activity. The 2K1C modeling success rate was 86.8%. RSD reversed the elevated systolic blood pressure induced by 2K1C, but had no effect on body weight. Compared with rats in the 2K1C-sham group, rats in the 2K1C-RSD group showed lower left ventricular mass/body weight ratio, interventricular septal thickness in diastole, left ventricular end-systolic diameter, and left ventricular posterior wall thickness in systole, whereas fractional shortening and ejection fraction were higher. Right kidney apoptosis and left kidney hypertrophy were not changed by RSD. Arterial fibrosis was lower in animals in the 2K1C-RSD group compared with those in the 2K1C-sham group. RSD reduced plasma norepinephrine and basal sympathetic activity in rats in the 2K1C-RSD group compared with rats in the 2K1C-sham group. These results suggest a possible clinical efficacy of RSD for renovascular hypertension. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The effects of renal sympathetic denervation (RSD) on hypertension, cardiac function, vascular fibrosis, and renal apoptosis were studied in the 2K1C rat model. Results showed that RSD attenuated hypertension, improved vascular remodeling, and reduced vascular fibrosis through decreased sympathetic activity in the 2K1C rat model, but it did not change the kidney size, renal apoptosis, or renal caspase-3 expression. These results could suggest possible clinical efficacy of RSD for renovascular hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Pei-Pei Huang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Yun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Chi Liu
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Yan Lu
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Qing Kong
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Peoples Republic of China
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Almeida LSD, Barboza JR, Freitas FPS, Porto ML, Vasquez EC, Meyrelles SS, Gava AL, Pereira TMC. Sildenafil prevents renal dysfunction in contrast media-induced nephropathy in Wistar rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2016; 35:1194-1202. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327115626582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is an iatrogenic medical event in stable cardiology patients that may lead to acute renal failure. There is no current successful therapy to manage CIN. Increasing evidence in experimental models and humans has suggested that this disease is associated with renal tubular and vascular injury triggered by oxidative stress. Considering the importance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in the pathogenesis of CIN, the goal of the present study was to evaluate the effects of sildenafil on CIN development. Male Wistar rats were divided into control, CIN, and CIN pretreated with sildenafil (50 mg/kg/day). CIN was induced by water deprivation, NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester + indomethacin injections (10 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) and intravenous iohexol administration (3 g/kg). Renal function was evaluated through glomerular filtration rate (GFR), renal blood flow (RBF), plasma creatinine, uremia, and proteinuria. Oxidative stress was assessed by flow cytometry for intracellular ROS. Treatment with sildenafil attenuated the marked reduction of GFR and RBF in the CIN group. Moreover, sildenafil treatment in CIN rats reduced plasma creatinine, uremia, and proteinuria. Flow cytometry demonstrated that sildenafil attenuated the ROS production in the CIN group. These data suggest that sildenafil may be a new therapeutic agent to prevent CIN through its ability to preserve renal function and attenuate oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lais Salles de Almeida
- Physiological Sciences Graduate Program, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil
| | - Jamila Rodrigues Barboza
- Physiological Sciences Graduate Program, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil
| | - Flávia Priscila Santos Freitas
- Physiological Sciences Graduate Program, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil
| | - Marcella Leite Porto
- Physiological Sciences Graduate Program, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil
| | - Elisardo Corral Vasquez
- Physiological Sciences Graduate Program, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Vila Velha, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
| | - Silvana Santos Meyrelles
- Physiological Sciences Graduate Program, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil
| | - Agata Lages Gava
- Physiological Sciences Graduate Program, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil
- Division of Nephrology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Thiago Melo Costa Pereira
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Vila Velha, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
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Bernardes FP, Batista AT, Porto ML, Vasquez EC, Campagnaro BP, Meyrelles SS. Protective effect of sildenafil on the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice bone marrow cells. Lipids Health Dis 2016; 15:100. [PMID: 27229150 PMCID: PMC4882816 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-016-0268-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pharmacological inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5), sildenafil, is a promising candidate for antioxidant therapy that can result in cardiovascular protection. In addition to its known effects on the cardiovascular system, hypercholesterolemia leads to increased oxidative stress and DNA damage in the bone marrow, which is a non-classical target organ of atherosclerosis. In the present study, we evaluate oxidative stress and assess the effect of genomic instability on cell cycle kinetics in atherosclerotic animals and determine if sildenafil reverses these detrimental effects in bone marrow cells. METHODS Experiments were performed in male wild-type (WT) and apolipoprotein E knockout mice (apoE(-/-)) (9 weeks of age). apoE(-/-) mice were randomly distributed into the following 2 groups: sildenafil-treated (40 mg/kg/day for 3 weeks, n = 8) and vehicle-treated (n = 8), by oral gavage. After treatment, bone marrow cells were isolated to assess the production of superoxide anions and hydrogen peroxide, determine cell cycle kinetics and evaluate the presence of micronucleated cells. RESULTS Sildenafil treatment reduced the cytoplasmic levels of superoxide anion (~95% decrease, p < 0.05) and decreased hydrogen peroxide (~30% decrease, p < 0.05). Moreover, we observed protective effects on the DNA of bone marrow cells, including normal cell cycling, decreased DNA fragmentation and a diminished frequency of micronucleated cells. CONCLUSION Our data reveal that the excessive production of ROS in atherosclerotic mice overcome the DNA repair pathways in bone marrow cells. The novelty of the present study is that the administration of sildenafil reduced ROS to baseline levels and, consequently, reverted the DNA damage and its outcomes in bone marrow cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franciane P Bernardes
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Alan T Batista
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Marcella L Porto
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology (IFES), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
| | - Elisardo C Vasquez
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
| | - Bianca P Campagnaro
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
| | - Silvana S Meyrelles
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil.
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Friques AGF, Arpini CM, Kalil IC, Gava AL, Leal MA, Porto ML, Nogueira BV, Dias AT, Andrade TU, Pereira TMC, Meyrelles SS, Campagnaro BP, Vasquez EC. Chronic administration of the probiotic kefir improves the endothelial function in spontaneously hypertensive rats. J Transl Med 2015; 13:390. [PMID: 26715471 PMCID: PMC4696190 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-015-0759-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The beverage obtained by fermentation of milk with kefir grains, a complex matrix containing acid bacteria and yeasts, has been shown to have beneficial effects in various diseases. However, its effects on hypertension and endothelial dysfunction are not yet clear. In this study, we evaluated the effects of kefir on endothelial cells and vascular responsiveness in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Methods SHR were treated with kefir (0.3 mL/100 g body weight) for 7, 15, 30 and 60 days and compared with non-treated SHR and with normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats. Vascular endothelial function was evaluated in aortic rings through the relaxation response to acetylcholine (ACh). The balance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) synthase was evaluated through specific blockers in the ACh-induced responses and through flow cytometry in vascular tissue. Results Significant effects of kefir were observed only after treatment for 60 days. The high blood pressure and tachycardia exhibited by the SHR were attenuated by approximately 15 % in the SHR-kefir group. The impaired ACh-induced relaxation of the aortic rings observed in the SHR (37 ± 4 %, compared to the Wistar rats: 74 ± 5 %), was significantly attenuated in the SHR group chronically treated with kefir (52 ± 4 %). The difference in the area under the curve between before and after the NADPH oxidase blockade or NO synthase blockade of aortic rings from SHR were of approximately +90 and −60 %, respectively, when compared with Wistar rats. In the aortic rings from the SHR-kefir group, these values were reduced to +50 and −40 %, respectively. Flow cytometric analysis of aortic endothelial cells revealed increased ROS production and decreased NO bioavailability in the SHR, which were significantly attenuated by the treatment with kefir. Scanning electronic microscopy showed vascular endothelial surface injury in SHR, which was partially protected following administration of kefir for 60 days. In addition, the recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells was decreased in the non-treated SHR and partially restored by kefir treatment. Conclusions Kefir treatment for 60 days was able to improve the endothelial function in SHR by partially restoring the ROS/NO imbalance and the endothelial architecture due to endothelial progenitor cells recruitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia G F Friques
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil.
| | - Clarisse M Arpini
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil.
| | - Ieda C Kalil
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil.
| | - Agata L Gava
- Division of Nephrology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
| | - Marcos A Leal
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil.
| | - Marcella L Porto
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil. .,Institute of Education, Science and Technology (IFES), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil.
| | - Breno V Nogueira
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil.
| | - Ananda T Dias
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil.
| | - Tadeu U Andrade
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil.
| | - Thiago Melo C Pereira
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil. .,Institute of Education, Science and Technology (IFES), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil.
| | - Silvana S Meyrelles
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil.
| | - Bianca P Campagnaro
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil.
| | - Elisardo C Vasquez
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil. .,Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil.
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11
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Porto ML, Rodrigues BP, Menezes TN, Ceschim SL, Casarini DE, Gava AL, Pereira TMC, Vasquez EC, Campagnaro BP, Meyrelles SS. Reactive oxygen species contribute to dysfunction of bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells in aged C57BL/6 J mice. J Biomed Sci 2015; 22:97. [PMID: 26498041 PMCID: PMC4619579 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-015-0201-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Stem cells of intensely regenerative tissues are susceptible to cellular damage. Although the response to this process in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is crucial, the mechanisms by which hematopoietic homeostasis is sustained are not completely understood. Aging increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and inflammation, which contribute to increased proliferation, senescence and/or apoptosis, leading to self-renewal premature exhaustion. In this study, we assessed ROS production, DNA damage, apoptosis, senescence and plasticity in young, middle and aged (2-, 12- and 24-month-old, respectively) C57BL/6 J mice. Results Aged HSCs showed an increase in intracellular superoxide anion (1.4-fold), hydrogen peroxide (2-fold), nitric oxide (1.6-fold), peroxynitrite/hidroxil (2.6-fold) compared with young cells. We found that mitochondria and NADPHox were the major sources of ROS production in the three groups studied, whereas CYP450 contributed in middle and aged, and xanthine oxidase only in aged HSCs. In addition, we observed DNA damage and apoptosis in the middle (4.2- and 2-fold, respectively) and aged (6- and 4-fold, respectively) mice; aged mice also exhibited a significantly shorter telomere length (−1.8-fold) and a lower expression of plasticity markers. Conclusion These data suggest that aging impairs the functionality of HSCs and that these age-associated alterations may affect the efficacy of aged HSC recovery and transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcella L Porto
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil.
| | - Bianca P Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil.
| | - Thiago N Menezes
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil.
| | - Sara L Ceschim
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil.
| | - Dulce E Casarini
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Agata L Gava
- Division of Nephrology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
| | - Thiago Melo C Pereira
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil. .,Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil.
| | - Elisardo C Vasquez
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil. .,Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil.
| | - Bianca P Campagnaro
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil.
| | - Silvana S Meyrelles
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil.
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Rua EDAO, Porto ML, Ramos JPL, Nogueira BV, Meyrelles SS, Vasquez EC, Pereira TC. Effects of tobacco smoking during pregnancy on oxidative stress in the umbilical cord and mononuclear blood cells of neonates. J Biomed Sci 2014; 21:105. [PMID: 25547987 PMCID: PMC4302517 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-014-0105-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although cigarette smoke is known to be a complex mixture of over 4000 substances that can lead to damage through active or passive smoking, its mechanisms and biochemical consequences in pregnancy and neonates are not yet fully understood. Therefore, in the present study, we propose to study the impact of smoking during gestation on the viability of blood mononuclear cells (MNC) from umbilical cords of newborns to assess the degree of oxidative stress and cell viability. After childbirth, the cord blood and the umbilical cord were immediately collected in public hospitals in Greater Vitoria, ES, Brazil. Flow cytometry was used to analyze the cord blood followed by biochemical and histological tests to analyze possible changes in the umbilical cord. Results Pregnant smokers had a reduction of MNC viability from the umbilical cord (10%), an increase in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and an increase in cell apoptosis (~2-fold) compared to pregnant non-smokers. In the umbilical cord, it was observed an increase of advanced oxidation protein products - AOPP (~2.5-fold) and a loss of the typical architecture and disposition of endothelial cells from the umbilical artery. Conclusions These data suggest that maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy (even in small amounts) may compromise the viability of MNC cells and damage the umbilical cord structure, possibly by excessive ROS bioavailability.
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13
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Dias AT, Cintra AS, Frossard JC, Palomino Z, Casarini DE, Gomes IBS, Balarini CM, Gava AL, Campagnaro BP, Pereira TMC, Meyrelles SS, Vasquez EC. Inhibition of phosphodiesterase 5 restores endothelial function in renovascular hypertension. J Transl Med 2014; 12:250. [PMID: 25223948 PMCID: PMC4172908 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-014-0250-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The clipping of an artery supplying one of the two kidneys (2K1C) activates the renin-angiotensin (Ang) system (RAS), resulting in hypertension and endothelial dysfunction. Recently, we demonstrated the intrarenal beneficial effects of sildenafil on the high levels of Ang II and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and on high blood pressure (BP) in 2K1C mice. Thus, in the present study, we tested the hypothesis that sildenafil improves endothelial function in hypertensive 2K1C mice by improving the NO/ROS balance. Methods 2K1C hypertension was induced in C57BL/6 mice. Two weeks later, they were treated with sildenafil (40 mg/kg/day, via oral) or vehicle for 2 weeks and compared with sham mice. At the end of the treatment, the levels of plasma and intrarenal Ang peptides were measured. Endothelial function and ROS production were assessed in mesenteric arterial bed (MAB). Results The 2K1C mice exhibited normal plasma levels of Ang I, II and 1–7, whereas the intrarenal Ang I and II were increased (~35% and ~140%) compared with the Sham mice. Sildenafil normalized the intrarenal Ang I and II and increased the plasma (~45%) and intrarenal (+15%) Ang 1–7. The 2K1C mice exhibited endothelial dysfunction, primarily due to increased ROS and decreased NO productions by endothelial cells, which were ameliorated by treatment with sildenafil. Conclusion These data suggest that the effects of sildenafil on endothelial dysfunction in 2K1C mice may be due to interaction with RAS and restoring NO/ROS balance in the endothelial cells from MAB. Thus, sildenafil is a promising candidate drug for the treatment of hypertension accompanied by endothelial dysfunction and kidney disease.
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Pösel C, Scheibe J, Kranz A, Bothe V, Quente E, Fröhlich W, Lange F, Schäbitz WR, Minnerup J, Boltze J, Wagner DC. Bone marrow cell transplantation time-dependently abolishes efficacy of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor after stroke in hypertensive rats. Stroke 2014; 45:2431-7. [PMID: 24984745 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.113.004460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE We aimed to determine a possible synergistic effect of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells (BM MNC) after stroke in spontaneously hypertensive rats. METHODS Male spontaneously hypertensive rats were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion and randomly assigned to daily injection of 50 μg/kg G-CSF for 5 days starting 1 hour after stroke (groups 1, 2, and 3) with additional intravenous transplantation of 1.5×10E7 BM MNC per kilogram at 6 hours (group 2) or 48 hours (group 3) after stroke, or control treatment (group 4). Circulating leukocyte counts and functional deficits, infarct volume, and brain edema were repeatedly assessed in the first week and first month. RESULTS G-CSF treatment led to a significant neutrophilia, to a reversal of postischemic depression of circulating leukocytes, and to a significantly improved functional recovery without affecting the infarct volume or brain edema. BM MNC cotransplantation was neutral after 6 hours, but reversed the functional effect of G-CSF after 48 hours. Short-term investigation of combined G-CSF and BM MNC treatment at 48 hours indicated splenic accumulation of granulocytes and transplanted cells, accompanied by a significant rise of granulocytes in the circulation and the ischemic brain. CONCLUSIONS G-CSF improved functional recovery in spontaneously hypertensive rats, but this effect was abolished by cotransplantation of BM MNC after 48 hours. In the spleen, transplanted cells may hinder the clearance of granulocytes that were massively increased by G-CSF. Increased circulation and infiltration of granulocytes into the ischemic brain may be detrimental for stroke outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Pösel
- From the Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany (C.P., J.S., A.K., E.Q., W.F., F.L., J.B., D.-C.W.); Translational Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Leipzig, Germany (A.K., V.B., E.Q., W.F., J.B., D.-C.W.); EVK Bielefeld, Bethel, Neurologische Klinik, Bielefeld, Germany (W.-R.S.); Department of Neurology, University of Münster, Germany (J.M.); and Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (J.B.).
| | - Johanna Scheibe
- From the Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany (C.P., J.S., A.K., E.Q., W.F., F.L., J.B., D.-C.W.); Translational Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Leipzig, Germany (A.K., V.B., E.Q., W.F., J.B., D.-C.W.); EVK Bielefeld, Bethel, Neurologische Klinik, Bielefeld, Germany (W.-R.S.); Department of Neurology, University of Münster, Germany (J.M.); and Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (J.B.)
| | - Alexander Kranz
- From the Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany (C.P., J.S., A.K., E.Q., W.F., F.L., J.B., D.-C.W.); Translational Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Leipzig, Germany (A.K., V.B., E.Q., W.F., J.B., D.-C.W.); EVK Bielefeld, Bethel, Neurologische Klinik, Bielefeld, Germany (W.-R.S.); Department of Neurology, University of Münster, Germany (J.M.); and Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (J.B.)
| | - Viktoria Bothe
- From the Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany (C.P., J.S., A.K., E.Q., W.F., F.L., J.B., D.-C.W.); Translational Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Leipzig, Germany (A.K., V.B., E.Q., W.F., J.B., D.-C.W.); EVK Bielefeld, Bethel, Neurologische Klinik, Bielefeld, Germany (W.-R.S.); Department of Neurology, University of Münster, Germany (J.M.); and Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (J.B.)
| | - Elfi Quente
- From the Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany (C.P., J.S., A.K., E.Q., W.F., F.L., J.B., D.-C.W.); Translational Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Leipzig, Germany (A.K., V.B., E.Q., W.F., J.B., D.-C.W.); EVK Bielefeld, Bethel, Neurologische Klinik, Bielefeld, Germany (W.-R.S.); Department of Neurology, University of Münster, Germany (J.M.); and Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (J.B.)
| | - Wenke Fröhlich
- From the Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany (C.P., J.S., A.K., E.Q., W.F., F.L., J.B., D.-C.W.); Translational Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Leipzig, Germany (A.K., V.B., E.Q., W.F., J.B., D.-C.W.); EVK Bielefeld, Bethel, Neurologische Klinik, Bielefeld, Germany (W.-R.S.); Department of Neurology, University of Münster, Germany (J.M.); and Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (J.B.)
| | - Franziska Lange
- From the Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany (C.P., J.S., A.K., E.Q., W.F., F.L., J.B., D.-C.W.); Translational Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Leipzig, Germany (A.K., V.B., E.Q., W.F., J.B., D.-C.W.); EVK Bielefeld, Bethel, Neurologische Klinik, Bielefeld, Germany (W.-R.S.); Department of Neurology, University of Münster, Germany (J.M.); and Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (J.B.)
| | - Wolf-Rüdiger Schäbitz
- From the Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany (C.P., J.S., A.K., E.Q., W.F., F.L., J.B., D.-C.W.); Translational Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Leipzig, Germany (A.K., V.B., E.Q., W.F., J.B., D.-C.W.); EVK Bielefeld, Bethel, Neurologische Klinik, Bielefeld, Germany (W.-R.S.); Department of Neurology, University of Münster, Germany (J.M.); and Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (J.B.)
| | - Jens Minnerup
- From the Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany (C.P., J.S., A.K., E.Q., W.F., F.L., J.B., D.-C.W.); Translational Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Leipzig, Germany (A.K., V.B., E.Q., W.F., J.B., D.-C.W.); EVK Bielefeld, Bethel, Neurologische Klinik, Bielefeld, Germany (W.-R.S.); Department of Neurology, University of Münster, Germany (J.M.); and Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (J.B.)
| | - Johannes Boltze
- From the Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany (C.P., J.S., A.K., E.Q., W.F., F.L., J.B., D.-C.W.); Translational Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Leipzig, Germany (A.K., V.B., E.Q., W.F., J.B., D.-C.W.); EVK Bielefeld, Bethel, Neurologische Klinik, Bielefeld, Germany (W.-R.S.); Department of Neurology, University of Münster, Germany (J.M.); and Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (J.B.)
| | - Daniel-Christoph Wagner
- From the Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany (C.P., J.S., A.K., E.Q., W.F., F.L., J.B., D.-C.W.); Translational Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Leipzig, Germany (A.K., V.B., E.Q., W.F., J.B., D.-C.W.); EVK Bielefeld, Bethel, Neurologische Klinik, Bielefeld, Germany (W.-R.S.); Department of Neurology, University of Münster, Germany (J.M.); and Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (J.B.)
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Dias AT, Rodrigues BP, Porto ML, Gava AL, Balarini CM, Freitas FPS, Palomino Z, Casarini DE, Campagnaro BP, Pereira TMC, Meyrelles SS, Vasquez EC. Sildenafil ameliorates oxidative stress and DNA damage in the stenotic kidneys in mice with renovascular hypertension. J Transl Med 2014; 12:35. [PMID: 24502628 PMCID: PMC3922021 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-12-35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oxidative stress and DNA damage have been implicated in the pathogenesis of renovascular hypertension induced by renal artery stenosis in the two-kidney, one-clip (2K1C) Goldblatt model. Considering our previous report indicating that the chronic blockade of phosphodiesterase 5 with sildenafil (Viagra®) has marked beneficial effects on oxidative stress and DNA damage, we tested the hypothesis that sildenafil could also protect the stenotic kidneys of 2K1C hypertensive mice against oxidative stress and genotoxicity. Methods The experiments were performed with C57BL6 mice subjected to renovascular hypertension by left renal artery clipping. Two weeks after clipping, the mice were treated with sildenafil (40 mg/kg/day for 2 weeks, 2K1C-sildenafil group) or the vehicle (2K1C). These mice were compared with control mice not subjected to renal artery clipping (Sham). After hemodynamic measurements, the stenotic kidneys were assessed using flow cytometry to evaluate cell viability and the comet assay to evaluate DNA damage. Measurements of intracellular superoxide anions and hydrogen peroxide levels as well as nitric oxide bioavailability were also obtained. Results Sildenafil treatment significantly reduced mean arterial pressure (15%), heart rate (8%), intrarenal angiotensin II (50%) and renal atrophy (36%). In addition, it caused a remarkable decrease of reactive oxygen species production. On the other hand, sildenafil increased nitric oxide levels relative to those in the nontreated 2K1C mice. Sildenafil treatment also significantly reduced the high level of kidney DNA damage that is a characteristic of renovascular hypertensive mice. Conclusions Our data reveal that sildenafil has a protective effect on the stenotic kidneys of 2K1C mice, suggesting a new use of phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for protection against the DNA damage observed in the hypoperfused kidneys of individuals with renovascular hypertension. Further translational research is necessary to delineate the mechanisms involved in the prevention of renal stenosis in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Elisardo C Vasquez
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil.
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