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Chanie ES, Zhang G, Le Souef P. The serum level of vitamin D and prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among children with asthma in Asia and Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Public Health 2024; 82:103. [PMID: 38970116 PMCID: PMC11225331 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-024-01321-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies on the serum level of vitamin D and the percentage of vitamin D deficiency in children with asthma have been conducted in Asia and Africa, but the results have been inconsistent and inconclusive, requiring a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the strength of the evidence. OBJECTIVE The objective of this review is to synthesize evidence on serum levels of vitamin D and the percentage of vitamin D deficiency among children with asthma in Asia and Africa. METHODS To identify relevant articles, a comprehensive search was conducted across various databases and repositories such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Hinary, Web of Science, ResearchGate, as well as gray literature sources. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines were followed during the retrieval process. Data extraction was performed following a standardized format based on the JBI (Joanna Briggs Institute) data extraction guidelines. Microsoft Excel was utilized for data extraction, and subsequently, the data was exported to STATA 17 for further analysis. To assess the heterogeneity among the included studies, Cochrane Q-statistics and the I2 tests were employed. Publication bias was assessed using the Egger test and funnel plot. RESULT This meta-analysis investigated 33 articles encompassing a total of 3432 children diagnosed with asthma. The findings demonstrated that in low- or middle-income countries across Africa and Asia, children with asthma had an average serum vitamin D level of 21.9 ng/ml (95% confidence interval [CI]: 18.0-25.9 ng/ml), with 53.7% (95% CI: 40.5-66.9) experiencing vitamin D deficiency. Additionally, when considering the continent, children with asthma in Asia had an average serum vitamin D level of 18.5 ng/ml (95% CI: 13.8-23.3), while those in Africa had a level of 28.7 ng/ml (95% CI: 22.7-34.8). The analysis further explored different sub-group analyses. Depending on the study design, case-control studies yielded an average serum vitamin D level of 20.3 ng/ml (95% CI: 18.2-22.4), whereas cross-sectional studies resulted in 23.8 ng/ml (95% CI: 17.5-30.1). Based on publication year, studies published on or before 2015 had an average serum level of 21.0 ng/ml (95% CI: 18.0-24.0), while those published after 2015 had a level of 22.4 ng/ml (95% CI: 17.2-27.7). Moreover, when considering sample size, studies with 100 participants or less had an average serum level of 21.7 ng/ml (95% CI: 17.3-26.1), while studies with more than 100 participants had a level of 22.1 ng/ml (95% CI: 18.6-25.6). CONCLUSION Children with asthma in Asia and Africa were found to have low serum levels of vitamin D and a high percentage of vitamin D deficiency. This highlights the importance of early detection and monitoring of vitamin D levels in these children to prevent potential complications associated with vitamin D deficiency. Taking proactive measures to address and manage vitamin D deficiency is crucial for the well-being of children with asthma in these regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ermias Sisay Chanie
- Department of Paediatric and Child Health, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.
| | - Guicheng Zhang
- School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6102, Australia
- School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6008, Australia
| | - Peter Le Souef
- School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6008, Australia
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Paramonova N, Trapina I, Gradauskiene (Sitkauskiene) B, Plavina S, Tamasauskiene L, Bastyte D, Rumba-Rozenfelde I, Tapina S, Stakaitiene I, Ugenskiene R, Shih-Hsin Wu L, Wang JY, Hsieh MH, Chen PC, Sjakste N. Genetic Diversity in Bronchial Asthma Susceptibility: Exploring the Role of Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms in Varied Geographic Contexts. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1943. [PMID: 38339221 PMCID: PMC10856277 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Bronchial asthma (BA) exhibits varying prevalence across global populations, prompting a comprehensive investigation into genetic and environmental determinants. Vitamin D is a potent immunomodulator capable of suppressing inflammatory signals in several cell types involved in the asthmatic response; it exerts effects on the immune system by binding to the nuclear vitamin D receptor (VDR). VDR gene genetic variations are affecting serum vitamin D levels with a possible role in the BA risk. The current study aimed to examine the complex interaction of various factors (genetic background, serum vitamin D levels, and geographic location) to identify differences in the influence of these factors on the susceptibility to asthma between populations at different latitudes. Focusing on Eastern European cohorts from Latvia and Lithuania and comparing them with published data on East Asian populations, we explore the impact of VDR gene polymorphisms on BA susceptibility. Genotyping four key VDR SNPs and assessing their association with 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels, our study unveils significant associations of the studied loci with the risk of asthma-both risk-reducing and increasing effects, differently distributed between Baltic and East Asian populations. The functional effects of in silico VDR gene genetic variations are also identified and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Paramonova
- Laboratory of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Biology, University of Latvia, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia; (N.P.); (S.P.); (N.S.)
| | - Ilva Trapina
- Laboratory of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Biology, University of Latvia, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia; (N.P.); (S.P.); (N.S.)
| | | | - Samanta Plavina
- Laboratory of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Biology, University of Latvia, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia; (N.P.); (S.P.); (N.S.)
| | - Laura Tamasauskiene
- Department of Immunology and Allergology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania (L.T.); (D.B.)
| | - Daina Bastyte
- Department of Immunology and Allergology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania (L.T.); (D.B.)
| | | | - Sandra Tapina
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, LV-1586 Riga, Latvia; (I.R.-R.); (S.T.)
| | - Ieva Stakaitiene
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (I.S.); (R.U.)
| | - Rasa Ugenskiene
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (I.S.); (R.U.)
| | - Lawrence Shih-Hsin Wu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan;
- Research Center of Allergy, Immunology, and Microbiome (AIM), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404327, Taiwan; (J.-Y.W.); (M.-H.H.); (P.-C.C.)
| | - Jiu-Yao Wang
- Research Center of Allergy, Immunology, and Microbiome (AIM), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404327, Taiwan; (J.-Y.W.); (M.-H.H.); (P.-C.C.)
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, China Medical University Children’s Hospital, Taichung 404327, Taiwan
| | - Miao-Hsi Hsieh
- Research Center of Allergy, Immunology, and Microbiome (AIM), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404327, Taiwan; (J.-Y.W.); (M.-H.H.); (P.-C.C.)
| | - Pei-Chi Chen
- Research Center of Allergy, Immunology, and Microbiome (AIM), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404327, Taiwan; (J.-Y.W.); (M.-H.H.); (P.-C.C.)
| | - Nikolajs Sjakste
- Laboratory of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Biology, University of Latvia, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia; (N.P.); (S.P.); (N.S.)
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3
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The Genetic Factors of the Airway Epithelium Associated with the Pathology of Asthma. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13101870. [PMID: 36292755 PMCID: PMC9601469 DOI: 10.3390/genes13101870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic disease of the airways characterized by inflammation, tightened muscles, and thickened airway walls leading to symptoms such as shortness of breath, chest tightness, and cough in patients. The increased risk of asthma in children of asthmatics parents supports the existence of genetic factors involved in the pathogenesis of this disease. Genome-wide association studies have discovered several single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with asthma. These polymorphisms occur within several genes and can contribute to different asthma phenotypes, affect disease severity, and clinical response to different therapies. The complexity in the etiology of asthma also results from interactions between environmental and genetic factors. Environmental exposures have been shown to increase the prevalence of asthma in individuals who are genetically susceptible. This review summarizes what is currently known about the genetics of asthma in relation to risk, response to common treatments, and gene-environmental interactions.
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Zhou Y, Li S. Meta-Analysis of Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms in Childhood Asthma. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:843691. [PMID: 35433530 PMCID: PMC9010509 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.843691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We conducted the systematic review to investigate the potential relationship between the vitamin polymorphisms of D receptor (VDR) gene and childhood asthma. Relevant studies researching on VDR polymorphisms and asthma susceptibility were searched throughout Embase, PubMed, China Science and technology journal database (CQVIP), etc. till 12 April, 2021. We calculated the pooled odds ratios (OR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) using RevMan 5.3 software and Stata 11.0. FokI (rs2228570) could significantly affect childhood asthma risk across co dominant model (Ff vs. FF: OR (95%CI) = 0.82 (0.65, 1.02), P = 0.071) and dominant model (ff+Ff vs. FF: OR (95%CI) = 0.77 (0.63, 0.95), P = 0.016), especially among Caucasians in additive model (f vs. F: OR (95%CI) = 0.63 (0.43, 0.92), P = 0.015) and dominant model (ff+Ff vs. FF: OR (95%CI) = 0.67 (0.51, 0.88), P = 0.004). TaqI (rs731236) was significantly related with childhood asthma in additive model (t vs. T: OR (95%CI) = 0.45 (0.23, 0.89), P = 0.022), co dominant model (Tt vs. TT: OR (95%CI) = 0.36 (0.17, 0.77), P = 0.009), and dominant model (tt+Tt vs. TT: OR (95%CI) = 0.36 (0.15, 0.87), P = 0.024) among Asian, as well as population-based subgroup in co dominant model (Tt vs. TT: OR (95%CI) = 0.53 (0.31, 0.94), P = 0.029). However, no evidence supported the role of ApaI (rs7975232) and BsmI (rs1544410) polymorphisms in childhood asthma. FokI and TaqI polymorphisms were found to be related with the susceptibility of childhood asthma. However, it seems that ApaI and BsmI polymorphisms are not related with childhood asthma susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, Yancheng Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Yancheng, China
| | - Sheng Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Yancheng Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Yancheng, China
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Zou XL, Wu JJ, Ye HX, Feng DY, Meng P, Yang HL, Wu WB, Li HT, He Z, Zhang TT. Associations Between Gut Microbiota and Asthma Endotypes: A Cross-Sectional Study in South China Based on Patients with Newly Diagnosed Asthma. J Asthma Allergy 2021; 14:981-992. [PMID: 34408443 PMCID: PMC8367087 DOI: 10.2147/jaa.s320088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to investigate the gut microbiome profile in different inflammatory phenotypes of treatment-naive newly diagnosed asthmatic adults, to gain insight on the associations between intestinal microbiota and phenotypic features that characterize asthma heterogeneity to develop new treatments for asthma. Methods Fresh stool samples were obtained from 20 healthy subjects and 47 newly diagnosed asthmatic patients prior to any interventions. The asthmatics were divided into allergic and non-allergic cohorts. Intestinal microbiota was analyzed by 16S rRNA next-generation sequencing. Demographic and clinical parameters were collected. Alpha and beta diversity analysis were calculated to detect differences within sample phylotype richness and evenness between controls and asthmatic patients. Statistically significant differences between samples were analyzed for all used metrics, and features of gut bacterial community structure were evaluated in relation to extensive clinical characteristics of asthmatic patients. Results Gut microbial compositions were significantly different between asthmatic and healthy groups. Alpha-diversity of the gut microbiome was significantly lower in asthmatics than in controls. The microbiome between allergic and non-allergic asthmatic patients were also different, and 28 differential species were identified. PPAR signaling pathway, carotenoid biosynthesis, and flavonoid biosynthesis were significantly positively correlated with allergy-associated clinical index, including FENO value, blood eosinophil counts, and serum IgE and IL-4 levels. A combination of Ruminococcus bromii, Brevundimonas vesicularis, and Clostridium disporicum showed an AUC of 0.743 in the specific allergic/non-allergic cohort. When integrating C. disporicum, flavone, flavonol biosynthesis, and serum IL-4 values, the AUC achieved 0.929 to classify asthmatics. At the same time, C. colinum and its associated functional pathway exhibited an AUC of 0.78 to distinguish allergic asthmatics from those without allergies. Conclusion We demonstrated a distinct taxonomic composition of gut microbiota in different asthmatic phenotypes, highlighting their significant relationships. Our study may support considerations of intestinal microbial signatures in delineating asthma phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ling Zou
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Institute of Respiratory Diseases of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Jie Wu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Xia Ye
- Department of Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ding-Yun Feng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Institute of Respiratory Diseases of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Meng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Institute of Respiratory Diseases of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Ling Yang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Institute of Respiratory Diseases of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Bin Wu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Institute of Respiratory Diseases of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Tao Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Institute of Respiratory Diseases of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen He
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian-Tuo Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Institute of Respiratory Diseases of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Brustad N, Greve JH, Mirzakhani H, Pedersen CET, Eliasen AU, Stokholm J, Lasky-Su J, Bønnelykke K, Litonjua AA, Weiss ST, Bisgaard H, Chawes BL. High-dose vitamin D during pregnancy and pathway gene polymorphisms in prevention of offspring persistent wheeze. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2021; 32:679-689. [PMID: 33453076 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) suggest a protective effect of high-dose vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy on offspring risk of persistent wheeze, but only in some individuals, which might be explained by variations in vitamin D pathway genes. This study aimed to investigate the effect of vitamin D supplementation by maternal and offspring vitamin D receptor (VDR) genotype and GC genotype, encoding vitamin D binding protein (VDBP), in two RCTs. METHODS In the Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood (COPSAC2010 ) RCT, we analyzed the effect of high-dose vitamin D during pregnancy on the risk of persistent wheeze age 0-3 years by variants in single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in VDR (rs1544410, rs2228570, rs7975128, rs7975232) and GC (rs4588, rs7041). Replication was sought in the Vitamin D Antenatal Asthma Reduction Trial (VDAART). RESULTS In COPSAC2010 , VDR SNP rs1544410 influenced the effect of high-dose vitamin D: maternal Pinteraction = .049 and child Pinteraction = .001, with the largest effect in offspring from mothers with TT genotype: hazard ratio (95% CI), 0.26 (0.10-0.68), P = .006, and no effect among CT or CC genotypes: 0.85 (0.48-1.51), P = .58 and 0.94 (0.47-1.89), P = .87, respectively. However, these findings were not replicated in VDAART. There was no significant effect modification from maternal or offspring GC genotype in either COPSAC2010 or VDAART: all Pinteraction ≥ .17. CONCLUSIONS We found that the effect of high-dose vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy on offspring risk of persistent wheeze was significantly influenced by VDR genotype in the COPSAC2010 RCT, but not VDAART, which may be due to population differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicklas Brustad
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jens H Greve
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hooman Mirzakhani
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Casper-Emil T Pedersen
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders U Eliasen
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jakob Stokholm
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Pediatrics, Naestved Hospital, Naestved, Denmark
| | - Jessica Lasky-Su
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Klaus Bønnelykke
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Augusto A Litonjua
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, Golisano Children's Hospital, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Scott T Weiss
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hans Bisgaard
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bo L Chawes
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Xiao Q, He J, Lei A, Xu H, Zhang L, Zhou P, Jiang G, Zhou J. PPARγ enhances ILC2 function during allergic airway inflammation via transcription regulation of ST2. Mucosal Immunol 2021; 14:468-478. [PMID: 32811992 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-020-00339-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) represent the major player during hyperresponsive airway inflammation. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) was highly expressed on ILC2 and its potential role in asthma has been suggested. However, the detailed mechanism underlying the effects of PPARγ on ILC2-induced airway inflammation remains to be fully understood. Here we identified PPARγ as a positive regulator of lung ILC2. Expression of PPARγ on ILC2 was dramatically induced upon interleukin-33 (IL-33) challenge. Deficiency of PPARγ in hematopoietic system in mice (PPARγfl/fl Vav1Cre) significantly impaired the function of ILC2 in lung, which led to apparent alleviation of airway inflammation in response to IL-33 or Papain challenge, when compared with those in PPARγfl/fl littermates control. Mechanistic studies identified IL-33 receptor ST2 as a transcriptional target of PPARγ. Overexpression of ST2 rescued the functional defects of ILC2 lacking PPARγ. Collectively, these results demonstrated PPARγ as an important regulator of ILC2 during allergic airway inflammation, which sheds new lights on the importance of PPARγ in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China.,Department of Clinical laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Juan He
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China.,Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aihua Lei
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Haixu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Pan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Guanmin Jiang
- Department of Clinical laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China.
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Rozmus D, Ciesielska A, Płomiński J, Grzybowski R, Fiedorowicz E, Kordulewska N, Savelkoul H, Kostyra E, Cieślińska A. Vitamin D Binding Protein (VDBP) and Its Gene Polymorphisms-The Risk of Malignant Tumors and Other Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7822. [PMID: 33105665 PMCID: PMC7659952 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21217822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is an important component of the endocrine system that controls calcium homeostasis and bone mineralization. Because of the very short half-life of free serum vitamin D it is stabilized and transported to target tissues by being bound to the vitamin D binding protein (VDBP). The most common polymorphisms: rs4588 and rs7041 in the vitamin D binding protein gene may correlate with differences in vitamin D status in the serum. This review presents data that relate to the presence of genetic variants in the VDBP gene in correlation with certain diseases, mostly concerning cancers (breast, prostate, pancreatic, lung, colorectal, basal cell carcinoma cancer and cutaneous melanoma) or other related diseases (thyroid autoimmunity disorders, obesity, diabetes mellitus, bone metabolism, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, tuberculosis and coronary artery diseases).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Rozmus
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (D.R.); (A.C.); (E.F.); (N.K.); (E.K.)
| | - Alicja Ciesielska
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (D.R.); (A.C.); (E.F.); (N.K.); (E.K.)
| | - Janusz Płomiński
- Clinical Department of Trauma-Orthopedic Surgery and Spine Surgery of the Provincial Specialist Hospital in Olsztyn, 10-561 Olsztyn, Poland; (J.P.); (R.G.)
- Department and Clinic of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Roman Grzybowski
- Clinical Department of Trauma-Orthopedic Surgery and Spine Surgery of the Provincial Specialist Hospital in Olsztyn, 10-561 Olsztyn, Poland; (J.P.); (R.G.)
- Department and Clinic of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Ewa Fiedorowicz
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (D.R.); (A.C.); (E.F.); (N.K.); (E.K.)
| | - Natalia Kordulewska
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (D.R.); (A.C.); (E.F.); (N.K.); (E.K.)
| | - Huub Savelkoul
- Cell Biology and Immunology Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, 6700 AG Wageningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Elżbieta Kostyra
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (D.R.); (A.C.); (E.F.); (N.K.); (E.K.)
| | - Anna Cieślińska
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (D.R.); (A.C.); (E.F.); (N.K.); (E.K.)
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9
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Kim HA, Perrelli A, Ragni A, Retta F, De Silva TM, Sobey CG, Retta SF. Vitamin D Deficiency and the Risk of Cerebrovascular Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9040327. [PMID: 32316584 PMCID: PMC7222411 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9040327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency has been clearly linked to major chronic diseases associated with oxidative stress, inflammation, and aging, including cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, and cancer. In particular, the cardiovascular system appears to be highly sensitive to vitamin D deficiency, as this may result in endothelial dysfunction and vascular defects via multiple mechanisms. Accordingly, recent research developments have led to the proposal that pharmacological interventions targeting either vitamin D deficiency or its key downstream effects, including defective autophagy and abnormal pro-oxidant and pro-inflammatory responses, may be able to limit the onset and severity of major cerebrovascular diseases, such as stroke and cerebrovascular malformations. Here we review the available evidence supporting the role of vitamin D in preventing or limiting the development of these cerebrovascular diseases, which are leading causes of disability and death all over the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Ah Kim
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Microbiology and Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora 3086, Australia; (H.A.K.); (T.M.D.S.)
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Australia
| | - Andrea Perrelli
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Orbassano, 10043 Torino, Italy;
- CCM Italia Research Network, National Coordination Center at the Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Orbassano, 10043 Torino, Italy
| | - Alberto Ragni
- Oncological Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, Città della Salute e della Scienza Hospital, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (A.R.); (F.R.)
| | - Francesca Retta
- Oncological Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, Città della Salute e della Scienza Hospital, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (A.R.); (F.R.)
| | - T. Michael De Silva
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Microbiology and Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora 3086, Australia; (H.A.K.); (T.M.D.S.)
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Australia
| | - Christopher G. Sobey
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Microbiology and Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora 3086, Australia; (H.A.K.); (T.M.D.S.)
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Australia
- Correspondence: (C.G.S.); (S.F.R.); Tel.: +61-3-94791316 (C.G.S.); +39-011-6706426 (S.F.R.)
| | - Saverio Francesco Retta
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Orbassano, 10043 Torino, Italy;
- CCM Italia Research Network, National Coordination Center at the Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Orbassano, 10043 Torino, Italy
- Correspondence: (C.G.S.); (S.F.R.); Tel.: +61-3-94791316 (C.G.S.); +39-011-6706426 (S.F.R.)
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10
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Zhang L, Zhang S, He C, Wang X. VDR Gene Polymorphisms and Allergic Diseases: Evidence from a Meta-analysis. Immunol Invest 2019; 49:166-177. [PMID: 31752548 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2019.1674325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Associations between vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms and allergic diseases were already reported by many publications. The aim of this meta-analysis was to clarify associations between VDR gene polymorphisms and allergic diseases by combing the results of all relevant publications. Eligible publications were searched from Pubmed, Embase, WOS and CNKI. We used Review Manager to combine the results of individual studies. Twenty-one studies were included in this study. Combined results proved that VDR rs1544410 BsmI (over-dominant comparison: p = .04, OR = 1.14, 95% CI 1.01-1.29; allele comparison: p = .03, OR = 1.11, 95% CI 1.01-1.22) and rs731236 TaqI (dominant comparison: p = .01, OR = 1.18, 95% CI 1.04-1.33) polymorphisms were both associated with allergic diseases. In subgroup analyses by type of disease, we confirmed positive results for rs1544410 BsmI polymorphism in both asthma and atopic dermatitis, and for rs731236 TaqI polymorphism in atopic dermatitis. Besides, in subgroup by ethnicity of participants, we observed significant associations with allergic diseases for rs7975232 ApaI polymorphism in Caucasians, for rs1544410 BsmI polymorphism in Asians and Caucasians, and for rs731236 TaqI polymorphism in Asians. We also investigated associations between VDR rs2228570 FokI polymorphism and allergic diseases, yet no any positive results were detected for this polymorphism. If we only focused on asthma, then positive findings were detected for rs1544410 BsmI polymorphism in Caucasians, and for rs731236 TaqI polymorphism in Asians. Collectively, this meta-analysis proved that VDR rs7975232 ApaI, rs1544410 BsmI and rs731236 TaqI gene polymorphisms may confer susceptibility to allergic diseases in certain populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sini Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Can He
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xihua Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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11
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Makoui MH, Imani D, Motallebnezhad M, Azimi M, Razi B. Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism and susceptibility to asthma: Meta-analysis based on 17 case-control studies. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2019; 124:57-69. [PMID: 31654764 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2019.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the last decade, several studies have evaluated the potential association between vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphism and susceptibility to asthma. In spite of valuable findings, the results are still contradictory. Therefore, a comprehensive meta-analysis not only solves discrepancies but provides a clue for future projects. OBJECTIVE This meta-analysis was performed to identify whether VDR gene polymorphisms (FokI (rs2228570) or TaqI (rs731236) or BsmI (rs1544410) or ApaI (rs7975232)) play a role in the risk of asthma. METHODS Electronic search of Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed databases were systematically conducted from their inception until June 2019, to identify all published studies. Eligibility of the studies was confirmed by precise inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the resultant studies were analyzed. RESULTS A total of 17 studies concerning VDR gene polymorphisms and asthma risk were included in this meta-analysis. The results of pooled analysis indicated a statistically significant association between FokI SNP (dominant model [OR = 0.78, 95% CI, 0.62-0.98, random effect model] and allelic model [OR = 0.81, 95% CI, 0.67-0.98, random effect model]) and TaqI SNP (homozygote contract model [OR = 0.70, 95% CI, 0.54-0.89]) with asthma risk. Moreover, subgroup analysis showed that ethnicity influences asthma risk in Asian, African, and American populations. The sensitivity analyses confirmed the stability of the results. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis suggests that VDR gene polymorphism is associated with the risk of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Hassanzadeh Makoui
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Danyal Imani
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Motallebnezhad
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Azimi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahman Razi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University (TMU), Tehran, Iran.
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12
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Amo G, Martí M, García-Menaya JM, Cordobés C, Cornejo-García JA, Blanca-López N, Canto G, Doña I, Blanca M, Torres MJ, Agúndez JAG, García-Martín E. Identification of Novel Biomarkers for Drug Hypersensitivity After Sequencing of the Promoter Area in 16 Genes of the Vitamin D Pathway and the High-Affinity IgE Receptor. Front Genet 2019; 10:582. [PMID: 31293618 PMCID: PMC6603231 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of allergic diseases and drug hypersensitivity reactions (DHRs) during recent years is increasing. Both, allergic diseases and DHRs seem to be related to an interplay between environmental factors and genetic susceptibility. In recent years, a large effort in the elucidation of the genetic mechanisms involved in these disorders has been made, mostly based on case-control studies, and typically focusing on isolated SNPs. These studies provide a limited amount of information, which now can be greatly expanded by the complete coverage that Next Generation Sequencing techniques offer. In this study, we analyzed the promoters of sixteen genes related to the Vitamin D pathway and the high-affinity IgE receptor, including FCER1A, MS4A2, FCER1G, VDR, GC, CYP2R1, CYP27A1, CYP27B1, CYP24A1, RXRA, RXRB, RXRG, IL4, IL4R, IL13, and IL13RA1. The study group was composed of patients with allergic rhinitis plus asthma (AR+A), patients with hypersensitivity to beta-lactams (BLs), to NSAIDs including selective hypersensitivity (SH) and cross-reactivity (CR), and healthy controls without antecedents of atopy or adverse drug reactions. We identified 148 gene variations, 43 of which were novel. Multinomial analyses revealed that three SNPs corresponding to the genes FCER1G (rs36233990 and rs2070901), and GC (rs3733359), displayed significant associations and, therefore, were selected for a combined dataset study in a cohort of 2,476 individuals. The strongest association was found with the promoter FCER1G rs36233990 SNP that alters a transcription factor binding site. This SNP was over-represented among AR+A patients and among patients with IgE-mediated diseases, as compared with control individuals or with the rest of patients in this study. Classification models based on the above-mentioned SNPs were able to predict correct clinical group allocations in patients with DHRs, and patients with IgE-mediated DHRs. Our findings reveal gene promoter SNPs that are significant predictors of drug hypersensitivity, thus reinforcing the hypothesis of a genetic predisposition for these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Amo
- University Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, UEx, Cáceres, Spain.,ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Manuel Martí
- University Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, UEx, Cáceres, Spain.,ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Jesús M García-Menaya
- Allergy Service, Badajoz University Hospital, Badajoz, Spain.,ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Concepción Cordobés
- Allergy Service, Mérida Hospital, Badajoz, Spain.,ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Cáceres, Spain
| | - José A Cornejo-García
- Research Laboratory, IBIMA, Regional University Hospital of Málaga, UMA, Málaga, Spain.,ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Natalia Blanca-López
- Allergy Service, Infanta Leonor University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.,ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gabriela Canto
- Allergy Service, Infanta Leonor University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.,ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Doña
- Allergy Unit, IBIMA, Regional University Hospital of Málaga, UMA, Málaga, Spain.,ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Málaga, Spain
| | - Miguel Blanca
- Allergy Service, Infanta Leonor University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.,ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - María José Torres
- Allergy Unit, IBIMA, Regional University Hospital of Málaga, UMA, Málaga, Spain.,ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Málaga, Spain
| | - José A G Agúndez
- University Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, UEx, Cáceres, Spain.,ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Elena García-Martín
- University Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, UEx, Cáceres, Spain.,ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Cáceres, Spain
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13
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Strong association between VDR FokI (rs2228570) gene variant and serum vitamin D levels in Turkish Cypriots. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 46:3349-3355. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-04796-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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14
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Rajaram M, Selvarajan S, Neelamegan R, Kamalanathan S, Gunaseelan V, Xavier AS, Das S, Karthikeyan V, Saka V, Chandrasekaran A. Effects of genetic polymorphisms in Vitamin D metabolic pathway on Vitamin D level and asthma control in South Indian patients with bronchial asthma. Lung India 2019; 36:483-491. [PMID: 31670295 PMCID: PMC6852217 DOI: 10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_23_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The study was designed to evaluate the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of genes involved in Vitamin D actions (rs2228570) and metabolic pathways (rs2248137 and rs10766197) and their associations with serum 25-hydroxy Vitamin D (25(OH)D) level and asthma control in South Indian patients with bronchial asthma. Materials and Methods: One hundred and two patients of South Indian origin with bronchial asthma either naive to inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) or not receiving ICS for ≥1 month were included and were treated with ICS (beclomethasone 200 μg twice daily) for 8 weeks. One hundred and one unrelated healthy South Indians were used as controls. Pulmonary function test and fractional exhaled nitric oxide were used to assess asthma control. Serum 25(OH)D levels (chemiluminescence immunoassay) and SNPs in Vitamin D pathway (real-time polymerase chain reaction) were assessed. The associations of SNPs and serum 25(OH)D with asthma control was determined using linear regression. All analyses were performed using SPSS (version 19) and “SNPStats.” P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphism (rs2228570) was found to be protective against asthma (P = 0.022), while there were no significant associations between the other two SNPs and asthma. Similarly, poor correlation and insignificant associations between the SNPs and serum 25(OH)D levels were observed in both cases and controls. There were also insignificant associations between the SNPs and asthma control. Conclusion: VDR polymorphism (rs2228570) was found to be protective against asthma in South Indians, while other genes involved in the metabolic pathway of Vitamin D did not show associations with asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manju Rajaram
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Sandhiya Selvarajan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Revathy Neelamegan
- Department of Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Sadishkumar Kamalanathan
- Department of Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | | | - Alphienes Stanley Xavier
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Saibal Das
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Vignesh Karthikeyan
- Centre for Biotechnology, Cell Signaling Laboratory, Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vinodkumar Saka
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Adithan Chandrasekaran
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
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15
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Banno A, Reddy AT, Lakshmi SP, Reddy RC. PPARs: Key Regulators of Airway Inflammation and Potential Therapeutic Targets in Asthma. NUCLEAR RECEPTOR RESEARCH 2017; 5. [PMID: 29450204 DOI: 10.11131/2018/101306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma affects approximately 300 million people worldwide, significantly impacting quality of life and healthcare costs. While current therapies are effective in controlling many patients' symptoms, a large number continue to experience exacerbations or treatment-related adverse effects. Alternative therapies are thus urgently needed. Accumulating evidence has shown that the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) family of nuclear hormone receptors, comprising PPARα, PPARβ/δ, and PPARγ, is involved in asthma pathogenesis and that ligand-induced activation of these receptors suppresses asthma pathology. PPAR agonists exert their anti-inflammatory effects primarily by suppressing pro-inflammatory mediators and antagonizing the pro-inflammatory functions of various cell types relevant to asthma pathophysiology. Experimental findings strongly support the potential clinical benefits of PPAR agonists in the treatment of asthma. We review current literature, highlighting PPARs' key role in asthma pathogenesis and their agonists' therapeutic potential. With additional research and rigorous clinical studies, PPARs may become attractive therapeutic targets in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asoka Banno
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Aravind T Reddy
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213.,Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA 15240
| | - Sowmya P Lakshmi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213.,Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA 15240
| | - Raju C Reddy
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213.,Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA 15240
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