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Wu G, Xu H. A synopsis of multitarget therapeutic effects of anesthetics on depression. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 957:176032. [PMID: 37660970 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Depression is a profound mental disorder that dampens the mood and undermines volition, which exhibited an increased incidence over the years. Although drug-based interventions remain the primary approach for depression treatment, the available medications still can't satisfy the patients. In recent years, the newly discovered therapeutic targets such as N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionic acid (AMPA) receptor, and tyrosine kinase B (TrkB) have brought new breakthroughs in the development of antidepressant drugs. Moreover, it has come to light that certain anesthetics possess pharmacological mechanisms intricately linked to the aforementioned therapeutic targets for depression. At present, numerous preclinical and clinical studies have explored the therapeutic effects of anesthetic drugs such as ketamine, isoflurane, N2O, and propofol, on depression. These investigations suggested that these drugs can swiftly ameliorate patients' depression symptoms and engender long-term effects. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive review of the research progress and potential molecular mechanisms of various anesthetic drugs for depression treatment. By shedding light on this subject, we aim to facilitate the development and clinical implementation of new antidepressant drugs based on anesthetic medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guowei Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Hongwei Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China.
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2
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Dai L, Li S, Li X, Jiang B. Propofol inhibits the malignant development of osteosarcoma U2OS cells via AMPK/FΟΧO1‑mediated autophagy. Oncol Lett 2022; 24:310. [PMID: 35949604 PMCID: PMC9353775 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
It has previously been reported that propofol regulates the development of human osteosarcoma (OS). However, the specific molecular mechanisms underlying the effect of propofol on OS remain poorly understood. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to explore the effects of propofol on OS U2OS cells and the potential underlying mechanism. The Cell Counting Kit-8 and colony formation assays were performed to assess cell viability and proliferation. Furthermore, cell apoptosis was assessed using the TUNEL assay and western blotting. Wound healing and Transwell assays were performed to evaluate OS cell migration and invasion abilities, respectively. The protein expression levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-, autophagy- and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/FOXO1 signaling pathway-related proteins were also determined using western blotting. The results demonstrated that propofol significantly reduced the viability of OS cells and promoted autophagy in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, cell treatment with propofol significantly enhanced the protein expression levels of phosphorylated (p)-AMPK and FOXO1, while decreasing the protein levels of p-FOXO1. Furthermore, treatment with propofol significantly suppressed cell viability, migration and invasion abilities and the EMT of OS cells, and potentially promoted cell apoptosis via inducing autophagy via the AMPK/FOXO1 signaling pathway. In summary, the present study indicated that propofol potentially had an inhibitory effect on the development of OS cells via AMPK/FOXO1-mediated autophagy. These results have therefore provided an experimental basis for further studies into the therapeutic effect of propofol on OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Dai
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou 550001, P.R. China
| | - Shimei Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou 550001, P.R. China
| | - Xi Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou 550001, P.R. China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Department of Orthopedic and Sports Medicine, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315000, P.R. China
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Liu P, Zhao S, Qiao H, Li T, Mi W, Xu Z, Xue X. Does propofol definitely improve postoperative cognitive dysfunction?-a review of propofol-related cognitive impairment. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2022; 54:875-881. [PMID: 35713318 PMCID: PMC9828335 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2022067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common brain function-related complication after surgery. In addition to old age being an independent risk factor, anesthetics are also important predisposing factors. Among them, propofol is the most commonly used intravenous anesthetic in clinical practice. It has a rapid onset, short half-life, and high recovery quality. Many studies report that propofol can attenuate surgery-induced cognitive impairment, however, some other studies reveal that propofol also induces cognitive dysfunction. Therefore, this review summarizes the effects of propofol on the cognition, and discusses possible related mechanisms, which aims to provide some evidence for the follow-up studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Liu
- Department of AnesthesiologyBeijing Shijitan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100038China,Anesthesia and Operation Centerthe First Medical CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijing100853China
| | - Sheng Zhao
- Department of CardiologyFuwai HospitalNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseaseChinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100037China
| | - Hui Qiao
- Department of AnesthesiologyBeijing Shijitan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100038China
| | - Tianzuo Li
- Department of AnesthesiologyBeijing Shijitan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100038China
| | - Weidong Mi
- Anesthesia and Operation Centerthe First Medical CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijing100853China,Correspondence address. Tel: +86-13381082966; E-mail: (W.M.) / Tel: +86-15210319808; E-mail: (Z.X.) /Tel: +86-15210903118; E-mail: (X.X.) @
| | - Zhipeng Xu
- Anesthesia and Operation Centerthe First Medical CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijing100853China,Correspondence address. Tel: +86-13381082966; E-mail: (W.M.) / Tel: +86-15210319808; E-mail: (Z.X.) /Tel: +86-15210903118; E-mail: (X.X.) @
| | - Xinying Xue
- Department of Respiratory and Critical CareBeijing Shijitan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100038China,Correspondence address. Tel: +86-13381082966; E-mail: (W.M.) / Tel: +86-15210319808; E-mail: (Z.X.) /Tel: +86-15210903118; E-mail: (X.X.) @
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Zhang B, Luo C, Xiao W. Induction of osteoclast formation by LOX mutant (LOXG473A) through regulation of autophagy. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1474. [PMID: 34734026 PMCID: PMC8506719 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-4474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Lysyl oxidase (LOX) has been identified to modulate osteoclast activity, so we explored the role of LOXG473A, the highest frequency single nucleotide polymorphism in LOX, in osteoclast formation and its potential relationship to autophagy. Methods The ability of the LOX mutant, LOXG473A, to promote autophagy and osteoclast formation was evaluated in the pre-osteoclast cell line RAW264.7. Furthermore, autophagy-related protein expression and autophagosomes were detected by western blot and electron microscopy, respectively. Simultaneously, osteoclast formation and resorption ability were also detected using TRAP staining assay and bone resorption assay. In addition, the osteoclast-related proteins and mRNAs, as well as p-AMPKα and p-mTOR proteins, were further evaluated by western blot and qPCR assays. Results Autophagy inhibitor 3-MA suppressed the Beclin-1 and ATG5 protein levels and the ratio of LC3-II to LC3-I, as well as autophagosome formation in RAW264.7 transfected with the MUT plasmid and enhanced p62 protein expression. Simultaneously, 3-MA also reduced osteoclast formation and resorption, as well as the F-actin ring level of osteoclasts. In addition, 3-MA inhibited osteoclast-related protein and mRNA expression, including NFATC1, ACP5, CTSK. And the autophagy-related pathway protein p-AMPKα was increased and p-mTOR was reduced by 3-MA treatment. However, autophagy agonist RAPA reversed the effect of 3-MA on RAW264.7 with LOXG473A mutation, indicating that promoting autophagy could enhance the ability of LOXG473A to induce osteoclast formation. Conclusions LOX mutant (LOXG473A) might promote osteoclast formation for RAW264.7 by enhancing autophagy via the AMPK/mTOR pathway, which is a new direction for bone disease research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chenglin Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Suzhou Xiangcheng People's Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Wenjin Xiao
- Department of Endocrinology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Evaluation of hematological, biochemical and oxidative stress profile in calves under propofol anesthesia. Vet Res Commun 2021; 46:27-35. [PMID: 34478031 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-021-09826-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Propofol is a widely used drug in veterinary medicine to induce anesthesia; as well as the chosen compound for protocols of intravenous anesthesia. The present study aimed to describe the hematological, biochemical and oxidative stress alterations in calves kept under anesthesia by propofol in different dosages. In order to achieve this, eight Holstein calves were induced using propofol in a 5 mg/kg dosage and maintained under continuous propofol infusion for 60 min, having being administered 0.6 mg/kg/h or 0.8 mg/kg/h in crossover design with seven days interval. Blood samples were collected immediately before the anesthesia induction (baseline), and 30 min, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 h after the procedure started. Statistically relevant propofol influence was observed both in blood and biochemical parameters, with differences between dosages according to the time of infusion. The drug action over oxidative stress was also observed, causing a raise of the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) with an uric acid increase. Additionally, the increase of triglycerides, induced by the anesthesia maintenance with propofol, caused lipemia in the samples, which was capable of interfering directly in the measurements made by refractometry and spectrophotometry. It was concluded that, in spite of propofol induced alterations in blood and biochemical parameters, such alterations are subtle. In addition to that, the drug presented an antioxidative effect, which reinstates the safety of anesthesia maintenance with propofol in calves.
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Cheng F, Qin W, Yang AX, Yan FF, Chen Y, Ma JX. Propofol alleviates neuropathic pain in chronic constriction injury rat models via the microRNA-140-3p/Jagged-1 peptide/Notch signaling pathway. Synapse 2021; 75:e22219. [PMID: 34269482 DOI: 10.1002/syn.22219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve was used to establish neuropathic pain (NP) models in rats. CCI rats were then treated with propofol (Pro) and their paw withdrawal mechanical threshold (PWMT) and paw withdrawal thermal latency (PWTL) were measured. In addition, the expression patterns of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and IL-10 were detected. CCI rats treated with propofol were further injected with antagomiR-140-3p to verify the role of miR-140-3p in propofol's analgesic actions. In addition to confirming the relationship between miR-140-3p and JAG1, the expression patterns of JAG1 itself were detected. Propofol-treated CCI rats were also injected with Ad-JAG1 (adenovirus-packaged JAG1 overexpression vector and Ad-NC) to test the role of JAG1 in propofol's analgesic mechanism of action. Finally, the levels of JAG1 and Notch pathway-related proteins were detected RESULTS: Propofol was found to alleviate NP, including thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical pain threshold. Propofol could also ameliorate neuroinflammation by up-regulating the expression of IL-10 and inhibiting the release of TNF-α and IL-1β. Mechanically, propofol enhanced the amount of miR-140-3p in CCI rats via the regulation of JAG1. Down-regulation of miR-140-3p, or up-regulation of JAG1, could reduce the protective effect of propofol against NP. Propofol inhibited the activation of Notch signaling via miR-140-3p/JAG1 to realize its analgesic effect CONCLUSION: Our findings indicated that propofol inhibits inflammatory responses and the Notch signaling pathway via miR-140-3p/JAG1 to alleviate NP. These data provide evidence to support a potential clinical therapy for NP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Cheng
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Clinic, The Affiliated Lianyungang Oriental Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Qin
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Lianyungang Oriental Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ai-Xing Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Clinic, The Affiliated Lianyungang Oriental Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng-Feng Yan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Clinic, The Affiliated Lianyungang Oriental Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Clinic, The Affiliated Lianyungang Oriental Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian-Xin Ma
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Lianyungang Oriental Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
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Zhang JP, Zhang WJ, Yang M, Fang H. Propofol attenuates lung ischemia/reperfusion injury though the involvement of the MALAT1/microRNA-144/GSK3β axis. Mol Med 2021; 27:77. [PMID: 34266379 PMCID: PMC8281462 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-021-00332-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Propofol, an intravenous anesthetic, was proven to protect against lung ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, the detailed mechanism of Propofol in lung I/R injury is still elusive. This study was designed to explore the therapeutic effects of Propofol, both in vivo and in vitro, on lung I/R injury and the underlying mechanisms related to metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1)/microRNA-144 (miR-144)/glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β). Methods C57BL/6 mice were used to establish a lung I/R injury model while pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVECs) were constructed as hypoxia/reperfusion (H/R) cellular model, both of which were performed with Propofol treatment. Gain- or loss-of-function approaches were subsequently employed, followed by observation of cell apoptosis in lung tissues and evaluation of proliferative and apoptotic capabilities in H/R cells. Meanwhile, the inflammatory factors, autophagosomes, and autophagy-related proteins were measured. Results Our experimental data revealed that Propofol treatment could decrease the elevated expression of MALAT1 following I/R injury or H/R induction, indicating its protection against lung I/R injury. Additionally, overexpressing MALAT1 or GSK3β promoted the activation of autophagosomes, proinflammatory factor release, and cell apoptosis, suggesting that overexpressing MALAT1 or GSK3β may reverse the protective effects of Propofol against lung I/R injury. MALAT1 was identified to negatively regulate miR-144 to upregulate the GSK3β expression. Conclusion Overall, our study demonstrated that Propofol played a protective role in lung I/R injury by suppressing autophagy and decreasing release of inflammatory factors, with the possible involvement of the MALAT1/miR-144/GSK3β axis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s10020-021-00332-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ping Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, No. 83, East Zhongshan Road, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550002, People's Republic of China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Guizhou University People's Hospital, No. 83, East Zhongshan Road, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Guizhou University School of Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Jing Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, No. 83, East Zhongshan Road, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550002, People's Republic of China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Guizhou University People's Hospital, No. 83, East Zhongshan Road, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Guizhou University School of Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, No. 83, East Zhongshan Road, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550002, People's Republic of China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Guizhou University People's Hospital, No. 83, East Zhongshan Road, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Guizhou University School of Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, No. 83, East Zhongshan Road, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550002, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Anesthesiology, Guizhou University People's Hospital, No. 83, East Zhongshan Road, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, People's Republic of China. .,Laboratory of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Guizhou University School of Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang L, Chen H, Tian C, Zheng D. Propofol Represses Cell Growth and Metastasis by Modulating the Circular RNA Non-SMC Condensin I Complex Subunit G/MicroRNA-200a-3p/RAB5A Axis in Glioma. World Neurosurg 2021; 153:e46-e58. [PMID: 34129971 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2021.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioma is a common primary intracranial tumor, with high infiltration and aggression. Propofol (Pro) is associated with growth and metastasis in glioma. Meanwhile, circular RNA non-SMC condensin I complex subunit G (circNCAPG; hsa_circ_0007244) has been reported to be upregulated in glioma. This study explored the role and mechanism of circNCAPG in Pro-induced glioma progression. METHODS Cell viability was determined by cell counting kit-8 assay. Levels of circNCAPG, microRNA-200a-3p (miR-200a-3p), and member RAS oncogene family (RAB5A) were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Colony number, apoptosis, migration, and invasion were analyzed by colony formation, flow cytometry, wound healing, and transwell assays. Matrix metallopeptidase 2, matrix metallopeptidase 9, and RAB5A protein levels were detected by Western blot assay. The binding relationship between miR-200a-3p and circNCAPG or RAB5A was predicted by starBase 2.0 and then verified by a dual-luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation assays. The biological roles of circNCAPG and Pro on glioma tumor growth were examined by the xenograft tumor model in vivo. RESULTS Expression of circNCAPG and RAB5A was upregulated, and miR-200a-3p was decreased in glioma tissues and cells, while their expression presented an opposite trend in Pro-treated glioma cells. Moreover, circNCAPG overexpression could abolish Pro-mediated proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion in glioma cells in vitro. Mechanically, circNCAPG could regulate RAB5A expression by sponging miR-200a-3p. Pro blocked glioma tumor growth in vivo by modulating circNCAPG. CONCLUSIONS Pro could inhibit glioma cell growth and metastasis through the circNCAPG/miR-200a-3p/RAB5A axis, providing a promising therapeutic strategy for glioma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medicine University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medicine University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Changzheng Tian
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medicine University, Shijiazhuang, China.
| | - Deli Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medicine University, Shijiazhuang, China
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