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Abounahia N, Shahab AA, Khan MM, Qiblawey H, Zaidi SJ. A Comprehensive Review of Performance of Polyacrylonitrile-Based Membranes for Forward Osmosis Water Separation and Purification Process. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:872. [PMID: 37999358 PMCID: PMC10672921 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13110872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Polyacrylonitrile (PAN), with its unique chemical, electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties, has become a crucial acrylic polymer for the industry. This polymer has been widely used to fabricate ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, and reverse osmosis membranes for water treatment applications. However, it recently started to be used to fabricate thin-film composite (TFC) and fiber-based forward osmosis (FO) membranes at a lab scale. Phase inversion and electrospinning methods were the most utilized techniques to fabricate PAN-based FO membranes. The PAN substrate layer could function as a good support layer to create TFC and fiber membranes with excellent performance under FO process conditions by selecting the proper modification techniques. The various modification techniques used to enhance PAN-based FO performance include interfacial polymerization, layer-by-layer assembly, simple coating, and incorporating nanofillers. Thus, the fabrication and modification techniques of PAN-based porous FO membranes have been highlighted in this work. Also, the performance of these FO membranes was investigated. Finally, perspectives and potential directions for further study on PAN-based FO membranes are presented in light of the developments in this area. This review is expected to aid the scientific community in creating novel effective porous FO polymeric membranes based on PAN polymer for various water and wastewater treatment applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada Abounahia
- UNESCO Chair in Desalination and Water Treatment, Center for Advanced Materials (CAM), Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Arqam Azad Shahab
- UNESCO Chair in Desalination and Water Treatment, Center for Advanced Materials (CAM), Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Maryam Mohammad Khan
- UNESCO Chair in Desalination and Water Treatment, Center for Advanced Materials (CAM), Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Hazim Qiblawey
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar;
| | - Syed Javaid Zaidi
- UNESCO Chair in Desalination and Water Treatment, Center for Advanced Materials (CAM), Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
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Herath A, Salehi M, Jansone-Popova S. Production of polyacrylonitrile/ionic covalent organic framework hybrid nanofibers for effective removal of chromium(VI) from water. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 427:128167. [PMID: 34979388 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.128167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Hexavalent Cr(VI) found in industrial wastewater is a proven carcinogen which causes serious health issues in humans around the world. This study presents a novel method to enhance the Cr(VI) oxyanion removal from wastewater by polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers through incorporation of a guanidinium-based ionic covalent organic framework (BT-DG) in the nanofibers structure. Simple electrospinning technique was employed to produce PAN nanofibers and BT-DG was synthesized through condensation between benzene-1,3,5-tricarbaldehyde and N,N'-diaminoguanidine monohydrochloride. In-situ polymerization of BT-DG onto PAN nanofibers resulted in generation of hybrid PAN-BT-DG nanofibers. This modified PAN-BT-DG was characterized by obtaining its point of zero charge (PZC), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) morphology and surface elements and oxidation states by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). PAN-BT-DG exhibited positive surface charge below pH 4, making it an outstanding adsorbent, for Cr(VI) removal. Cr(VI) adsorption onto PAN-BT-DG followed pseudo second order kinetics and adsorption data fitted well to Freundlich isotherm model. Highest Cr(VI) removal was obtained at 55 ℃ with a maximum Langmuir adsorption capacity of 173 mg/g at pH 3. Kinetic studies revealed that Cr(VI) adsorption onto PAN-BT-DG is endothermic and thermodynamically feasible. Desorption studies were conducted on PAN-BT-DG using 1 M NaOH as the stripping solvent and PAN-BT-DG exhibited excellent regeneration after five consecutive cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amali Herath
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38018, USA
| | - Maryam Salehi
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38018, USA.
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3
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Advance modification of polyacrylonitrile nanofibers for enhanced removal of hexavalent chromium from water. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Equilibrium studies on the uptake of nitrate and phosphate ions using functionalized carbon cloth. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-021-07872-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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Sun X, Li S, Du M, Huang F, Zhang W, Wei Q, Cai Y. High-performance polyacrylonitrile-based pre-oxidized fibers fabricated through strategy with chemical pretreatment, layer-by-layer assembly, and stabilization techniques. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/0954008320944419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Novel high-performance polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based pre-oxidized fibers (i.e. OPFHA-MEA-L) with improved thermal stability and flame-retardant and mechanical properties were designed and made from the pristine PAN fibers through chemical pretreatment with hydroxylamine hydrochloride (HA) and monoethanolamine (MEA) aqueous solutions, then coated with chitosan (CS) and sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) via layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly, and finally followed by stabilization in the air. The morphological structure, flammability, and thermal and mechanical properties of fabricated OPFs were systemically investigated. The results indicated that the PAN fibers after chemical pretreatment with HA and MEA had a large amount of hydrophilic groups. It would facilitate the increase of pre-oxidation degree for PAN fibers during stabilization and the deposition of positively and negatively charged CS-STPP flame-retardant coating. The fabricated OPFs (i.e. OPFHA-MEA-10) demonstrated superior comprehensive properties with charred residue of about 68.2%, breaking strength of about 295.1 N, breaking elongation of 12.6%, and limiting oxygen index value of about 41.5%, respectively, contributing to the improved thermal stability and flame-retardant and mechanical properties. It is envisioned that this innovative type of high-performance OPFs could be utilized for potential applications as flame retardant and in high temperature filtration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Songqi Li
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingyue Du
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fenglin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- Jiangsu Advanced Textile Engineering Technology Center, Jiangsu College of Engineering and Technology, Nantong, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qufu Wei
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yibing Cai
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
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Shekh MI, Amirian J, Stadler FJ, Du B, Zhu Y. Oxidized chitosan modified electrospun scaffolds for controllable release of acyclovir. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 151:787-796. [PMID: 32092427 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Developing a novel scaffold carrier with a sustained and controllable release profile of drug is essential to promote the effective transdermal delivery for acyclovir (ACY). In this work, electrospun polyacrylonitrile nanofibers (PAN NFs) was chemically modified with oxidized chitosan (OC). The modified fibrous scaffold was further loaded with the ACY for drug released investigation. FT-IR and NMR results revealed that the conversion of the functional group for each step has successfully occurred on the surface of the fibers. Through the in-vitro drug release and kinetic study, it demonstrated that ACY could be sustainably and controlled released from the OC modified scaffold following the Korsmeyer-Peppas model with a Fickian diffusion mechanism. The human adipose-derived stem cells and the blood combability evaluation confirmed the obtained scaffold possessed excellent cell biocompatibility and hemocompatibility. It could be concluded that the resultant OC modified scaffold based on electrospun PAN NFs opened a new potential option for the topical/transdermal drug delivery of ACY.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdihasan I Shekh
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, Nanshan District Key Lab for Biopolymers and Safety Evaluation, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China; Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Jhaleh Amirian
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, Nanshan District Key Lab for Biopolymers and Safety Evaluation, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China; Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Florian J Stadler
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, Nanshan District Key Lab for Biopolymers and Safety Evaluation, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Bing Du
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, Nanshan District Key Lab for Biopolymers and Safety Evaluation, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China.
| | - Yanxia Zhu
- Department of Cell Biology, Health Science Centre, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China.
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Sruthi PR, Anas S. An overview of synthetic modification of nitrile group in polymers and applications. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20190190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Saithalavi Anas
- School of Chemical SciencesMahatma Gandhi University Kottayam Kerala India
- Advanced Molecular Materials Research CentreMahatma Gandhi University Kottayam Kerala India
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Peter KT, Johns AJ, Myung NV, Cwiertny DM. Functionalized polymer-iron oxide hybrid nanofibers: Electrospun filtration devices for metal oxyanion removal. WATER RESEARCH 2017; 117:207-217. [PMID: 28399482 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Via a single-pot electrospinning synthesis, we developed a functionalized polymer-metal oxide nanofiber filter for point of use (POU) water treatment of metal oxyanions (e.g., arsenate and chromate). Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) functionalization was accomplished by inclusion of surface-active, quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) [cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) or tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB)] that provide strong base ion exchange sites. Embedded iron oxide [ferrihydrite (Fh)] nanoparticles were used for their established role as metal sorbents. We examined the influence of QAS and Fh loading on composite properties, including nanofiber morphology, surface area, surface chemical composition, and the accessibility of embedded nanoparticles to solution. Composite performance was then evaluated using kinetic, isotherm, and pH-edge sorption experiments with arsenate and chromate, and benchmarked to unmodified PAN nanofibers and freely dispersed Fh nanoparticles. We also assessed the long-term stability of QAS in the composite matrix. For composites containing QAS or Fh nanoparticles, increasing QAS/Fh nanoparticle loading generally yielded increasing metal oxyanion uptake. The optimized composite (PAN 7 wt%, Fh 3 wt%, TBAB 1 wt%) exhibited two distinct sites for simultaneous, non-competitive metal binding (i.e., iron oxide sites for arsenate removal via sorption and well-retained QAS sites for chromate removal via ion exchange). Moreover, surface-segregating QAS enriched Fh abundance at the nanofiber surface, allowing immobilized nanoparticles to exhibit reactivity comparable to that of unsupported (i.e., suspended or freely dispersed) nanoparticles. To simulate POU application, the optimized composite was tested in a dead-end, flow-through filtration system for arsenate and chromate removal at environmentally relevant concentrations (e.g., μg/L) in both idealized and simulated tap water matrices. Performance trends indicate that dual mechanisms for uptake are maintained in kinetically limited regimes. Although chromate removal via ion exchange is more susceptible to interfering counter-ions, arsenate removal in simulated tap water indicates that ∼130 g of the composite could produce an individual's annual supply of drinking water (assuming an influent contaminated with 100 μg As/L, which is 10 times the current MCL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine T Peter
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Iowa, United States
| | - Adam J Johns
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Iowa, United States
| | - Nosang V Myung
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, United States
| | - David M Cwiertny
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Iowa, United States.
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Lee CG, Alvarez PJJ, Nam A, Park SJ, Do T, Choi US, Lee SH. Arsenic(V) removal using an amine-doped acrylic ion exchange fiber: Kinetic, equilibrium, and regeneration studies. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 325:223-229. [PMID: 27940111 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates As(V) removal from aqueous solutions using a novel amine-doped acrylic ion exchange fiber. The amine doping reaction was confirmed using FT-IR, and the surface of the fiber was characterized using FEG-SEM. The synthesis process was completed within 60min using an AlCl3·6H2O catalyst at 100°C, and the resulting in a fiber with an ion exchange capacity of 7.5meq/g. The removal efficiency of the A-60 fiber was affected by the solution pH, and the efficiency was optimum at pH 3.04. As(V) adsorption on the fiber was rapid in the first 20min and reached equilibrium in 60min. As(V) removal followed pseudo-first-order kinetics, and the Redlich-Peterson adsorption isotherm model provided the best fit of the equilibrium data. The fiber has an As(V) adsorption capacity (qe) of 205.32±3.57mg/g, which is considerably higher than literature values and commercial adsorbents. The removal efficiency of the fiber was above 83% of the initial value after nine regeneration cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Gu Lee
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, United States
| | - Pedro J J Alvarez
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, United States
| | - Aram Nam
- Center for Water Resource Cycle Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Jik Park
- Department of Bioresources and Rural System Engineering, Hankyong National University, Anseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Taegu Do
- Center for Urban Energy Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Ung-Su Choi
- Center for Urban Energy Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyup Lee
- Center for Water Resource Cycle Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-791, Republic of Korea; Graduate School of Convergence Green Technology and Policy, Korea University, Anam-ro 145, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-701, Republic of Korea.
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Park JH, Tai GZ, Lee BK, Park SH, Jang JY, Lee JS, Kim JH, Park K, Jang JW, Kim MS. Preparation and investigation of hydrolyzed polyacrylonitrile as a preliminary biomedical hydrogel. Biomater Res 2015; 19:20. [PMID: 26504588 PMCID: PMC4620644 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-015-0043-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hydrolyzed polyacrylonitrile (HPAN) has attracted much attention as a hydrogel for a broad range of biomedical applications. Therefore, in this study, we prepared HPAN derivatives with controllable compositions by the radical polymerization of acrylonitrile (AN), methacrylic acid (MAA) and N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) monomers. RESULTS The prepared poly(AN-co-MAA-co-NIPAM) copolymers had different ratios of AN, MAA, and NIPAM and molecular weights ranging from 2000 to 50,000. The copolymers were prepared as films to examine their properties. The prepared copolymer films showed different solubilities, contact angles, and swelling ratios. The properties of the copolymer films were affected by the hydrophobic PAN segments and the hydrophilic PMAA or PNIPAM segments. CONCLUSION Thus, we conclude that introducing PMAA and PNIPAM segments with different ratios and lengths into PAN segments could represent a method of controlling the hydrogel properties of copolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hoon Park
- />Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, 443-759 South Korea
| | - Guo Zhe Tai
- />Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, 443-759 South Korea
| | - Bo Keun Lee
- />Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, 443-759 South Korea
| | - Seung Hun Park
- />Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, 443-759 South Korea
| | - Ja Yong Jang
- />Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, 443-759 South Korea
| | - Jung Soo Lee
- />Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, 443-759 South Korea
- />R&DB Center, Cellumed Co., Ltd., Seoul, 153-803 South Korea
| | - Jae Ho Kim
- />Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, 443-759 South Korea
| | - Kwideok Park
- />Center for Biomaterials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 136-791 South Korea
| | - Ju Woong Jang
- />R&DB Center, Cellumed Co., Ltd., Seoul, 153-803 South Korea
| | - Moon Suk Kim
- />Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, 443-759 South Korea
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Chaudhary BK, Farrell J. Understanding Regeneration of Arsenate-Loaded Ferric Hydroxide-Based Adsorbents. ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE 2015; 32:353-360. [PMID: 25873779 PMCID: PMC4378614 DOI: 10.1089/ees.2014.0453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Adsorbents comprising ferric hydroxide loaded on a variety of support materials are commonly used to remove arsenic from potable water. Although several studies have investigated the effects of support properties on arsenic adsorption, there have been no investigations of their effects on adsorbent regeneration. Furthermore, the effect of regenerant solution composition and the kinetics of regeneration have not been investigated. This research investigated the effects of adsorbent and regenerant solution properties on the kinetics and efficiency of regeneration of arsenate-loaded ferric hydroxide-based adsorbents. Solutions containing only 0.10-5.0 M NaOH or 0.10-1.0 M NaCl, as well as solutions containing both compounds, were used as regenerants. On all media, >99% of arsenate was adsorbed through complexation with ferric hydroxide. Arsenate recovery was controlled by both equilibrium and kinetic limitations. Adsorbents containing support material with weak base anion-exchange functionality or no anion-exchange functionality could be regenerated with NaOH solutions alone. Regeneration of media containing strong base anion (SBA)-exchange functionality was greatly enhanced by addition of 0.10 M NaCl to the NaOH regenerant solutions. Adsorbed silica had a significant effect on NaOH regeneration of media containing type I SBA-exchange functionality, but on other media, adsorbed silica had little impact on regeneration. On all media, 5-25% of arsenate was resistant to desorption in 1.0 M NaOH solutions. However, the use of 2.5-5.0 M NaOH solutions significantly reduced the desorption-resistant fraction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James Farrell
- Corresponding author: Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, 1133 E James E. Rogers Way, Room 108, Tucson, AZ 85721. Phone: (520) 621 2465; Fax: (520) 621 6048; E-mail:
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