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Abedali Z, Woloshuk A, Cary C, Boris RS. Does larger prostate size provide protection for cancer specific outcomes in localized prostate cancer. Prostate 2024; 84:1098-1103. [PMID: 38752710 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Benign prostatic hyperplasia is common in the aging population and frequently comorbid with localized prostate cancer. Large prostate volume places significant challenges in robotic prostatectomy including reduced mobility and visualization. The goal of this study is to evaluate the effect of prostate volume as a continuous variable on cancer specific outcomes. METHODS Three thousand four hundred and twenty five patients with localized prostate cancer at a single institution who underwent robotic prostatectomy were retrospectively reviewed. A number of preoperative, operative, and postoperative variables were collected to evaluate cancer specific outcomes including pathologic stage, tissue margins, and biochemical recurrence (BCR). Logistic regression models and univariate and multivariate analyses were implemented for pathologic stage T3 and BCR respectively. RESULTS The median follow up time was 52 months (IQR 18-95). 37.4% of the patients had a final pathologic stage of T3 or higher, 21.2% experienced positive surgical margins, and 24.7% of patients experienced BCR. Prostate size was a significant predictor of all three outcomes of interest. Increasing prostate size was protective against both higher pathologic stage and positive surgical margins (odds ratio = 0.989, 0.990 respectively, p < 0.001). There was a modest increase in the risk of BCR with increasing gland size (hazard ratio = 1.006, p < 0.001). These results were most significant for patients with Gleason Grade Groups 1 and 2 prostate cancer. CONCLUSION Prostate size is a commonly determined clinical factor that effects both surgical planning and cancer specific outcomes. Increasing prostate size may offer protection against higher stage disease and positive surgical margins. While surgically challenging, favorable oncologic outcomes can be consistently achieved for patients with low-intermediate risk disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zain Abedali
- Department of Urology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA
| | - Andre Woloshuk
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA
| | - Clint Cary
- Department of Urology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA
| | - Ronald S Boris
- Department of Urology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA
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Lu H, Yu C, Yu X, Yang D, Yu S, Xia L, Lin Y, Yang B, Wu Y, Li G. Effects of Bony Pelvic and Prostate Dimensions on Surgical Difficulty of Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy: An Original Study and Meta-analysis. Ann Surg Oncol 2024:10.1245/s10434-024-15769-w. [PMID: 39080137 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-024-15769-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the deep location of the prostate within the pelvic cavity, procedures of robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) might be challenged by the prostate size and the limited pelvic cavity space. This study aimed to investigate the roles of bony pelvic and prostate dimensions in RARP procedures by an original study coupled with a meta-analysis. METHODS In the original study, patients undergoing multiport RARP between 2021 and 2022 were consecutively assessed. The associations of anatomic features with operative time (OT), estimated blood loss (EBL), and positive surgical margin (PSM) were evaluated using linear and logistic regression analyses as well as restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis. Based on machine-learning algorithms, this study established predictive models for surgical difficulty and interpreted the model using SHapley Additive exPlanation (SHAP). In the meta-analysis, three databases were searched for eligible studies. Quantitative syntheses were subsequently performed. RESULTS Overall, 219 patients were enrolled in the original study. Prostate volume (PV) and the prostate volume-to-pelvic cavity index (PCI) ratio (PV-to-PCI ratio) were significantly associated with longer OT (P < 0.05). In the RCS models, U-shaped associations were observed between the prostate anteroposterior diameter (PAD) and OT, and between the prostate height (PH) and EBL, and an L-shaped association was observed between the anteroposterior diameter of the pelvic inlet (API) and EBL. The XGBoost model was superior to the logistic regression model in predicting prolonged OT. The meta-analysis demonstrated that greater PV was significantly associated with longer OT (β = 0.20; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.12-0.27; odds ratio [OR] = 1.05; 95% CI 1.00-1.11), and a smaller PV could increase the risk of PSM (OR = 0.82; 95% CI 0.77-0.88). CONCLUSIONS A large prostate within a narrow and deep pelvis might suggest increased surgical difficulty of RARP. The size of the pelvic inlet also had a great impact on RARP. For PAD and PH, there seemed to be an optimal range with the lowest surgical difficulty. Machine-learning models based on the XGBoost algorithm could be successfully applied to predict the surgical difficulty of RARP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haohua Lu
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chenhao Yu
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaojing Yu
- Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dexin Yang
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shicheng Yu
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liqun Xia
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yudong Lin
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bowen Yang
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yihua Wu
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Gonghui Li
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Porcaro AB, Bianchi A, Gallina S, Serafin E, Vidiri S, Veccia A, Rizzetto R, Ditonno F, Montanaro F, Baielli A, Artoni F, Marafioti Patuzzo G, Franceschini A, Brusa D, Princiotta A, Boldini M, Brunelli M, DE Marco V, Migliorini F, Cerruto MA, Antonelli A. High-volume surgeons decrease operating time in robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: results in 1229 patients. Minerva Urol Nephrol 2024; 76:312-319. [PMID: 38920011 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-6051.24.05617-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim is to evaluate factors impacting operating time (OT) during robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) with or without extended pelvic lymph node dissection (ePLND) for prostate cancer. METHODS Overall, 1289 patients underwent RARP from January 2013 to December 2021. ePLND was performed in 825 cases. Factors potentially associated with OT variations were assessed. Three low-volume (LVS) and two high-volume surgeons (HVS) performed the procedures. A linear regression model was computed to assess associations with OT variations. RESULTS When RARP was performed by HVS an OT decrease was observed independently by significant clinical (Body Mass Index [BMI]; prostate volume [PV]) and anatomical/perioperative features (prostate weight [PW]; intraoperative blood loss [BL]) both in clinical (change in OT: -42.979 minutes; 95% CI: -51.789; -34.169; P<0.0001) and anatomical/perioperative models (change in OT: -40.020 minutes; 95% CI: -48.494; -31.587; P<0.0001). A decreased OT was observed in clinical (change in OT: -27.656 minutes; 95% CI: -33.449; -21.864; P<0.0001) and anatomical/perioperative (change in OT: -24.935 minutes; 95% CI: -30.562; -19.308; P<0.0001) models also in case of RARP with ePLND performed by HVS, independently by BMI, PV, PSA as well as for PW, seminal vesicle invasion, positive surgical margins, and BL. CONCLUSIONS In a tertiary academic referral center, OT decreased when RARP was performed by HVS, independently of adverse clinical and anatomical/perioperative factors. Available OT loads can be planned to optimize waiting lists, teaching tasks, operative costs, and surgeon's volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio B Porcaro
- Department of Urology, A.O.U. Integrata, University of Verona, Verona, Italy -
| | - Alberto Bianchi
- Department of Urology, A.O.U. Integrata, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Sebastian Gallina
- Department of Urology, A.O.U. Integrata, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Emanuele Serafin
- Department of Urology, A.O.U. Integrata, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Stefano Vidiri
- Department of Urology, A.O.U. Integrata, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alessandro Veccia
- Department of Urology, A.O.U. Integrata, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Riccardo Rizzetto
- Department of Urology, A.O.U. Integrata, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Francesco Ditonno
- Department of Urology, A.O.U. Integrata, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Francesca Montanaro
- Department of Urology, A.O.U. Integrata, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alberto Baielli
- Department of Urology, A.O.U. Integrata, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Francesco Artoni
- Department of Urology, A.O.U. Integrata, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Franceschini
- Department of Urology, A.O.U. Integrata, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Davide Brusa
- Department of Urology, A.O.U. Integrata, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Michele Boldini
- Department of Urology, A.O.U. Integrata, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Matteo Brunelli
- Department of Pathology, A.O.U. Integrata, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Vincenzo DE Marco
- Department of Urology, A.O.U. Integrata, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Filippo Migliorini
- Department of Urology, A.O.U. Integrata, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Maria A Cerruto
- Department of Urology, A.O.U. Integrata, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Kawamura Y, Uchida T, Umemoto T, Nakajima N, Nitta M, Hasegawa M, Shoji S, Miyajima A. Robot-assisted radical prostatectomy in a patient with prostate cancer complicated by benign prostate hypertrophy with middle lobe hypertrophy. J Surg Case Rep 2024; 2024:rjae077. [PMID: 38389516 PMCID: PMC10881296 DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjae077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) is difficult in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), a condition causing frequent urination, because of the large prostate volume and particularly true when BPH is accompanied by an enlarged middle lobe. To overcome this difficulty, some surgeons elevate the middle lobe with a third arm or tow the urethral catheter to the edge to identify the resection line. Herein, we describe a method for lifting a prostate with an enlarged middle lobe, which was successfully applied in a patient with prostate cancer and BPH. This technique can help identify the resection line between the bladder and prostate, reducing surgical difficulty and the number of unnecessary sutures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Kawamura
- Department of Urology, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara city, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan
| | - Takato Uchida
- Department of Urology, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara city, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Umemoto
- Department of Urology, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara city, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Nakajima
- Department of Urology, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara city, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nitta
- Department of Urology, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara city, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan
| | - Masanori Hasegawa
- Department of Urology, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara city, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan
| | - Sunao Shoji
- Department of Urology, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara city, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan
| | - Akira Miyajima
- Department of Urology, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara city, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan
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Baunacke M. [Urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy: risk factors and utilisation of care]. Aktuelle Urol 2023; 54:443-448. [PMID: 37348540 DOI: 10.1055/a-2097-3475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Stress urinary incontinence is a relevant risk of radical prostatectomy (RP), which significantly affects patients' quality of life. The risk of developing stress urinary incontinence depends on pre-, intra- and postoperative factors. In particular, intraoperative factors regarding different surgical techniques are often focused on in order to improve continence rates. If stress urinary incontinence develops after RPE, patients affected should be treated adequately. In this respect, there are indications of healthcare insufficiencies in Germany. On the one hand, these include deficits in the use of incontinence materials. On the other hand, surgical treatment of stress urinary incontinence after RPE is insufficient.
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Romito I, Giannarini G, Rossanese M, Mucciardi G, Simonato A, Ficarra V. Incidence of Rectal Injury After Radical Prostatectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. EUR UROL SUPPL 2023; 52:85-99. [PMID: 37213241 PMCID: PMC10192923 DOI: 10.1016/j.euros.2023.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Context Rectal injury (RI) is a dreaded complication after radical prostatectomy (RP), increasing the risk of early postoperative complications, such as bleeding and severe infection/sepsis, and late sequelae, such as a rectourethral fistula (RUF). Considering its traditionally low incidence, uncertainty remains as to predisposing risk factors and management. Objective To examine the incidence of RI after RP in contemporary series and to propose a pragmatic algorithm for its management. Evidence acquisition A systematic literature search was performed using the Medline and Scopus databases. Studies reporting data on RI incidence were selected. Subgroup analyses were conducted to assess the differential incidence by age, surgical approach, salvage RP after radiation therapy, and previous benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)-related surgery. Evidence synthesis Eighty-eight, mostly retrospective noncomparative, studies were selected. The meta-analysis obtained a pooled RI incidence of 0.58% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.46-0.73) in contemporary series with significant across-study heterogeneity (I2 = 100%, p < 0.00001). The highest RI incidence was found in patients undergoing open RP (1.25%; 95% CI 0.66-2.38) and laparoscopic RP (1.25%; 95% CI 0.75-2.08) followed by perineal RP (0.19%; 95% CI 0-276.95) and robotic RP (0.08%; 95% CI 0.02-0.31). Age ≥60 yr (0.56%; 95% CI 0.37-06) and salvage RP after radiation therapy (6.01%; 95% CI 3.99-9.05), but not previous BPH-related surgery (4.08%, 95% CI 0.92-18.20), were also associated with an increased RI incidence. Intraoperative versus postoperative RI detection was associated with a significantly decreased risk of severe postoperative complications (such as sepsis and bleeding) and subsequent formation of a RUF. Conclusions RI is a rare, but potentially devastating, complication following RP. RI incidence was higher in patients ≥60 yr of age, and in those who underwent open/laparoscopic approach or salvage RP after radiation therapy. Intraoperative RI detection and repair apparently constitute the single most critical step to significantly decrease the risk of major postoperative complications and subsequent RUF formation. Conversely, intraoperatively undetected RI can lead more often to severe infective complications and RUF, the management of which remains poorly standardised and requires complex procedures. Patient summary Accidental rectum tear is a rare, but potentially devastating, complication in men undergoing prostate removal for cancer. It occurs more often in patients aged 60 yr or older as well as in those who underwent prostate removal via an open/laparoscopic approach and/or prostate removal after radiation therapy for recurrent disease. Prompt identification and repair of this condition during the initial operation are the key to reduce further complications such as the formation of an abnormal opening between the rectum and the urinary tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Romito
- Gaetano Barresi Department of Human and Paediatric Pathology, Urology Section, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Gianluca Giannarini
- Urology Unit, Santa Maria della Misericordia University Hospital, Udine, Italy
| | - Marta Rossanese
- Gaetano Barresi Department of Human and Paediatric Pathology, Urology Section, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Mucciardi
- Gaetano Barresi Department of Human and Paediatric Pathology, Urology Section, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Alchiede Simonato
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, Urology Section, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Ficarra
- Gaetano Barresi Department of Human and Paediatric Pathology, Urology Section, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Latest Evidence on Post-Prostatectomy Urinary Incontinence. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12031190. [PMID: 36769855 PMCID: PMC9917389 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12031190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A radical prostatectomy is frequently used as the first-line treatment for men with prostate cancer. Persistent urinary incontinence after surgery is one of the most severe adverse events. We report the results of a comprehensive literature search focused on post-prostatectomy urinary incontinence (PPI), performed by a panel of experts on non-neurogenic lower urinary tract symptoms. The data on the prevalence and timing of PPI are very heterogeneous. The etiology of PPI can be multifactorial and mainly dependent on patient characteristics, lower urinary tract function or surgical issues. The medical history with a physical examination, the use of validated questionnaires with a voiding diary and pad tests are determinants in identifying the contributing factors and choosing the right treatment. Lifestyle intervention and urinary containment are the most frequently used strategies for the conservative management of PPI, while antimuscarinics, beta-3 agonists and duloxetine (off-label) are drugs indicated to manage PPI with a concomitant overactive bladder. Surgical therapies for the management of post-prostatectomy SUI include non-adjustable trans-obturator slings in men with mild-to-moderate incontinence and an artificial urinary sphincter in men with moderate-to-severe incontinence.
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Lee K, Shiota M, Takamatsu D, Ushijima M, Blas L, Okabe A, Kajioka S, Goto S, Kinoshita F, Matsumoto T, Monji K, Kashiwagi E, Inokuchi J, Oda Y, Eto M. Correlation between extended pelvic lymph node dissection and urinary incontinence at early phase after robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy. Int J Urol 2022; 30:340-346. [PMID: 36478611 DOI: 10.1111/iju.15119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the impact of extended pelvic lymph node dissection (ePLND) on urinary incontinence (UI) at early post-surgery robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). METHODS Patients who underwent RARP without cavernous nerve sparing were included between 2014 and 2019. Patient data were obtained prospectively. The associations between ePLND and postoperative urinary continence were defined as a maximum of one daily pad use. International prostate symptom score (IPSS) was examined. Expression of synaptophysin and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in perilymph node adipose tissue (PLA) was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS In total, 186 and 163 patients underwent RARP with and without ePLND. Urinary continence rate at 1 month postoperatively among patients with ePLND was lower than those without ePLND (24.1% vs. 35.1%, p < 0.05), however, not significantly different at 3, 6, and 12 months after RARP (57.4 vs. 62.6%, 73.1 vs. 74.2%, and 83.0 vs. 81.2%, respectively). Total and voiding plus postvoiding IPSS scores at 1 month were higher in patients with ePLND than in those without ePLND (14.5 ± 0.5 vs. 13.6 ± 0.6, 7.0 ± 0.3 vs. 6.2 ± 0.4, respectively, p < 0.05). In univariate and multivariate analyses, larger prostate volume and ePLND were factors associated with an increased UI rate. Among patients who underwent ePLND, synaptophysin and TH-positive nerve fibers were detected in PLA. CONCLUSIONS Detection of synaptophysin and TH-immunopositive nerves suggested denervation of sympathetic and peripheral nerves caused by ePLND might be associated with a higher UI rate and poor urinary symptoms at an early stage after RARP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Lee
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Masaki Shiota
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Dai Takamatsu
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Miho Ushijima
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Leandro Blas
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Ayami Okabe
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Shunichi Kajioka
- Department of Pharmacy International University of Health and Welfare Fukuoka Japan
| | - Shunsuke Goto
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Fumio Kinoshita
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Takashi Matsumoto
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Keisuke Monji
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Eiji Kashiwagi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Junichi Inokuchi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Yoshinao Oda
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Masatoshi Eto
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
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Independent Factors Affecting Postoperative Short-Term Urinary Continence Recovery after Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2021; 2021:9523442. [PMID: 34876905 PMCID: PMC8645355 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9523442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Our team had firstly applied the transvesical approach to robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) in patients afflicted with localized prostate cancer (PCa). The present study aims to present the postoperative recovery of urinary continence (UC) following the anterior, transvesical, and posterior approaches to RARP for localized PCa and evaluate the independent predictors to early UC recovery after RARP. Methods Patients harboring localized PCa and receiving anterior, transvesical, and posterior approaches to RARP between January 2017 and June 2020 were enrolled in this analysis. Results on UC recovery were compared between these three approaches with the Kaplan–Meier method. All clinical and pathological variables were further analyzed via univariable and multivariable regression analysis to determine the independent factors contributing to short-term UC recovery after RARP. Results A total of 135, 73, and 66 instances were included in the anterior, transvesical, and posterior groups, respectively. Over the postoperative follow-up period, both the transvesical and posterior approaches showed an advantage over the anterior approach in promoting postoperative UC recovery (both p values <0.001). Three months after surgery, 55 (40.7%), 4 (5.5%), and 5 (7.6%) patients failed to UC in the anterior, transvesical, and posterior groups, respectively. Patient age, preoperative PSA, prostate volume, biopsy Gleason score, surgical approach, extended lymph node dissection technique, nerve-sparing technique, and positive lymph node were related to UC status based on univariable analyses (p < 0.05). Multivariable analysis results point patient age, prostate volume, surgical approach, and nerve-sparing technique as independent factors that affect postoperative UC recovery after RARP. Conclusions The application of transvesical approach to RARP for localized PCa could obtain promising outcomes in terms of postoperative UC recovery. In addition, surgical strategies encompassing the nerve-sparing technique and the Retzius-sparing procedures, namely, the transvesical or posterior approach, during RARP could independently enable early achievement of postoperative continence.
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Impact of Prostate Size on the Outcomes of Radical Prostatectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13236130. [PMID: 34885239 PMCID: PMC8656835 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13236130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Prostate size can vary widely among men regardless of whether they have prostate cancer or not. Many studies reported very conflicting results regarding the impact of prostate size on the outcome of radical prostatectomy. This is the first systematic review and meta-analysis on this topic to investigate the impact of prostate size on the operative, functional and oncological outcomes of radical prostatectomy. In general, a smaller prostate can be associated with fewer surgical complications, but with a higher chance of positive surgical margins. This can be useful when counseling patients before surgery. Abstract Background: The impact of prostate size on the radical prostatectomy outcome is not clear. Several published reports have shown conflicting results. Objectives: To investigate the effect of prostate size on the surgical, functional and oncological results of radical prostatectomy. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were carried out in accordance with the PRISMA criteria. Finally, we investigated the research that reported on the impact of prostate size on radical prostatectomy outcome. The Review Manager (RevMan) software version 5.4 was utilized for statistical analysis. Results: Eighteen studies including 12,242 patients were included. Estimated blood loss was significantly less with smaller prostates (Z = 3.01; p = 0.003). The complications rate was 17% with larger prostates, compared to 10% for smaller prostates (Z = 5.73; p < 0.00001). Seventy-three percent of patients with a smaller prostate were continent within one month, compared to 64% with a larger prostate (Z = 1.59; p = 0.11). The rate of positive surgical margins was significantly higher with smaller prostates (20.2% vs. 17.8%). (Z = 2.52; p = 0.01). The incidence of biochemical recurrence was higher with smaller prostates (7.8% vs. 4.9%) (Z = 1.87; p = 0.06). Conclusion: Larger prostate size is associated with more blood loss and a higher rate of complications. However, the oncological outcome is better, compared to that in patients with smaller prostates. The impact of the size on the functional outcome is not clear.
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11
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Uchida T, Higure T, Kawakami M, Nakano M, Nakajima N, Kim H, Nitta M, Hasegawa M, Kawamura Y, Shoji S, Miyajima A. What factors affect the operative time of robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy? Surg Endosc 2020; 35:4436-4443. [PMID: 32909210 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-020-07946-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) has gained prominence since the da Vinci surgical system was introduced in 2000. RARP has now become a standard procedure for treating cases with localized prostate cancer. However, no study has examined its surgical time by accurately measuring the pelvic visceral fat (PVF) volume. This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with prolonged console time and surgical difficulty by RARP surgeons. METHODS This study included 405 patients who underwent RARP between 2014 and 2019 at our institution. Given that the anatomical characteristics were considered to affect RARP, PVF and working space (WS) were estimated preoperatively by computed tomography using a 3D image analysis system. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the factors prolonging console time, such as body mass index (BMI), prostate volume, previous abdominal surgery, nerve-sparing procedure, PVF, and WS. We also investigated whether post-operative complications were associated with any of these factors. RESULTS Larger PVF (p = 0.028, odds ratio (OR) 1.43), smaller WS (p < 0.001, OR 2.48), and the nerve-sparing procedure (p = 0.037, OR 1.61) were statistically significant factors associated with prolonged console time. Furthermore, higher BMI (p = 0.013, OR 1.49) and smaller pelvic width (p < 0.001, OR 2.63) were the alternative and more practical factors associated with prolonged console time. The post-operative anastomotic leakage occurrence rate increased with the number of risk factors, while post-operative complications did not change even in high-risk cases. CONCLUSION PVF and WS are significant factors associated with prolonged console time in RARP cases. However, BMI can be as useful as PVF, since BMI significantly correlated with PVF. Additionally, pelvic width (PW) can be an alternative to WS, since PW correlated with WS. This study demonstrated that preoperative BMI and PW might predict the surgical risk and identify suitable RARP cases for novice surgeons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takato Uchida
- Department of Urology, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara City, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan
| | - Taro Higure
- Department of Urology, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara City, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Kawakami
- Department of Urology, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara City, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan
| | - Mayura Nakano
- Department of Urology, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara City, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Nakajima
- Department of Urology, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara City, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan
| | - Hakushi Kim
- Department of Urology, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara City, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nitta
- Department of Urology, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara City, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan
| | - Masanori Hasegawa
- Department of Urology, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara City, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Kawamura
- Department of Urology, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara City, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan
| | - Sunao Shoji
- Department of Urology, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara City, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan
| | - Akira Miyajima
- Department of Urology, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara City, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan.
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Krausewitz P, Ritter M. [Pre-, intra- and postoperative predictors of functional outcome following radical prostatectomy]. Aktuelle Urol 2020; 51:463-468. [PMID: 32588414 DOI: 10.1055/a-1185-8330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Maintaining continence and erectile function is crucial for quality of life after radical prostatectomy. This review provides an overview of available evidence concerning preoperative risk stratification as well as intra- and postoperative factors determining functional outcomes after radical prostatectomy.Current data indicate that patient factors including age, baseline erectile function, prostate size, body-mass index and comorbidity status are valid predictors of functional outcome after prostatectomy. While surgical methods do not seem to have any influence, intraoperative procedures like nerve-sparing techniques, the extent of pelvic floor reconstruction as well as surgeons' experience have a significant impact on postoperative potency and continence. Rehabilitation consisting of pelvic floor training and use of PDE-5 inhibitors also contributes significantly to the recovery of erectile function and urinary continence.In summary, numerous adjustments of treatment can help to improve functional results and thus the quality of life after prostatectomy. A careful preoperative selection of suitable patients by urologists and integration of knowledge of periprostatic nerve and fascial structures into the surgical procedure are decisive factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Krausewitz
- Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie und Kinderurologie, Bonn
| | - Manuel Ritter
- Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie und Kinderurologie, Bonn
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13
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Athermal versus ultrasonic nerve-sparing laparoscopic radical prostatectomy: a comparison of functional and oncological outcomes. World J Urol 2020; 39:1453-1462. [PMID: 32740806 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-020-03351-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Many urologists emphasize the concept of heat-related damage suggesting the avoidance of any energy to perform nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy. At our institution, both athermal and ultrasonic dissection have been used over the last years to perform a nerve-sparing laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (NSLRP). In this study, we compare functional and oncological outcomes of the two procedures. METHODS All charts from patients undergoing NSLRP between January 2009 and June 2015 were reviewed. The International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) was recorded preoperatively and 3, 12 and 24 months after surgery; continence was recorded at 3 and 12 months; PSA was recorded at last follow-up. Uni- and multivariate analyses were performed to assess the association of variables with functional and oncological outcomes. RESULTS Ultrasonic NSLRP was used for 120 patients, while athermal NSLRP on 111. The impact of the cutting technique on erection recovery was different at 3 months, favoring athermal dissection (p = 0.002); however, significance was lost at 12 (p = 0.09) and 24 (p = 0.14) months. Continence recovery was comparable at 3 (p = 0.1) and 12 (p = 0.2) months; the rate of positive surgical margins and PSA recurrence were also similar (p = 0.2 and p = 0.06, respectively). At univariate analysis, age, Gleason sum, nerve-sparing laterality, and extension (intra- vs interfascial) were associated with overall erection recovery; only age and nerve-sparing laterality were independent predictors. Age and preoperative TRUS prostate volume were associated with continence recovery, both at uni- and multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS The use of an ultrasonic device compared to athermal dissection during NSLRP does not affect long-term potency, nor continence and early biochemical recurrence.
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14
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Predictors for immediate recovery of continence following Retzius-sparing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: a case-control study. Int Urol Nephrol 2019; 51:825-830. [PMID: 30929223 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-018-02071-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We evaluated urinary continence in a series of consecutive patients who underwent Retzius-sparing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RS-RARP) to identify the preoperative predictors of the return to immediate urinary continence. METHODS 110 consecutive patients who underwent RS-RARP for clinically localized prostate cancer were retrospectively collected. Patients reported freedom from using safety pad (0 pad/day) within 7 days after removal of urinary catheter were defined as immediate urinary continent. RESULTS A total of 85 patients (77.27%) were immediate urinary continent after RS-RARP. Patients with immediate urinary continence were significantly younger (66.92 ± 5.73 vs. 69.68 ± 4.99 years, p = 0.031) than those who were incontinent. Furthermore, the prostate volume was significantly smaller (30.90 vs. 44.60 ml, p = 0.001) and preoperative international prostate symptom score (IPSS) was significantly lower (Mild 76.5% vs. 24.0%, Moderate 20.0% vs. 32.0%, and Severe 3.5% vs. 44.0%, p = 0.000) in patients with immediate urinary continence compared with those who were not. On univariable regression analysis, patient's age (OR 0.907, p = 0.035), prostate volume (OR 0.935, p = 0.000), moderate (OR 0.196, p = 0.007), and severe IPSS (OR 0.025, p = 0.000) (compared with mild IPSS) were independent adverse predictors of immediate urinary continence. On multivariable analysis, prostate volume (OR 0.955, p = 0.032) and severe preoperative IPSS (OR 0.044, p = 0.000) (compared with mild IPSS) were independent adverse predictors of immediate urinary continence after RS-RARP. CONCLUSIONS RS-RARP hastens the recovery of urinary continence after surgery. Prostate volume and severe preoperative IPSS were independent adverse predictors of the return to immediate urinary continence.
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Kim MS, Jang WS, Chung DY, Koh DH, Lee JS, Goh HJ, Choi YD. Effect of prostate gland weight on the surgical and oncological outcomes of extraperitoneal robot-assisted radical prostatectomy. BMC Urol 2019; 19:1. [PMID: 30606182 PMCID: PMC6318996 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-018-0434-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) is performed by urologists as one of the surgical procedures for treating prostate cancer. Numerous studies have been published with regard to the impact of prostate weight on performing RARP but were limited by the insufficient number of patients and use of the transperitoneal approach. This study aimed to determine the effect of prostate gland weight on the surgical and short-term oncological outcomes of RARP using the extraperitoneal approach. Methods In total, 1168 patients who underwent extraperitoneal RARP (EP-RARP) performed by a single surgeon at Yonsei University Severance Hospital between May 2009 and May 2016 were included in the study. The patients were divided into 4 groups according to the prostate weight measured by transrectal ultrasonography preoperatively. Intraoperative and postoperative outcomes were analyzed retrospectively. One-way analysis of variance and the chi-square test were used in the statistical analyses. Results Age, the Gleason score, clinical stage, and pathological stage were significantly different. Patients with a larger prostate size had a longer console time and higher estimated blood loss (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences between the 4 groups in length of hospital stay, duration of catheterization, blood transfusion, body mass index, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, history of abdominal surgery, intraoperative complications, positive surgical margin, incidence of lymphocele, and PSA recurrence after 1 year. Conclusions The console time and estimated blood loss were significantly increased with a larger prostate size. However, there were no significant differences in the oncologic outcome and intraoperative complications, suggesting that EP-RARP requires meticulous bleeding control in patients with a prostate weighing > 75 g, and if appropriate management is implemented for blood loss intraoperatively, EP-RARP can be performed regardless of the prostate size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Seok Kim
- Department of Urology and Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Sik Jang
- Department of Urology and Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Doo Yong Chung
- Department of Urology and Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hoon Koh
- Department of Urology and Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Soo Lee
- Department of Urology and Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeok Jun Goh
- Department of Urology and Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Deuk Choi
- Department of Urology, Severance Hospital, Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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Endo F, Ohwaki K, Shimbo M, Hattori K. Relationship Between Intraprostatic Urethral Sphincter Status and Prostate Volume as Revealed by Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Urology 2018; 118:141-144. [PMID: 29775699 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2018.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the relationship between the lengths of 2 regions of the intraprostatic urethral sphincter, the distal region (from the apex to the adenoma [AA]) and the proximal region (from the adenoma to the verumontanum [AV]) and prostate volume (PV) in patients with clinical benign prostate hyperplasia. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 110 patients who underwent magnetic resonance imaging before holmium laser enucleation of the prostate were enrolled. The lengths of 2 distinct intraprostatic urethral regions were measured on magnetic resonance imaging, and we used multiple regression analysis to explore the association between these lengths and PV. RESULTS The median age was 69 years. The median AV and AA lengths were 6.0 and 5.7 mm, respectively. Multiple regression analysis to predict PV revealed that the interaction between age and AV length was significant (P = .012), whereas that between age and AA length was not (P = .819). In patients aged ≥69 years, the AV length was significantly positively associated with the PV (P = .005); in patients aged ≤69 years, a nonsignificant positive association was observed (P = .130). The AA length was not associated with the PV in either subgroup (P = .621 in those aged <69 years and P = .189 in those aged ≥69 years). CONCLUSION Our results may indicate that the proximal length, which is covered by the adenoma, becomes longer as prostate hyperplasia progresses, whereas the distal length does not. It may be important to preserve the intraprostatic length of the striated sphincter when the urethra is dissected at the apex during radical prostatectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumiyasu Endo
- Department of Urology, St. Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Kazuhiro Ohwaki
- Department of Urology, St. Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Graduate School of Public Health, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Shimbo
- Department of Urology, St. Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazunori Hattori
- Department of Urology, St. Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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17
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Yamada Y, Fujimura T, Fukuhara H, Sugihara T, Nakagawa T, Kume H, Igawa Y, Homma Y. Predictors of Early Continence after Robot-assisted Radical Prostatectomy. Low Urin Tract Symptoms 2017; 10:287-291. [PMID: 28699263 DOI: 10.1111/luts.12181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2017] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our objective was to investigate predictors of early continence outcome after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). METHODS Clinical records were prospectively collected in 272 patients who underwent RARP. Clinical parameters, continence rates, and time to achieve continence were investigated and analyzed. Recovery of continence was defined as achieving complete continence (pad-free). RESULTS In the univariate analysis, young age (≤67 years) and low pT stage (≤pT2) were significantly associated with continence achieved within 2 weeks after RARP (P = 0.0343 and P = 0.0406, respectively). Low prostate weight was the only factor associated with recovery of continence within 1 month (P = 0.0461). Multivariate analysis revealed that young age (≤67 years) and low pT stage (≤pT2) were statistically significant predictors of continence within 2 weeks after RARP (P = 0.040 and P = 0.015, respectively). CONCLUSION Young age and low pT stage were independent predictors of early continence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Yamada
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Fujimura
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Fukuhara
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toru Sugihara
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tohru Nakagawa
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruki Kume
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Igawa
- Department of Continence Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukio Homma
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Yamada Y, Fujimura T, Fukuhara H, Sugihara T, Miyazaki H, Nakagawa T, Kume H, Igawa Y, Homma Y. Overactive bladder is a negative predictor of achieving continence after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy. Int J Urol 2017; 24:749-756. [PMID: 28697538 DOI: 10.1111/iju.13411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate predictors of continence outcomes after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy. METHODS Clinical records of 272 patients who underwent robot-assisted radical prostatectomy were investigated. Preoperative Overactive Bladder Symptom Score, International Prostate Symptom Score and clinicopathological factors were investigated, and relationships between factors and recovery of continence after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy were assessed. The presence of overactive bladder was defined as having urgency for more than once a week and having ≥3 points according to the Overactive Bladder Symptom Score. RESULTS Age (≤66 years) was significantly associated with continence within 6 months after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (P = 0.033). The absence of overactive bladder and lower Overactive Bladder Symptom Score (<3) were significantly associated with recovery of continence within 12 months after surgery (both variables P = 0.009). In terms of achieving recovery of continence after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy, Kaplan-Meier curves showed earlier recovery in "age ≤66 years," "prostate weight ≤40 g" and "overactive bladder symptom score <3" (P = 0.0072, 0.0172 and 0.0140, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that the presence of overactive bladder was an independent negative predictor for recovery of continence within 12 months after surgery (P = 0.019). CONCLUSIONS The presence of baseline overactive bladder seems to represent an independent negative predictor for recovery of continence at 12 months after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Yamada
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Fujimura
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Fukuhara
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toru Sugihara
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyo Miyazaki
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tohru Nakagawa
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruki Kume
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Igawa
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukio Homma
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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19
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Pathophysiology and Contributing Factors in Postprostatectomy Incontinence: A Review. Eur Urol 2017; 71:936-944. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2016.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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20
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WASHINO S, HIRAI M, SAITO K, KOBAYASHI Y, ARAI Y, MIYAGAWA T. Impact of Androgen Deprivation Therapy on Volume Reduction and Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Patients with Prostate Cancer. Low Urin Tract Symptoms 2016; 10:57-63. [DOI: 10.1111/luts.12142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi WASHINO
- Department of Urology, Saitama Medical Center; Jichi Medical University; Saitama Japan
| | - Masaru HIRAI
- Department of Urology, Saitama Medical Center; Jichi Medical University; Saitama Japan
| | - Kimitoshi SAITO
- Department of Urology, Saitama Medical Center; Jichi Medical University; Saitama Japan
| | - Yutaka KOBAYASHI
- Department of Urology, Saitama Medical Center; Jichi Medical University; Saitama Japan
| | - Yoshiaki ARAI
- Department of Urology; Nishiohmiya Hospital; Saitama Japan
| | - Tomoaki MIYAGAWA
- Department of Urology, Saitama Medical Center; Jichi Medical University; Saitama Japan
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Santok GD, Abdel Raheem A, Kim LHC, Chang K, Lum TGH, Chung BH, Choi YD, Rha KH. Perioperative and short-term outcomes of Retzius-sparing robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy stratified by gland size. BJU Int 2016; 119:135-141. [DOI: 10.1111/bju.13632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Glen D.R Santok
- Department of Urology and Urological Science Institute; Yonsei University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - Ali Abdel Raheem
- Department of Urology and Urological Science Institute; Yonsei University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
- Department of Urology; Tanta University Medical School; Tanta Egypt
| | - Lawrence H. C. Kim
- Department of Urology and Urological Science Institute; Yonsei University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - Kidon Chang
- Department of Urology and Urological Science Institute; Yonsei University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - Trenton G. H. Lum
- Department of Urology and Urological Science Institute; Yonsei University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - Byung H. Chung
- Department of Urology and Urological Science Institute; Yonsei University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - Young D. Choi
- Department of Urology and Urological Science Institute; Yonsei University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - Koon H. Rha
- Department of Urology and Urological Science Institute; Yonsei University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
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22
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Hirasawa Y, Ohno Y, Nakashima J, Shimodaira K, Hashimoto T, Gondo T, Ohori M, Tachibana M, Yoshioka K. Impact of a preoperatively estimated prostate volume using transrectal ultrasonography on surgical and oncological outcomes in a single surgeon’s experience with robot-assisted radical prostatectomy. Surg Endosc 2015; 30:3702-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00464-015-4664-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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23
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Mandel P, Weinhold P, Michl U, Huland H, Graefen M, Tilki D. Impact of prostate volume on oncologic, perioperative, and functional outcomes after radical prostatectomy. Prostate 2015; 75:1436-46. [PMID: 26074139 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of prostate volume (PV) on oncologic, perioperative and functional outcomes after radical prostatectomy (RP) remains controversial, as recent studies present inconsistent results. We studied the influence of PV on outcomes in a large single center dataset and summarized the existing literature. METHODS 5,477 patients who underwent RP between January 2008 and December 2011 were analyzed. The impact of PV on biochemical recurrence (BCR) and metastasis-free survival (MFS) was assessed using Kaplan-Meier curves and multivariate Cox proportional hazard model. Uni- and multivariate logistic regressions were used to estimate the impact of PV on surgical margin (SM), 1-week, 3-months and 12-months continence and 3-months and 12-months potency. Finally, the impact of PV on intraoperative blood loss was analyzed using uni- and multivariate linear regressions. RESULTS Median follow-up was 36.1 months. Overall, 16.5% of patients recurred during the follow-up period. The mean preoperative PV was 43.3 ml. One-week, 3-months and 12-months continence rates were 55.6%, 69.3%, and 87.4% for patients with PV ≥ 70 compared to 64.4%, 78.3%, and 92.1% for patients with PV < 30, respectively. Three-months and 12-months potency rates were 37.1% and 54.8% for men with large glands (≥70) and 56.3% and 65.0% for men with PV < 30. In multivariate analysis, continence at 1 week, 3 months and 12 months was significantly worse in patients with glands ≥70 ml, while potency was not influenced by PV in multivariate analysis. There was a higher mean blood loss (P < 0.001) in patients with larger glands. In univariate analysis, higher PV was significantly associated with lower BCR (P = 0.019), but not with metastasis free survival (P = 0.112). CONCLUSIONS PV significantly influences BCR-free survival only in univariate analysis. Especially early (1-week and 3-months) postoperative continence is negatively affected by higher PV in multivariate analysis, while PV did not influence potency after adjusting for further covariates in a specialized high-volume institution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Mandel
- Martini-Clinic Prostate Cancer Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Weinhold
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Munich-Gro, ß, hadern, Munich, Germany
| | - Uwe Michl
- Martini-Clinic Prostate Cancer Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hartwig Huland
- Martini-Clinic Prostate Cancer Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Graefen
- Martini-Clinic Prostate Cancer Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Derya Tilki
- Martini-Clinic Prostate Cancer Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Tuliao PH, Koo KC, Komninos C, Chang CH, Choi YD, Chung BH, Hong SJ, Rha KH. Number of positive preoperative biopsy cores is a predictor of positive surgical margins (PSM) in small prostates after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). BJU Int 2015; 116:897-904. [PMID: 25098818 DOI: 10.1111/bju.12888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the impact of prostate size on positive surgical margin (PSM) rates after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) and the preoperative factors associated with PSM. PATIENTS AND METHODS In all, 1229 men underwent RARP by a single surgeon, from 2005 to August of 2013. Excluded were patients who had transurethral resection of the prostate, neoadjuvant therapy, clinically advanced cancer, and the first 200 performed cases (to reduce the effect of learning curve). Included were 815 patients who were then divided into three prostate size groups: <31 g (group 1), 31-45 g (group 2), >45 g (group 3). Multivariate analysis determined predictors of PSM and biochemical recurrence (BCR). RESULTS Console time and blood loss increased with increasing prostate size. There were more high-grade tumours in group 1 (group 1 vs group 2 and group 3, 33.9% vs 25.1% and 25.6%, P = 0.003 and P = 0.005). PSM rates were higher in prostates of <45 g with preoperative PSA levels of >20 ng/dL, Gleason score ≥7, T3 tumour, and ≥3 positive biopsy cores. In group 1, preoperative stage T3 [odds ratio (OR) 3.94, P = 0.020] and ≥3 positive biopsy cores (OR 2.52, P = 0.043) were predictive of PSM, while a PSA level of >20 ng/dL predicted the occurrence of BCR (OR 5.34, P = 0.021). No preoperative factors predicted PSM or BCR for groups 2 and 3. CONCLUSION A preoperative biopsy with ≥3 positive cores in men with small prostates predicts PSM after RARP. In small prostates with PSM, a PSA level of >20 ng/dL is a predictor of BCR. These factors should guide the choice of therapy and indicate the need for closer postoperative follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick H Tuliao
- Department of Urology and Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyo C Koo
- Department of Urology and Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Christos Komninos
- Department of Urology and Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chien H Chang
- Department of Urology and Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young D Choi
- Department of Urology and Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung H Chung
- Department of Urology and Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung J Hong
- Department of Urology and Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Koon H Rha
- Department of Urology and Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lavigueur-Blouin H, Noriega AC, Valdivieso R, Hueber PA, Bienz M, Alhathal N, Latour M, Trinh QD, El-Hakim A, Zorn KC. Predictors of early continence following robot-assisted radical prostatectomy. Can Urol Assoc J 2015; 9:e93-7. [PMID: 25737770 DOI: 10.5489/cuaj.2086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Functional outcomes after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) greatly influence patient quality of life. Data regarding predictors of early continence, especially 1 month following RARP, are limited. Previous reports mainly address immediate or 3-month postoperative continence rates. We examine preoperative predictors of pad-free continence recovery at the first follow-up visit 1 month after RARP. METHODS Between January 2007 and January 2013, preoperative and follow-up data were prospectively collected for 327 RARP patients operated on by 2 fellowship-trained surgeons (AEH and KCZ). Patient and operative characteristics included age, body mass index (BMI), staging, preoperative prostate-specific antigen (PSA), prostate weight, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), Sexual Health Inventory for Men (SHIM) score and type of nerve-sparing performed. Continence was defined by 0-pad usage at 1 month follow-up. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to assess for predictors of early continence. RESULTS Overall, 44% of patients were pad-free 1 month post-RARP. In multivariate regression analysis, age (odds ratio [OR] 0.946, confidence interval [CI] 95%: 0.91, 0.98) and IPSS (OR: 0.953, CI 95%: 0.92, 0.99) were independent predictors of urinary continence 1 month following RARP. Other variables (BMI, staging, preoperative PSA, SHIM score, prostate weight and type of nerve-sparing) were not statistically significant predictors of early continence. Limitations of this study include missing data for comorbidities, patient use of pelvic floor exercises and patient maximal activity. Moreover, patient-reported continence using a 0-pad usage definition represents a semiquantitative and subjective measurement. CONCLUSION In a broad population of patients who underwent RARP at our institution, 44% of patients were pad-free at 1 month. Age and IPSS were independent predictors of early continence after surgery. Men of advanced age and those with significant lower urinary tract symptoms prior to RARP should be counselled on the increased risk of urinary incontinence in the early stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Lavigueur-Blouin
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC
| | - Alina Camacho Noriega
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC
| | - Roger Valdivieso
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC
| | - Pierre-Alain Hueber
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC
| | - Marc Bienz
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC
| | - Naif Alhathal
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC
| | - Mathieu Latour
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC
| | - Quoc-Dien Trinh
- Division of Urologic Surgery and Center for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Assaad El-Hakim
- Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC
| | - Kevin C Zorn
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC
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Agrawal V, Joseph J. Bladder rupture - a rare complication of extraperitoneal balloon dissection during robot-assisted radical prostatectomy. Int J Med Robot 2015; 11:395-9. [PMID: 25613575 DOI: 10.1002/rcs.1634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2014] [Revised: 11/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Balloon dissection to create the extraperitoneal space to facilitate laparoscopic procedures is generally a safe step. However, complications can include vascular and visceral injuries. Bladder injury during balloon dilation of extraperitoneal space has previously been described during herniorraphy. This is the first reported case of bladder injury during balloon dilation of the extraperitoneal space during robot-assisted radical prostatectomy. METHODS We report transection of bladder at the prostato-vesical junction, during balloon dilation of extraperitoneal space, in a 66-year-old man undergoing extraperitoneal robot-assisted radical prostatectomy. RESULTS The patient had an uneventful procedure due to immediate recognition of this intra-operative complication. At 6-month follow-up, he reports complete return of urinary continence and is free from biochemical recurrence from prostate cancer. DISCUSSION Albeit uncommon, balloon-related complications can occur. Surgeons performing extraperitoneal laparoscopic procedures should be aware of the range of potential complications specifically related to balloon dilation of extraperitoneal space. With experience, these complications can be mitigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vineet Agrawal
- Department of Urology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Jean Joseph
- Department of Urology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
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Transurethral surgical anatomy of the arterial bleeder in the enucleated capsular plane of enlarged prostates during holmium laser enucleation of the prostate. Int Neurourol J 2014; 18:138-44. [PMID: 25279241 PMCID: PMC4180164 DOI: 10.5213/inj.2014.18.3.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To identify the endoscopic vascular anatomy of the prostate during Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP), and analyze the clinical risk factors associated with significant arterial bleeding. Methods We identified 107 consecutive patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia who underwent HoLEP between September 2009 and August 2010, performed by a single surgeon (S.J.O.). Two independent reviewers reviewed the surgery video database and completed a prespecified form. The location of bleeding arteries was marked at the level of the bladder neck, proximal prostate, distal prostate, and verumontanum. Arterial bleeding was classified into one of three grades according to bleeding severity (grades 2 and 3 indicate significant bleeding). Results The mean prostate volume was 65.1±31.5 mL, and the mean prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level was 3.69±3.58 ng/mL. During the HoLEP procedure, the most common locations of significant bleeders were the 2-5 and 7-10 o'clock positions in the proximal prostate. The average number of bleeding arteries was 12.1±7.9 per procedure, and 1.93±1.20 per 10 mL of prostate volume. Multivariate analysis revealed that prostate volume and serum PSA were significant parameters for estimating the number of bleeding vessels. Conclusions During the HoLEP procedure, the most common locations of significant bleeders were the 2-5 and 7-10 o'clock positions in the proximal prostate. Prostate volume was associated with the number of bleeders. A careful approach to the capsular plane of the proximal prostate facilitates early hemostasis during the HoLEP procedure, especially with larger adenomas.
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Bienz M, Hueber PA, Al-Hathal N, McCormack M, Bhojani N, Trinh QD, Zorn KC. Accuracy of transrectal ultrasonography to evaluate pathologic prostate weight: correlation with various prostate size groups. Urology 2014; 84:169-74. [PMID: 24976231 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2014.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Revised: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report the accuracy of transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) to measure prostate size before robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy using the prolate ellipsoid formula and its correlation to the weight of the postoperative prostate specimen, for different prostate size groups. METHODS Preoperative prostate size estimated by TRUS and the weight of postoperative prostate specimens were collected from 440 men undergoing robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy. Patients were grouped according to preoperative prostate size: <30, 30-60, 60-80, and ≥80 g. To evaluate accuracy, the mean absolute percentage of error was used. The mean percentage of error was used to indicate whether the estimation of TRUS had a tendency to overestimate or underestimate prostate size. The correlation between both measurements was analyzed for each size group. RESULTS Accuracy of TRUS estimation was associated with increased prostate size. TRUS estimation was more accurate for larger prostates. The mean absolute percentage of error of each group was 38.64% (<30 g), 21.33% (30-60 g), 13.23% (60-80 g), and 14.96% (≥80 g). Correlation followed a similar size-dependent trend, with a stronger r coefficient for larger prostates: 0.174 (<30 g), 0.327 (30-60 g), 0.457 (60-80 g), and 0.839 (≥80 g). Interestingly, smaller prostates were underestimated, whereas larger glands (≥80 g) had a tendency to be overestimated by TRUS. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that the accuracy of the prolate ellipsoid formula for TRUS varies according to prostate size. Although this formula is fairly accurate for assessing larger prostates, it shows some limitations for smaller prostates. This must be taken into account when evaluating treatment modalities such as transurethral incision of the prostate and brachytherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Bienz
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Montreal University Hospital Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Pierre-Alain Hueber
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Montreal University Hospital Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Naif Al-Hathal
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Montreal University Hospital Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Michael McCormack
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Montreal University Hospital Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Naeem Bhojani
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Montreal University Hospital Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Quoc-Dien Trinh
- Division of Urologic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Center for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Kevin C Zorn
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Montreal University Hospital Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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Bianchi F, Cursi M, Ferrari M, Salonia A, Amadio S, Comi G, Danuser H, Del Carro U, Mattei A. Quantitative EMG of external urethral sphincter in neurologically healthy men with prostate pathology. Muscle Nerve 2014; 50:571-6. [DOI: 10.1002/mus.24189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Revised: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Bianchi
- Clinical Neurophysiology Unit; Department of Neurology; San Raffaele Hospital, Via Olgettina; 60, 20132 Milano Italy
| | - Marco Cursi
- Clinical Neurophysiology Unit; Department of Neurology; San Raffaele Hospital, Via Olgettina; 60, 20132 Milano Italy
| | - Matteo Ferrari
- Department of Urology; Lucerne Cantonal Hospital; Lucerne Switzerland
| | - Andrea Salonia
- Department of Urology; University Vita-Salute, San Raffaele Hospital; Milan Italy
| | - Stefano Amadio
- Clinical Neurophysiology Unit; Department of Neurology; San Raffaele Hospital, Via Olgettina; 60, 20132 Milano Italy
| | - Giancarlo Comi
- Clinical Neurophysiology Unit; Department of Neurology; San Raffaele Hospital, Via Olgettina; 60, 20132 Milano Italy
| | - Hansjörg Danuser
- Department of Urology; Lucerne Cantonal Hospital; Lucerne Switzerland
| | - Ubaldo Del Carro
- Clinical Neurophysiology Unit; Department of Neurology; San Raffaele Hospital, Via Olgettina; 60, 20132 Milano Italy
| | - Agostino Mattei
- Department of Urology; Lucerne Cantonal Hospital; Lucerne Switzerland
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Tan GY, El Douaihy Y, Te AE, Tewari AK. Scientific and technical advances in continence recovery following radical prostatectomy. Expert Rev Med Devices 2014; 6:431-53. [DOI: 10.1586/erd.09.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Boylu U, Turan T, Başataç C, Fatih Önol F, Gümüş E. The effect of prostate weight on the outcomes of robot-assisted radical prostatectomy. Turk J Urol 2013; 39:209-13. [PMID: 26328112 DOI: 10.5152/tud.2013.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2013] [Accepted: 07/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The effect of prostate volume on the surgical, functional, and oncological outcomes of robot assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) was evaluated. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 180 patients who underwent RARP and had at least a 1-year follow-up were included. The patients were divided into 3 groups based on prostate weight (Group 1: <45 g, Group 2: 45-75 g, and Group 3: >76 g). Erectile function and continence were evaluated at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months postoperatively. The International Index of Erectile Dysfunction (IIEF) score and daily pad usage were evaluated as indicators of erectile function and continence, respectively. The measurement of two prostate-specific antigen (PSA) values over 0.2 ng/mL was considered biochemical disease recurrence. RESULTS Patients with larger prostates were older and had a longer operative time and higher PSA level compared with patients with smaller prostates (p<0.05). The positive surgical margin rate was higher in patients with smaller prostates (p=0.06). However, patients with a prostate weight <45 g had higher IIEF scores at 3 and 6 months. IIEF scores were similar at the end of the 1-year follow-up period. Pad usage and time to continence were higher in patients with larger prostates (p>0.05). CONCLUSION Although prostate weight affected the surgical outcomes of RARP, the functional and oncological outcomes were similar among all patients. Long-term follow-up is needed to determine their impact on oncological outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uğur Boylu
- Department of Urology, Ümraniye Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Turgay Turan
- Department of Urology, Ümraniye Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Cem Başataç
- Department of Urology, Ümraniye Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Fikret Fatih Önol
- Department of Urology, Ümraniye Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Eyüp Gümüş
- Department of Urology, Ümraniye Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
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Miyazato M, Kaiho Y, Mitsuzuka K, Yamada S, Namiki S, Saito H, Ito A, Nakagawa H, Ishidoya S, Saito S, Arai Y. Impact of prostate size on urinary quality of life scores after open radical prostatectomy: a single-center experience. Scand J Urol 2013; 48:146-52. [PMID: 24053335 DOI: 10.3109/21681805.2013.836723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the effects of prostate size on long-term health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and functional outcomes after radical prostatectomy (RP). MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 207 consecutive patients who underwent RP for localized prostate cancer was stratified by pathological prostate gland weight into group 1, patients with prostate glands weighing less than 30 g; group 2, those with prostates weighing 30-50 g; and group 3, those with prostates weighing more than 50 g. Urinary HRQoL was assessed before surgery and at 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48 and 60 months after RP using a Japanese version of the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC) questionnaire. RESULTS Baseline urinary function was significantly (p < 0.05) reduced in patients with the largest glands (group 3), as demonstrated by EPIC urinary domain summary and subscale scores, including scores for urinary bother, irritation and obstruction, compared with patients with smaller glands (groups 1 and 2). At follow-up ranging from 18 to 36 months, patients in group 3 had improved EPIC urinary domain summary and subscale scores, including scores for urinary irritation and obstruction and urinary bother subscale scores, compared with their baseline scores (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In patients with large prostate glands, postoperative improvement was observed in HRQoL and functional outcome after RP. Thus, RP may be beneficial in patients with large prostates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minoru Miyazato
- Department of Urology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai , Japan
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Kojima Y, Takahashi N, Haga N, Nomiya M, Yanagida T, Ishibashi K, Aikawa K, Lee DI. Urinary incontinence after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: Pathophysiology and intraoperative techniques to improve surgical outcome. Int J Urol 2013; 20:1052-63. [DOI: 10.1111/iju.12214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2013] [Accepted: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyuki Kojima
- Department of Urology; Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine; Fukushima Japan
| | - Norio Takahashi
- Department of Urology; Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine; Fukushima Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Haga
- Department of Urology; Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine; Fukushima Japan
| | - Masanori Nomiya
- Department of Urology; Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine; Fukushima Japan
| | - Tomohiko Yanagida
- Department of Urology; Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine; Fukushima Japan
| | - Kei Ishibashi
- Department of Urology; Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine; Fukushima Japan
| | - Ken Aikawa
- Department of Urology; Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine; Fukushima Japan
| | - David I Lee
- Division of Urology; Penn Presbyterian Medical Center; University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
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Jeong SJ, Yeon JS, Lee JK, Cha WH, Jeong JW, Lee BK, Lee SC, Jeong CW, Kim JH, Hong SK, Byun SS, Lee SE. Development and validation of nomograms to predict the recovery of urinary continence after radical prostatectomy: comparisons between immediate, early, and late continence. World J Urol 2013; 32:437-44. [PMID: 23832420 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-013-1127-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2013] [Accepted: 06/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Few studies have been conducted on the serial evaluation of predictors for recovery of urinary continence (RC) after radical prostatectomy (RP) among same cohort. We developed and validated nomograms to predict immediate (≤1), early (≤3), and late (≤12 months) RC from a contemporary series and compared each nomogram with regard to the significance of predictors for RC. METHODS Among consecutive men who received robot-assisted or open retropubic RP between 2004 and 2011, 872 (74.7 %) and 296 (25.3 %) were randomly assigned to subcohorts for the development of nomograms and for the split-sample external validation. The final multivariate model was selected based on the stepwise procedure, and the regression coefficient-based nomograms were developed based on final models. RESULTS Age at surgery, membranous urethral length (MUL), and robot-assisted RP were significant for RC at 1, 3, and 12 months. Saving the neurovascular bundle (NVB) and prostate volume were significant only for RC at 12 months. Odds ratios for age and MUL were constant over time, whereas the odds ratio for robot-assisted surgery decreased over time. Each developed nomogram was reasonably well fitted to the ideal line of the calibration plot. The split-sample external validation of nomograms indicated 63, 65, 71 % accuracy for each RC time point. CONCLUSIONS We developed nomograms for RC at each time point after RP and validated adequately. Saving the NVB and prostate volume may affect only late RC after RP. In contrast, age, MUL, and robot-assisted surgery seem to be consistently associated with immediate, early, and late RC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Jin Jeong
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 300 Gumi-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 463-707, Korea,
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Labanaris AP, Zugor V, Witt JH. Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy in Patients with a Pathologic Prostate Specimen Weight =100 Grams versus =50 Grams: Surgical, Oncologic and Short-Term Functional Outcomes. Urol Int 2013; 90:24-30. [DOI: 10.1159/000342969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2012] [Accepted: 08/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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36
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Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Studies Reporting Urinary Continence Recovery After Robot-assisted Radical Prostatectomy. Eur Urol 2012; 62:405-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2012.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 789] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2012] [Accepted: 05/22/2012] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Berelavichus SV, Karmazanovsky GG, Shirokov VS, Kubyshkin VA, Kriger AG, Kondratyev EV, Zakharova OP. Virtual modeling of robot-assisted manipulations in abdominal surgery. World J Gastrointest Surg 2012; 4:141-5. [PMID: 22816028 PMCID: PMC3400042 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v4.i6.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2011] [Revised: 06/22/2012] [Accepted: 06/24/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To determine the effectiveness of using multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) data in preoperative planning of robot-assisted surgery.
METHODS: Fourteen patients indicated for surgery underwent MDCT using 64 and 256-slice MDCT. Before the examination, a specially constructed navigation net was placed on the patient’s anterior abdominal wall. Processing of MDCT data was performed on a Brilliance Workspace 4 (Philips). Virtual vectors that imitate robotic and assistant ports were placed on the anterior abdominal wall of the 3D model of the patient, considering the individual anatomy of the patient and the technical capabilities of robotic arms. Sites for location of the ports were directed by projection on the roentgen-positive tags of the navigation net.
RESULTS: There were no complications observed during surgery or in the post-operative period. We were able to reduce robotic arm interference during surgery. The surgical area was optimal for robotic and assistant manipulators without any need for reinstallation of the trocars.
CONCLUSION: This method allows modeling of the main steps in robot-assisted intervention, optimizing operation of the manipulator and lowering the risk of injuries to internal organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav V Berelavichus
- Stanislav V Berelavichus, Valeriy A Kubyshkin, Andrey G Kriger, Surgery Department of Vishnevsky Institute of Surgery, B. Serpukhovskaya Street, 27, Moscow 117997, Russia
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Robotic-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy: a critical analysis of its impact on urinary continence. Curr Opin Urol 2011; 21:185-94. [DOI: 10.1097/mou.0b013e3283455a21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Marchetti PE, Shikanov S, Razmaria AA, Zagaja GP, Shalhav AL. Impact of Prostate Weight on Probability of Positive Surgical Margins in Patients With Low-risk Prostate Cancer After Robotic-assisted Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy. Urology 2011; 77:677-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2010.07.512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2010] [Revised: 07/02/2010] [Accepted: 07/10/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Ward NT, Parsons JK, Levinson AW, Bagga HS, Mettee LZ, Su LM, Pavlovich CP. Prostate size is not associated with recovery of sexual function after minimally invasive radical prostatectomy. Urology 2010; 77:952-6. [PMID: 21195466 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2010.09.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2010] [Revised: 08/02/2010] [Accepted: 09/30/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the association of prostate weight with recovery of sexual function after minimally invasive radical prostatectomy. METHODS Between April 2001 and September 2007, two surgeons performed 856 consecutive laparoscopic radical prostatectomies for clinically localized prostate cancer. Patients were stratified into three groups by prostate weight: <35 g, 35-70 g, and >70 g. Sexual and urinary outcomes were assessed prospectively using the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC) questionnaire. Patients who underwent nerve sparing (unilateral or bilateral) with complete preoperative EPIC data, a minimum preoperative Sexual Health Inventory for Men score ≥21, and a minimum of 3 months of complete postoperative EPIC data were included in the analysis. RESULTS Of the cohort of 856 men, 324 (38%) had complete, evaluable data and met the inclusion criteria for this study. Preoperatively, there were no significant differences by prostate weight in the EPIC sexual function or bother subscale scores or the proportion of patients participating in sexual intercourse. Postoperatively, we observed statistically similar returns to baseline EPIC sexual function and bother subscale scores and participation in sexual intercourse across all gland weight groups at all time points. EPIC sexual domain scores and the proportions of patients participating in sexual intercourse continued to increase up to 24 months postoperatively, but no group returned to preoperative function at any sampling point. CONCLUSIONS Prostate size is not associated with postoperative recovery of sexual function in men undergoing minimally invasive radical prostatectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas T Ward
- Division of Urologic Oncology, Moores Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92103-8897, USA
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Kermarrec I, Mangin P, Koutlidis N, Mourey E, Cormier L. [Does robotics improve laparoscopic radical prostatectomy in complex surgical cases?]. Prog Urol 2010; 20:638-43. [PMID: 20951932 DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2010.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2010] [Revised: 02/28/2010] [Accepted: 03/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The radical prostatectomy is the main treatment prostate cancer in young men. However in difficult cases, another therapeutic option is often suggested. OBJECTIVE Evaluation of the quality of the anastomosis in complex surgical cases by comparing laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP) to robotic assisted radical prostatectomy (RLRP). MATERIAL From March 2004 to August 2009, 397 patients underwent radical prostatectomy: 176 LRP and 221 RLRP consecutively by the same surgeon. Antecedents that might have complicated dissection were analyzed: prostatic volume over 80 cc, previous inguinal hernia repair with mesh, previous pelvic surgery, body mass index over 30 and previous trans-urethral resection of prostate. RESULTS In a preoperative mode, there was no significant difference between the two groups. A multivariable analysis of the quality of the anastomosis turned to the advantage of the robot (OR=2.56 [95 %CI: 1.28-5.25]), specifically for difficult cases (Odd Ratio=7.736 [95 %CI: 2.689-22.254]). CONCLUSION The use of the robot improved the quality of the anastomosis for patients that might have raised technical issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Kermarrec
- Service d'urologie, hôpital Bocage, faculté de médecine de Dijon, université de Bourgogne, 7, boulevard Jeanne-d'Arc, 21000 Dijon, France.
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Martínez CH, Chalasani V, Lim D, Nott L, Al-Bareeq RJ, Wignall GR, Stitt L, Pautler SE. Effect of prostate gland size on the learning curve for robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy: does size matter initially? J Endourol 2010; 24:261-6. [PMID: 20073551 DOI: 10.1089/end.2009.0325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Widespread introduction of robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RALRP) has led to multiple surgeons going through the learning curve (LC). One of the recommendations for surgeons on the LC for RALRP is to choose patients with smaller glands. We evaluated our LCs to determine whether prostate size influenced intraoperative outcomes and positive surgical margin rates. PATIENTS AND METHODS Data were obtained from a prospective database for the first 154 cases of RALRP performed by a single surgeon. Patients were divided into three groups based on prostate volume (PV): <40 cc (group 1), 40 to 60 cc (group 2), or >60 cc (group 3). PV was estimated by preoperative transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) and correlated with pathologic weight (PW). Perioperative and immediate postoperative outcomes were evaluated. RESULTS A statistically significant difference in total operative times between the groups (206 minutes vs 201 minutes vs 233 minutes for groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively) was noted. With regard to individual intraoperative steps, the bladder neck reconstruction and anastomosis time was longer in group 3. No other statistically significant differences were noted. The Pearson correlation coefficient between PV estimation by TRUS and PW was r = 0.785, and an additional analysis based on PW supports the results of our study. CONCLUSIONS Prostate size influenced total operative times and the bladder neck reconstruction and anastomosis time. Our data support the use of preoperative TRUS to estimate PV and recommendations for surgeons starting on their LC to choose glands less than 60 cc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos H Martínez
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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Boylu U, Oommen M, Raynor M, Lee BR, Thomas R. Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy in Patients with Previous Abdominal Surgery: A Novel Laparoscopic Adhesiolysis Technique. J Endourol 2010; 24:229-32. [DOI: 10.1089/end.2009.0237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ugur Boylu
- Department of Urology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Mathew Oommen
- Department of Urology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Mathew Raynor
- Department of Urology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Benjamin R. Lee
- Department of Urology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Raju Thomas
- Department of Urology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
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Karl A, Buchner A, Becker H, Staehler M, Seitz M, Stief C. Perioperative blood loss in open retropubic radical prostatectomy - Is it safe to get operated at an educational hospital? Eur J Med Res 2009; 14:292-6. [PMID: 19661011 PMCID: PMC3458639 DOI: 10.1186/2047-783x-14-7-292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Blood loss during radical prostatectomy has been a long term issue. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the training level of the first assistant regarding blood loss in open retropubic radical prostatectomy at an educational hospital. Material and methods 364 patients underwent radical prostatectomy from 11/2006 to 10/2007 at one institution operated by one surgeon. In 319 patients all predefined parameters were obtained. Training level was determined by year of residency (1-5 yrs) or consultant status. Perioperative blood loss was calculated using three parameters: Hemoglobin level before and after surgery, postoperative sucker volume and weight of compresses. Furthermore the influence of prostatic size and BMI was analyzed. Results The Hb-decrease 24 h postoperatively was 2.4 g/dl median (-0.4-7.6 g/dl); sucker volume was 250 ml median (10-1500 ml); weight of compresses and swabs was 412 g median (0-972 g). One patient needed a transfusion with two erythrocyte concentrates one day after the surgery. There was no significant correlation regarding Hb-decrease (p = 0.86) or sucker volume plus weight of compresses (p = 0.59) in regard to the years of residency of the assisting physician. Also the number of assisted operations (n = < or > 20) had no significant influence on calculated blood loss (p = 0.38). Conclusions For an experienced surgeon the impact of the assistant regarding blood loss seems negligible. The training level of the assistant was not significantly correlated to a rise or decrease of perioperative blood loss. In our data radical prostatectomy could be safely performed at an educational hospital independent of the training level of the first assistant.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Karl
- Department of Urology, University of Munich-Campus Grosshadern, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany.
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Levinson AW, Ward NT, Sulman A, Mettee LZ, Link RE, Su LM, Pavlovich CP. The Impact of Prostate Size on Perioperative Outcomes in a Large Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy Series. J Endourol 2009; 23:147-52. [PMID: 19125654 DOI: 10.1089/end.2008.0366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Adam W Levinson
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA.
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Yuh B, Padalino J, Butt ZM, Tan W, Wilding GE, Kim HL, Mohler JL, Guru KA. Impact of tumour volume on surgical and pathological outcomes after robot-assisted radical cystectomy. BJU Int 2008; 102:840-3. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-410x.2008.07737.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Assessment of low prostate weight as a determinant of a higher positive margin rate after laparoscopic radical prostatectomy: a prospective pathologic study of 1,500 cases. Surg Endosc 2008; 23:1058-64. [DOI: 10.1007/s00464-008-0131-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2008] [Accepted: 08/08/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Link BA, Nelson R, Josephson DY, Yoshida JS, Crocitto LE, Kawachi MH, Wilson TG. The impact of prostate gland weight in robot assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. J Urol 2008; 180:928-32. [PMID: 18635217 DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2008.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We determined whether prostate weight has an impact on the pathological and operative outcomes of robot assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS We reviewed the records of 1,847 consecutive patients who underwent robot assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy at our institution. Variables were compared across quartile distributions of prostate size as defined by weight, including group 1-less than 30 gm, group 2-30 to 49.9, group 3-50 to 69.9 and group 4-70 or greater. Factors assessed in this analysis were patient age, body mass index, prostate specific antigen, Gleason score, pathological stage, margin status, operative time, blood loss, transfusion rate, length of stay and rehospitalization rate. RESULTS Patients with a larger prostate (group 4) were older (mean age 66.2 years), had higher pretreatment prostate specific antigen (median 6.5 ng/ml), lower Gleason score (mean 6.3), longer operative time (mean 3.2 hours), higher estimated blood loss (median 250 cc) and longer hospital stay (p = 0.0002). There was a trend toward higher risk disease based on D'Amico risk stratification and positive margin status in group 1, although evidence of extracapsular extension was more common in groups 2 and 3. There was no association between prostate size and body mass index, lymph node status, blood transfusion rate, seminal vesicle involvement and rehospitalization rate. CONCLUSIONS Robot assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy in patients with an enlarged prostate is feasible with slightly longer operative time, urinary leakage rates and hospital stay. Pathologically larger prostates are generally associated with lower Gleason score and risk group stratification. One-year continence rates and biochemical recurrence rates are similar across all groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian A Link
- Department of Urology, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA.
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Jenkins LC, Nogueira M, Wilding GE, Tan W, Kim HL, Mohler JL, Guru KA. Median Lobe in Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy: Evaluation and Management. Urology 2008; 71:810-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2007.12.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2007] [Revised: 12/10/2007] [Accepted: 12/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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