1
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Rodrigues RC, Andre C, Dantas Vanetti MC. Subinhibitory concentrations of nisin enhance virulence gene expression in Staphylococcus aureus and increase mortality in Galleria mellonella. Lett Appl Microbiol 2024; 77:ovae064. [PMID: 38970380 DOI: 10.1093/lambio/ovae064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Alternative strategies for controlling Staphylococcus aureus and other pathogens have been continuously investigated, with nisin, a bacteriocin widely used in the food industry as a biopreservative, gaining increasing attention. In addition to its antimicrobial properties, bacteriocins have significant effects on genome functionality even at inhibitory concentrations. This study investigated the impact of subinhibitory concentrations of nisin on S. aureus. Culturing in the presence of 0.625 μmol l-1 nisin, led to the increased relative expression of hla, saeR, and sarA, genes associated with virulence while expression of the sea gene, encoding staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA), decreased. In an in vivo experiment, Galleria mellonella larvae inoculated with S. aureus cultured in the presence of nisin exhibited 97% mortality at 72 h post-infection, compared to over 40% of larvae mortality in larvae infected with S. aureus. A comprehensive understanding of the effect of nisin on the transcriptional response of virulence genes and the impact of these changes on the virulence of S. aureus can contribute to assessing the application of this bacteriocin in food and medical contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramila Cristiane Rodrigues
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n - Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Cleriane Andre
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n - Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Maria Cristina Dantas Vanetti
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n - Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil
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2
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Wang J, Ma X, Li J, Shi L, Liu L, Hou X, Jiang S, Li P, Lv J, Han L, Cheng Y, Han B. The Synergistic Antimicrobial Effect and Mechanism of Nisin and Oxacillin against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076697. [PMID: 37047670 PMCID: PMC10094802 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is responsible for skin and soft tissue infections with multi-resistance to many antibiotics. It is thus imperative to explore alternative antimicrobial treatments to ensure future treatment options. Nisin (NIS), an antibacterial peptide produced by Lactococcus lactis, was selected to combine with Oxacillin (OX), to evaluate the antimicrobial effect and potential mechanism against MRSA. The synergistic antimicrobial effect of OX and NIS was verified by Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) assays, checkerboard analysis, time-kill curve, biofilm producing ability, and mice skin infection model in vivo. For the potential synergistic antimicrobial mechanism, the microstructure and integrity change of MRSA cells were determined by Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscope (SEM and TEM), intracellular alkaline phosphatase activity and propidium iodide staining were assayed; And transcription of mecA, main gene of MRSA resistant to OX, were detected by qRT-PCR. The results showed NIS could restore the sensitivity of MRSA to OX and inhibit biofilm production; OX + NIS can make MRSA cell deform; NIS may recover OX sensitivity by inhibiting the transcription of mecA. In vivo, mice skin infection models indicate that OX + NIS can substantially alleviate MRSA infections. As a safe commercially available biological compound, NIS and the combination of antibiotics are worth developing as new anti-MRSA biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
- Tongchuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tongchuan 727031, China
| | - Xinxin Ma
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Lu Shi
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Lijuan Liu
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Xinyao Hou
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Sijin Jiang
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Pu Li
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Jia Lv
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Lei Han
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yue Cheng
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Bei Han
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
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3
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Liu C, Shen Y, Yang M, Chi K, Guo N. Hazard of Staphylococcal Enterotoxins in Food and Promising Strategies for Natural Products against Virulence. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:2450-2465. [PMID: 35170308 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c06773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) secreted by Staphylococcus aureus frequently contaminate food and cause serious foodborne diseases but are ignored during food processing and even cold-chain storage. Notably, SEs are stable and resistant to harsh sterilization environments, which can induce more serious hazards to public health than the bacterium itself. Therefore, it is necessary to develop promising strategies to control SE contamination in food and improve food safety. Natural products not only have various pharmaceutical properties, such as antimicrobial and antitoxin activities, but they are also eco-friendly, safe, nutritive, and barely drug-resistant. Here, the hazards of SEs and the promising natural compounds with different inhibitory mechanisms are summarized and classified. The key points of future research and applications for natural products against bacterial toxin contamination in food are also prospected. Overall, this review may provide enlightening insights for screening effective natural compounds to prevent foodborne diseases caused by bacterial toxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, Jilin 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Shen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, Jilin 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, Jilin 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Kunmei Chi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, Jilin 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, Jilin 130062, People's Republic of China
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4
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Hematizad I, Khanjari A, Basti AA, Karabagias IK, Noori N, Ghadami F, Gholami F, Teimourifard R. In vitro antibacterial activity of gelatin-nanochitosan films incorporated with Zataria multiflora Boiss essential oil and its influence on microbial, chemical, and sensorial properties of chicken breast meat during refrigerated storage. Food Packag Shelf Life 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fpsl.2021.100751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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5
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Ju J, Xie Y, Yu H, Guo Y, Cheng Y, Qian H, Yao W. Synergistic interactions of plant essential oils with antimicrobial agents: a new antimicrobial therapy. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 62:1740-1751. [PMID: 33207954 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1846494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The problem of drug resistance of food borne pathogens is becoming more and more serious. Although traditional antimicrobial agents have good therapeutic effects on a variety of food borne pathogens, more effective antimicrobial agents are still needed to combat the development of drug-resistant food borne pathogens. Plant-based natural essential oils (EOs) are widely used because of their remarkable antimicrobial activity. A potential strategy to address food borne pathogens drug resistance is to use a combination of EOs and antimicrobial agents. Because EOs have multi-target inhibitory effects on microorganisms, combining them with drugs can enhance the activity of the drugs and avoid the emergence of food borne pathogens drug resistance. This paper introduces the main factors affecting the antibacterial activity of EOs and describes methods for evaluating their synergistic antibacterial effects. The possible mechanisms of action of EOs and the synergistic inhibitory effects on pathogens of EOs in combination with antimicrobial agents is described. In summary, the combined use of EOs and existing antimicrobial agents is a promising potential new antibacterial therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ju
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunfei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yahui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuliang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - He Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weirong Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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6
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Yolmeh M, Khomeiri M, Ghaemi E. High-efficiency anti-enterotoxigenic activity of Lactobacillus on staphylococcal enterotoxins biosynthesis. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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7
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Khorshidian N, Yousefi M, Khanniri E, Mortazavian AM. Potential application of essential oils as antimicrobial preservatives in cheese. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2017.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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8
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Safarpoor Dehkordi F, Gandomi H, Basti AA, Misaghi A, Rahimi E. Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of antibiotic resistance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from hospital food. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2017; 6:104. [PMID: 29034091 PMCID: PMC5628482 DOI: 10.1186/s13756-017-0257-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pathogenic biotypes of the Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains are considered to be one of the major cause of food-borne diseases in hospitals. The present investigation was done to study the pattern of antibiotic resistance and prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes of different biotypes of the MRSA strains isolated from various types of hospital food samples. METHODS Four-hundred and eighty-five raw and cooked hospital food samples were cultured and MRSA strains were identified using the oxacillin and cefoxitin disk diffusion tests and mecA-based PCR amplification. Isolated strains were subjected to biotyping and their antibiotic resistance patterns were analyzed using the disk diffusion and PCR methods. RESULTS Prevalence of S. aureus and MRSA were 9.69 and 7.62%, respectively. Meat and chicken barbecues had the highest prevalence of MRSA. Prevalence of bovine, ovine, poultry and human-based biotypes in the MRSA strains were 8.10, 8.10, 32.43 and 48.64%, respectively. All of the MRSA strains recovered from soup, salad and rice samples were related to human-based biotypes. MRSA strains harbored the highest prevalence of resistance against penicillin (100%), ceftaroline (100%), tetracycline (100%), erythromycin (89.18%) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (83.78%). TetK (72.97%), ermA (72.97%), msrA (64.86%) and aacA-D (62.16%) were the most commonly detected antibiotic resistance genes. CONCLUSIONS Pattern of antibiotic resistance and also distribution of antibiotic resistance genes were related to the biotype of MRSA strains. Presence of multi-drug resistance and also simultaneous presence of several antibiotic resistance genes in some MRSA isolates showed an important public health issue Further researches are required to found additional epidemiological aspects of the MRSA strains in hospital food samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Safarpoor Dehkordi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hasan Gandomi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afshin Akhondzadeh Basti
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Misaghi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Rahimi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
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9
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Shavisi N, Khanjari A, Basti AA, Misaghi A, Shahbazi Y. Effect of PLA films containing propolis ethanolic extract, cellulose nanoparticle and Ziziphora clinopodioides essential oil on chemical, microbial and sensory properties of minced beef. Meat Sci 2016; 124:95-104. [PMID: 27846444 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2016.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to examine the effects of polylactic acid (PLA) film containing propolis ethanolic extract (PE), cellulose nanoparticle (CN) and Ziziphora clinopodioides essential oil (ZEO) on chemical, microbial and sensory properties of minced beef during storage at refrigerated temperature for 11days. The initial total volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N) was 8.2mg/100g and after 7days reached to 29.1mg/100g in control, while it was lower than 25mg/100g for treated samples. At the end of storage time in control samples peroxide value (PV) reached to 2.01meqperoxide/1000g lipid, while the values for the treated samples remained lower than 2meqperoxide/1000g lipid. Final microbial population decreased approximately 1-3logCFU/g in treated samples compared to control (P<0.05). Films containing 2% ZEO alone and in combination with different concentrations of PE and CN extended the shelf life of minced beef during storage in refrigerated condition for at least 11days without any unfavorable organoleptic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nassim Shavisi
- Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Khanjari
- Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ali Misaghi
- Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yasser Shahbazi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
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10
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Shahbazi Y, Shavisi N, Mohebi E. Potential Application of Ziziphora Clinopodioides
Essential Oil and Nisin as Natural Preservatives Against Bacillus Cereus
and Escherichia Coli
O157: H7 in Commercial Barley Soup. J Food Saf 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasser Shahbazi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Razi University; Kermanshah Iran
| | - Nassim Shavisi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; University of Tehran; Tehran Iran
| | - Ehsan Mohebi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Razi University; Kermanshah Iran
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11
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Babaee N, Baradaran M, Mohamadi H, Nooribayat S. Therapeutic effects of Zataria Multiflora essential oil on recurrent oral aphthous lesion. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2015; 12:456-60. [PMID: 26604960 PMCID: PMC4630710 DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.166218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aphthous lesions are one of the most common diseases of the oral cavity. They can cause severe pain, and there is no definite treatment. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of Zataria multiflora (ZM, a thyme-like plant) essential oil for the control and treatment of aphthous lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS This Triple blind clinical trial study was performed on 28 patients who were divided into two groups (eight men and six women in each group) and given ZM or placebo (control). The healing time, pain intensity, and aphthous zone diameter were recorded for each patient and followed for 6-month. Data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney and Friedman tests (P < 0.05). RESULTS After 6-month of follow-up, 4 patients in the placebo group and 6 patients in the ZM group suffered from recurrent aphthous lesions. The average complete healing time and duration of burning sensation were significantly lower in the ZM group (P < 0.05). Significant difference was observed between the two groups with regard to the diameter of lesions and halo of the lesions (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Within the limitations of this study, ZM shortened the healing period compared to placebo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Babaee
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Baradaran
- Department of Pharmacology, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Hossein Mohamadi
- Department of General dentist, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Nooribayat
- Department of Peridontics/Member of Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
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12
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Upadhyay A, Mooyottu S, Yin H, Nair MS, Bhattaram V, Venkitanarayanan K. Inhibiting Microbial Toxins Using Plant-Derived Compounds and Plant Extracts. MEDICINES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2015; 2:186-211. [PMID: 28930207 PMCID: PMC5456214 DOI: 10.3390/medicines2030186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Revised: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Many pathogenic bacteria and fungi produce potentially lethal toxins that cause cytotoxicity or impaired cellular function either at the site of colonization or other locations in the body through receptor-mediated interactions. Various factors, including biotic and abiotic environments, competing microbes, and chemical cues affect toxin expression in these pathogens. Recent work suggests that several natural compounds can modulate toxin production in pathogenic microbes. However, studies explaining the mechanistic basis for their effect are scanty. This review discusses the potential of various plant-derived compounds for reducing toxin production in foodborne and other microbes. In addition, studies highlighting their anti-toxigenic mechanism(s) are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav Upadhyay
- Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
| | - Shankumar Mooyottu
- Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
| | - Hsinbai Yin
- Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
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13
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Parsaeimehr M, Akhondzadeh Basti A, Misaghi A, Gandomi H, Jebellijavan A. The Effect of Z
ataria multiflora
Boiss. Essential Oil on Gene Expression of Enterotoxin C in S
taphylococcus aureus
ATCC 6538. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.12401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahnoosh Parsaeimehr
- Food Hygiene Department; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Semnan University; Semnan 35131-19111 Iran
| | | | - Ali Misaghi
- Food Hygiene Department; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; University of Tehran; Tehran Iran
| | - Hassan Gandomi
- Food Hygiene Department; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; University of Tehran; Tehran Iran
| | - Ashkan Jebellijavan
- Food Hygiene Department; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Semnan University; Semnan 35131-19111 Iran
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14
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Gavanji S, Mohammadi E, Larki B, Bakhtari A. Antimicrobial and cytotoxic evaluation of some herbal essential oils in comparison with common antibiotics in bioassay condition. Integr Med Res 2014; 3:142-152. [PMID: 28664090 PMCID: PMC5481736 DOI: 10.1016/j.imr.2014.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Revised: 06/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since ancient times, various infectious diseases have been treated using herbal drugs. Today, efforts regarding the discovery of the effectual components of plants possessing antimicrobial properties are advanced. Herbal essential oils are widely used for treatment of various diseases, and they play an important role in health care considerations. METHODS The antibacterial activity of Artemisia kermanensis, Lavandula officinalis, and Zataria multiflora Boiss essential oils against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PTCC 1310), and Klebsiella pneumonia (PTCC 1053) was evaluated using the disk diffusion method as well as determination of the minimal inhibitory concentration and minimal bactericidal concentration. The composition of the three essential oils was determined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Variable amounts of different components (such as oxygenated monoterpenes, thymol, carvacrol, and 1,8-cineol) were found in all three oils. Among the tested bacteria, S. aureus was the most sensitive to the three essential oils. RESULTS The obtained results showed that each of the three essential oils has an inhibitory effect on pathogenic strains. Of these three oils, Z. multiflora Boiss essential oil showed the highest inhibitory effect on microbial strains. Furthermore, comparison of the antibacterial effects of these three essential oils with ampicillin and tetracycline revealed that these antibiotics have a better effect in controlling pathogenic strains. CONCLUSION The essential oils used in the present study with different components showed antibacterial activity (especially Z. multiflora Boiss essential oil), and therefore they can be used as a new antibacterial substance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahin Gavanji
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Khorasgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khorasgan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Elmira Mohammadi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technologies, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Behrouz Larki
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Khorasgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khorasgan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Azizollah Bakhtari
- Isfahan University of Technology, Department of Animal Science, Isfahan, Iran
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15
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Seow YX, Yeo CR, Chung HL, Yuk HG. Plant essential oils as active antimicrobial agents. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2014; 54:625-44. [PMID: 24261536 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2011.599504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Essential oils derived from plants have been recognized for decades to exhibit biological activities, including antioxidant, anticancer, and antimicrobial attributes. Antimicrobial activities of these natural plant materials have been intensively explored in recent years, mainly in response to the overwhelming concern of consumers over the safety of synthetic food additives. Gram-negative organisms are believed to be slightly less sensitive to essential oils than Gram-positive bacteria. Generally, a higher concentration is required to obtain the same efficacy in foods than in synthetic media. The combinations of different types of essential oils or with other food additives have been found to potentially exhibit synergistic if not additive effects. This suggests a cost-efficient and wholesome alternative to both food industry and consumers, at the same time adhering to the hurdle technology in inhibiting proliferation of foodborne pathogens. This review aims to examine the conventional methods commonly used for assessment of antimicrobial activities of essential oils and phytochemicals, the use of these substances as antimicrobials in food products, factors that affect their efficacy, synergism between components or with available food preservatives as well as the challenges and future directions of using essential oils and phytochemicals as natural food preservatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xin Seow
- a Food Science & Technology Programme, Department of Chemistry , National University of Singapore, Block S3 Level 6, Science Drive 3 , Singapore , 117543
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16
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Pimentel-Filho NDJ, Mantovani HC, de Carvalho AF, Dias RS, Vanetti MCD. Efficacy of bovicin HC5 and nisin combination againstListeria monocytogenesandStaphylococcus aureusin fresh cheese. Int J Food Sci Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.12316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hilário C. Mantovani
- Departamento de Microbiologia; Universidade Federal de Viçosa; Viçosa Minas Gerais 36570-000 Brazil
| | - Antônio F. de Carvalho
- Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos; Universidade Federal de Viçosa; Viçosa Minas Gerais 36570-000 Brazil
| | - Ricardo S. Dias
- Laboratorio de Enterotoxinas Estafilococicas; Fundacão Ezequiel Dias; Rua Pereira Carneiro 80 Gameleira Belo Horizonte - Minas Gerais 30510-010 Brazil
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17
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Effects of Zataria multiflora Boiss. essential oil on growth and gene expression of enterotoxins A, C and E in Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213. Int J Food Microbiol 2013; 163:159-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2013.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Revised: 02/22/2013] [Accepted: 02/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Sajed H, Sahebkar A, Iranshahi M. Zataria multiflora Boiss. (Shirazi thyme)--an ancient condiment with modern pharmaceutical uses. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 145:686-98. [PMID: 23266333 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2012] [Revised: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 12/12/2012] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Zataria multiflora Boiss. (ZM) is a thyme-like plant belonging to the Lamiaceae family that grows wild only in Iran, Pakistan and Afghanistan. This plant with the vernacular name of Avishan-e-Shirazi (Shirazi thyme) in Iran is a valuable medicinal and condimental plant. It has several traditional uses as an antiseptic, carminative, stimulant, diaphoretic, diuretic, anesthetic, anti-spasmodic and analgesic. AIM OF THE STUDY This paper reviews the ethnopharmacology, pharmacology, toxicology, modern pharmaceutical uses and phytochemistry of Zataria multiflora, and highlights the gaps in our knowledge deserving further research. MATERIALS AND METHODS All relevant databases were searched for the terms "Zataria", "Zataria multiflora", "Shirazi thyme" and "Iranian thyme" without limitation up to 24th October 2012. Information on Zataria multiflora was collected via electronic search using Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science and SID (for articles in Persian language), and local books on ethnopharmacology. RESULTS ZM has played an important role in Iranian traditional medicine. In light of the modern pharmacological and clinical investigations, ZM is a valuable medicinal and condimental plant that has anti-microbial, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, spasmolytic and anti-nociceptive properties. The oil of ZM contains high percentages of oxygenated monoterpenes, in particular thymol and carvacrol, and exhibits excellent anti-microbial properties. CONCLUSIONS Overall, antimicrobial property appears to be the most interesting studied biological effect of ZM. The lack of a comprehensive phytochemical analysis of ZM is an important limitation that can be noted regarding most of the previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Sajed
- Biotechnology Research Center and School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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EHSANI ALI, MAHMOUDI RAZZAQH. Effects ofMentha longifoliaL. essential oil andLactobacillus caseion the organoleptic properties and on the growth ofStaphylococcus aureusandListeria monocytogenesduring manufacturing, ripening and storage of Iranian white-brined cheese. INT J DAIRY TECHNOL 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0307.2012.00865.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Friedman M, Rasooly R, Do PM, Henika PR. The olive compound 4-hydroxytyrosol inactivates Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and Staphylococcal Enterotoxin A (SEA). J Food Sci 2012; 76:M558-63. [PMID: 22417596 DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2011.02365.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The foodborne pathogen Staphylococcus aureus produces the virulent staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA), a single chain protein which consists of 233 amino acid residues with a molecular weight of 27078 Da. SEA is a superantigen that is reported to contribute to animal (mastitis) and human (emesis, diarrhea, atopic dermatitis, arthritis, and toxic shock) syndromes. Changes in the native structural integrity may inactivate the toxin by preventing molecular interaction with cell membrane receptor sites of their host cells. In the present study, we evaluated the ability of the pure olive compound 4-hydroxytyrosol and a commercial olive powder called Hidrox-12, prepared by freeze-drying olive juice, to inhibit S. aureus bacteria and SEA's biological activity. Dilutions of both test substances inactivated the pathogens. Two independent cell assays (BrdU incorporation into newly synthesized DNA and glycyl-phenylalanyl-aminofluorocoumarin proteolysis) demonstrated that the olive compound 4-hydroxytyrosol also inactivated the biological activity of SEA at concentrations that were not toxic to the spleen cells. However, efforts to determine inhibition of the toxin by Hidrox-12 were not successful because the olive powder was cytotoxic to the spleen cells at concentrations found to be effective against the bacteria. The results suggest that food-compatible and safe antitoxin olive compounds can be used to inactivate both pathogens and toxins produced by the pathogens. Practical Application: The results of this study suggest that food-compatible and safe antitoxin olive compounds can be used to reduce both pathogens and toxins produced by the pathogens in foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mendel Friedman
- Produce Safety and Microbiology Research Unit, Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA.
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SADEGHI EHSAN, AKHONDZADEH BASTI AFSHIN, NOORI NEGIN, KHANJARI ALI, PARTOVI RAZIEH. EFFECT OF CUMINUM CYMINUM
L. ESSENTIAL OIL AND LACTOBACILLUS ACIDOPHILUS
(A PROBIOTIC) ON STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS
DURING THE MANUFACTURE, RIPENING AND STORAGE OF WHITE BRINED CHEESE. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4549.2011.00664.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Zomorodian K, Saharkhiz MJ, Rahimi MJ, Bandegi A, Shekarkhar G, Bandegani A, Pakshir K, Bazargani A. Chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of the essential oils from three ecotypes of Zataria multiflora. Pharmacogn Mag 2011; 7:53-9. [PMID: 21472080 PMCID: PMC3065158 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.75902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2010] [Revised: 12/08/2010] [Accepted: 01/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Zataria multiflora Boiss. is a traditional and popular spice in Iran. The effects of 3 ecotypes (ECTPs) of Z. multiflora essential oils (EOs) against most common causes of food-borne and nosocomial infections were evaluated. Materials and Methods: The antimicrobial activities of the EOs were examined by broth microdilution method as recommended by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). The chemical compositions of the EOs from 3 ECTPs of Z. multiflora have been analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Results: Analysis of the EOs indicated that 3 chemotypes were present in Z. multiflora, including carvacrol, thymol-carvacrol, and linalool, whereas previous studies have only found carvacrol and thymol. Inhibition studies showed that the tested EOs entirely inhibited the growth of yeasts at concentrations of less than 1 μL/mL. Moreover, the oils exhibited significant bacteriostatic and bactericidal activities against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria at concentrations ranging from 0.12 to 8 μL/mL. Conclusion: These results suggest that the EOs from Z. multiflora should be investigated further for possible use in antimicrobial products and food preservatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Zomorodian
- Center of Basic Researches in Infectious Diseases, Shiraz, Iran
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