1
|
Ren Z, Han J, Zhang X, Yan Z, Wei Q. Effective of different industrial disinfection in subzero cold-chain environment. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12651. [PMID: 38825618 PMCID: PMC11144690 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62204-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Effective disinfection methods are crucial in the cold chain transportation process of food due to the specificity of temperature and the diversity of contaminated flora. The objective of this study was to investigate the sanitizing effect of different disinfectants on various fungi at - 20 °C to achieve accurate disinfection of diverse bacterial populations. Peracetic acid, hydrogen peroxide, and potassium bisulfate were selected as low-temperature disinfectants and were combined with antifreeze. The sanitizing effect of these cryogenic disinfectants on pathogens such as Bacillus subtilis black variant spores (ATCC9372), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538), Candida albicans (ATCC 10231), Escherichia coli (8099), and poliovirus (PV-1) was sequentially verified by bactericidal and virus inactivation experiments. After a specified time of disinfection, a neutralizing agent was used to halt the sanitizing process. The study demonstrates that different disinfectants exhibit selective effects during the low-temperature disinfection process. Peracetic acid, hydrogen peroxide, and potassium monopersulfate are suitable for the low-temperature environmental disinfection of bacterial propagules, viruses, and fungal contaminants. However, for microorganisms with strong resistance to spores, a low-temperature disinfectant based on peracetic acid should be chosen for effective disinfection treatment. Our results provide a valuable reference for selecting appropriate disinfectants to sanitize various potential pathogens in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Ren
- The Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Han
- The Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- The Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Yan
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - QiuHua Wei
- The Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tlak Gajger I, Tomljanović Z, Mutinelli F, Granato A, Vlainić J. Effects of Disinfectants on Bacterium Paenibacillus larvae in Laboratory Conditions. INSECTS 2024; 15:268. [PMID: 38667398 PMCID: PMC11050086 DOI: 10.3390/insects15040268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
American foulbrood is an infectious disease of the honeybee brood that causes multiple types of damage to beekeeping. The causative agent of the disease is the bacterium Paenibacillus larvae, which forms resistant infective spores and is viable for decades. After the eradication measures have been implemented, in cases of clinically visible disease, it is necessary to conduct effective final disinfections of equipment and tools. This study aimed to determine the effect of ten commercially available and commonly used disinfectants on certified strains of P. larvae under laboratory conditions, as well as to compare the obtained results among individual genotypes of P. larvae. Selected products were tested by determining the zone of inhibition using an agar diffusion test, a suspension test for viable bacteria, a surface disinfectant test, and a sporicidal effect in the suspension test. Incidin OxyFoam S and Sekusept Aktiv are both effective against all examined genotypes of P. larvae. Despadac and Despadac Secure have a bactericidal effect, but their sporocidal effect is not as satisfactory as that of Genox. Genoll does not exhibit a sporicidal effect, and Ecocide S at 1%, Bee protect H forte, and Bee protect F did not exhibit a satisfactory sporocidal effect. Additionally, EM® PROBIOTIC FOR BEES did not exhibit any bactericidal effect. The effective application of control measures and proper application of final disinfection can reduce the reoccurrence of visible clinical signs of disease, whereas methods of early diagnosis can significantly reduce the incidence of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Tlak Gajger
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zlatko Tomljanović
- Ministry of Agriculture, Ulica Grada Vukovara 78, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Franco Mutinelli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell’Università, 10, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (F.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Anna Granato
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell’Università, 10, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (F.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Josipa Vlainić
- Institute Ruđer Bošković, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sanz-Puig M, Arana-Lozano A, Pina-Pérez MC, Fernández P, Martínez A, Rodrigo D. Occurrence of Salmonella typhimurium resistance under sublethal/repeated exposure to cauliflower infusion and infection effects on Caernohabditis elegans host test organism. FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2019; 26:151-159. [PMID: 31544526 DOI: 10.1177/1082013219873500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Resistant bacteria to antimicrobials are increasingly emerging in medical, food industry and livestock environments. The present research work assesses the capability of Salmonella enterica var Typhimurium to become adapted under the exposure to a natural cauliflower antimicrobial by-product infusion in consecutive repeated exposure cycles. Caenorhabditis elegans was proposed as in vivo host-test organism to compare possible changes in the virulent pattern of the different rounds treated S. enterica var Typhimurium and untreated bacterial cells. According to the obtained results, S. enterica var Typhimurium was able to generate resistance against a repeated exposure to cauliflower by-product infusion 5% (w/v), increasing the resistance with the number of exposed repetitions. Meanwhile, at the first exposure, cauliflower by-product infusion was effective in reducing S. enterica var Typhimurium (≈1 log10 cycle), and S. enterica var Typhimurium became resistant to this natural antimicrobial after the second and third treatment-round and was able to grow (≈1 log10 cycle). In spite of the increased resistance observed for repeatedly treated bacteria, the present study reveals no changes on C. elegans infection effects between resistant and untreated S. enterica var Typhimurium, according to phenotypic parameters evaluation (lifespan duration and egg-laying).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Sanz-Puig
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IATA-CSIC), València, Spain
| | - Alejandra Arana-Lozano
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IATA-CSIC), València, Spain
| | | | - Pablo Fernández
- Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Murcia, Spain
| | - Antonio Martínez
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IATA-CSIC), València, Spain
| | - Dolores Rodrigo
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IATA-CSIC), València, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lemmer K, Pauli G, Howaldt S, Schwebke I, Mielke M, Grunow R. Decontamination of Personal Protective Equipment. Health Secur 2019; 17:200-212. [PMID: 31173501 DOI: 10.1089/hs.2019.0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Exploratory field analyses of the inactivation capacity of disinfectants on contaminated personal protective equipment (PPE) are required to select a suitable surrogate for biohazardous agents like spores of Bacillus anthracis. The objectives of our study were (1) the determination of an appropriate surrogate for the inactivation of spores of B. anthracis with peracetic acid (PAA), and (2) application of optimized inactivation conditions for an effective decontamination of PPE with PAA under field conditions. For inactivation studies, B. anthracis spores from different strains and B. thuringiensis spores were fixed by air drying on carriers prepared from PPE fabric. Time and concentration studies with PAA-based disinfectants revealed that the spores of the B. thuringiensis strain DSM 350 showed an inactivation profile comparable to that of the spores of the B. anthracis strain with the highest stability, implying that B. thuringiensis can serve as an appropriate surrogate. Rapid (3 to 5 minutes) and effective surface decontamination was achieved with 2% PAA/0.2% surfactant. In field studies, PPE contaminated with spores of B. thuringiensis was treated with the disinfectant. Optimizing the decontamination technique revealed that spraying in combination with brushing was effective within 5 minutes of exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karin Lemmer
- Dr. Karin Lemmer is a scientist in the Unit Highly Pathogenic Microorganisms, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens; Professor Georg Pauli is the former Head of the Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens; Sabine Howaldt is a medical technical assistant in the Unit Highly Pathogenic Microorganisms, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens; Dr. Ingeborg Schwebke is Deputy Head of the Unit Hospital Hygiene, Infection Prevention and Control, Department of Infectious Diseases; Professor Martin Mielke is Head of the Department of Infectious Diseases; and Professor Roland Grunow is Head of the Unit Highly Pathogenic Microorganisms, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens; all at the Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg Pauli
- Dr. Karin Lemmer is a scientist in the Unit Highly Pathogenic Microorganisms, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens; Professor Georg Pauli is the former Head of the Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens; Sabine Howaldt is a medical technical assistant in the Unit Highly Pathogenic Microorganisms, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens; Dr. Ingeborg Schwebke is Deputy Head of the Unit Hospital Hygiene, Infection Prevention and Control, Department of Infectious Diseases; Professor Martin Mielke is Head of the Department of Infectious Diseases; and Professor Roland Grunow is Head of the Unit Highly Pathogenic Microorganisms, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens; all at the Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sabine Howaldt
- Dr. Karin Lemmer is a scientist in the Unit Highly Pathogenic Microorganisms, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens; Professor Georg Pauli is the former Head of the Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens; Sabine Howaldt is a medical technical assistant in the Unit Highly Pathogenic Microorganisms, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens; Dr. Ingeborg Schwebke is Deputy Head of the Unit Hospital Hygiene, Infection Prevention and Control, Department of Infectious Diseases; Professor Martin Mielke is Head of the Department of Infectious Diseases; and Professor Roland Grunow is Head of the Unit Highly Pathogenic Microorganisms, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens; all at the Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ingeborg Schwebke
- Dr. Karin Lemmer is a scientist in the Unit Highly Pathogenic Microorganisms, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens; Professor Georg Pauli is the former Head of the Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens; Sabine Howaldt is a medical technical assistant in the Unit Highly Pathogenic Microorganisms, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens; Dr. Ingeborg Schwebke is Deputy Head of the Unit Hospital Hygiene, Infection Prevention and Control, Department of Infectious Diseases; Professor Martin Mielke is Head of the Department of Infectious Diseases; and Professor Roland Grunow is Head of the Unit Highly Pathogenic Microorganisms, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens; all at the Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Mielke
- Dr. Karin Lemmer is a scientist in the Unit Highly Pathogenic Microorganisms, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens; Professor Georg Pauli is the former Head of the Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens; Sabine Howaldt is a medical technical assistant in the Unit Highly Pathogenic Microorganisms, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens; Dr. Ingeborg Schwebke is Deputy Head of the Unit Hospital Hygiene, Infection Prevention and Control, Department of Infectious Diseases; Professor Martin Mielke is Head of the Department of Infectious Diseases; and Professor Roland Grunow is Head of the Unit Highly Pathogenic Microorganisms, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens; all at the Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Roland Grunow
- Dr. Karin Lemmer is a scientist in the Unit Highly Pathogenic Microorganisms, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens; Professor Georg Pauli is the former Head of the Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens; Sabine Howaldt is a medical technical assistant in the Unit Highly Pathogenic Microorganisms, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens; Dr. Ingeborg Schwebke is Deputy Head of the Unit Hospital Hygiene, Infection Prevention and Control, Department of Infectious Diseases; Professor Martin Mielke is Head of the Department of Infectious Diseases; and Professor Roland Grunow is Head of the Unit Highly Pathogenic Microorganisms, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens; all at the Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang C, Xia X, Li B, Hung YC. Disinfection efficacy of electrolyzed oxidizing water on brown rice soaking and germination. Food Control 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2018.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
6
|
Lemmer K, Howaldt S, Heinrich R, Roder A, Pauli G, Dorner B, Pauly D, Mielke M, Schwebke I, Grunow R. Test methods for estimating the efficacy of the fast-acting disinfectant peracetic acid on surfaces of personal protective equipment. J Appl Microbiol 2017; 123:1168-1183. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.13575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Lemmer
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens; Robert Koch Institute; Berlin Germany
| | - S. Howaldt
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens; Robert Koch Institute; Berlin Germany
| | - R. Heinrich
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens; Robert Koch Institute; Berlin Germany
| | - A. Roder
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens; Robert Koch Institute; Berlin Germany
| | - G. Pauli
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens; Robert Koch Institute; Berlin Germany
| | - B.G. Dorner
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens; Robert Koch Institute; Berlin Germany
| | - D. Pauly
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens; Robert Koch Institute; Berlin Germany
| | - M. Mielke
- Applied Infection Control and Hospital Hygiene; Robert Koch Institute; Berlin Germany
| | - I. Schwebke
- Applied Infection Control and Hospital Hygiene; Robert Koch Institute; Berlin Germany
| | - R. Grunow
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens; Robert Koch Institute; Berlin Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Candeliere A, Campese E, Donatiello A, Pagano S, Iatarola M, Tolve F, Antonino L, Fasanella A. Biocidal and Sporicidal Efficacy of Pathoster(®) 0.35% and Pathoster(®) 0.50% Against Bacterial Agents in Potential Bioterrorism Use. Health Secur 2017; 14:250-7. [PMID: 27482880 PMCID: PMC4976230 DOI: 10.1089/hs.2016.0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of products that can neutralize or significantly reduce the microbial load and that are not harmful to human health and the environment represents a milestone in the fight against the spread of infectious diseases. Peracetic acid, besides being an excellent sterilizing and sporicidal agent, is harmless to humans and the environment when it is used in a common dosage. However, the high costs and loss of efficacy of the product very quickly after its reconstitution limit its use. We evaluated the efficacy and stability of 2 commercial products, based on stabilized peracetic acid (Pathoster® 0.35% and Pathoster® 0.50%) used against spores of Bacillus anthracis and spores of Bacillus cereus and vegetative forms of Yersinia pestis, Burkholderia mallei, Burkholderia pseudomallei, Francisella tularensis, Brucella abortus, and Brucella melitensis. The efficacy tests were based on the direct contact of the products with a standard suspension of the bacteria. The stability of the products was defined as the period of time during which the biocidal and sporicidal properties remained unchanged. The limit of effectiveness was the period after which the product was unable to exert a complete sterilization after a contact of 5 minutes with at least 1 of the 8 bacteria used in this work. Both formulations showed good efficacy against the microorganisms used in the study, confirming the utility of peracetic acid as a sterilizing product. After the reconstitution, Pathoster® 0.35% was stable until 16±1 days, while Pathoster® 0.50% was stable until 24±1 days. The formulations used in this study showed good performance and a significant stability of peracetic acid. Peracetic acid, besides being an excellent sterilizing and sporicidal agent, is harmless to humans and the environment when it is used in a common dosage. However, the high costs and loss of efficacy of the product very quickly after its reconstitution limit its use. The authors evaluated the efficacy and stability of 2 commercial products used against spores of Bacillus anthracis and spores of Bacillus cereus and vegetative forms of Yersinia pestis, Burkholderia mallei, Burkholderia pseudomallei, Francisella tularensis, Brucella abortus, and Brucella melitensis. Both formulations showed good efficacy against the microorganisms used in the study, confirming the utility of peracetic acid as a sterilizing product.
Collapse
|
8
|
Moor K, Wotzka SY, Toska A, Diard M, Hapfelmeier S, Slack E. Peracetic Acid Treatment Generates Potent Inactivated Oral Vaccines from a Broad Range of Culturable Bacterial Species. Front Immunol 2016; 7:34. [PMID: 26904024 PMCID: PMC4749699 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Our mucosal surfaces are the main sites of non-vector-borne pathogen entry, as well as the main interface with our commensal microbiota. We are still only beginning to understand how mucosal adaptive immunity interacts with commensal and pathogenic microbes to influence factors such as infectivity, phenotypic diversity, and within-host evolution. This is in part due to difficulties in generating specific mucosal adaptive immune responses without disrupting the mucosal microbial ecosystem itself. Here, we present a very simple tool to generate inactivated mucosal vaccines from a broad range of culturable bacteria. Oral gavage of 1010 peracetic acid-inactivated bacteria induces high-titer-specific intestinal IgA in the absence of any measurable inflammation or species invasion. As a proof of principle, we demonstrate that this technique is sufficient to provide fully protective immunity in the murine model of invasive non-typhoidal Salmonellosis, even in the face of severe innate immune deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Moor
- Institute for Microbiology, ETH Zürich , Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Sandra Y Wotzka
- Institute for Microbiology, ETH Zürich , Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Albulena Toska
- Institute for Microbiology, ETH Zürich , Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Médéric Diard
- Institute for Microbiology, ETH Zürich , Zürich , Switzerland
| | | | - Emma Slack
- Institute for Microbiology, ETH Zürich , Zürich , Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Eichner A, Gollmer A, Späth A, Bäumler W, Regensburger J, König B, Maisch T. Fast and effective inactivation of Bacillus atrophaeus endospores using light-activated derivatives of vitamin B2. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2015; 14:387-96. [PMID: 25423452 DOI: 10.1039/c4pp00285g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Highly resistant endospores may cause severe problems in medicine as well as in the food and packaging industries. We found that bacterial endospores can be inactivated quickly with reactive oxygen species (ROS) that were generated by a new generation of flavin photosensitizers. Flavins like the natural compound vitamin B2 are already known to produce ROS but they show a poor antimicrobial photodynamic killing efficacy due to the lack of positive charges. Therefore we synthesized new flavin photosensitizers that have one (FLASH-01a) or eight (FLASH-07a) positive charges and can hence attach to the negatively charged surface of endospores. In this study we used standardized Bacillus atrophaeus endospores (ATCC 9372) as a biological surrogate model for a proof-of-concept study of photodynamic inactivation experiments using FLASH-01a and FLASH-07a. After incubation of spores with different flavin concentrations, the flavin derivatives were excited with blue light at a light dose of 70 J cm(-2). The inactivation of spores was investigated either in suspension or after attachment to polyethylene terephthalate (PET) surfaces. Incubation of spores suspended in Millipore water with 4 mM FLASH-01a for 10 seconds and irradiation with blue light for 10 seconds caused a biologically relevant decrease of spore survival of 3.5 log10 orders. Using FLASH-07a under the same conditions we achieved a decrease of 4.4 log10 orders. Immobilized spores on PET surfaces were efficiently killed with 7.0 log10 orders using 8 mM FLASH-07a. The total treatment time (incubation + irradiation) was as short as 20 seconds. The results of this study show evidence that endospores can be fastly and effectively inactivated with new generations of flavin photosensitizers that may be useful for industrial or medical applications in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anja Eichner
- Department of Dermatology, Regensburg University Hospital, 93053 Regensburg, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Costa SADS, Paula OFPD, Silva CRGE, Leão MVP, Santos SSFD. Stability of antimicrobial activity of peracetic acid solutions used in the final disinfection process. Braz Oral Res 2015; 29:S1806-83242015000100239. [PMID: 25715037 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2015.vol29.0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The instruments and materials used in health establishments are frequently exposed to microorganism contamination, and chemical products are used before sterilization to reduce occupational infection. We evaluated the antimicrobial effectiveness, physical stability, and corrosiveness of two commercial formulations of peracetic acid on experimentally contaminated specimens. Stainless steel specimens were contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, blood, and saliva and then immersed in a ready peracetic acid solution: 2% Sekusept Aktiv (SA) or 0.25% Proxitane Alpha (PA), for different times. Then, washes of these instruments were plated in culture medium and colony-forming units counted. This procedure was repeated six times per day over 24 non-consecutive days. The corrosion capacity was assessed with the mass loss test, and the concentration of peracetic acid and pH of the solutions were measured with indicator tapes. Both SA and PA significantly eliminated microorganisms; however, the SA solution was stable for only 4 days, whereas PA remained stable throughout the experiment. The concentration of peracetic acid in the SA solutions decreased over time until the chemical was undetectable, although the pH remained at 5. The PA solution had a concentration of 500-400 mg/L and a pH of 2-3. Neither formulation induced corrosion and both reduced the number of microorganisms (p = 0.0001). However, the differences observed in the performance of each product highlight the necessity of establishing a protocol for optimizing the use of each one.
Collapse
|
11
|
Sudhaus N, Nagengast H, Pina-Pérez MC, Martínez A, Klein G. Effectiveness of a peracetic acid-based disinfectant against spores of Bacillus cereus under different environmental conditions. Food Control 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.09.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
12
|
Pina-Pérez MC, Rodrigo D, Martínez-López A. Antimicrobial potential of flavoring ingredients against Bacillus cereus in a milk-based beverage. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2013; 10:969-76. [PMID: 23909775 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2013.1560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural ingredients--cinnamon, cocoa, vanilla, and anise--were assessed based on Bacillus cereus vegetative cell growth inhibition in a mixed liquid whole egg and skim milk beverage (LWE-SM), under different conditions: ingredient concentration (1, 2.5, and 5% [wt/vol]) and incubation temperature (5, 10, and 22 °C). According to the results obtained, ingredients significantly (p<0.05) reduced bacterial growth when supplementing the LWE-SM beverage. B. cereus behavior was mathematically described for each substrate by means of a modified Gompertz equation. Kinetic parameters, lag time, and maximum specific growth rate were obtained. Cinnamon was the most bacteriostatic ingredient and cocoa the most bactericidal one when they were added at 5% (wt/vol) and beverages were incubated at 5 °C. The bactericidal effect of cocoa 5% (wt/vol) reduced final B. cereus log10 counts (log Nf, log10 (colony-forming units/mL)) by 4.10 ± 0.21 log10 cycles at 5 °C.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria C Pina-Pérez
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC) , Departamento de Conservación y Calidad de los Alimentos, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cinnamon antimicrobial effect against Salmonella typhimurium cells treated by pulsed electric fields (PEF) in pasteurized skim milk beverage. Food Res Int 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2012.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
|