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Huerta Lorenzo B, Galán-Relaño Á, Barba-Sánchez E, Romero-Salmoral A, Solarte Portilla AL, Gómez-Gascón L, Astorga Márquez RJ. Potentiation of the Antimicrobial Effect of Oxytetracycline Combined with Cinnamon, Clove, Oregano, and Red Thyme Essential Oils against MDR Salmonella enterica Strains. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1347. [PMID: 38731351 PMCID: PMC11083648 DOI: 10.3390/ani14091347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Tetracyclines have a high resistance percentage in Salmonella spp. of both human and animal origin. Essential oils, such as cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum), clove (Eugenia caryophyllata), oregano (Origanum vulgare), and red thyme (Thymus zygis), have shown bactericidal activity against this bacterium. However, in many cases, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) exceeds the cytotoxicity limits. The objective of this study was to assess the in vitro efficacy of combining oxytetracycline with essential these oils against field multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella enterica strains. The MIC of each product was determined using the broth microdilution method. The interaction was evaluated using the checkerboard method, by means of the fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICindex) determination. The results showed a positive interaction (synergy and additivity) between oxytetracycline and the four oils tested, resulting in a reduction in both products' MICs by 2 to 4 times their initial value, in the case of oils, and by 2 to 1024 times in the case of the antibiotic. The combination of oxytetracycline and cinnamon achieved the best results (FICindex 0.5), with a decrease in the antibiotic effective concentration to below the sensitivity threshold (MIC of the combined oxytetracycline 0.5 µg/mL). There was no antagonistic effect in any case, although differences in response were observed depending on the bacterial strain. The results of this study suggest that combining oxytetracycline with cinnamon oil could be an effective alternative for controlling tetracycline-resistant strains of Salmonella. However, its individual use should be further evaluated through in vitro susceptibility tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belén Huerta Lorenzo
- Animal Health Department, Veterinary Faculty, University of Cordoba, 14014 Cordoba, Spain; (B.H.L.); (E.B.-S.); (A.R.-S.); (A.L.S.P.); (L.G.-G.); (R.J.A.M.)
- Zoonotic and Emerging Diseases (ENZOEM), University of Cordoba, 14014 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Ángela Galán-Relaño
- Animal Health Department, Veterinary Faculty, University of Cordoba, 14014 Cordoba, Spain; (B.H.L.); (E.B.-S.); (A.R.-S.); (A.L.S.P.); (L.G.-G.); (R.J.A.M.)
- Zoonotic and Emerging Diseases (ENZOEM), University of Cordoba, 14014 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Emilio Barba-Sánchez
- Animal Health Department, Veterinary Faculty, University of Cordoba, 14014 Cordoba, Spain; (B.H.L.); (E.B.-S.); (A.R.-S.); (A.L.S.P.); (L.G.-G.); (R.J.A.M.)
| | - Antonio Romero-Salmoral
- Animal Health Department, Veterinary Faculty, University of Cordoba, 14014 Cordoba, Spain; (B.H.L.); (E.B.-S.); (A.R.-S.); (A.L.S.P.); (L.G.-G.); (R.J.A.M.)
- Zoonotic and Emerging Diseases (ENZOEM), University of Cordoba, 14014 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Ana L. Solarte Portilla
- Animal Health Department, Veterinary Faculty, University of Cordoba, 14014 Cordoba, Spain; (B.H.L.); (E.B.-S.); (A.R.-S.); (A.L.S.P.); (L.G.-G.); (R.J.A.M.)
- Mariana University, Calle 18 No. 34-104 Pasto (N), San Juan de Pasto 52001, Colombia
| | - Lidia Gómez-Gascón
- Animal Health Department, Veterinary Faculty, University of Cordoba, 14014 Cordoba, Spain; (B.H.L.); (E.B.-S.); (A.R.-S.); (A.L.S.P.); (L.G.-G.); (R.J.A.M.)
- Zoonotic and Emerging Diseases (ENZOEM), University of Cordoba, 14014 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Rafael J. Astorga Márquez
- Animal Health Department, Veterinary Faculty, University of Cordoba, 14014 Cordoba, Spain; (B.H.L.); (E.B.-S.); (A.R.-S.); (A.L.S.P.); (L.G.-G.); (R.J.A.M.)
- Zoonotic and Emerging Diseases (ENZOEM), University of Cordoba, 14014 Cordoba, Spain
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de Jesus GS, Silva Trentin D, Barros TF, Ferreira AMT, de Barros BC, de Oliveira Figueiredo P, Garcez FR, Dos Santos ÉL, Micheletti AC, Yoshida NC. Medicinal plant Miconia albicans synergizes with ampicillin and ciprofloxacin against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and Staphylococcus aureus. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:374. [PMID: 37872494 PMCID: PMC10594757 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04147-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the rising occurrence of antibiotic resistance due to the existence and ongoing development of resistant bacteria and phenotypes, the identification of new treatments and sources of antimicrobial agents is of utmost urgency. An important strategy for tackling bacterial resistance involves the utilization of drug combinations, and natural products derived from plants hold significant potential as a rich source of bioactive compounds that can act as effective adjuvants. This study, therefore, aimed to assess the antibacterial potential and the chemical composition of Miconia albicans, a Brazilian medicinal plant used to treat various diseases. METHODS Ethanolic extracts from leaves and stems of M. albicans were obtained and subsequently partitioned to give the corresponding hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and hydromethanolic phases. All extracts and phases had their chemical constitution investigated by HPLC-DAD-MS/MS and GC-MS and were assessed for their antibiofilm and antimicrobial efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus. Furthermore, their individual effects and synergistic potential in combination with antibiotics were examined against clinical strains of both S. aureus and Acinetobacter baumannii. In addition, 10 isolated compounds were obtained from the leaves phases and used for confirmation of the chemical profiles and for antibacterial assays. RESULTS Based on the chemical profile analysis, 32 compounds were successfully or tentatively identified, including gallic and ellagic acid derivatives, flavonol glycosides, triterpenes and pheophorbides. Extracts and phases obtained from the medicinal plant M. albicans demonstrated synergistic effects when combined with the commercial antibiotics ampicillin and ciprofloxacin, against multi-drug resistant bacteria S. aureus and A. baumannii, restoring their antibacterial efficacy. Extracts and phases also exhibited antibiofilm property against S. aureus. Three key compounds commonly found in the samples, namely gallic acid, quercitrin, and corosolic acid, did not exhibit significant antibacterial activity when assessed individually or in combination with antibiotics against clinical bacterial strains. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal that M. albicans exhibits remarkable adjuvant potential for enhancing the effectiveness of antimicrobial drugs against resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genilson Silva de Jesus
- Laboratório de Produtos Naturais Bioativos-PRONABio, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Danielle Silva Trentin
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia & Modelos Experimentais Alternativos (BACMEA), Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Thayná Fernandes Barros
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia & Modelos Experimentais Alternativos (BACMEA), Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Bruna Castro de Barros
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Patrícia de Oliveira Figueiredo
- Laboratório de Produtos Naturais Bioativos-PRONABio, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Rodrigues Garcez
- Laboratório de Produtos Naturais Bioativos-PRONABio, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Érica Luiz Dos Santos
- Laboratório de Produtos Naturais Bioativos-PRONABio, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Ana Camila Micheletti
- Laboratório de Produtos Naturais Bioativos-PRONABio, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil.
| | - Nidia Cristiane Yoshida
- Laboratório de Produtos Naturais Bioativos-PRONABio, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil.
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Raut R, Maharjan P, Fouladkhah AC. Practical Preventive Considerations for Reducing the Public Health Burden of Poultry-Related Salmonellosis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6654. [PMID: 37681794 PMCID: PMC10487474 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20176654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
With poultry products as one of the leading reservoirs for the pathogen, in a typical year in the United States, it is estimated that over one million individuals contract non-typhoidal Salmonella infections. Foodborne outbreaks associated with Salmonella infections in poultry, thus, continue to remain a significant risk to public health. Moreover, the further emergence of antimicrobial resistance among various serovars of Salmonella is an additional public health concern. Feeding-based strategies (such as use of prebiotics, probiotics, and/or phytobiotics as well as essential oils), non-feeding-based strategies (such as use of bacteriophages, vaccinations, and in ovo strategies), omics tools and surveillance for identifying antibiotic-resistance genes, post-harvest application of antimicrobials, and biosecurity measures at poultry facilities are practical interventions that could reduce the public health burden of salmonellosis and antibiotic resistance associated with poultry products. With the escalating consumption of poultry products around the globe, the fate, prevalence, and transmission of Salmonella in agricultural settings and various poultry-processing facilities are major public health challenges demanding integrated control measures throughout the food chain. Implementation of practical preventive measures discussed in the current study could appreciably reduce the public health burden of foodborne salmonellosis associated with poultry products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabin Raut
- Cooperative Extension Program, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA;
- Public Health Microbiology Laboratory, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA
| | - Pramir Maharjan
- Cooperative Extension Program, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA;
| | - Aliyar Cyrus Fouladkhah
- Public Health Microbiology Laboratory, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA
- Public Health Microbiology FoundationSM, Nashville, TN 37209, USA
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Coimbra A, Ferreira S, Duarte AP. Biological properties of Thymus zygis essential oil with emphasis on antimicrobial activity and food application. Food Chem 2022; 393:133370. [PMID: 35667177 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The Thymus plants have been used for centuries in traditional medicine and as a food spice, among this genus, Thymus zygis (red thyme) is a widespread plant, vastly used as a culinary flavouring agent. Its essential oil has demonstrated diverse bioactive properties, such as antimicrobial, insecticidal, larvicidal and antiparasitic activities. Numerous studies have characterized this essential oil showing that it possesses a broad antimicrobial spectrum and may even enhance the effect of certain antimicrobial agents. Its potential application as a food preservative has been analysed on different matrixes pointing to its antimicrobial activity against spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms in food. This review provides an insight in the chemical composition, antimicrobial, insecticidal, larvicidal and antiparasitic activities and toxicity of T. zygis essential oil, as well as its potential application in food as a preservative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Coimbra
- CICS-UBI Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Susana Ferreira
- CICS-UBI Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Ana Paula Duarte
- CICS-UBI Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
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Lauteri C, Maggio F, Serio A, Festino AR, Paparella A, Vergara A. Overcoming Multidrug Resistance in Salmonella spp. Isolates Obtained From the Swine Food Chain by Using Essential Oils: An in vitro Study. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:808286. [PMID: 35222307 PMCID: PMC8863735 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.808286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global concern, and new approaches are needed to circumvent animal and food-borne resistant pathogens. Among the new strategies, the combination of antibiotics with natural compounds such as essential oils (EOs) could be an alternative to challenge bacterial resistance. The present study evaluates the phenotypic and genotypic antibiotic resistance of 36 Salmonella enterica (16 S. Typhimurium, 3 monophasic variant S. Typhimurium, 8 S. Enteritidis, 6 S. Rissen, 1 S. Typhi, and 2 S. Derby) strains, isolated from the swine production chain. The isolates displayed phenotypic resistance to gentamicin, amikacin, tobramycin, and tetracycline, while the resistance genes most commonly detected were parC, catA, nfsB, nfsA, blaTEM, tetA, and tetB. Then 31/36 Salmonella isolates were chosen to evaluate resistance to tetracycline and Thymus vulgaris, Eugenia caryophyllata, and Corydothymus capitatus EOs by determining minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs). Finally, the synergistic effect between tetracycline and each EOs was evaluated by the checkerboard method, calculating the fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) index. Among the EOs, C. capitatus displayed the best bioactivity in terms of MICs, with the lowest values (0.31 and 0.625 μl/ml). On the contrary, the strains showed the ability to grow in the presence of the maximum concentration of tetracycline employed (256 μg/ml). While not displaying a real synergism according to the FIC index, the combination of tetracycline compounds and the three EOs resulted in a significant reduction in the MIC values to tetracycline (4 μg/ml), suggesting a restoration of the susceptibility to the antibiotic in Salmonella spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Lauteri
- Section of Food Inspection, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, School of Specialization in Inspection of Foods of Animal Origin, “G. Tiecco” University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Francesca Maggio
- Section of Food Microbiology, Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Annalisa Serio
- Section of Food Microbiology, Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Festino
- Section of Food Inspection, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, School of Specialization in Inspection of Foods of Animal Origin, “G. Tiecco” University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Antonello Paparella
- Section of Food Microbiology, Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Alberto Vergara
- Section of Food Inspection, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, School of Specialization in Inspection of Foods of Animal Origin, “G. Tiecco” University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
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Jesus GSDE, Micheletti AC, Takahashi KM, Matayoshi T, Pott A, Yoshida NÍC. Antimicrobial potential of Pectis substriata essential oil (Asteraceae) against drug-resistant Staphylococcus strains. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2020; 92:e20200456. [PMID: 33331445 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202020200456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistant bacterial infections represent one of the major threats in worldwide health services. In this scenario, plant essential oils are considered promising antimicrobial agents. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial potential of Pectis substriata essential oil alone and in combination with antibiotics, against clinical drug-resistant bacterial strains. The essential oil from the plant aerial parts was obtained by hydrodistillation. Antimicrobial activity was assessed against standard and clinical bacterial strains by broth microdilution method, and the synergistic effect was evaluated by checkerboard microtiter assay. The oil alone showed significant activity against clinical Staphylococcus warneri (62.5 µg.mL-1), and was moderately active on Staphylococcus aureus (standard strain) and clinical Staphylococcus intermedius (125 and 250 µg.mL-1, respectively). Synergism was achieved for the combinations of essential oil and ampicillin on S. warneri and of oil and kanamycin on S. intermedius. Additive effects were also observed. This is the first report of the chemical composition of P. substriata essential oil, and the results revealed the presence of compounds with proven antimicrobial activity. The oil proved active against resistant Gram-positive cocci, and showed synergism with antibiotics, revealing its potential use as adjuvant or in the development of new alternative treatments of drug-resistant antimicrobial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genilson S DE Jesus
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Instituto de Química, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 1555, Jardim Ipiranga, 79074-460 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Ana C Micheletti
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Instituto de Química, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 1555, Jardim Ipiranga, 79074-460 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Karen M Takahashi
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Faculdade de Engenharias, Arquitetura e Urbanismo e Geografia, Rua César Ramos dos Santos, 346, Universitário, Cidade Universitária, 79052-564 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Matayoshi
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Instituto de Química, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 1555, Jardim Ipiranga, 79074-460 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Arnildo Pott
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Instituto de Biociências, Av. Costa e Silva, s/n, Universitário, Cidade Universitária, 79002-970 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - NÍdia C Yoshida
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Instituto de Química, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 1555, Jardim Ipiranga, 79074-460 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
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Álvarez-Martínez FJ, Barrajón-Catalán E, Encinar JA, Rodríguez-Díaz JC, Micol V. Antimicrobial Capacity of Plant Polyphenols against Gram-positive Bacteria: A Comprehensive Review. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:2576-2606. [PMID: 30295182 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666181008115650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multi-drug-resistant bacteria such as Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) disseminate rapidly amongst patients in healthcare facilities and suppose an increasingly important cause of community-associated infections and associated mortality. The development of effective therapeutic options against resistant bacteria is a public health priority. Plant polyphenols are structurally diverse compounds that have been used for centuries for medicinal purposes, including infections treatment and possess, not only antimicrobial activity, but also antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities among others. Based on the existing evidence on the polyphenols' antibacterial capacity, polyphenols may be postulated as an alternative or complementary therapy for infectious diseases. OBJECTIVE To review the antimicrobial activity of plant polyphenols against Gram-positive bacteria, especially against S. aureus and its resistant strains. Determine the main bacterial molecular targets of polyphenols and their potential mechanism of action. METHODOLOGY The most relevant reports on plant polyphenols' antibacterial activity and their putative molecular targets were studied. We also performed virtual screening of thousand different polyphenols against proteins involved in the peptidoglycan biosynthesis to find potential valuable bioactive compounds. The bibliographic information used in this review was obtained from MEDLINE via PubMed. RESULTS Several polyphenols: phenolic acids, flavonoids (especially flavonols), tannins, lignans, stilbenes and combinations of these in botanical mixtures, have exhibited significant antibacterial activity against resistant and non-resistant Gram-positive bacteria at low μg/mL range MIC values. Their mechanism of action is quite diverse, targeting cell wall, lipid membrane, membrane receptors and ion channels, bacteria metabolites and biofilm formation. Synergic effects were also demonstrated for some combinations of polyphenols and antibiotics. CONCLUSION Plant polyphenols mean a promising source of antibacterial agents, either alone or in combination with existing antibiotics, for the development of new antibiotic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Javier Álvarez-Martínez
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular y Celular (IBMC) and Instituto de Investigacion, Desarrollo e Innovacion en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universitas Miguel Hernandez; 03202 Elche, Spain
| | - Enrique Barrajón-Catalán
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular y Celular (IBMC) and Instituto de Investigacion, Desarrollo e Innovacion en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universitas Miguel Hernandez; 03202 Elche, Spain
| | - José Antonio Encinar
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular y Celular (IBMC) and Instituto de Investigacion, Desarrollo e Innovacion en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universitas Miguel Hernandez; 03202 Elche, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Rodríguez-Díaz
- Microbiology Section, University General Hospital of Alicante, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL-FISABIO Foundation), Alicante 03010, Spain
| | - Vicente Micol
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular y Celular (IBMC) and Instituto de Investigacion, Desarrollo e Innovacion en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universitas Miguel Hernandez; 03202 Elche, Spain.,CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBERobn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CB12/03/30038), Spain
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de Jesus GS, Micheletti AC, Padilha RG, de Souza de Paula J, Alves FM, Leal CRB, Garcez FR, Garcez WS, Yoshida NC. Antimicrobial Potential of Essential Oils from Cerrado Plants against Multidrug-Resistant Foodborne Microorganisms. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25143296. [PMID: 32708062 PMCID: PMC7397120 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25143296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Foodborne pathogens are a real public health concern in an escalating antimicrobial resistance scenario. Natural products represent a promising source of bioactive molecules, and essential oils have attracted much attention due to their myriad of biological properties, including antibacterial activities. In this context, essential oils obtained from the leaves of Chromolaena squalida, Campomanesia sessiliflora, Myrsine guianensis, Matayba guianensis, Siparuna guianensis, Ocotea minarum and Endlicheria paniculata—species from the Cerrado biome of Midwest Brazil—were extracted and evaluated for their antibacterial activity against a panel of four standard and three clinical multidrug−resistant bacterial strains. All tested oils showed moderate to good activity against at least four bacterial strains, including Salmonella Typhi and oxacillin−resistant Staphylococcus. The essential oils from C. squalida, C. sessiliflora, My. guianensis and Ma. guianensis showed strong inhibition of clinical Staphylococcus strains, which cause bovine mastitis and are related to milk−borne diseases. Their chemical profiles were investigated by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC/MS), which revealed a predominance of mono− and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, some of which with well−known antimicrobial properties. The essential oil from Cerrado plants proved active against resistant Gram−positive and Gram−negative bacteria, revealing their potentialities for the development of new alternative agents to prevent the spreading of resistant bacterial contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genilson Silva de Jesus
- Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller 1555, Campo Grande MS 79074460, Brazil; (G.S.d.J.); (A.C.M.); (R.G.P.); (J.d.S.d.P.); (F.R.G.); (W.S.G.)
| | - Ana Camila Micheletti
- Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller 1555, Campo Grande MS 79074460, Brazil; (G.S.d.J.); (A.C.M.); (R.G.P.); (J.d.S.d.P.); (F.R.G.); (W.S.G.)
| | - Rafael Gonçalves Padilha
- Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller 1555, Campo Grande MS 79074460, Brazil; (G.S.d.J.); (A.C.M.); (R.G.P.); (J.d.S.d.P.); (F.R.G.); (W.S.G.)
| | - Jessica de Souza de Paula
- Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller 1555, Campo Grande MS 79074460, Brazil; (G.S.d.J.); (A.C.M.); (R.G.P.); (J.d.S.d.P.); (F.R.G.); (W.S.G.)
| | - Flavio Macedo Alves
- Institute of Biosciences, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Costa e Silva s/n, Campo Grande MS 79070900, Brazil;
| | - Cassia Rejane Brito Leal
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller 2443, Campo Grande MS 79070900, Brazil;
| | - Fernanda Rodrigues Garcez
- Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller 1555, Campo Grande MS 79074460, Brazil; (G.S.d.J.); (A.C.M.); (R.G.P.); (J.d.S.d.P.); (F.R.G.); (W.S.G.)
| | - Walmir Silva Garcez
- Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller 1555, Campo Grande MS 79074460, Brazil; (G.S.d.J.); (A.C.M.); (R.G.P.); (J.d.S.d.P.); (F.R.G.); (W.S.G.)
| | - Nidia Cristiane Yoshida
- Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller 1555, Campo Grande MS 79074460, Brazil; (G.S.d.J.); (A.C.M.); (R.G.P.); (J.d.S.d.P.); (F.R.G.); (W.S.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-67-3345-3554
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Barbosa LN, Alves FCB, Andrade BFMT, Albano M, Rall VLM, Fernandes AAH, Buzalaf MAR, Leite ADL, de Pontes LG, Dos Santos LD, Fernandes Junior A. Proteomic analysis and antibacterial resistance mechanisms of Salmonella Enteritidis submitted to the inhibitory effect of Origanum vulgare essential oil, thymol and carvacrol. J Proteomics 2019; 214:103625. [PMID: 31881347 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2019.103625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Biological properties of natural products are an important research target and essential oils (EO) from aromatic plants with antimicrobial properties are well documented. However, their uses are limited, and the mechanisms underlying their antibacterial activity are still not well known. Therefore, our objective was to evaluate the antibacterial activities of Origanum vulgare EO, thymol and carvacrol against Salmonella Enteritidis ATCC 13076 strain, particularly regarding the bacterial proteic profile, enzymatic activities and DNA synthesis. Bacterial expressed proteins were evaluated using an untreated assay control and treatments with sublethal concentrations of oregano EO, carvacrol and thymol. The same protein extracts were also assayed for oxidative stress and energy metabolism enzyme activities, as well as effect on DNA synthesis. Protein expression outcomes revealed by 2D-SDS-PAGE, from antimicrobial actions, showed a stress response with differential expressions of chaperones and cellular protein synthesis mediated by the bacterial signaling system. In addition, Salmonella used a similar mechanism in defense against oxidative stress, for its survival. Thus, the antibacterial inhibitory activity of EO was preferentially associated with the presence of thymol and there was interference in protein regulation as well as DNA synthesis affected by these compounds. SIGNIFICANCE: Antimicrobial activity of essential oils (EO) is already known. In this way, the understanding of how this activity occurs is a fundamental part to provide the practical and rational use of these substances. In the current scenario, where the emergence of resistant bacteria or even multiresistant bacteria against conventional antimicrobials, the search for alternatives becomes essential, since the discovery of new inhibitory substances does not occur at the same speed. The anti-Salmonella action allied to the knowledge about the biological processes affected by O. vulgare EO contribute to these bioactive compounds being effectively used as agents in the safety and shelf life of food in a future product, packaging or process where the antibacterial activity is safe and best used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidiane Nunes Barbosa
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biosciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil; Center for the Studies of Venoms and Venomous Animals (CEVAP), Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Fernanda Cristina Bergamo Alves
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biosciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Mariana Albano
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biosciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vera Lucia Mores Rall
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biosciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Aline de Lima Leite
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Bauru, Brazil
| | - Leticia Gomes de Pontes
- Graduate Program in Tropical Diseases, Botucatu Medical School (FMB), Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucilene Delazari Dos Santos
- Center for the Studies of Venoms and Venomous Animals (CEVAP), Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil; Graduate Program in Tropical Diseases, Botucatu Medical School (FMB), Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ary Fernandes Junior
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biosciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
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Solarte AL, Astorga RJ, de Aguiar FC, Tarradas C, Luque I, Gómez-Gascón L, Huerta B. Reduced Susceptibility of Salmonella Typhimurium Strains to Oregano Essential Oil and Enrofloxacin: An In Vitro Assay. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2019; 17:29-34. [PMID: 31710243 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2019.2635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Several European animal nutrition companies have incorporated essential oils (EOs) into animal feed as a result of the prohibition of antibiotics to promote animal growth. Previous studies of EOs have highlighted the absence of bacterial resistance for these substances, although most of the published works focus on studying their tolerance to subinhibitory doses. For this study, oregano essential oil (OEO) was chosen for its proven inhibitory and bactericidal activity. This study is an in vitro assay of the possible induction of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strains with reduced susceptibility to OEO by mutation, seeking to calculate the mutant prevention concentration (MPC) since this is an important measurement for the control Salmonella's resistance to fluoroquinolones such as enrofloxacin (ENR), the treatment of choice for this infection. To establish the MPC, we used a bacterial inoculum ≥109 colony-forming unit (CFU)/mL and examined the bases for points of resistance to ENR and mutations of target genes of the quinolone resistance determining region (QRDR). The three strains of Salmonella Typhimurium used in this study showed an MPC of four times the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for ENR. In all cases, strains with reduced susceptibility to ENR were obtained, although none reached the point of resistance. The QRDR characterization region was in all cases of wild type (wt). Two of the strains tested with OEO grew at a concentration of 1 × MIC, which could be strains with reduced susceptibility, associated with mutation or not. In this case, the MPC was 2 × MIC. Once isolated and identified as Salmonella Typhimurium, the MIC against OEO of all strains obtained in the induction test indicated a possible reduction in susceptibility. However, the result obtained for both strains coincided with MIC of the original strains, rejecting a priori such a reduced susceptibility of Salmonella Typhimurium to OEO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lucía Solarte
- Animal Health Department, Veterinary Faculty, Rabanales Campus, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.,"International Excellence Agrifood Campus, CeiA3," University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.,Office of the Vicerrector of Research, Universidad CESMAG, Pasto, Colombia
| | - Rafael Jesús Astorga
- Animal Health Department, Veterinary Faculty, Rabanales Campus, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.,"International Excellence Agrifood Campus, CeiA3," University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Fabiana C de Aguiar
- Animal Health Department, Veterinary Faculty, Rabanales Campus, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.,"International Excellence Agrifood Campus, CeiA3," University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Carmen Tarradas
- Animal Health Department, Veterinary Faculty, Rabanales Campus, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.,"International Excellence Agrifood Campus, CeiA3," University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Luque
- Animal Health Department, Veterinary Faculty, Rabanales Campus, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.,"International Excellence Agrifood Campus, CeiA3," University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Lidia Gómez-Gascón
- Animal Health Department, Veterinary Faculty, Rabanales Campus, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.,"International Excellence Agrifood Campus, CeiA3," University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Belen Huerta
- Animal Health Department, Veterinary Faculty, Rabanales Campus, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.,"International Excellence Agrifood Campus, CeiA3," University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
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11
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Aguiar F, Solarte A, Tarradas C, Gómez‐Gascón L, Astorga R, Maldonado A, Huerta B. Combined effect of conventional antimicrobials with essential oils and their main components against resistant
Streptococcus suis
strains. Lett Appl Microbiol 2019; 68:562-572. [DOI: 10.1111/lam.13151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F.C. Aguiar
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal Universidad de Córdoba International Excellence Agrifood Campus ‘CeiA3’ Córdoba Spain
| | - A.L. Solarte
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal Universidad de Córdoba International Excellence Agrifood Campus ‘CeiA3’ Córdoba Spain
- Medicine Faculty University Cooperative of Colombia Pasto Colombia
| | - C. Tarradas
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal Universidad de Córdoba International Excellence Agrifood Campus ‘CeiA3’ Córdoba Spain
| | - L. Gómez‐Gascón
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal Universidad de Córdoba International Excellence Agrifood Campus ‘CeiA3’ Córdoba Spain
| | - R. Astorga
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal Universidad de Córdoba International Excellence Agrifood Campus ‘CeiA3’ Córdoba Spain
| | - A. Maldonado
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal Universidad de Córdoba International Excellence Agrifood Campus ‘CeiA3’ Córdoba Spain
| | - B. Huerta
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal Universidad de Córdoba International Excellence Agrifood Campus ‘CeiA3’ Córdoba Spain
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12
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Karumathil DP, Nair MS, Gaffney J, Kollanoor-Johny A, Venkitanarayanan K. Trans-Cinnamaldehyde and Eugenol Increase Acinetobacter baumannii Sensitivity to Beta-Lactam Antibiotics. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1011. [PMID: 29875743 PMCID: PMC5974060 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Multi-drug resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii is a major nosocomial pathogen causing a wide range of clinical conditions with significant mortality rates. A. baumannii strains are equipped with a multitude of antibiotic resistance mechanisms, rendering them resistant to most of the currently available antibiotics. Thus, there is a critical need to explore novel strategies for controlling antibiotic resistance in A. baumannii. This study investigated the efficacy of two food-grade, plant-derived antimicrobials (PDAs), namely trans-cinnamaldehyde (TC) and eugenol (EG) in decreasing A. baumannii’s resistance to seven β-lactam antibiotics, including ampicillin, methicillin, meropenem, penicillin, aztreonam, amoxicillin, and piperacillin. Two MDR A. baumannii isolates (ATCC 17978 and AB 251847) were separately cultured in tryptic soy broth (∼6 log CFU/ml) containing the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of TC or EG with or without the MIC of each antibiotic at 37°C for 18 h. A. baumannii strains not exposed to the PDAs or antibiotics served as controls. Following incubation, A. baumannii counts were determined by broth dilution assay. In addition, the effect of PDAs on the permeability of outer membrane and efflux pumps in A. baumannii was measured. Further, the effect of TC and EG on the expression of A. baumannii genes encoding resistance to β-lactam antibiotics (blaP), efflux pumps (adeABC), and multi-drug resistant protein (mdrp) was studied using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). The experiment was replicated three times with duplicate samples of each treatment and control. The results from broth dilution assay indicated that both TC and EG in combination with antibiotics increased the sensitivity of A. baumannii to all the tested antibiotics (P < 0.05). The two PDAs inhibited the function of A. baumannii efflux pump, (AdeABC), but did not increase the permeability of its outer membrane. Moreover, RT-qPCR data revealed that TC and EG down-regulated the expression of majority of the genes associated with β-lactam antibiotic resistance, especially blaP and adeABC (P < 0.05). The results suggest that TC and EG could potentially be used along with β-lactam antibiotics for controlling MDR A. baumannii infections; however, their clinical significance needs to be determined using in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepti P Karumathil
- Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Meera Surendran Nair
- Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - James Gaffney
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Anup Kollanoor-Johny
- Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States
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13
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Solarte AL, Astorga RJ, de Aguiar FC, De Frutos C, Barrero-Domínguez B, Huerta B. Susceptibility Distribution to Essential Oils of Salmonella enterica Strains Involved in Animal and Public Health and Comparison of the Typhimurium and Enteritidis Serotypes. J Med Food 2018; 21:946-950. [PMID: 29688798 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2017.0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine the distribution of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of essential oils (EOs) of cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum), clove (Eugenia caryophyllata), oregano (Origanum vulgare), common thyme (Thymus vulgaris), and red thyme (Thymus zygis) against Salmonella enterica, double serial dilutions of each EO were challenged with 85 Salmonella strains belonging to 23 serotypes of animal origin. The results showed the bactericidal character of the EOs tested against S. enterica, highlighting the oregano with MIC50 and MBC50 of 3.12 × 10-4 g/mL, and MIC90 and MBC90 of 6.25 × 10-4 g/mL. When comparing the Salmonella Typhimurium and Salmonella Enteritidis serotypes susceptibility, we observed a significantly higher sensitivity of Typhimurium to clove and Enteritidis to cinnamon. In addition, Typhimurium isolates with significantly higher MIC and MBC values for all the EOs tested were found, suggesting the existence of a possible resistance profile. The results of this study provide relevant data for the potential of EOs as antibacterials, although they highlight the need to continue bacterial sensitivity distribution studies and consider the differences detected for future in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lucía Solarte
- 1 Department of Animal Health, Veterinary Faculty, University of Cordoba , Cordoba, Spain
| | - Rafael Jesús Astorga
- 1 Department of Animal Health, Veterinary Faculty, University of Cordoba , Cordoba, Spain
| | | | - Cristina De Frutos
- 2 Department of Salmonellosis Diagnosis, Central Veterinary Laboratory , MAGRAMA Algete, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Belén Huerta
- 1 Department of Animal Health, Veterinary Faculty, University of Cordoba , Cordoba, Spain
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14
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de Aguiar FC, Solarte AL, Tarradas C, Luque I, Maldonado A, Galán-Relaño Á, Huerta B. Antimicrobial activity of selected essential oils against Streptococcus suis isolated from pigs. Microbiologyopen 2018; 7:e00613. [PMID: 29575822 PMCID: PMC6291787 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The inhibitory potential by contact and vapor of basil, cinnamon, clove, peppermint, oregano, rosemary, common thyme, and red thyme essential oils (EOs) against 20 strains of Streptococcus suis was determined by the disk diffusion test. The broth microdilution method was used to determine the minimal inhibitory and minimal bactericidal concentration (MIC and MBC) of the four selected oils. Furthermore, the bactericidal power (ratio MBC/MIC) was calculated. The EOs with the major potential in the disk diffusion method were red thyme, common thyme, oregano, and cinnamon (∅ mean 16.5–34.2 mm), whereas cinnamon did not show vapor activity. In the microdilution test, all the EOs showed notable antimicrobial activity (MIC90 and MBC90 312.5–625 μg·ml−1) and a strong bactericidal power (ratio = 1). This is the first study that selects essential oils against S. suis. New studies about the possible synergic effect of EOs with antibiotics and about toxicity and efficacy in in vivo conditions are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana C de Aguiar
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Universidad de Córdoba, International Excellence Agrifood Campus 'CeiA3', Córdoba, Spain
| | - Ana Lucía Solarte
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Universidad de Córdoba, International Excellence Agrifood Campus 'CeiA3', Córdoba, Spain
| | - Carmen Tarradas
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Universidad de Córdoba, International Excellence Agrifood Campus 'CeiA3', Córdoba, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Luque
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Universidad de Córdoba, International Excellence Agrifood Campus 'CeiA3', Córdoba, Spain
| | - Alfonso Maldonado
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Universidad de Córdoba, International Excellence Agrifood Campus 'CeiA3', Córdoba, Spain
| | - Ángela Galán-Relaño
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Universidad de Córdoba, International Excellence Agrifood Campus 'CeiA3', Córdoba, Spain
| | - Belén Huerta
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Universidad de Córdoba, International Excellence Agrifood Campus 'CeiA3', Córdoba, Spain
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