The Relationship Between Glutathione S-Transferase-P1 and Beta-2 Adrenoreceptor Genotypes with Asthmatic Patients in the Turkish Population

Association of β2-adrenergic receptor gene polymorphisms (rs1042713, rs1042714, rs1042711) with asthma risk: a systematic review and updated meta-analysis

Background

The published data on the association between β2-adrenergic receptor gene polymorphisms and asthma susceptibility are inconclusive. To derive a more precise estimation of this association, a meta-analysis was performed.

Methods

A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Wanfang, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases to identify eligible studies. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to calculate the strength of the association. A sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate the influence of individual studies on the overall effect estimates, and funnel plots and Egger’s tests were used for indications of publication bias.

Results

Seventy three studies with three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) (rs1042713, c.G46A, p.Gly16Arg; rs1042714, c.G79C, p.Gln27Glu; rs1042711, c.T-47C, p.Cys19Arg) were finally identified. For the rs1042713 polymorphism, no significant association with asthma risk was found in the overall population. However, a significant protective association was found in the Indian population in the dominant model comparison (OR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.59–0.87, I² = 25%, studies = 5, cases = 1190, controls = 1241). A significant risk association was found in the Arab population in the dominant model comparison (OR = 1.75, 95% CI = 1.14–2.70, I² = 0%, studies = 2, cases = 307, controls = 361) and the homozygote model comparison (OR = 1.88, 95% CI = 1.17–3.02, I² = 0%, studies = 2, cases = 307, controls = 361), and in the Hispanic-Latino population in the dominant model comparison (OR = 1.68, 95% CI = 1.10–2.55, I² = 77%, studies = 5, cases = 1026, controls = 1412). For the rs1042714 polymorphism, we found a significant association in the recessive model comparison (OR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.70–0.98, I² = 44%, studies = 52, cases = 8242, controls = 16,832), the homozygote genotype comparison (OR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.72–0.98, I² = 25%, studies = 52, cases = 8242, controls = 16,832) and the allelic genetic model (OR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.83–0.99, I² = 59%, studies = 52, cases = 8242, controls = 16,832) in the overall population. When stratified by age, a significant association was also found in children in the recessive model comparison (OR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.39–0.88, I² = 58%, studies = 18, cases = 2498, controls = 2510) and the homozygote genotype comparison (OR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.43–0.92, I² = 46%, studies = 18, cases = 2498, controls = 2510), but not in adult. For the rs1042711 polymorphism, no significant associations were found in the any genetic model.

Conclusion

The meta-analysis suggests that the ADRB2 rs1042714 polymorphism has a protective association with asthma in the overall population and the pediatric subgroup.

Cytology and molecular study for GSTP1 effect on asthma Iraqi patients

Background

GST belongs to a super family of phase II detoxification enzyme and it plays an important role in preventing the damage that may occur due to reactive water-soluble compounds generated by the association of reactive intermediates with glutathione.

Method

In the present study, we analyzed the frequencies of GSTP1 polymorphism among the Iraqi population using PCR–RFLP technique. Fifty samples from bronchial asthma patients and fifty samples from control cases were subjected to conventional PCR and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) to detect GSTP1 genotype and measured different parameters together such as IgE, eosinophilic count, WBC, and so forth. Some of the cases were made to undergo sequence analysis and enrolled in NCBI GenBank with accession number (MG657249–MG657258). The GSTP1 polymorphism was determined using PCR and the resultant 176-bp fragment was subjected to RFLP and digested with BsamA1 to recognize the A–G transition at nucleotide.

Results

Homozygotes for Ile105 encoding allele resulted in 176-bp fragment found in 62% andVal105 encoding allele had two fragments of 91 and 85 bp in PCR was found in 4% of asthmatic patients. On the other hand, heterozygotes resulted in three fragments of 176, 91 and 85 bp seen in 34% of patients.

Conclusion

To the best of the researcher’s knowledge, this is the first-of-its-kind report with regards to the role played by GSTP1 polymorphism in bronchial asthma among the Iraqi patients. Though the study outcomes do not support the large role played by GSTP1 gene polymorphism in the evolution of bronchial asthma disorder, future researchers are suggested to investigate more features for many promising results.

Advance of antioxidants in asthma treatment

Asthma is an allergic disease, characterized as a recurrent airflow limitation, airway hyperreactivity, and chronic inflammation, involving a variety of cells and cytokines. Reactive oxygen species have been proven to play an important role in asthma. The pathogenesis of oxidative stress in asthma involves an imbalance between oxidant and antioxidant systems that is caused by environment pollutants or endogenous reactive oxygen species from inflammation cells. There is growing evidence that antioxidant treatments that include vitamins and food supplements have been shown to ameliorate this oxidative stress while improving the symptoms and decreasing the severity of asthma. In this review, we summarize recent studies that are related to the mechanisms and biomarkers of oxidative stress, antioxidant treatments in asthma.