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Twenhafel L, Moreno D, Punt T, Kinney M, Ryznar R. Epigenetic Changes Associated with Osteosarcoma: A Comprehensive Review. Cells 2023; 12:1595. [PMID: 37371065 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant primary bone tumor in children and adolescents. While clinical outcomes have improved, the 5-year survival rate is only around 60% if discovered early and can require debilitating treatments, such as amputations. A better understanding of the disease could lead to better clinical outcomes for patients with osteosarcoma. One promising avenue of osteosarcoma research is in the field of epigenetics. This research investigates changes in genetic expression that occur above the genome rather than in the genetic code itself. The epigenetics of osteosarcoma is an active area of research that is still not fully understood. In a narrative review, we examine recent advances in the epigenetics of osteosarcoma by reporting biomarkers of DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNA associated with disease progression. We also show how cancer tumor epigenetic profiles are being used to predict and improve patient outcomes. The papers in this review cover a large range of epigenetic target genes and pathways that modulate many aspects of osteosarcoma, including but not limited to metastases and chemotherapy resistance. Ultimately, this review will shed light on the recent advances in the epigenetics of osteosarcoma and illustrate the clinical benefits of this field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Twenhafel
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Rocky Vista University, Englewood, CO 80112, USA
| | - DiAnna Moreno
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Rocky Vista University, Englewood, CO 80112, USA
| | - Trista Punt
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Rocky Vista University, Englewood, CO 80112, USA
| | - Madeline Kinney
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Rocky Vista University, Englewood, CO 80112, USA
| | - Rebecca Ryznar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Rocky Vista University, Englewood, CO 80112, USA
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Lan H, Wang H, Gao M, Luo G, Zhang J, Yi E, Liang C, Xiong X, Chen X, Wu Q, Chen R, Lin B, Qian D, Hong W. Analysis and Construction of a Competitive Endogenous RNA Regulatory Network of Baicalin-Induced Apoptosis in Human Osteosarcoma Cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:9984112. [PMID: 34337069 PMCID: PMC8315844 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9984112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Baicalin is an extract from the traditional Chinese herb Scutellaria baicalensis and has the potential to treat osteosarcoma (OS). However, the transcriptome-level mechanism of baicalin-mediated antitumor effects in OS has not yet been investigated. The aim of this study was to analyze the competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory network involved in baicalin-induced apoptosis of OS cells. METHODS In this study, CCK-8 and flow cytometry assays were used to detect the antitumor effects of baicalin on human OS MG63 cells. Furthermore, transcriptome sequencing was employed to establish the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), microRNA (miRNA), and mRNA profiles. RESULTS Baicalin inhibited MG63 cell proliferation and induced apoptosis. Totals of 58 lncRNAs, 31 miRNAs, and 2136 mRNAs in the baicalin-treated MG63 cells were identified as differentially expressed RNAs compared to those in control cells. Of these, 2 lncRNAs, 3 miRNAs, and 18 mRNAs were included in the ceRNA regulatory network. The differentially expressed RNAs were confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). CONCLUSIONS By identifying the ceRNA network, our results provide new information about the possible molecular basis of baicalin, which has potential applications in OS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Lan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research in Oral Regenerative Medicine, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mi Gao
- GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guan Luo
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research in Oral Regenerative Medicine, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiahuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Erkang Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunxiao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Xiong
- GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xing Chen
- GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qinghua Wu
- The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruikun Chen
- The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Biting Lin
- GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dongyang Qian
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Technology and Implant Materials, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Hong
- GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Circ_0081001 down-regulates miR-494-3p to enhance BACH1 expression and promotes osteosarcoma progression. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:17274-17284. [PMID: 34191748 PMCID: PMC8312427 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The study was aimed at deciphering the function and mechanism of circ_0081001 in osteosarcoma (OS). In this study, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was utilized for quantifying circ_0081001, miR-494-3p, and BTB domain and CNC homolog 1 (BACH1) mRNA expressions in OS tissues and cells. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, together with 5-Ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay, was performed for evaluating cell proliferation; the alterations in apoptosis were analyzed utilizing flow cytometry; Transwell assay was conducted for examining cell migration and invasion; moreover, Western blot was utilized for the quantification of BACH1 protein expression; bioinformatics, dual-luciferase reporter gene, and RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation assays were executed for validating the binding relationships between circ_0081001 and miR-494-3p, and between miR-494-3p and BACH1. As shown, circ_0081001, whose expression was elevated in OS tissues, had a negative association with miR-494-3p expression and a positive correlation with BACH1 expression. After circ_0081001 was overexpressed, the proliferation, migration, and invasion of OS cells were boosted but the apoptosis was reduced, whereas miR-494-3p exhibited opposite effects. The binding sites between circ_0081001 and miR-494-3p, and between miR-494-3p and the 3’UTR of BACH1 were experimentally verified. In conclusion, circ_0081001/miR-494-3p/BACH1 axis promoted the malignant biological behaviors of OS cells.
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Zhu B, Liu W, Liu H, Xu Q, Xu W. LINC01094 Down-Regulates miR-330-3p and Enhances the Expression of MSI1 to Promote the Progression of Glioma. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:6511-6521. [PMID: 32801889 PMCID: PMC7395698 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s254630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study aims at probing into the expression, function, and mechanism of LINC01094 and miR-330-3p in glioma. Materials and Methods qRT-PCR was employed to examine LINC01094 and miR-330-3p expressions in gliomas. After gain-of-function and loss-of-function models were constructed, CCK-8 and Transwell assays were used to detect the proliferation, migration and invasion of LN229 and U251 cells, respectively. Additionally, dual luciferase reporter gene assay was utilized to verify the binding site between m4iR-330-3p and LINC01094, miR-330-3p, and the 3ʹUTR of musashi RNA binding protein 1 (MSI1). Then, RNA pull-down, RIP, qRT-PCR and Western blot were employed to detect the regulatory relationships among LINC01094, miR-330-3p, and MSI1. Results The expression of LINC01094 was elevated in glioma tissues and cell lines, and the high expression of LINC01094 was associated with high grade of glioma. In contrast, miR-330-3p was lowly expressed in glioma tissue. Overexpression of LINC01094 or down-regulation of miR-330-3p promoted the proliferation, migration, and invasion of glioma cells, while LINC01094 knockdown or miR-330-3p up-regulation impeded these processes. miR-330-3p was identified as a target miRNA of LINC01094, and it could be negatively regulated by LINC01094. In addition, miR-330-3p antagonized the function of LINC01094 by negatively regulating MSI1. Conclusion LINC01094 promotes the proliferation, migration, and invasion of glioma cells by adsorbing miR-330-3p and up-regulating the expression of MSI1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan North Hospital, Baoshan Branch, Fudan University, Shanghai 200431, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan North Hospital, Baoshan Branch, Fudan University, Shanghai 200431, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongliang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan North Hospital, Baoshan Branch, Fudan University, Shanghai 200431, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan North Hospital, Baoshan Branch, Fudan University, Shanghai 200431, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan North Hospital, Baoshan Branch, Fudan University, Shanghai 200431, People's Republic of China
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