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Differential expression of p120-catenin 1 and 3 isoforms in epithelial tissues. Sci Rep 2019; 9:90. [PMID: 30643202 PMCID: PMC6331582 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36889-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
P120 catenin (p120) is a non-redundant master regulatory protein of cadherin-based cell-cell junctions, intracellular signaling, and tissue homeostasis and repair. Alternative splicing can generate p120 isoforms 1 and 3 (p120-1 and p120-3), which are implicated in non-overlapping functions by differential expression regulation and unique interactions in different cell types, with often predominant expression of p120-1 in mesenchymal cells, and p120-3 generally prevalent in epithelial cells. However, the lack of specific p120-3 protein detection has precluded analysis of their relative abundance in tissues. Here, we have developed a p120-3 isoform-specific antibody and analyzed the p120-3 localization relative to p120-1 in human tissues. p120-3 but not p120-1 is highly expressed in cell-cell junctions of simple gastrointestinal epithelia such as colon and stomach, and the acini of salivary glands and the pancreas. Conversely, the basal layer of the epidermis and hair follicles expressed p120-1 with reduced p120-3, whereas most other epithelia co-expressed p120-3 and p120-1, including bronchial epithelia and mammary luminal epithelial cells. These data provide an inventory of tissue-specific p120 isoform expression and suggest a link between p120 isoform expression and epithelial differentiation.
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Marston DJ, Higgins CD, Peters KA, Cupp TD, Dickinson DJ, Pani AM, Moore RP, Cox AH, Kiehart DP, Goldstein B. MRCK-1 Drives Apical Constriction in C. elegans by Linking Developmental Patterning to Force Generation. Curr Biol 2016; 26:2079-89. [PMID: 27451898 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2016.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Revised: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Apical constriction is a change in cell shape that drives key morphogenetic events including gastrulation and neural tube formation. Apical force-producing actomyosin networks drive apical constriction by contracting while connected to cell-cell junctions. The mechanisms by which developmental patterning regulates these actomyosin networks and associated junctions with spatial precision are not fully understood. Here we identify a myosin light-chain kinase MRCK-1 as a key regulator of C. elegans gastrulation that integrates spatial and developmental patterning information. We show that MRCK-1 is required for activation of contractile actomyosin dynamics and elevated cortical tension in the apical cell cortex of endoderm precursor cells. MRCK-1 is apically localized by active Cdc42 at the external, cell-cell contact-free surfaces of apically constricting cells, downstream of cell fate determination mechanisms. We establish that the junctional components α-catenin, β-catenin, and cadherin become highly enriched at the apical junctions of apically constricting cells and that MRCK-1 and myosin activity are required in vivo for this enrichment. Taken together, our results define mechanisms that position a myosin activator to a specific cell surface where it both locally increases cortical tension and locally enriches junctional components to facilitate apical constriction. These results reveal crucial links that can tie spatial information to local force generation to drive morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Marston
- Biology Department, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Christopher D Higgins
- Biology Department, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Kimberly A Peters
- Biology Department, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Timothy D Cupp
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Daniel J Dickinson
- Biology Department, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Ariel M Pani
- Biology Department, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Regan P Moore
- Biology Department, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Amanda H Cox
- Biology Department, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | | | - Bob Goldstein
- Biology Department, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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Shaver CM, Grove BS, Putz ND, Clune JK, Lawson WE, Carnahan RH, Mackman N, Ware LB, Bastarache JA. Regulation of alveolar procoagulant activity and permeability in direct acute lung injury by lung epithelial tissue factor. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2016; 53:719-27. [PMID: 25884207 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2014-0179oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue factor (TF) initiates the extrinsic coagulation cascade in response to tissue injury, leading to local fibrin deposition. Low levels of TF in mice are associated with increased severity of acute lung injury (ALI) after intratracheal LPS administration. However, the cellular sources of the TF required for protection from LPS-induced ALI remain unknown. In the current study, transgenic mice with cell-specific deletions of TF in the lung epithelium or myeloid cells were treated with intratracheal LPS to determine the cellular sources of TF important in direct ALI. Cell-specific deletion of TF in the lung epithelium reduced total lung TF expression to 39% of wild-type (WT) levels at baseline and to 29% of WT levels after intratracheal LPS. In contrast, there was no reduction of TF with myeloid cell TF deletion. Mice lacking myeloid cell TF did not differ from WT mice in coagulation, inflammation, permeability, or hemorrhage. However, mice lacking lung epithelial TF had increased tissue injury, impaired activation of coagulation in the airspace, disrupted alveolar permeability, and increased alveolar hemorrhage after intratracheal LPS. Deletion of epithelial TF did not affect alveolar permeability in an indirect model of ALI caused by systemic LPS infusion. These studies demonstrate that the lung epithelium is the primary source of TF in the lung, contributing 60-70% of total lung TF, and that lung epithelial, but not myeloid, TF may be protective in direct ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciara M Shaver
- 1 Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Brandon S Grove
- 1 Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Nathan D Putz
- 1 Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Jennifer K Clune
- 1 Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - William E Lawson
- 1 Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee.,2 Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Robert H Carnahan
- 3 Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Nigel Mackman
- 4 Thrombosis and Hemostasis Program, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of North Carolina McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; and
| | - Lorraine B Ware
- 1 Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee.,5 Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Julie A Bastarache
- 1 Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
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Hong JY, Oh IH, McCrea PD. Phosphorylation and isoform use in p120-catenin during development and tumorigenesis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2015; 1863:102-14. [PMID: 26477567 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2015] [Revised: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
P120-catenin is essential to vertebrate development, modulating cadherin and small-GTPase functions, and growing evidence points also to roles in the nucleus. A complexity in addressing p120-catenin's functions is its many isoforms, including optional splicing events, alternative points of translational initiation, and secondary modifications. In this review, we focus upon how choices in the initiation of protein translation, or the earlier splicing of the RNA transcript, relates to primary sequences that harbor established or putative regulatory phosphorylation sites. While certain p120 phosphorylation events arise via known kinases/phosphatases and have defined outcomes, in most cases the functional consequences are still to be established. In this review, we provide examples of p120-isoforms as they relate to phosphorylation events, and thereby to isoform dependent protein-protein associations and downstream functions. We also provide a view of upstream pathways that determine p120's phosphorylation state, and that have an impact upon development and disease. Because other members of the p120 subfamily undergo similar processing and phosphorylation, as well as related catenins of the plakophilin subfamily, what is learned regarding p120 will by extension have wide relevance in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yeon Hong
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea.
| | - Il-Hoan Oh
- The Catholic University of Korea, Catholic High Performance Cell Therapy Center, 505 Banpo-dong, Seocho-Ku, Seoul 137-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Pierre D McCrea
- Department of Genetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Kinetics of lung tissue factor expression and procoagulant activity in bleomycin induced acute lung injury. Clin Transl Med 2015; 4:63. [PMID: 26154059 PMCID: PMC4495096 DOI: 10.1186/s40169-015-0063-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Activation of coagulation by expression of tissue factor (TF) in the airspace is a hallmark of acute lung injury (ALI) but the timing of TF activation in relationship to increases in lung permeability and inflammation are unknown. Methods To test the hypothesis that TF is upregulated early in the course of acute bleomycin lung injury and precedes increased permeability and inflammation we studied the early course of bleomycin-induced ALI in mice. Mice were treated with 0.04U intratracheal bleomycin or vehicle control and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and lung tissue were collected daily for 7 days. Whole lung TF mRNA was determined by QT-PCR. TF protein was assessed by ELISA and immunostaining. BAL procoagulant activity was measured by BAL clot time and thrombin-antithrombin complexes. Inflammation was assessed by BAL cell count, differentials and CXCL1/KC concentration. Lung permeability was assessed by BAL protein and lung wet to dry weight ratio. Results Expression of CXCL1 occurred by day 1. BAL protein and lung wet-to-dry weight ratio increased significantly by day 3. TF mRNA and BAL procoagulant activity peaked on day 4 while whole lung TF protein peaked on day 6. Changes in permeability and procoagulant activity preceded inflammatory cell influx which was maximal at day 6 while whole lung TF protein peaked along with inflammation. Conclusion These data demonstrate that cytokine upregulation is the earliest response to bleomycin administration, followed by increased lung permeability, upregulation of TF, and recruitment of inflammatory cells.
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Klompstra D, Anderson DC, Yeh JY, Zilberman Y, Nance J. An instructive role for C. elegans E-cadherin in translating cell contact cues into cortical polarity. Nat Cell Biol 2015; 17:726-35. [PMID: 25938815 PMCID: PMC4449804 DOI: 10.1038/ncb3168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cell contacts provide spatial cues that polarize early embryos and epithelial cells. The homophilic adhesion protein E-cadherin is required for contact-induced polarity in many cells. However, it is debated whether E-cadherin functions instructively as a spatial cue, or permissively by ensuring adequate adhesion so that cells can sense other contact signals. In Caenorhabditis elegans, contacts polarize early embryonic cells by recruiting the RhoGAP PAC-1 to the adjacent cortex, inducing PAR protein asymmetry. Here we show that the E-cadherin HMR-1, which is dispensable for adhesion, functions together with the α-catenin HMP-1, the p120 catenin JAC-1, and the previously uncharacterized linker PICC-1 (human CCDC85A-C) to bind PAC-1 and recruit it to contacts. Mislocalizing the HMR-1 intracellular domain to contact-free surfaces draws PAC-1 to these sites and depolarizes cells, demonstrating an instructive role for HMR-1 in polarization. Our findings identify an E-cadherin-mediated pathway that translates cell contacts into cortical polarity by directly recruiting a symmetry-breaking factor to the adjacent cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Klompstra
- Helen L. and Martin S. Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Dorian C. Anderson
- Helen L. and Martin S. Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Justin Y. Yeh
- Helen L. and Martin S. Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Yuliya Zilberman
- Helen L. and Martin S. Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Jeremy Nance
- Helen L. and Martin S. Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
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Nguyen H, Mariotti J, Bareyan D, Carnahan R, Cooper T, Williams C, Engel M. ANTI-MTG16 ANTIBODIES REVEAL MTG16 SUBCELLULAR DISTRIBUTION AND NUCLEOCYTOPLASMIC TRANSPORT IN ERYTHROLEUKEMIA CELLS. ANTIBODY TECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2015; 5:27-41. [PMID: 36267145 PMCID: PMC9580851 DOI: 10.2147/anti.s74419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The myeloid translocation gene (MTG) family of transcriptional co-repressors consists of three highly conserved members; MTG8, MTG16 and MTGR1, each evolutionarily related to the Drosophila protein NERVY and with orthologs across the mammalian hierarchy. By coordinating coincident interactions between DNA binding proteins, other co-repressors and epigenetic effectors, MTG proteins occupy a critical nexus in transcriptional control complexes to profoundly impact the specification of cell fate. MTG family members are most conserved within Nervy Homology Regions (NHR) 1-4, with each region fulfilling functions common to the family. Studies of functional differences between MTG proteins require carefully qualified immunologic reagents specific to each family member. We have developed a group of α-MTG16 antibodies and carefully characterized their specificity for MTG16. These tools reveal that MTG16 is concentrated in the cytoplasm of erythroleukemia cell lines from human and mouse. Using the CRM1 antagonist, leptomycin-B, we show that MTG16 levels rise in the nucleus of MEL cells and decline in the cytoplasm. Together, these data indicate bidirectional movement of MTG16 between cytoplasmic and nuclear compartments. Our work reveals an unrecognized feature of MTG16 regulation that may impact cell fate specification and provides reagents to address important questions regarding MTG16 functions in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Nguyen
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
| | - Jolene Mariotti
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
| | - Diana Bareyan
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine
| | - Robert Carnahan
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
| | - Tracy Cooper
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
| | | | - Michael Engel
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine and Primary Children’s Hospital
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Markham NO, Doll CA, Dohn MR, Miller RK, Yu H, Coffey RJ, McCrea PD, Gamse JT, Reynolds AB. DIPA-family coiled-coils bind conserved isoform-specific head domain of p120-catenin family: potential roles in hydrocephalus and heterotopia. Mol Biol Cell 2014; 25:2592-603. [PMID: 25009281 PMCID: PMC4148249 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e13-08-0492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Isoform-specific expression of p120 affects cell motility and migration during development and tumor progression. The DIPA coiled-coil protein is a novel binding partner to the conserved isoform 1–specific head domain of p120 family members. Zebrafish data suggest that DIPA is mechanistically linked to p120 isoform–specific function in development. p120-catenin (p120) modulates adherens junction (AJ) dynamics by controlling the stability of classical cadherins. Among all p120 isoforms, p120-3A and p120-1A are the most prevalent. Both stabilize cadherins, but p120-3A is preferred in epithelia, whereas p120-1A takes precedence in neurons, fibroblasts, and macrophages. During epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, E- to N-cadherin switching coincides with p120-3A to -1A alternative splicing. These isoforms differ by a 101–amino acid “head domain” comprising the p120-1A N-terminus. Although its exact role is unknown, the head domain likely mediates developmental and cancer-associated events linked to p120-1A expression (e.g., motility, invasion, metastasis). Here we identified delta-interacting protein A (DIPA) as the first head domain–specific binding partner and candidate mediator of isoform 1A activity. DIPA colocalizes with AJs in a p120-1A- but not 3A-dependent manner. Moreover, all DIPA family members (Ccdc85a, Ccdc85b/DIPA, and Ccdc85c) interact reciprocally with p120 family members (p120, δ-catenin, p0071, and ARVCF), suggesting significant functional overlap. During zebrafish neural tube development, both knockdown and overexpression of DIPA phenocopy N-cadherin mutations, an effect bearing functional ties to a reported mouse hydrocephalus phenotype associated with Ccdc85c. These studies identify a novel, highly conserved interaction between two protein families that may participate either individually or collectively in N-cadherin–mediated development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas O Markham
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Cancer Biology Department, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Caleb A Doll
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235
| | - Michael R Dohn
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Cancer Biology Department, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Rachel K Miller
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Huapeng Yu
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Cancer Biology Department, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Robert J Coffey
- Epithelial Biology Center, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Pierre D McCrea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Joshua T Gamse
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235
| | - Albert B Reynolds
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Cancer Biology Department, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
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3E3 Anti-DIPA (Delta-Interacting Protein A). Hybridoma (Larchmt) 2012. [DOI: 10.1089/hyb.2012.0036.mab] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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