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Babi M, Williams A, Reid M, Grandfield K, Bassim ND, Moran-Mirabal JM. Unraveling the Supramolecular Structure and Nanoscale Dislocations of Bacterial Cellulose Ribbons Using Correlative Super-Resolution Light and Electron Microscopy. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:258-268. [PMID: 36577132 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c01108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose is a structural linear polysaccharide that is naturally produced by plants and bacteria, making it the most abundant biopolymer on Earth. The hierarchical structure of cellulose from the nano- to microscale is intimately linked to its biosynthesis and the ability to process this sustainable resource for materials applications. Despite this, the morphology of bacterial cellulose microfibrils and their assembly into higher order structures, as well as the structural origins of the alternating crystalline and disordered supramolecular structure of cellulose, have remained elusive. In this work, we employed high-resolution transmission electron and atomic force microscopies to study the morphology of bacterial cellulose ribbons at different levels of its structural hierarchy and provide direct visualization of nanometer-wide microfibrils. The non-persistent twisting of cellulose ribbons was characterized in detail, and we found that twists are associated with nanostructural defects at the bundle and microfibril levels. To investigate the structural origins of the persistent disordered regions that are present along cellulose ribbons, we employed a correlative super-resolution light and electron microscopy workflow and observed that the disordered regions that can be seen in super-resolution fluorescence microscopy largely correlated with the ribbon twisting observed in electron microscopy. Unraveling the hierarchical assembly of bacterial cellulose and the ultrastructural basis of its disordered regions provides insights into its biosynthesis and susceptibility to hydrolysis. These findings are important to understand the cell-directed assembly of cellulose, develop new cellulose-based nanomaterials, and develop more efficient biomass conversion strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouhanad Babi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada.,Center for Advanced Light Microscopy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Alyssa Williams
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Marcia Reid
- Canadian Centre for Electron Microscopy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Kathryn Grandfield
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada.,Brockhouse Institute for Materials Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Nabil D Bassim
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada.,Canadian Centre for Electron Microscopy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Jose M Moran-Mirabal
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada.,School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada.,Brockhouse Institute for Materials Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada.,Center for Advanced Light Microscopy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
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Babi M, Fatona A, Li X, Cerson C, Jarvis VM, Abitbol T, Moran-Mirabal JM. Efficient Labeling of Nanocellulose for High-Resolution Fluorescence Microscopy Applications. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:1981-1994. [PMID: 35442640 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c01698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The visualization of naturally derived cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) and nanocrystals (CNCs) within nanocomposite materials is key to the development of packaging materials, tissue culture scaffolds, and emulsifying agents, among many other applications. In this work, we develop a versatile and efficient two-step approach based on triazine and azide-alkyne click-chemistry to fluorescently label nanocelluloses with a variety of commercially available dyes. We show that this method can be used to label bacterial cellulose fibrils, plant-derived CNFs, carboxymethylated CNFs, and CNCs with Cy5 and fluorescein derivatives to high degrees of labeling using minimal amounts of dye while preserving their native morphology and crystalline structure. The ability to tune the labeling density with this method allowed us to prepare optimized samples that were used to visualize nanostructural features of cellulose through super-resolution microscopy. The efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and versatility of this method make it ideal for labeling nanocelluloses and imaging them through advanced microscopy techniques for a broad range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouhanad Babi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Ayodele Fatona
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Christine Cerson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Victoria M Jarvis
- McMaster Analytical X-ray Diffraction Facility, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Tiffany Abitbol
- RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Stockholm 114 28, Sweden
| | - Jose M Moran-Mirabal
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada.,Centre for Advanced Light Microscopy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada.,Brockhouse Institute for Materials Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
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3
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Stimpson TC, Cathala B, Moreau C, Moran-Mirabal JM, Cranston ED. Xyloglucan Structure Impacts the Mechanical Properties of Xyloglucan–Cellulose Nanocrystal Layered Films—A Buckling-Based Study. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:3898-3908. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taylor C. Stimpson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada
| | | | | | - Jose M. Moran-Mirabal
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Emily D. Cranston
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada
- Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
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Yadav S, Dubey SK. Cellulose degradation potential of Paenibacillus lautus strain BHU3 and its whole genome sequence. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 262:124-131. [PMID: 29702421 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.04.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to study cellulose degradation and whole genome sequence of Paenibacillus lautus BHU3 isolate. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed genetic relatedness (99%) of Iso 7 with Paenibacillus lautus, Iso 8 with Paenibacillus lactis, and Iso 9 with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. Clear zone formation followed by CMCase and FPase assays exhibited cellulolytic potential in the order: P. lautus > P. lactis > B. amyloliquefaciens. The most potent isolate, Paenibacillus lautus strain BHU3 was subjected to whole genome analysis with reference to the genomic basis of cellulose degradation. Results showed that P. lautus strain BHU3 contains 6234 protein coding genes of which, 316 were associated with the carbohydrate metabolism. Further, genomic CAZymes analysis indicated that the P. lautus strain BHU3 comprising a range of glycoside hydrolase (GH) family genes (143), may play the vital role(s) in enhancing the cellulolytic attributes, and could be the useful tool for lignocellulosic biomass degradation and waste management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Yadav
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Suresh Kumar Dubey
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
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5
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Production of cellulose nanofibers using phenolic enhanced surface oxidation. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 174:120-127. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.06.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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6
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Perras FA, Luo H, Zhang X, Mosier NS, Pruski M, Abu-Omar MM. Atomic-Level Structure Characterization of Biomass Pre- and Post-Lignin Treatment by Dynamic Nuclear Polarization-Enhanced Solid-State NMR. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:623-630. [PMID: 28026949 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b11121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass is a promising sustainable feedstock for the production of biofuels, biomaterials, and biospecialty chemicals. However, efficient utilization of biomass has been limited by our poor understanding of its molecular structure. Here, we report a dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP)-enhanced solid-state (SS)NMR study of the molecular structure of biomass, both pre- and postcatalytic treatment. This technique enables the measurement of 2D homonuclear 13C-13C correlation SSNMR spectra under natural abundance, yielding, for the first time, an atomic-level picture of the structure of raw and catalytically treated biomass samples. We foresee that further such experiments could be used to determine structure-function relationships and facilitate the development of more efficient, and chemically targeted, biomass-conversion technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric A Perras
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy , Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Hao Luo
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, and the Center for Direct Catalytic Conversion of Biomass to Biofuels (C3Bio), Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Ximing Zhang
- Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering, Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, and the Center for Direct Catalytic Conversion of Biomass to Biofuels (C3Bio), Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Nathan S Mosier
- Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering, Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, and the Center for Direct Catalytic Conversion of Biomass to Biofuels (C3Bio), Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Marek Pruski
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy , Ames, Iowa 50011, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University , Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Mahdi M Abu-Omar
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, and the Center for Direct Catalytic Conversion of Biomass to Biofuels (C3Bio), Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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7
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Kanchanadumkerng P, Sakka M, Sakka K, Wiwat C. Characterization of endoglucanase fromPaenibacillussp. M33, a novel isolate from a freshwater swamp forest. J Basic Microbiol 2016; 57:121-131. [DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201600225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Makiko Sakka
- Applied Microbiology Laboratory; Graduate School of Bioresources; Mie University; Mie Japan
| | - Kazuo Sakka
- Applied Microbiology Laboratory; Graduate School of Bioresources; Mie University; Mie Japan
| | - Chanpen Wiwat
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Microbiology; Mahidol University; Bangkok Thailand
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