von der Ohe M, Altstaedt J, Gross U, Rink L. Human Neutrophils Produce Macrophage Inhibitory Protein-1β but Not Type I Interferons in Response to Viral Stimulation.
J Interferon Cytokine Res 2001;
21:241-7. [PMID:
11359655 DOI:
10.1089/107999001750169899]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Several cell types have been shown to produce type I interferons (IFN). Of human leukocytes, monocytes and especially type 2 dendritic cell precursors (pDC2) seem to be the main producers and also have a wide spectrum of cytokine production. However, neutrophils seem to have a limited capacity for cytokine production but possess efficient defense mechanisms vs. bacterial infection by phagocytosis and degranulation. To determine whether they also have antiviral functions, IFN-alpha and IFN-beta were measured in preparations of pure neutrophils. The capacity of neutrophils to produce type I IFN is controversial. Additionally, macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha (MIP-1alpha) and MIP-1beta were measured, as they are described to have indirect or direct antiviral activity. As stimulants, active and inactivated Newcastle disease virus (NDV), Sendai virus, and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) were used. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from the same donors were highly reactive to viral stimulation, whereas neutrophils failed to produce IFN but produced MIP-1beta in response to NDV. We conclude that neutrophils fail to prevent viral infection by IFN production but probably possess alternative mechanisms, such as secreting MIP-1beta in response to viruses.
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