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Sakuma A, Sugawara S, Hidaka H, Nakajo M, Suda Y, Shimazu T, Rose MT, Urakawa M, Zhuang T, Zhao G, Watanabe K, Nochi T, Kitazawa H, Katoh K, Suzuki K, Aso H. IL-12p40 gene expression in lung and hilar lymph nodes of MPS-resistant pigs. Anim Sci J 2020; 91:e13450. [PMID: 32881233 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mycoplasma pneumonia of swine (MPS) is caused by Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (M.hp) and is a common chronic respiratory disease of pigs. Recently, a genetically selected variant of the Landrace pig (Miyagino L2) has a lower incidence of pulmonary MPS lesions. We investigated the pathological and immunological characteristics of MPS resistance in these pigs (n = 24) by comparing with the normal landrace pig (control: n = 24). The pathological MPS lung lesion score in MPS-selected landrace pigs was significantly lower than in the control. The gene expression of interleukin (IL)-12p40, which acts as a chemoattractant and a component of the bioactive cytokines IL-12 and IL-23, was significantly higher at the hilar lymph nodes, lung, and spleen in MPS-selected landrace pigs than in control landrace pigs, and these were negatively correlated with the macroscopic MPS lung lesion score. In summary, we demonstrate that resistance against MPS in Miyagino L2 pigs is associated with IL-12p40 up-regulation, in comparison with normal landrace pigs without the MPS vaccine. In addition, a comparative study of macroscopic MPS lung lesions and IL-12p40 gene expression in lung and hilar lymph nodes may lead to beneficial selection traits for the genetic selection for MPS resistance in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Sakuma
- Miyagi Livestock Experimental Station, Osaki, Japan.,Miyagi Prefectural Sendai Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Sendai, Japan.,International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shizuka Sugawara
- International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hikaru Hidaka
- International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | | | - Yoshihito Suda
- Department of Food, Agriculture and Environment, Miyagi University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Shimazu
- Department of Food, Agriculture and Environment, Miyagi University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Michael T Rose
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Sandy Bay, TAS, Australia
| | - Megumi Urakawa
- International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Laboratory of Animal Health Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tao Zhuang
- International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Laboratory of Animal Health Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Guoqi Zhao
- Institute of Animal Culture Collection and Application, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Kouichi Watanabe
- International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Laboratory of Animal Health Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomonori Nochi
- International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Laboratory of Animal Health Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Haruki Kitazawa
- International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Laboratory of Animal Health Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kazuo Katoh
- International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Keiichi Suzuki
- International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hisashi Aso
- International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Laboratory of Animal Health Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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Kamminga T, Benis N, Martins Dos Santos V, Bijlsma JJE, Schaap PJ. Combined Transcriptome Sequencing of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and Infected Pig Lung Tissue Reveals Up-Regulation of Bacterial F1-Like ATPase and Down-Regulation of the P102 Cilium Adhesin in vivo. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1679. [PMID: 32765473 PMCID: PMC7379848 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (M. hyopneumoniae) causes enzootic pneumonia in pigs but it is still largely unknown which host-pathogen interactions enable persistent infection and cause disease. In this study, we analyzed the host and bacterial transcriptomes during infection using RNA sequencing. Comparison of the transcriptome of lung lesion tissue from infected pigs with lung tissue from non-infected animals, identified 424 differentially expressed genes (FDR < 0.01 and fold change > 1.5LOG2). These genes were part of the following major pathways of the immune system: interleukin signaling (type 4, 10, 13, and 18), regulation of Toll-like receptors by endogenous ligand and activation of C3 and C5 in the complement system. Besides analyzing the lung transcriptome, a sampling protocol was developed to obtain enough bacterial mRNA from infected lung tissue for RNA sequencing. This was done by flushing infected lobes in the lung, and subsequently enriching for bacterial RNA. On average, 2.2 million bacterial reads were obtained per biological replicate to analyze the bacterial in vivo transcriptome. We compared the in vivo bacterial transcriptome with the transcriptome of bacteria grown in vitro and identified 22 up-regulated and 30 down-regulated genes (FDR < 0.01 and fold change > 2LOG2). Six out of seven genes in the operon encoding the mycoplasma specific F1-like ATPase (MHP_RS02445-MHP_RS02475) and all genes in the operon MHP_RS01965-MHP_RS01990 with functions related to nucleotide metabolism, spermidine transport and glycerol-3-phoshate transport were up-regulated in vivo. Down-regulated in vivo were genes related to glycerol uptake, cilium adhesion (P102), cell division and myo-inositol metabolism. In addition to providing a novel method to isolate bacterial mRNA from infected lung, this study provided insights into changes in gene expression during infection, which could help development of novel treatment strategies against enzootic pneumonia caused by M. hyopneumoniae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tjerko Kamminga
- Laboratory of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands.,Bioprocess Technology and Support, MSD Animal Health, Boxmeer, Netherlands
| | - Nirupama Benis
- Laboratory of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Vitor Martins Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | | | - Peter J Schaap
- Laboratory of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
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Leal Zimmer FMDA, Paludo GP, Moura H, Barr JR, Ferreira HB. Differential secretome profiling of a swine tracheal cell line infected with mycoplasmas of the swine respiratory tract. J Proteomics 2018; 192:147-159. [PMID: 30176387 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2018.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and Mycoplasma flocculare are genetically similar. However, M. hyopneumoniae causes porcine enzootic pneumonia, while M. flocculare is a commensal bacterium. M. hyopneumoniae and M. flocculare do not penetrate their host cells, and secreted proteins are important for bacterium-host interplay. Thus, the secretomes of a swine trachea cell line (NPTr) infected with M. hyopneumoniae 7448 (a pathogenic strain), M. hyopneumoniae J (a non-pathogenic strain) and M. flocculare were compared to shed light in bacterium-host interactions. Medium from the cultures was collected, and secreted proteins were identified by a LC-MS/MS. Overall numbers of identified host and bacterial proteins were, respectively, 488 and 58, for NPTr/M. hyopneumoniae 7448; 371 and 67, for NPTr/M. hyopneumoniae J; and 203 and 81, for NPTr/M. flocculare. The swine cells revealed different secretion profiles in response to the infection with each M. hyopneumoniae strain or with M. flocculare. DAMPs and extracellular proteasome proteins, secreted in response to cell injury and death, were secreted by NPTr cells infected with M. hyopneumoniae 7448. All three mycoplasmas secreted virulence factors during NPTr infection, but M. hyopneumoniae 7448 secreted higher number of adhesins and hypothetical proteins, that may be related with pathogenicity. SIGNIFICANCE: The enzootic pneumonia caused by mycoplasmas of swine respiratory tract has economic loss consequences in pig industry due to antibiotic costs and pig weight loss. However, some genetically similar mycoplasmas are pathogenic while others, such as Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and Mycoplasma flocculare, are non-pathogenic. Here, we conducted an infection assay between swine cells and pathogenic and non-pathogenic mycoplasmas to decipher secreted proteins during host-pathogen interaction. Mycoplasma response to cell infection was also observed. Our study provided new insights on secretion profile of swine cells in response to the infection with pathogenic and non-pathogenic mycoplasmas. It was possible to observe that pathogenic M. hyopneumoniae 7448 secreted known virulence factors and swine cells responded by inducing cell death. Otherwise, M. hyopneumoniae J and M. flocculare, non-pathogenic mycoplasmas, secreted a different profile of virulence factors in response to swine cells. Consequently, swine cells altered their secretome profile, but the changes were not sufficient to cause disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Munhoz Dos Anjos Leal Zimmer
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural e Funcional, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Prado Paludo
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural e Funcional, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Hercules Moura
- Biological Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Clinical Chemistry Branch, Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - John R Barr
- Biological Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Clinical Chemistry Branch, Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Henrique Bunselmeyer Ferreira
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural e Funcional, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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Abstract
Swine are used in biomedical research as models for biomedical research and for teaching. This chapter covers normative biology and behavior along with common and emerging swine diseases. Xenotransplantation is discussed along with similarities and differences of swine immunology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristi L. Helke
- Departments of Comparative Medicine and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | | | - Raimon Duran-Struuck
- Columbia Center of Translational Immunology, Department of Surgery; Institute of Comparative Medicine; Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - M. Michael Swindle
- Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Comparative Medicine and Department of Surgery, Charleston, SC, USA
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Jorge S, de Oliveira NR, Marchioro SB, Fisch A, Gomes CK, Hartleben CP, Conceição FR, Dellagostin OA. The Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae recombinant heat shock protein P42 induces an immune response in pigs under field conditions. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2014; 37:229-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2014.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Revised: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Muneta Y, Minagawa Y, Kusumoto M, Shinkai H, Uenishi H, Splichal I. Development of allele-specific primer PCR for a swine TLR2 SNP and comparison of the frequency among several pig breeds of Japan and the Czech Republic. J Vet Med Sci 2011; 74:553-9. [PMID: 22156387 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.11-0304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we have developed an allele-specific primer-polymerase chain reaction (ASP-PCR) for genotyping a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of swine Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) (C406G), which is related to the prevalence of pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. We also compared the allele frequency among several pig breeds of Japan and the Czech Republic. Allele-specific primers were constructed by introducing 1-base mismatch sequence before the SNP site. The swine TLR2 C406G mutation was successfully determined by the ASP-PCR using genomic DNA samples in Japan as previously genotyped by a sequencing method. Using the PCR condition determined, genomic DNA samples from pig blood obtained from 110 pigs from 7 different breeds in the Czech Republic were genotyped by the ASP-PCR. The genotyping results from the ASP-PCR were completely matched with the results from the sequencing method. The allele frequency of the swine TLR2 C406G mutation was 27.5% in the Czech Republic and 3.6% in Japan. The C406G mutation was only found in the Landrace breed in Japan, and was almost exclusively found in the Landrace breed in the Czech Republic as well. These results indicated the usefulness of ASP-PCR for detecting a specific SNP for swine TLR2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Muneta
- Pathology and Pathophysiology Research Division, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 3-1-5, Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0856, Japan.
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Gotsch F, Romero R, Chaiworapongsa T, Erez O, Vaisbuch E, Espinoza J, Kusanovic JP, Mittal P, Mazaki-Tovi S, Kim CJ, Kim JS, Edwin S, Nhan-Chang CL, Hamill N, Friel L, Than NG, Mazor M, Yoon BH, Hassan SS. Evidence of the involvement of caspase-1 under physiologic and pathologic cellular stress during human pregnancy: a link between the inflammasome and parturition. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2009; 21:605-16. [PMID: 18828051 DOI: 10.1080/14767050802212109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Caspase-1 is a component of the NALP3 inflammasome, a cytosolic multiprotein complex that mediates the processing of pro-inflammatory caspases and cytokines. The inflammasome represents the first line of defense against cellular stress and is a crucial component of innate immunity. Caspase-1 is the enzyme responsible for the cleavage and activation of interleukin (IL)-1 beta, which is a potent pro-inflammatory cytokine, and plays a central role in the mechanisms leading to labor (preterm and term) particularly in the context of intrauterine infection/inflammation. In addition, caspase-1 cleaves IL-18 and IL-33. The objectives of this study were to determine whether there is a relationship between amniotic fluid concentrations of caspase-1 and gestational age, parturition (term and preterm), and intra-amniotic infection/inflammation (IAI). STUDY DESIGN A cross-sectional study was conducted including 143 pregnant women in the following groups: (1) mid-trimester of pregnancy (n = 18); (2) term not in labor (n = 25); (3) term in labor (n = 28); (4) preterm labor (PTL) who delivered at term (n = 23); (5) PTL without IAI who delivered preterm (n = 32); (6) PTL with IAI who delivered preterm neonates (n = 17). Caspase-1 concentrations in amniotic fluid were determined by a specific and sensitive immunoassay. Non-parametric statistics were used for analysis. RESULTS (1) Caspase-1 was detected in amniotic fluid of women at term, but in none of the mid-trimester samples. (2) Patients in labor at term had a significantly higher median amniotic fluid concentration of caspase-1 than women at term not in labor (term in labor: 10.5 pg/mL, range 0.0-666.0 vs. term not in labor: 5.99 pg/mL, range 0.0-237.4; p < 0.05). (3) Among patients with spontaneous PTL, those with IAI (median 41.4 pg/mL, range 0.0-515.0) had a significantly higher median amniotic fluid caspase-1 concentration than those without IAI who delivered preterm (median 0.0 pg/mL, range 0.0-78.4) and than those who delivered at term (median 0.0 pg/mL, range 0.0-199.5); p < 0.001 for both comparisons. CONCLUSIONS (1) The presence and concentration of caspase-1 in the amniotic fluid varies as a function of gestational age. (2) Women with spontaneous labor at term had a higher median caspase-1 amniotic fluid concentration than women at term without labor. This suggests that the inflammasome may be activated in spontaneous parturition at term. Since most women with labor do not have intra-amniotic infection, we propose that cellular stress during labor accounts for activation of the inflammasome. (3) Preterm labor associated with infection/inflammation was also associated with a high concentration of caspase-1, suggesting that infection may induce caspase-1 production and activation of the inflammasome. (4) The sequential activation of the inflammasome and caspase-1, leading to interleukin-1 beta processing and secretion, is a candidate pathway leading to the activation of the common pathway of parturition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Gotsch
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Muneta Y, Minagawa Y, Shimoji Y, Ogawa Y, Hikono H, Mori Y. Immune response of gnotobiotic piglets against Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. J Vet Med Sci 2009; 70:1065-70. [PMID: 18981662 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.70.1065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, several cytokine responses were investigated during Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (Mhp) infection using a gnotobiotic infection model. We found that several inflammatory cytokines (IL-1beta, IL-8, IL-18, and TNF-alpha) and an anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 were induced from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of germ-free (GF) piglets stimulated with heat killed Mhp whole antigens, but no IFN-gamma and IL-4 were induced by Mhp. After the intranasal infection of Mhp, IL-1beta, IL-8, IL-18, and IFN-gamma were also detected in the broncho-alveolar lavage fluids (BALF). The antigen-specific IFN-gamma and IL-10 responses after infection of Mhp were gradually suppressed during Mhp infection as well as non-specific immune response to concanavalin A (ConA) and lipopolysacchalide (LPS) at early stage of infection. These results suggested that Mhp infection modulates the immune response of pigs by inducing several cytokines, and causes immuno-suppression of pigs in a gnotobiotic condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Muneta
- Research Team for Advanced Biologicals, National Institute of Animal Health, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
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Muneta Y, Panicker IS, Kanci A, Craick D, Noormohammadi AH, Bean A, Browning GF, Markham PF. Development and immunogenicity of recombinant Mycoplasma gallisepticum vaccine strain ts-11 expressing chicken IFN-γ. Vaccine 2008; 26:5449-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.07.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2008] [Revised: 07/15/2008] [Accepted: 07/27/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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