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Yao CB, Feng L, Wu P, Liu Y, Jiang J, Zhang L, Mi HF, Zhou XQ, Jiang WD. Promotion of fatty acid metabolism and glucose metabolism in the muscle of sub-adult grass carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idella): The role of alpha-linoleic acid/linoleic acid (ALA/LNA) ratios. Food Chem X 2023; 19:100752. [PMID: 37384144 PMCID: PMC10293787 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The n6/n3 ratios improved meat quality of terrestrial animals, but alpha-linolenic acid/linoleic acid (ALA/LNA) ratios were rarely studied in aquatic animals. In this study, sub-adult grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) were fed diets fed diets containing six varying ALA/LNA ratios (0.03, 0.47, 0.92, 1.33, 1.69, and 2.15) for 9 weeks and the total value of n3 + n6 (1.98) was kept constant for all six treatments. The results indicated optimal ALA/LNA ratio improved growth performance, changed fatty acid composition in grass carp muscle, and promoted glucose metabolism. Additionally, optimal ALA/LNA ratio improved chemical attributes by increasing crude protein and lipid contents, and technological attributes by increasing pH24h value and shear force in grass carp muscle. The signaling pathways related to fatty acid metabolism and glucose metabolism (LXRα/SREBP-1, PPARα, PPARγ, AMPK) might be responsible for these changes. Dietary optimal ALA/LNA ratio based on PWG, UFA and glucose contents was 1.03, 0.88 and 0.92, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Bei Yao
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Lin Feng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Pei Wu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Tongwei Co., Ltd., Chengdu, China
- Healthy Aquaculture Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan 610041, China
| | | | - Xiao-Qiu Zhou
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Wei-Dan Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan 611130, China
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Schneider-Matyka D, Cybulska AM, Szkup M, Pilarczyk B, Panczyk M, Lubkowska A, Sadowska N, Grochans E. Selenium as a Factor Moderating Depression and Obesity in Middle-Aged Women. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071594. [PMID: 37049434 PMCID: PMC10096999 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of serum selenium on PPAR-γ and the selected proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) in relation to depressive symptoms and obesity in middle-aged women. The research procedure was as follows: a survey was performed using the authors’ questionnaire and the BDI, anthropometric measurements, and the analysis of blood for the levels of selenium, cytokines, and genetic analysis of the PPAR-γ polymorphism (n = 443). It was found that the BMI increased along with the concentration of IL-6. No moderating effect of selenium was observed, although the cut-off values for “p” were established for IL-β*Se (p = 0.068) and IL-6*Se (p = 0.068), so there was a potential association with these two markers. At high selenium levels, the effect of higher IL-β levels on a decrease in BMI was stronger, as was the effect of an increase in IL-6 levels on an increase in BMI. No effect of selenium on PPAR-γ was found in relation to depressive symptoms and obesity. Higher selenium levels may have a beneficial effect on BMI even at high IL-β concentrations, however, at high IL-6 concentrations, this effect was not observed. Selenium levels had no impact on depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Schneider-Matyka
- Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska Str. 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-914-800-910
| | - Anna Maria Cybulska
- Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska Str. 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Szkup
- Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska Str. 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Bogumiła Pilarczyk
- Department of Animal Reproduction Biotechnology and Environmental Hygiene, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Klemensa Janickiego Str. 29, 71-217 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Mariusz Panczyk
- Department of Education and Research in Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, Litewska Str. 14/16, 00-581 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Lubkowska
- Department of Functional Diagnostics and Physical Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska Str. 54, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Nikola Sadowska
- Department of Animal Reproduction Biotechnology and Environmental Hygiene, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Klemensa Janickiego Str. 29, 71-217 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Grochans
- Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska Str. 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
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3
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Fehsel K, Christl J. Comorbidity of osteoporosis and Alzheimer's disease: Is `AKT `-ing on cellular glucose uptake the missing link? Ageing Res Rev 2022; 76:101592. [PMID: 35192961 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are both degenerative diseases. Osteoporosis often proceeds cognitive deficits, and multiple studies have revealed common triggers that lead to energy deficits in brain and bone. Risk factors for osteoporosis and AD, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, aging, chemotherapy, vitamin deficiency, alcohol abuse, and apolipoprotein Eε4 and/or Il-6 gene variants, reduce cellular glucose uptake, and protective factors, such as estrogen, insulin, exercise, mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors, hydrogen sulfide, and most phytochemicals, increase uptake. Glucose uptake is a fine-tuned process that depends on an abundance of glucose transporters (Gluts) on the cell surface. Gluts are stored in vesicles under the plasma membrane, and protective factors cause these vesicles to fuse with the membrane, resulting in presentation of Gluts on the cell surface. This translocation depends mainly on AKT kinase signaling and can be affected by a range of factors. Reduced AKT kinase signaling results in intracellular glucose deprivation, which causes endoplasmic reticulum stress and iron depletion, leading to activation of HIF-1α, the transcription factor necessary for higher Glut expression. The link between diseases and aging is a topic of growing interest. Here, we show that diseases that affect the same biochemical pathways tend to co-occur, which may explain why osteoporosis and/or diabetes are often associated with AD.
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Abachi S, Pilon G, Marette A, Bazinet L, Beaulieu L. Immunomodulatory effects of fish peptides on cardiometabolic syndrome associated risk factors: A review. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2021.2014861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Soheila Abachi
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Université Laval, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Geneviève Pilon
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cardiology Axis of the Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | - André Marette
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cardiology Axis of the Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Laurent Bazinet
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Université Laval, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lucie Beaulieu
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Université Laval, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
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Luo Z, Li T, Gao Q, Chen Y, Su G, Zhao Y. Impact of licochalcone A on the progression of diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus of C57BL/6 mice. Food Funct 2021; 12:10676-10689. [PMID: 34605512 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01630j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the most common chronic microvascular complication of diabetes. Therefore, it is of great significance to effectively prevent and treat DN. Licochalcone A (LicA) is a flavonoid found in licorice; previous studies have shown that LicA can reduce blood glucose, blood lipids and improve insulin resistance. There has been no research on whether LicA can prevent and treat DN. In this study, an animal model of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) mice induced by high fat diet/streptozotocin was established, and the intervention of LicA was applied to investigate the protective effect of LicA on the kidneys of DN mice. After 4 weeks of intervention, LicA could effectively reduce blood glucose and alleviate the phenomenon of weight loss in mice. Meanwhile, the levels of MDA, SOD and GSH-Px in the kidney tissue and serum were recovered to different degrees. Besides, LicA decreased the levels of TC, TG and LDL-C in the kidney tissue and increased the level of HDL-C in the kidney tissue. The 24 h urinary protein, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (SCr) levels of mice in the treatment group of LicA were significantly lower than those in the model group. Furthermore, HE staining, PAS staining and Masson staining indicated that LicA improved the pathological damage of kidneys, and the kidney index of mice also decreased. Western blotting results indicated that LicA could significantly down-regulate the protein expression of AGEs/RAGE, TGF-β1, HIF-1α and GLUT1, and up-regulate the protein expression of Nrf2. It provides a theoretical basis for the further development and utilization of LicA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghua Luo
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Tao Li
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Qingqing Gao
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Yu Chen
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Guangyue Su
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Yuqing Zhao
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China. .,Key Laboratory of Structure-based Drug Design and Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
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6
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Pescador N, Francisco V, Vázquez P, Esquinas EM, González-Páramos C, Valdecantos MP, García-Martínez I, Urrutia AA, Ruiz L, Escalona-Garrido C, Foretz M, Viollet B, Fernández-Moreno MÁ, Calle-Pascual AL, Obregón MJ, Aragonés J, Valverde ÁM. Metformin reduces macrophage HIF1α-dependent proinflammatory signaling to restore brown adipocyte function in vitro. Redox Biol 2021; 48:102171. [PMID: 34736121 PMCID: PMC8577482 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic potential of metformin in obese/diabetic patients has been associated to its ability to combat insulin resistance. However, it remains largely unknown the signaling pathways involved and whether some cell types are particularly relevant for its beneficial effects. M1-activation of macrophages by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) promotes a paracrine activation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF1α) in brown adipocytes which reduces insulin signaling and glucose uptake, as well as β-adrenergic sensitivity. Addition of metformin to M1-polarized macrophages blunted these signs of brown adipocyte dysfunction. At the molecular level, metformin inhibits an inflammatory program executed by HIF1α in macrophages by inducing its degradation through the inhibition of mitochondrial complex I activity, thereby reducing oxygen consumption in a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-independent manner. In obese mice, metformin reduced inflammatory features in brown adipose tissue (BAT) such as macrophage infiltration, proinflammatory signaling and gene expression, and restored the response to cold exposure. In conclusion, the impact of metformin on macrophages by suppressing a HIF1α-dependent proinflammatory program is likely responsible for a secondary beneficial effect on insulin-mediated glucose uptake and β-adrenergic responses in brown adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Pescador
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERdem), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Vera Francisco
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Vázquez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERdem), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva María Esquinas
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina González-Páramos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERer), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Pilar Valdecantos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERdem), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irma García-Martínez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERdem), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrés A Urrutia
- Research Unit, Hospital de La Princesa, Instituto Investigación Sanitaria Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Ruiz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERdem), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Escalona-Garrido
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERdem), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marc Foretz
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, F-75014, Paris, France
| | - Benoit Viollet
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, F-75014, Paris, France
| | - Miguel Ángel Fernández-Moreno
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERer), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfonso L Calle-Pascual
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERdem), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Jesús Obregón
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Julián Aragonés
- Research Unit, Hospital de La Princesa, Instituto Investigación Sanitaria Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERcv), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángela M Valverde
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERdem), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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Abstract
This Review focuses on the mechanistic evidence for a link between obesity, dysregulated cellular metabolism and breast cancer. Strong evidence now links obesity with the development of 13 different types of cancer, including oestrogen receptor-positive breast cancer in postmenopausal women. A number of local and systemic changes are hypothesized to support this relationship, including increased circulating levels of insulin and glucose as well as adipose tissue-derived oestrogens, adipokines and inflammatory mediators. Metabolic pathways of energy production and utilization are dysregulated in tumour cells and this dysregulation is a newly accepted hallmark of cancer. Dysregulated metabolism is also hypothesized to be a feature of non-neoplastic cells in the tumour microenvironment. Obesity-associated factors regulate metabolic pathways in both breast cancer cells and cells in the breast microenvironment, which provides a molecular link between obesity and breast cancer. Consequently, interventions that target these pathways might provide a benefit in postmenopausal women and individuals with obesity, a population at high risk of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristy A Brown
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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8
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Schweighofer N, Genser B, Maerz W, Kleber ME, Trummer O, Pieber TR, Obermayer-Pietsch B. Intronic Variants in OCT1 are Associated with All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality in Metformin Users with Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:2069-2080. [PMID: 32606866 PMCID: PMC7308180 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s235663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Organic cation transporters (Octs) use cations like endogenous compounds, toxins, and drugs, such as metformin, as substrates. Therefore, these proteins determine the pharmacokinetics and -dynamics of metformin and thus its efficacy. Of note, metformin is today the most commonly used pharmaceutical in the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) with nevertheless a great variability in clinical response, which attributes to genetic variances. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of intronic OCT1 SNPs on prevalence of all-cause and cardiovascular death. PATIENTS AND METHODS Genotypes of 27 intronic SNPs in OCT1 were investigated in the LURIC study, a prospective cohort of 3316 participants scheduled for coronary angiography. We investigated whether these variants were associated with all-cause and cardiovascular death in 73 individuals with T2DM under metformin therapy, in individuals without diabetes, individuals with T2DM and individuals with T2DM without metformin therapy. RESULTS In a multivariate Cox regression analysis adjusted for classical cardiovascular risk factors, 4 intronic OCT1 SNPs were significantly associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in individuals with T2DM on metformin therapy. CONCLUSION According to their OCT1 genotype, some individuals with T2DM on metformin therapy might be prone to an increased risk of cardiovascular death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natascha Schweighofer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
- CBmed GmbH, Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine, Graz, Austria
| | - Bernd Genser
- BG Stats Consulting, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine, Medical Faculty of Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Winfried Maerz
- Medical Clinic V (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- SynLaboratory Academy, SynLaboratory Holding Deutschland GmbH, Mannheim and Augsburg, Germany
| | - Marcus E Kleber
- Medical Clinic V (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Olivia Trummer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Thomas R Pieber
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
- CBmed GmbH, Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine, Graz, Austria
| | - Barbara Obermayer-Pietsch
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
- CBmed GmbH, Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine, Graz, Austria
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Wang N, Xu TY, Zhang X, Li JY, Wang YX, Guo XC, Li SM, Wang WF, Li DS. Improving hyperglycemic effect of FGF-21 is associated with alleviating inflammatory state in diabetes. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 56:301-309. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.01.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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10
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Zwezdaryk K, Sullivan D, Saifudeen Z. The p53/Adipose-Tissue/Cancer Nexus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:457. [PMID: 30158901 PMCID: PMC6104444 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and the resultant metabolic complications have been associated with an increased risk of cancer. In addition to the systemic metabolic disturbances in obesity that are associated with cancer initiation and progression, the presence of adipose tissue in the tumor microenvironment (TME) contributes significantly to malignancy through direct cell-cell interaction or paracrine signaling. This chronic inflammatory state can be maintained by p53-associated mechanisms. Increased p53 levels that are observed in obesity exacerbate the release of inflammatory cytokines that fuel cancer initiation and progression. Dysregulated adipose tissue signaling from the TME can reprogram tumor cell metabolism. The links between p53, cellular metabolism and adipose tissue dysfunction and how they relate to cancer, will be presented in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Zwezdaryk
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
- *Correspondence: Kevin Zwezdaryk
| | - Deborah Sullivan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Deborah Sullivan
| | - Zubaida Saifudeen
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Nephrology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Zubaida Saifudeen
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Increased Gustatory Response Score in Obesity and Association Levels with IL-6 and Leptin. J Nutr Metab 2016; 2016:7924052. [PMID: 27413547 PMCID: PMC4928000 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7924052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the circulating IL-6 and leptin levels with taste alteration in young obese patients. Methods. A retrospective case-control study was conducted in thirty obese patients and thirty age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Results. Circulating levels of IL-6 and leptin were significantly increased in obese patients than in controls. However, catalase and ORAC levels were significantly decreased in obese patients compared to controls. Additionally, obese participants had high scores for the detection of fats (gustatory response scores [GRS]; p < 0.001). Moreover, IL-6 and leptin were strongly associated with GRS alteration among patients with GRS 4 (resp., OR =17.5 [95% CI, 1.56–193.32; p = 0.007]; OR = 16 [95% CI, 1.69–151.11; p = 0.006]). For the Mantel-Haenszel common odds ratio estimate (MH OR), IL-6 and leptin were strongly associated with obesity, in patients with either GRS 4 or GRS > 4 (resp., MH OR = 8.77 [95% CI, 2.06–37.44; p = 0.003]; MH OR = 5.76 [95% CI, 1.64–20.24; p = 0.006]). Conclusions. In a low grade inflammation linked to obesity, taste alteration is associated with high levels of IL-6 and leptin.
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12
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Donma MM, Donma O. Promising link between selenium and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma in the treatment protocols of obesity as well as depression. Med Hypotheses 2016; 89:79-83. [PMID: 26968915 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2016.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Revised: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Considerable interest has been given to the significance of peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs) in macronutrient metabolism, however, there is not sufficient data concerning the interactions between PPARs and micronutrients. Investigations performed on PPARγ and one of the essential micronutrients selenium (Se) have shown that both parameters may lead to alterations in obesity-related or mood disorders. Therefore, it is plausible to consider PPARγ and Se together as a powerful combination during the treatment of two associated diseases; obesity and depression. PPARγ has been shown to be involved in the antidepressant-like activity. It is also an important parameter to be considered in obesity as the master regulator of adipogenesis. The mechanism of action of PPARγ is initiated by ligand binding which induces a conformational change in the receptor. Se is capable of alleviating inflammatory signaling pathways. Obesity is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation. Depression is also defined as an inflammatory disorder. Inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) participate in the progression of depression. They are also obesity-associated parameters. Due to TNFα induced depressive-like behaviors and the positive association between this proinflammatory cytokine and obesity, TNFα-activated signaling pathways and those inhibiting them have recently gained importance as potential targets and therapeutic tools, respectively. More studies are necessary to develop compounds with therapeutic nature against depressive disorders and obesity. PPARγ is an important signaling pathway that occurs at the crossroads of depression and obesity. Se, aside from its anti-inflammatory, anticarcinogenic and antioxidative nature, affects also the way of PPARγ action. Se supplementation or fortification as well as the development of the partial agonists of PPARγ in which lipophilic Se compounds are used as ligand followed by experimental trials and human studies using the newly developed compounds will be promising approaches for future hope during the treatment of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Donma
- Namik Kemal University, Faculty of Medicine, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - O Donma
- Istanbul University, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
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Wang X, Simpson ER, Brown KA. p53: Protection against Tumor Growth beyond Effects on Cell Cycle and Apoptosis. Cancer Res 2015; 75:5001-7. [PMID: 26573797 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-0563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The tumor suppressor p53 has established functions in cancer. Specifically, it has been shown to cause cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis in response to DNA damage. It is also one of the most commonly mutated or silenced genes in cancer and for this reason has been extensively studied. Recently, the role of p53 has been shown to go beyond its effects on cell cycle and apoptosis, with effects on metabolism emerging as a key contributor to cancer growth in situations where p53 is lost. Beyond this, the role of p53 in the tumor microenvironment is poorly understood. The publication by Wang and colleagues demonstrates for the first time that p53 is a key negative regulator of aromatase and, hence, estrogen production in the breast tumor microenvironment. It goes further by demonstrating that an important regulator of aromatase, the obesity-associated and tumor-derived factor prostaglandin E2, inhibits p53 in the breast adipose stroma. This review presents these findings in the context of established and emerging roles of p53 and discusses possible implications for the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyi Wang
- Metabolism and Cancer Laboratory, Centres for Cancer Research and Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia. Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Evan R Simpson
- Metabolism and Cancer Laboratory, Centres for Cancer Research and Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kristy A Brown
- Metabolism and Cancer Laboratory, Centres for Cancer Research and Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia. Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
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