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Gastroprotective Effect of Juanislamin on Ethanol-Induced Gastric Lesions in Rats: Role of Prostaglandins, Nitric Oxide and Sulfhydryl Groups in the Mechanism of Action. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25092246. [PMID: 32397642 PMCID: PMC7248697 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25092246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptic ulcer disease, the most common gastrointestinal disorder, is currently treated with several types of drugs, but all have severe side effects. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the gastroprotective activity of juanislamin, isolated from Calea urticifolia, in a rat model of ethanol-induced gastric lesions. Thirty minutes after orally administering a given dose of juanislamin (from 1 to 30 mg/kg) or carbenoxolone (the reference drug, at 1–100 mg/kg) to rats, 1 mL of ethanol was applied, and the animals were sacrificed 2 h later. The stomachs were removed and opened to measure the total area of lesions in each. To examine the possible participation of prostaglandins, nitric oxide and/or sulfhydryl groups in the mechanism of action of juanislamin, the rats received indomethacin, NG-Nitro-l-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (l-NAME) or N-ethylmaleimide pretreatment, respectively, before being given juanislamin and undergoing the rest of the methodology. Juanislamin inhibited gastric lesions produced by ethanol in a non-dose-dependent manner, showing the maximum gastroprotective effect (100%) at 10 mg/kg. The activity of juanislamin was not modified by pretreatment with indomethacin, l-NAME or N-ethylmaleimide. In conclusion, juanislamin protected the gastric mucosa from ethanol-induced damage, and its mechanism of action apparently does not involve prostaglandins, nitric oxide or sulfhydryl groups.
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Mohan S, Hobani YH, Shaheen E, Abou-Elhamd AS, Abdelhaleem A, Alhazmi HA, Abdelwahab SI. Girinimbine from curry leaves promotes gastro protection against ethanol induced peptic ulcers and improves healing via regulation of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms. Food Funct 2020; 11:3493-3505. [PMID: 32248216 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00053a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Curry leaves (Murraya koenigii) are a leafy spice used in Indian cookery for its fragrant aroma. Many bioactive functional compounds have been identified, and among them carbazole alkaloids have attracted wide attention due to their multi-dimensional medicinal value. Even though it has been established that the carbazole alkaloid is responsible for the anti-ulcer effect showed by this culinary herb, there is no further evidence to say which phytochemical is responsible for this. In the present study, we investigated the gastro-protective effects and mechanism of girinimbine, a major carbazole alkaloid present in curry leaves. Rats were administered with ethanol to produce gastric ulcers, and the prophylactic effect of girinimbine was evaluated. A macroscopic and histological examination was carried out to examine the lesions. Furthermore, the mucus production, NO production, PGE2 synthesis, mucosal nonprotein sulphydryls, glutathione (GSH) level, lipid peroxidation (MDA) level and COX inhibition were assessed. In addition, in particular, TNF-α and IL-6, two important cytokines, were evaluated. Immunohistochemical and gene expression studies were conducted to determine the HSP70 and iNOS biomarkers. Our results indicated that girinimbine significantly reduced the ulcer index and totally safeguarded the mucosa from lesions. The protective effect of girinimbine was complemented through the restoration of the reduced GSH and NP-SH level. This was associated with a reduction of MDA, which was elevated by the administration of ethanol. Pre-treatment of the ethanol induced ulcer with girinimbine reduced the NO concentration in the plasma and elevated PGE2 together with a decreased level of TNF-α and IL-6. Girinimbine had shown suppressing effects on COX-2 enzymes, but not on COX-1. In addition, significantly upregulated HSP70 and downregulated iNOS were observed in girinimbine treated rat tissue at both the transcriptional and translational level. Our results clearly indicated that girinimbine displayed a significant gastro-protection effect, via the capacity to inhibit inflammatory responses and antioxidant potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syam Mohan
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, PO Box 114 Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Yahya Hasan Hobani
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, Jazan University, PO Box 114 Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emad Shaheen
- Medical Research Centre, Jazan University, PO Box 114 Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa Sayed Abou-Elhamd
- Department of Respiratory care, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, PO Box 114 Jazan, Saudi Arabia and Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Egypt
| | - Aymen Abdelhaleem
- Medical Research Centre, Jazan University, PO Box 114 Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan A Alhazmi
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, PO Box 114 Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
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Meng J, Chen T, Zhao Y, Lu S, Yu H, Chang Y, Chen D. Study of the mechanism of anti-ulcer effects of virgin coconut oil on gastric ulcer-induced rat model. Arch Med Sci 2019; 15:1329-1335. [PMID: 31572481 PMCID: PMC6764319 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2018.76943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aims to evaluate the gastro-protective effects of virgin coconut oil (VCO) on different ulcer models as compared to the standard drug (omeprazole). MATERIAL AND METHODS Three groups of rats (6 rats per group for each ulcer model) were pre-treated with distilled water for the negative control group, 30 mg/kg of omeprazole for the positive control group and VCO (2 ml per rat) for the treatment group. Animals were pre-treated for 7 days and ulcers were induced with cold restraint stress, piroxicam, ethanol and pylorus ligation. On day eight, animals were sacrificed and ulcer scores were determined based on macroscopic evaluation. The gastric volume, pH, total acidity and mucus content were measured in the pylorus-ligated model. The levels of antioxidants were determined from the gastric tissue homogenates. RESULTS Virgin coconut oil significantly (p < 0.001) inhibited the ulceration caused by different inducers. The percentage of inhibition for the VCO-treated group was 78.3%, 84.7%, 72.7% and 73.1%, while for the omeprazole-treated group it was 60.8%, 61.5%, 59% and 53.8% in cold restraint stress, ethanol, piroxicam and pylorus-ligated ulcer models, respectively. Virgin coconut oil significantly (p < 0.001) inhibited gastric juice volume and total acidity for VCO and omeprazole treated groups as compared to the non-treated negative control group. Moreover, VCO and omeprazole caused a significant (p < 0.001) increase of gastric mucus content and pH. Virgin coconut oil also proved to have significantly increased glutathione (GSH) and nitrite levels, whereas the levels of SOD, GP, MDA and CAT were significantly (p < 0.001) reduced by VCO relative to the control group. Virgin coconut oil also significantly (p < 0.001) increased the level of prostaglandin in rat tissue homogenate, similar to the omeprazole treated group. CONCLUSIONS Virgin coconut oil shows a possible association with antioxidant properties to control the regulation of prostaglandin synthesis and protect against reactive oxygen species damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Meng
- Department of Orthopedic, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Taoping Chen
- Department of Orthopedic, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Sucai Lu
- Department of Orthopedic, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Huiling Yu
- Department of Orthopedic, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Ying Chang
- Department of Orthopedic, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Dalei Chen
- Department of Orthopedic, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China
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Da Silva BJM, Hage AAP, Silva EO, Rodrigues APD. Medicinal plants from the Brazilian Amazonian region and their antileishmanial activity: a review. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE-JIM 2018; 16:211-222. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Gastroprotective Mechanism and Ulcer Resolution Effect of Cyrtocarpa procera Methanolic Extract on Ethanol-Induced Gastric Injury. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:2862706. [PMID: 29507589 PMCID: PMC5817374 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2862706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Gastric ulcers are a worldwide health problem and their poor healing is one of the most important causes for their recurrence. We have previously reported the remarkable gastroprotective and anti-Helicobacter pylori activities of the methanolic extract (CpMet) of Cyrtocarpa procera bark. This work investigates, in a murine model, the CpMet gastroprotective mechanism and establishes its preclinical efficacy in the resolution of ethanol-induced gastric ulcers. The results showed that the gastroprotective activity of CpMet is mainly associated with endogenous NO and prostaglandins, followed by sulfhydryl groups and KATP channels. Furthermore, CpMet (300 mg/kg, twice a day) orally administered during 20 consecutive days promoted an ulcer area reduction of 62.65% at the 20th day of the treatment. The effect was confirmed macroscopically by the alleviation of gastric mucosal erosions and microscopically by an increase in mucin content and a reduction in the inflammatory infiltration at the site of the ulcer. No clinical symptoms or signs of toxicity were observed in the treated animals. The results indicate the safety and efficacy of CpMet in promoting high quality of ulcer healing by different mechanisms, but mostly through cytoprotective and anti-inflammatory effects, making it a promising phytodrug for ulcer treatment.
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Vidal CS, Oliveira Brito Pereira Bezerra Martins A, de Alencar Silva A, de Oliveira MRC, Ribeiro-Filho J, de Albuquerque TR, Coutinho HDM, da Silva Almeida JRG, Quintans LJ, de Menezes IRA. Gastroprotective effect and mechanism of action of Croton rhamnifolioides essential oil in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 89:47-55. [PMID: 28214687 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Croton rhamnifolioides Pax is a plant species that have been used in the folk medicine to treat ulcers, inflammations and hypertension. However, despite the relevant data obtained from ethnopharmacological studies, the pharmacological properties endorsing the efficacy of this plant to treat ulcer remain to be elucidated. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE The present study aimed to characterize the chemical profile and evaluate the gastroprotective activity of the essential oil obtained from C. rhamnifolioides Pax (OECC) in mice. METHODS The essential oil of Croton rhamnifolioides was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas-phase chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The median lethal dose was determined employing an acute toxicity test. The gastroprotective activity of the OECC was investigated using animal models of gastric ulcer induced by the administration of absolute ethanol, acidified ethanol or indomethacin. Mechanisms of action were investigated using the physical barrier test and by in vivo evaluation of the involvement of the following molecular pathways: nitric oxide, ATP - dependent potassium channels, α2 - noradrenergic receptors, capsaicin - sensitive afferent neurons and opioid receptor. RESULTS We identified the presence of 21 compounds in OECC, including spathulenol and 1,8 - cineole as major constituents. In orally administered mice, OECC caused no significant toxicity. OECC significantly prevented gastric lesions in all mice models. The barrier test demonstrated that the gastroprotective activity of OECC occurs in a systemic dimension. Our results demonstrated that the gastroprotective effect of OECC involves mechanisms that are related to modulation of opioid receptors and nitric oxide. CONCLUSION In conclusion, OECC demonstrated significant gastroprotective activity associated with low toxicity, providing scientific evidences that C. rhamnifolioides have the potential for the development of new antiulcer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinara Soares Vidal
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Molecular Chemistry, Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri, Cel Antonio Luis 1161, Pimenta, 63105-000, Crato, CE, Brazil; Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, 49100-000, Aracaju, SE, Brazil.
| | - Anita Oliveira Brito Pereira Bezerra Martins
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Molecular Chemistry, Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri, Cel Antonio Luis 1161, Pimenta, 63105-000, Crato, CE, Brazil; Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, 49100-000, Aracaju, SE, Brazil.
| | - Andressa de Alencar Silva
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Molecular Chemistry, Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri, Cel Antonio Luis 1161, Pimenta, 63105-000, Crato, CE, Brazil; Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, 49100-000, Aracaju, SE, Brazil.
| | - Maria Rayane Correia de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Molecular Chemistry, Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri, Cel Antonio Luis 1161, Pimenta, 63105-000, Crato, CE, Brazil; Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, 49100-000, Aracaju, SE, Brazil.
| | - Jaime Ribeiro-Filho
- Leao Sampaio University Center, Juazeiro do Norte, CE, Brazil; Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, 49100-000, Aracaju, SE, Brazil.
| | - Thaís Rodrigues de Albuquerque
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Molecular Chemistry, Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri, Cel Antonio Luis 1161, Pimenta, 63105-000, Crato, CE, Brazil; Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, 49100-000, Aracaju, SE, Brazil.
| | - Henrique Douglas Melo Coutinho
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Biology Molecular, Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri, Cel Antonio Luis 1161, Pimenta, 63105-000, Crato, CE, Brazil; Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, 49100-000, Aracaju, SE, Brazil.
| | - Jackson Roberto Guedes da Silva Almeida
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco, 56.304-205, Petrolina, PE, Brazil; Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, 49100-000, Aracaju, SE, Brazil.
| | - Lucindo Jose Quintans
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco, 56.304-205, Petrolina, PE, Brazil; Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, 49100-000, Aracaju, SE, Brazil.
| | - Irwin Rose Alencar de Menezes
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Molecular Chemistry, Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri, Cel Antonio Luis 1161, Pimenta, 63105-000, Crato, CE, Brazil; Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, 49100-000, Aracaju, SE, Brazil.
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Minozzo BR, Lemes BM, Justo ADS, Lara JE, Petry VEK, Fernandes D, Belló C, Vellosa JCR, Campagnoli EB, Nunes OC, Kitagawa RR, Avula B, Khan IA, Beltrame FL. Anti-ulcer mechanisms of polyphenols extract of Euphorbia umbellata (Pax) Bruyns (Euphorbiaceae). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 191:29-40. [PMID: 27301616 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Euphorbia umbellata (leitosinha) is used in southern Brazilian folk medicine to treat gastric problems, as well as for its analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. AIM OF STUDY To evaluate the anti-ulcer effects of methanolic bark fraction (MF) against in vivo and in vitro assays, as well as an antioxidant, antibacterial and chromatographic study of this fraction. MATERIALS AND METHODS In vivo anti-ulcer activity was performed using ethanol and indomethacin models with different MF concentrations (50, 100 or 200mg/Kg). The stomachs of the animals were applied to histological evaluation, and the serum to evaluate the ABTS(•+) radical capture. The 200mg/Kg dose was used to analyze the mechanisms involved in antiulcerogenic properties of methanolic fraction. The in vitro activity was performed using several different antioxidant assays, in addition to anti-Helicobacter pylori and anti-urease experiments. The chromatographic study was carried out by LC-MS analysis. RESULTS Pharmacological investigation of the MF showed an anti-ulcer potential in ethanol and indomethacin in vivo assays. The material presented a high antioxidant activity for several oxidant in vitro systems (DPPH(•), ABTS(•+), O2(•-), HOCl, TauCl and HRP), as well as an ABTS(•+) capture increasing (7.5%) by the treated animals serum (when compared to the negative control). Prostaglandins, nitric oxide/ cyclic guanosine monophosphate pathway and involvement of the protein components of the glutathione complex are some of the mechanisms related with this potential anti-ulcer action. The histological examination of the stomachs of the animals showed that the MF also prevents local action of offensive agents. Chemical analysis using LC-QTOF-MS revealed the presence of ellagic and gallic acid derivatives and flavonols. CONCLUSION The findings provide scientific basis to the ethnopharmacological purpose of the studied plant and the biological activities of MF of E. umbellata stem bark may be due to the presence of phenolic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Rodrigo Minozzo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa 84900-030, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Bruna Mikulis Lemes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa 84900-030, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Aline da Silva Justo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa 84900-030, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Jheniffer Ellen Lara
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa 84900-030, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Daniel Fernandes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa 84900-030, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Caroline Belló
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa 84900-030, Paraná, Brazil
| | - José Carlos Rebuglio Vellosa
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa 84900-030, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Bauml Campagnoli
- Department of Odontology, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa 84900-030, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Otalíbio Castiglione Nunes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória 29040-090, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Rezende Kitagawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória 29040-090, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Bharathi Avula
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, Oxford 38677, MS, USA
| | - Ikhlas Ahmad Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, Oxford 38677, MS, USA
| | - Flávio Luis Beltrame
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa 84900-030, Paraná, Brazil.
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Soria EA, Bongiovanni GA, Luján CD, Eynard AR. Effect of arsenite on nitrosative stress in human breast cancer cells and its modulation by flavonoids. Nutr Cancer 2015; 67:659-63. [PMID: 25849845 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2015.1019637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is used in the treatment of leukemia and breast cancer due to its oxidative cytotoxic action. However, it is also toxic to normal cells. One proposed anticancer mechanism induced by As might be nitrosative stress (NS). It is believed that antioxidant flavonoids in combination with As might reduce its toxic action on normal cells without interfering with its antitumor action. In the present study, we evaluated the antineoplastic potential of As on breast human cancer lines MCF-7 and ZR-75-1 treated with redox-modulating flavonoids, such as quercetin (Q) and silymarin (S). Even though both cell lines differed about their oxidative responsiveness, their viability was decreased by NS induction through γ-glutamyltranspeptidase inhibition. Arsenic triggered NS in both MCF-7 and ZR-75-1 cultures, with the formers more sensitive without recovering their pre-treatment capacity. ZR-75-1 cells maintained their antioxidant status, whereas MCF-7 ones treated with S, As, and As + Q did not. Silymarin did not interfere with the described As bioactivity. NS was an anticancer mechanism exerted by As depending on the redox cellular response that could be differentially modified by dietary antioxidants. Hence, it is worthwhile to consider the use of dietary antioxidants as adjuvant in cancer chemotherapy, especially when using As.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elio A Soria
- a Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA-UNC/CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba , Córdoba , Argentina
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Volpato GT, Francia-Farje LA, Damasceno DC, Oliveira RV, Hiruma-Lima CA, Kempinas WG. Effect of essential oil from Citrus aurantium in maternal reproductive outcome and fetal anomaly frequency in rats. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2015; 87:407-15. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201520140354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Citrus aurantium L., commonly known as bitter orange, is widely used in folk medicine, but there is little data in the literature about the effects on pregnancy. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of essential oil obtained from fruits of Citrus aurantium on the maternal reproductive outcome and fetal anomaly incidence in rats. Pregnant Wistar rats were randomized into four groups (n minimum = 12 animals/group): G1 = control, G2 to G4 = treated with essential oil from C. aurantium at dose 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg, respectively. Rats were orally treated, by gavage, with plant essential oil or vehicle during pre-implantation and organogenic period (gestational day 0-14). On gestational day 20 the rats were anaesthetized and the gravid uterus was weighed with its contents and the fetuses were analyzed. Results showed that the treated group with 500 mg/kg presented decreased placental weights and placental index, although the treatment with bitter orange essential oil did not show any alteration in maternal reproductive performance, toxicological effect, changes in ossification sites, and malformation index. In conclusion, the treatment of Citrus aurantium essential oil was not teratogenic and did not alter the maternal reproductive outcome.
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Moghadamtousi SZ, Rouhollahi E, Karimian H, Fadaeinasab M, Abdulla MA, Kadir HA. Gastroprotective activity of Annona muricata leaves against ethanol-induced gastric injury in rats via Hsp70/Bax involvement. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2014; 8:2099-110. [PMID: 25378912 PMCID: PMC4218895 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s70096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The popular fruit tree of Annona muricata L. (Annonaceae), known as soursop and graviola, is a widely distributed plant in Central and South America and tropical countries. Leaves of A. muricata have been reported to possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. In this study, the gastroprotective effects of ethyl acetate extract of A. muricata leaves (EEAM) were investigated against ethanol-induced gastric injury models in rats. The acute toxicity test of EEAM in rats, carried out in two doses of 1 g/kg and 2 g/kg, showed the safety of this plant, even at the highest dose of 2 g/kg. The antiulcer study in rats (five groups, n=6) was performed with two doses of EEAM (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg) and with omeprazole (20 mg/kg), as a standard antiulcer drug. Gross and histological features showed the antiulcerogenic characterizations of EEAM. There was significant suppression on the ulcer lesion index of rats pretreated with EEAM, which was comparable to the omeprazole effect in the omeprazole control group. Oral administration of EEAM to rats caused a significant increase in the level of nitric oxide and antioxidant activities, including catalase, glutathione, and superoxide dismutase associated with attenuation in gastric acidity, and compensatory effect on the loss of gastric wall mucus. In addition, pretreatment of rats with EEAM caused significant reduction in the level of malondialdehyde, as a marker for oxidative stress, associated with an increase in prostaglandin E2 activity. Immunohistochemical staining also demonstrated that EEAM induced the downregulation of Bax and upregulation of Hsp70 proteins after pretreatment. Collectively, the present results suggest that EEAM has a promising antiulcer potential, which could be attributed to its suppressive effect against oxidative damage and preservative effect toward gastric wall mucus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheil Zorofchian Moghadamtousi
- Biomolecular Research Group, Biochemistry Program, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Elham Rouhollahi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hamed Karimian
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mehran Fadaeinasab
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Habsah Abdul Kadir
- Biomolecular Research Group, Biochemistry Program, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Rozza AL, Pellizzon CH. Essential oils from medicinal and aromatic plants: a review of the gastroprotective and ulcer-healing activities. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2012; 27:51-63. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-8206.2012.01067.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2012] [Revised: 06/27/2012] [Accepted: 07/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ariane Leite Rozza
- Morphology Department; Biosciences Institute; UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista; Botucatu; SP; Brazil
| | - Cláudia Helena Pellizzon
- Morphology Department; Biosciences Institute; UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista; Botucatu; SP; Brazil
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