Younis NN, Elsherbiny NM, Shaheen MA, Elseweidy MM. Modulation of NADPH oxidase and Nrf2/HO-1 pathway by vanillin in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.
J Pharm Pharmacol 2020;
72:1546-1555. [PMID:
32746497 DOI:
10.1111/jphp.13340]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
To investigate the protective effect of vanillin in cisplatin (CP)-induced nephrotoxicity in rats and elucidate the role of nrf-2 and its downstream antioxidant molecules.
METHODS
Rats received vanillin (100 mg/kg orally) for 10 constitutive days and CP (7.5 mg/kg, once, ip) on day 6 of vanillin administration.
KEY FINDINGS
Cisplatin suppressed body weight gain, increased serum urea and creatinine and renal malondialdehyde and nitric oxide while decreased renal total antioxidant capacity. Up-regulation of NADPH oxidase-4 (NOX-4) was marked in renal tissue of CP-treated rats along with down-regulation of the antioxidant genes (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor2 (NRF2) and haem oxygenase-1(HO-1)). Increased tumour necrosis factor-α and decreased interleukin-10 with increased myeloperoxidase activity were apparent in renal tissue of CP-treated rats along with marked tubular injury, neutrophil infiltration and increased apoptosis (caspase-3) and some degree of interstitial fibrosis. Vanillin prophylactic administration prevented the deterioration of kidney function, oxidative and nitrosative stress. It also suppressed NOX-4 and up-regulated NRF2 and HO-1 expression in renal tissue. Inflammation, apoptosis and tubular injury were also inhibited by vanillin.
CONCLUSIONS
The antioxidant mechanism by which vanillin protected against CP-induced nephrotoxicity involved the inhibition of NOX-4 along with the stimulation of Nrf2/HO-1 signalling pathway. These in turn inhibited inflammation and apoptosis.
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