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Proaño B, Benlloch M, Sancho-Castillo S, Privado J, Bargues-Navarro G, Sanchis-Sanchis CE, Martínez Bolós P, Carriquí-Suárez AB, Cubero-Plazas L, Platero Armero JL, Escriva D, Ceron JJ, Tvarijonaviciute A, de la Rubia Ortí JE. Paraoxonase I Activity and Its Relationship with Nutrition in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:1021. [PMID: 39199265 PMCID: PMC11351986 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13081021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterized by progressive motor neuron degeneration, with oxidative stress playing a key role. Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is an antioxidant enzyme that may influence ALS progression. This study aimed to establish a predictive model for the influence of PON1 activity on functionality in ALS patients and explore its relationship with nutrition. Methods: In this observational cross-sectional study, 70 ALS patients underwent assessments of PON1 activity, lipid profile, functional capacity, respiratory function, and heart rate variability. A structural equation model was developed to determine the relationships between variables. Nutritional intake was analyzed in 65 patients. Results: The predictive model showed that PON1 activity and LDL levels positively influenced functionality, both directly and indirectly through respiratory capacity. Heart rate variability moderately predicted functionality independently. HDL levels were not significantly associated with functionality. Weak to moderate correlations were found between PON1 activity and intake of certain nutrients, with positive associations for monounsaturated fats and vitamin D, and negative associations for carbohydrates, proteins, and some micronutrients. Conclusions: PON1 activity appears to play an important role in ALS patient functionality, both directly and through effects on respiratory capacity. However, its relationship with nutritional intake was not strongly evident in this sample population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belén Proaño
- Doctoral School, Catholic University of Valencia, 46001 Valencia, Spain; (B.P.); (G.B.-N.); (C.E.S.-S.); (A.B.C.-S.)
| | - María Benlloch
- Department of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Catholic University of Valencia, 46001 Valencia, Spain;
| | | | - Jesús Privado
- Department of Methodology of Behavioral Sciences, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28223 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Guillermo Bargues-Navarro
- Doctoral School, Catholic University of Valencia, 46001 Valencia, Spain; (B.P.); (G.B.-N.); (C.E.S.-S.); (A.B.C.-S.)
- Health Research Institute (IIS) La Fe, La Fe Polytechnic and University Hospital, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Claudia Emmanuela Sanchis-Sanchis
- Doctoral School, Catholic University of Valencia, 46001 Valencia, Spain; (B.P.); (G.B.-N.); (C.E.S.-S.); (A.B.C.-S.)
- Department of Nursing, Catholic University of Valencia, 46001 Valencia, Spain; (P.M.B.); (L.C.-P.); (J.L.P.A.)
| | - Palmira Martínez Bolós
- Department of Nursing, Catholic University of Valencia, 46001 Valencia, Spain; (P.M.B.); (L.C.-P.); (J.L.P.A.)
| | - Ana Belén Carriquí-Suárez
- Doctoral School, Catholic University of Valencia, 46001 Valencia, Spain; (B.P.); (G.B.-N.); (C.E.S.-S.); (A.B.C.-S.)
- Department of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Catholic University of Valencia, 46001 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Laura Cubero-Plazas
- Department of Nursing, Catholic University of Valencia, 46001 Valencia, Spain; (P.M.B.); (L.C.-P.); (J.L.P.A.)
| | - Jose Luis Platero Armero
- Department of Nursing, Catholic University of Valencia, 46001 Valencia, Spain; (P.M.B.); (L.C.-P.); (J.L.P.A.)
| | - Dolores Escriva
- Institute for Research on Musculoskeletal Disorders, Catholic University of Valencia, 46001 Valencia, Spain;
- Intensive Care Unit, La Fe Polytechnic and University Hospital, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Jose Joaquín Ceron
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis, Campus of Excellence Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (J.J.C.); (A.T.)
| | - Asta Tvarijonaviciute
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis, Campus of Excellence Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (J.J.C.); (A.T.)
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2
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Rufino AT, Freitas M, Proença C, Ferreira de Oliveira JMP, Fernandes E, Ribeiro D. Rheumatoid arthritis molecular targets and their importance to flavonoid-based therapy. Med Res Rev 2024; 44:497-538. [PMID: 37602483 DOI: 10.1002/med.21990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a progressive, chronic, autoimmune, inflammatory, and systemic condition that primarily affects the synovial joints and adjacent tissues, including bone, muscle, and tendons. The World Health Organization recognizes RA as one of the most prevalent chronic inflammatory diseases. In the last decade, there was an expansion on the available RA therapeutic options which aimed to improve patient's quality of life. Despite the extensive research and the emergence of new therapeutic approaches and drugs, there are still significant unwanted side effects associated to these drugs and still a vast number of patients that do not respond positively to the existing therapeutic strategies. Over the years, several references to the use of flavonoids in the quest for new treatments for RA have emerged. This review aimed to summarize the existing literature about the flavonoids' effects on the major pathogenic/molecular targets of RA and their potential use as lead compounds for the development of new effective molecules for RA treatment. It is demonstrated that flavonoids can modulate various players in synovial inflammation, regulate immune cell function, decrease synoviocytes proliferation and balance the apoptotic process, decrease angiogenesis, and stop/prevent bone and cartilage degradation, which are all dominant features of RA. Although further investigation is necessary to determine the effectiveness of flavonoids in humans, the available data from in vitro and in vivo models suggest their potential as new disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs. This review highlights the use of flavonoids as a promising avenue for future research in the treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana T Rufino
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marisa Freitas
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carina Proença
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - José M P Ferreira de Oliveira
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Eduarda Fernandes
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Daniela Ribeiro
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Agrarian Sciences and Environment, University of the Azores, Açores, Portugal
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3
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Ali S, Birhanu BT, Lee EB, Quah Y, Boby N, Suk K, Lee SP, Lee SJ, Park SC. Immunomodulatory effects of Bacillus subtilis-fermented soybean extract in mice. FOOD BIOTECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/08905436.2022.2124265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sekendar Ali
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Brain Science and Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Kumira, Bangladesh
| | - Biruk Tesfaye Birhanu
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Eon-Bee Lee
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Yixian Quah
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Naila Boby
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Kyoungho Suk
- Department of Biomedical Science and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Brain Science and Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Sam-Pin Lee
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Seung-Jin Lee
- Development and Reproductive Toxicology Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Seung-Chun Park
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
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Wu Z, Liu L. The protective activity of genistein against bone and cartilage diseases. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1016981. [PMID: 36160403 PMCID: PMC9492956 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1016981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Genistein, a natural isoflavone rich in soybean and leguminous plants, has been shown various biological effects, such as anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, anti-cancer, and bone/cartilage protection. Due to the structural similarity to estrogen, genistein exhibits estrogen-like activity in protecting against osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. Furthermore, genistein has been considered as an inhibitor of tyrosine kinase, which has been found to be dysregulated in the pathological development of osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). Many signaling pathways, such as MAPK, NF-κB, and NRF2/HO-1, are involved in the regulatory activity of genistein in protecting against bone and cartilage diseases. The potential molecular mechanisms of genistein in therapeutic management of bone and cartilage diseases have been investigated, but remain to be fully understood. In this article, we mainly discuss the current knowledge of genistein in protecting against bone and cartilage diseases, such as osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Wu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- First Clinical Medical College of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zhenyu Wu,
| | - Luying Liu
- First Clinical Medical College of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
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5
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Yang J, Zhang Y, Li WH, Guo BF, Peng QL, Yao WY, Gong DH, Ding WJ. Assessment of the anti-rheumatoid arthritis activity of Gastrodia elata (tian-ma) and Radix aconitic lateralis preparata (fu-zi) via network pharmacology and untargeted metabolomics analyses. Int J Rheum Dis 2021; 24:380-390. [PMID: 33523580 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.14063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AIM Gastrodia elata and Radix aconiti lateralis preparrata are respectively named as Tian-Ma and Fu-Zi (TF) in Chinese. We explored the active components against rheumatoid arthritis (RA) from an extensively used couplet of Chinese herbs, Gastrodia elata and Radix aconiti lateralis preparata (TF) via untargeted metabolomics and network pharmacological approaches. METHODS Water extracts of TF were mixed at ratios 1:1, 3:2 and 2:3 (w/w). Ultra-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was then utilized as metabolomics screening. Human Metabolome (http://www.hmdb.ca/) and Lipidmaps (http://www.lipidmaps.org/) databases were used to annotate detected compounds. Further identification of vital genes and important pathways associated with the anti-RA properties of the TF preparations was done via network pharmacology, and verified by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). RESULTS Four key compounds involved in unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis and isoflavonoid biosynthesis were identified through metabolomics analyses. Three key components of TF associated with anti-RA activity were linoleic acid, daidzein, and daidzin. Results of RT-qPCR revealed that all 3 tested TF couplets (1:1, 3:2, and 2:3) markedly suppressed the transcription of PTGS2. These results were consistent with our network pharmacological predictions. CONCLUSIONS The anti-RA properties of Tian-Ma and Fu-Zi are associated with the inhibition of arachidonic acid metabolism pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Bijie Medical College, Bijie, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei-Hong Li
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Bu-Fa Guo
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Bijie Medical College, Bijie, China
| | - Qi-Lun Peng
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Bijie Medical College, Bijie, China
| | - Wei-Yi Yao
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Di-Hong Gong
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei-Jun Ding
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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6
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Soltani S, Boozari M, Cicero AFG, Jamialahmadi T, Sahebkar A. Effects of phytochemicals on macrophage cholesterol efflux capacity: Impact on atherosclerosis. Phytother Res 2021; 35:2854-2878. [PMID: 33464676 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) is the major promoter of reverse cholesterol transport and efflux of excess cellular cholesterol. The functions of HDL, such as cholesterol efflux, are associated with cardiovascular disease rather than HDL levels. We have reviewed the evidence base on the major classes of phytochemicals, including polyphenols, alkaloids, carotenoids, phytosterols, and fatty acids, and their effects on macrophage cholesterol efflux and its major pathways. Phytochemicals show the potential to improve the efficiency of each of these pathways. The findings are mainly in preclinical studies, and more clinical research is warranted in this area to develop novel clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Soltani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Motahareh Boozari
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Arrigo F G Cicero
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Factors Research Center, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Quchan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Quchan, Iran.,Department of Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran.,Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Lodz, Poland
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7
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Chakraborty D, Gupta K, Biswas S. A mechanistic insight of phytoestrogens used for Rheumatoid arthritis: An evidence-based review. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 133:111039. [PMID: 33254019 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Assessment of the potential therapeutic benefits offered by naturally occurring phytoestrogens necessitate inspection of their potency and sites of action in impeding the chronic, systemic, autoimmune, joint destructing disorder Rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Possessing structural and functional similarity with human estrogen, phytoestrogen promisingly replaces the use of hormone therapy in eradicating RA symptoms with their anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, anti-proliferative, anti-angiogenesis, immunomodulatory, joint protection properties abolishing the harmful side effects of synthetic drugs. Scientific evidences revealed that use of phytoestrogens from different chemical categories including flavonoids, alkaloids, stilbenoids derived from different plant species manifest beneficial effects on RA through various cellular mechanisms including suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in particular tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin(IL-6) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and destructive metalloproteinases, inhibition of oxidative stress, suppressing inflammatory signalling pathways, attenuating osteoclastogenesis ameliorating cartilage degradation and bone erosion. This review summarizes the evidences of different phytoestrogen treatment and their pharmacological mechanisms in both in vitro and in vivo studies along with discussing clinical evaluations in RA patients showing phytoestrogen as a promising agent for RA therapy. Further investigations and more clinical trials are mandatory to clarify the utility of these plant derived compounds in RA prevention and in managing oestrogen deficient diseases in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debolina Chakraborty
- Department of Integrative and Functional Biology, CSIR - Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi, 110007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
| | - Kriti Gupta
- Department of Integrative and Functional Biology, CSIR - Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi, 110007, India.
| | - Sagarika Biswas
- Department of Integrative and Functional Biology, CSIR - Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi, 110007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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8
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Tu Y, Wang K, Wan JB, He C. Anti-inflammatory effects of Glycine tabacina extract in LPS-stimulated macrophages and collagen-induced arthritis mice. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Tu Y, Wang K, Liang Y, Jia X, Wang L, Wan JB, Han J, He C. Glycine tabacina ethanol extract ameliorates collagen-induced arthritis in rats via inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 237:20-27. [PMID: 30880257 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The whole plant of Glycine tabacina (Labill.) Benth has been used as a traditional herbal medicine to treat rheumatism, ostealgia and nephritis in China. It is also one of the sources of the renowned native herbal medicine 'I-Tiao-Gung' in Taiwan. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the anti-arthritic effect of ethanol extract of G. tabacina (GTE) in a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS The chemical profile of GTE was analyzed by HPLC-UV. The CIA was induced in male Wistar rats by intradermal injection of bovine type II collagen at tail root, back and ankle joints. The rats were orally administrated daily with GTE (1.11, 2.22 and 4.44 g dry weight of herb powder per kg body weight) from day 0 and continued for 30 days. Swelling volume and thickness of paw, arthritis index, X-radiographs and histopathological changes were examined to assess the severity of arthritis. Furthermore, the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin1β (IL-1β), IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity and malonaldehyde (MDA) level were measured to preliminarily explore the possible mechanisms. RESULTS Oral administration of GTE significantly ameliorated the arthritic symptoms in CIA rat model, as indicated by the effects on paws swelling and arthritis index. X-radiographic analysis and histopathological examinations demonstrated that GTE effectively protected the bone and cartilage of joints from erosion, lesion and deformation. The efficacy of GTE treatment on CIA was comparable to that of indomethacin (positive drug). Besides, the overproduction of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α was remarkably inhibited in the serum of all GTE treatment groups. The restoration of serum T-SOD activity and MDA level proved that GTE administration alleviated the oxidative stress in CIA rats. CONCLUSIONS GTE exhibited strong anti-CIA activity through inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidation in rats, suggesting its potential preventive and therapeutic effects on rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbei Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Kai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Yeer Liang
- Zhuhai Livzon Cynvenio Diagnostics Ltd., Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519060, China
| | - Xuejing Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Lili Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jian-Bo Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Jianping Han
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chengwei He
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China.
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El-Ashmawy NE, Khedr EG, Shamloula MM, Kamel MM. Evaluation of the antirheumatic effects of isoflavone-free soy protein isolate and etanercept in rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2019; 244:545-553. [PMID: 30897958 PMCID: PMC6545695 DOI: 10.1177/1535370219839222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT In view of the partial clinical benefit and significant toxicity of traditional rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatments, there is a growing trend to use complementary therapy. The antiarthritic activity of soy is related to the effect of soy isoflavones. However, little is known about the antiarthritic activity of soy protein itself. This study demonstrates that soy protein isolate (SPI) and etanercept (ETN), a tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) inhibitor, protect rats against the effects of adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) by reducing inflammation (TNF-α and matrix metalloproteinase-3), autoantibody production (anticyclic citrullinated peptide), and lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde). Only SPI improved dyslipidemia accompanied by RA, giving it the advantage of reducing cardiovascular risk. Additionally, the severity of arthritis-induced pathology, including inflammatory infiltrates, synovial hyperplasia, pannus formation, synovial vascularity, and cartilage erosions, was reduced by both SPI and ETN. This research ascertains the possible antiarthritic effect of SPI, making it a recommended alternative therapy for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahla E El-Ashmawy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Eman G Khedr
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Maha M Shamloula
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Maha M Kamel
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University, New Damietta 34518, Egypt
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11
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Badsha H. Role of Diet in Influencing Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease Activity. Open Rheumatol J 2018; 12:19-28. [PMID: 29515679 PMCID: PMC5827298 DOI: 10.2174/1874312901812010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Revised: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) frequently ask their doctors about which diets to follow, and even in the absence of advice from their physicians, many patients are undertaking various dietary interventions. DISCUSSION However, the role of dietary modifications in RA is not well understood. Several studies have tried to address these gaps in our understanding. Intestinal microbial modifications are being studied for the prevention and management of RA. Some benefits of vegan diet may be explained by antioxidant constituents, lactobacilli and fibre, and by potential changes in intestinal flora. Similarly, Mediterranean diet shows anti-inflammatory effects due to protective properties of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamins, but also by influencing the gut microbiome. Gluten-free and elemental diets have been associated with some benefits in RA though the existing evidence is limited. Long-term intake of fish and other sources of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids are protective for development of RA. The benefits of fasting, anti-oxidant supplementation, flavanoids, and probiotics in RA are not clear. Vitamin D has been shown to influence autoimmunity and specifically decrease RA disease activity. The role of supplements such as fish oils and vitamin D should be explored in future trials to gain new insights in disease pathogenesis and develop RA-specific dietary recommendations. CONCLUSION Specifically more research is needed to explore the association of diet and the gut microbiome and how this can influence RA disease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humeira Badsha
- Dr. Humeira Badsha Medical Center, Beach Park Plaza, Jumeira Road, Dubai, UAE
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12
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Martini D, Del Bo’ C, Porrini M, Ciappellano S, Riso P. Role of polyphenols and polyphenol-rich foods in the modulation of PON1 activity and expression. J Nutr Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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13
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Chadha R, Bhalla Y, Jain A, Chadha K, Karan M. Dietary Soy Isoflavone: A Mechanistic Insight. Nat Prod Commun 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1701200439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Soy, a major component of the diet for centuries contains the largest concentration of isoflavones, a class of phytoestrogens. A variety of health benefits are associated with the consumption of soy primarily because of the isoflavones genistein, daidzein, and glycitein with a potential protective effect against a number of chronic diseases. Owing to the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical properties allied with isoflavonoids and their use in functional foods, there is a growing interest in these compounds. This review throws light on the chemistry, and significant pharmacological and biopharmaceutical aspects of soy isoflavones. This article critically describes the mechanisms of action, infers conclusions and shows opportunity for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renu Chadha
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Yashika Bhalla
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ankita Jain
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Kunal Chadha
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Maninder Karan
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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Millar CL, Duclos Q, Blesso CN. Effects of Dietary Flavonoids on Reverse Cholesterol Transport, HDL Metabolism, and HDL Function. Adv Nutr 2017; 8:226-239. [PMID: 28298268 PMCID: PMC5347106 DOI: 10.3945/an.116.014050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Strong experimental evidence confirms that HDL directly alleviates atherosclerosis. HDL particles display diverse atheroprotective functions in reverse cholesterol transport (RCT), antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic processes. In certain inflammatory disease states, however, HDL particles may become dysfunctional and proatherogenic. Flavonoids show the potential to improve HDL function through their well-documented effects on cellular antioxidant status and inflammation. The aim of this review is to summarize the basic science and clinical research examining the effects of dietary flavonoids on RCT and HDL function. Based on preclinical studies that used cell culture and rodent models, it appears that many flavonoids (e.g., anthocyanidins, flavonols, and flavone subclasses) influence RCT and HDL function beyond simple HDL cholesterol concentration by regulating cellular cholesterol efflux from macrophages and hepatic paraoxonase 1 expression and activity. In clinical studies, dietary anthocyanin intake is associated with beneficial changes in serum biomarkers related to HDL function in a variety of human populations (e.g., in those who are hyperlipidemic, hypertensive, or diabetic), including increased HDL cholesterol concentration, as well as HDL antioxidant and cholesterol efflux capacities. However, clinical research on HDL functionality is lacking for some flavonoid subclasses (e.g., flavanols, flavones, flavanones, and isoflavones). Although there has been a tremendous effort to develop HDL-targeted drug therapies, more research is warranted on how the intake of foods or specific nutrients affects HDL function.
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The Search for Dietary Supplements to Elevate or Activate Circulating Paraoxonases. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18020416. [PMID: 28212288 PMCID: PMC5343950 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18020416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Low levels of paraoxonase 1 (PON1) have been associated with the development of several pathological conditions, whereas high levels have been shown to be anti-atherosclerotic in mouse models. These findings suggest that PON1 could be a good surrogate biomarker. The other members of the family, namely PON2 and PON3, the role of which has been much less studied, deserve more attention. This paper provides a systematic review of current evidence concerning dietary supplements in that regard. Preliminary studies indicate that the response to dietary supplements may have a nutrigenetic aspect that will need to be considered in large population studies or in clinical trials. A wide range of plant preparations have been found to have a positive action, with pomegranate and some of its components being the best characterized and Aronia melanocarpa one of the most active. Flavonoids are found in the composition of all active extracts, with catechins and genistein being the most promising agents for increasing PON1 activity. However, some caveats regarding the dose, length of treatment, bioavailability, and stability of these compounds in formulations still need to be addressed. Once these issues have been resolved, these compounds could be included as nutraceuticals and functional foods capable of increasing PON1 activity, thereby helping with the long-term prevention of atherosclerosis and other chronic ailments.
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Anti-arthritogenic and cardioprotective action of hesperidin and daidzein in collagen-induced rheumatoid arthritis. Mol Cell Biochem 2016; 423:115-127. [PMID: 27704466 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-016-2830-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis has been linked to chronic inflammatory processes. Changes in the levels of lipoproteins, especially low-density lipoprotein or its variants, as well as inflammatory markers are risk factors for the atherosclerosis. In the present study, an experimental model of rheumatoid arthritis was developed by administrating collagen suspension intradermally in the tail region of Wistar albino rats. At the same time, a suspension of hesperidin (50 mg/kg body weight) and daidzein (20 mg/kg body weight) was orally administrated. The compounds were given in the morning and evening for 21 days. Levels of inflammatory markers in the homogenate of knee joints of experimental rats as well as plasma lipoproteins were investigated. The administration of hesperidin and daidzein caused significant (p < 0.001) decrease in articular elastase activity, TNF-α, and malondialdehyde levels. Further, arthritis scoring and histological findings supported the anti-inflammatory actions of the test compounds. Interestingly, the test compounds also lowered the plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglyceride but increased the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The test compounds thus ameliorated the risk factors of atherosclerosis. Furthermore, antioxidant roles of hesperidin as well as daidzein were evident from decrease in free radical load demonstrated as increase in total antioxidant level in plasma of arthritic animals treated with hesperidin and daidzein. In a separate in vitro experiment, enhanced free radical scavenging activity of hesperidin was demonstrated against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid. The anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic, and antioxidant actions of the naturally occurring test compounds, particularly hesperidin, seem to be quite effective against rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis. Thus, their consumption may be helpful in prevention or at least delaying the onset of these diseases in susceptible individuals.
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Garg S, Lule VK, Malik RK, Tomar SK. Soy Bioactive Components in Functional Perspective: A Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2015.1136936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheenam Garg
- Dairy Microbiology Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Vaibhao Kisanrao Lule
- Dairy Microbiology Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Ravinder Kumar Malik
- Dairy Microbiology Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Sudhir Kumar Tomar
- Dairy Microbiology Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
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Zhuang C, Xu NW, Gao GM, Ni S, Miao KS, Li CK, Wang LM, Xie HG. Polysaccharide from Angelica sinensis protects chondrocytes from H2O2-induced apoptosis through its antioxidant effects in vitro. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 87:322-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Rosillo MA, Alarcón-de-la-Lastra C, Sánchez-Hidalgo M. An update on dietary phenolic compounds in the prevention and management of rheumatoid arthritis. Food Funct 2016; 7:2943-69. [DOI: 10.1039/c6fo00485g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Certain nutritional components influence the cellular metabolism and interfere in the pathological inflammatory process, so that they may act as a coadjuvant in the treatment of many chronic inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
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Furukawa M, Kiyohara C, Horiuchi T, Tsukamoto H, Mitoma H, Kimoto Y, Uchino A, Nakagawa M, Oryoji K, Shimoda T, Akashi K. Quality of life in Japanese female patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: Evaluation using the Short Form 36 Health Survey. Mod Rheumatol 2015; 26:240-7. [PMID: 26054420 DOI: 10.3109/14397595.2015.1060668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Aspects of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) are important for assessing perceived health status and treatment burden. We evaluated HRQoL using Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) and factors associated with HRQoL. METHODS We collected basic and lifestyle-related, clinical, and treatment characteristics among 119 female Japanese patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals were assessed for associations between HRQoL and selected factors. RESULTS Irregularity of sleep was significantly associated with risk of lower role physical (RP) (OR = 8.27), vitality (VT) (OR = 8.45), and role emotional (OR = 10.7) domains. Compared with clerical work, non-clerical work was significantly associated with risk of lower RP (OR = 7.39), and unemployment was significantly associated with risk of lower VT (OR = 41.0). Daily soybean intake was associated with improved General Health or GH (OR = 0.17). Compared with Systemic Lupus Collaborative Clinics Damage Index (SDI) = 0, SDI > 2 was associated with risk of lower PF (OR = 7.88), RP (OR = 4.29), and bodily pain (OR = 3.06) domains. CONCLUSION Reduced HRQoL was observed in our SLE patients. Interventions addressing sleep and work disturbances, as well as daily soybean consumption, could alter the HRQoL of SLE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makio Furukawa
- a Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science , Kyushu University , Fukuoka , Japan
| | - Chikako Kiyohara
- b Department of Preventive Medicine , Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University , Fukuoka , Japan
| | - Takahiko Horiuchi
- c Department of Internal Medicine , Kyushu University Beppu Hospital , Oita , Japan 4 Department of Clinical Reserch , Fukuoka National Hospital , Fukuoka , Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tsukamoto
- a Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science , Kyushu University , Fukuoka , Japan
| | - Hiroki Mitoma
- a Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science , Kyushu University , Fukuoka , Japan
| | - Yasutaka Kimoto
- a Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science , Kyushu University , Fukuoka , Japan
| | - Ayumi Uchino
- a Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science , Kyushu University , Fukuoka , Japan
| | - Misato Nakagawa
- a Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science , Kyushu University , Fukuoka , Japan
| | - Kensuke Oryoji
- a Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science , Kyushu University , Fukuoka , Japan
| | - Terufumi Shimoda
- c Department of Internal Medicine , Kyushu University Beppu Hospital , Oita , Japan 4 Department of Clinical Reserch , Fukuoka National Hospital , Fukuoka , Japan
| | - Koichi Akashi
- a Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science , Kyushu University , Fukuoka , Japan
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Helli B, Mowla K, Mohammadshahi M, Jalali MT. Effect of Sesamin Supplementation on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Women with Rheumatoid Arthritis. J Am Coll Nutr 2015; 35:300-7. [DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2015.1005198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Lou-Bonafonte JM, Gabás-Rivera C, Navarro MA, Osada J. PON1 and Mediterranean Diet. Nutrients 2015; 7:4068-92. [PMID: 26024295 PMCID: PMC4488773 DOI: 10.3390/nu7064068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet has been proven to be highly effective in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) has been implicated in the development of those conditions, especially atherosclerosis. The present work describes a systematic review of current evidence supporting the influence of Mediterranean diet and its constituents on this enzyme. Despite the differential response of some genetic polymorphisms, the Mediterranean diet has been shown to exert a protective action on this enzyme. Extra virgin olive oil, the main source of fat, has been particularly effective in increasing PON1 activity, an action that could be due to low saturated fatty acid intake, oleic acid enrichment of phospholipids present in high-density lipoproteins that favor the activity, and increasing hepatic PON1 mRNA and protein expressions induced by minor components present in this oil. Other Mediterranean diet constituents, such as nuts, fruits and vegetables, have been effective in modulating the activity of the enzyme, pomegranate and its compounds being the best characterized items. Ongoing research on compounds isolated from all these natural products, mainly phenolic compounds and carotenoids, indicates that some of them are particularly effective, and this may enhance the use of nutraceuticals and functional foods capable of potentiating PON1 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M Lou-Bonafonte
- Departamento de Farmacología y Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud y del Deporte, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Huesca, E-22002, Spain.
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, E-28029, Spain.
| | - Clara Gabás-Rivera
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, E-28029, Spain.
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, E-50013, Spain.
| | - María A Navarro
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, E-28029, Spain.
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, E-50013, Spain.
| | - Jesús Osada
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, E-28029, Spain.
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, E-50013, Spain.
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Mohammad-Shahi M, Mowla K, Haidari F, Zarei M, Choghakhori R. Soy milk consumption, markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in women with rheumatoid arthritis: A randomised cross-over clinical trial. Nutr Diet 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/1747-0080.12174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Majid Mohammad-Shahi
- Hyperlipidemia Research Centre; Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences; Ahvaz Iran
| | - Karim Mowla
- Department of Rheumatology; Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences; Ahvaz Iran
| | - Fatemeh Haidari
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Centre; Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences; Ahvaz Iran
| | - Mehdi Zarei
- Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz; Ahvaz Iran
| | - Razieh Choghakhori
- Departments of Nutritional Science, Student Research Committee; Arvand International Division; Ahvaz Iran
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Kani AH, Alavian SM, Esmaillzadeh A, Adibi P, Azadbakht L. Effects of a novel therapeutic diet on liver enzymes and coagulating factors in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A parallel randomized trial. Nutrition 2014; 30:814-21. [PMID: 24984998 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2013.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2013] [Revised: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 11/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There are several reports regarding the role of therapeutic diets for patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effects of a low-calorie, low-carbohydrate soy-containing diet on lipid profiles, liver enzymes, and coagulating factors in patients with NAFLD. METHOD This was a randomized parallel clinical trial involving 45 patients with NAFLD. The participants consumed three kinds of diets for 8 wk. Patients were randomly assigned to consume a low-calorie diet; a low-calorie, low-carbohydrate diet; or a low-calorie, low-carbohydrate soy-containing diet. Measurements were done according to the standard method. RESULTS Changes in weight were not significantly different in the three groups. The low-calorie, low-carbohydrate soy-containing diet could reduce alanine aminotransferase (-15.2 ± 12.1 versus -6.8 ± 4.6 in the low-calorie, low-carbohydrate diet, and -6.4 ± 4.4 IU/L in the low-calorie diet; P = 0.02) and serum fibrinogen levels (-49.1 ± 60.1 versus -12.9 ± 8.1 and -17.4 ± 8.4 g/L, respectively; P = 0.01). Reductions in aspartate aminotransferase were significantly higher in the low-calorie, low-carbohydrate soy-containing group. Changes in lipid profiles did not differ significantly between the groups. The soy-containing diet did reduce malondialdehyde more than the other diets (P = 0.01). CONCLUSION A low-calorie, low-carbohydrate soy-containing diet could have beneficial effects on liver enzymes, malondialdehyde, and serum fibrinogen levels in patients with NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Hashemi Kani
- Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Seyed Moayed Alavian
- Baqiyatallah Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Peyman Adibi
- Integrative Functional Gastroenterology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Leila Azadbakht
- Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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