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Parreira GJG, de Araújo Nobre MA, Moreira AGCR, Luís HPS. Limosilactobacillus reuteri as an Adjuvant in the Treatment of Peri-implant Mucositis in Total Rehabilitation: An Exploratory Study. Eur J Dent 2024; 18:610-618. [PMID: 38555646 PMCID: PMC11132781 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1777822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Mechanical debridement is the traditional method for the treatment of peri-implant mucositis (P-im) and its success depends on the patient's correct oral hygiene. It is believed that probiotics may help by their ability to modulate the oral biofilm, resulting in anti-inflammatory and antibacterial plaque action. The aim of this study was to evaluate the adjuvant effect of the probiotic Limosilactobacillus reuteri (LR) in the mechanical treatment of P-im. MATERIALS AND METHODS This exploratory study included 29 subjects with implant-supported total rehabilitation and P-im, divided into test (TG) and control (CG) groups, equally subjected to professional mechanical debridement, with the administration of a daily GUM PerioBalance lozenge for 30 days added to the TG. The modified Plaque Index (mPlI) modified Sulcus Bleeding Index (mBI) and pocket depth (PD) were evaluated before the intervention (baseline) and 6 and 10 weeks later. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Parametric and nonparametric tests with 5% significance level were used in the statistical analysis, using IBM SPSS Statistics 27.0 software. RESULTS Both treatments resulted in reduced mPlI, mBI, and PD at 6 weeks; while from 6 to 10 weeks there was an increase in mPlI and mBI and maintenance of PD. Compared with baseline, differences were close to statistical significance in the reduction in PD at 10 weeks in the CG (p = 0.018), after Bonferroni correction, and statistically significant in the mPlI at 6 weeks in the CG (p = 0.004) and in the TG (p = 0.002) as well as at 10 weeks in the TG (p = 0.016). Comparing the groups in the postintervention assessments, no statistically significant differences were found. CONCLUSION LR adjuvant mechanical treatment of P-im does not show a clear benefit compared with mechanical treatment alone, with both interventions achieving similar clinical results. Further prospective and long-term studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonçalo J G Parreira
- Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Unidade de Investigação em Ciências Orais e Biomédicas (UICOB), Lisboa, Portugal
- Oral Hygiene Department, Maló Clinic, Lisbon, Portugal
- Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Rede de Higienistas Orais para o Desenvolvimento da Ciência (RHODes), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Miguel A de Araújo Nobre
- Oral Hygiene Department, Maló Clinic, Lisbon, Portugal
- Research and Development Department, Maló Clinic, Lisbon, Portugal
- Clínica Universitária de Estomatologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - André G C R Moreira
- Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Unidade de Investigação em Ciências Orais e Biomédicas (UICOB), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Henrique P S Luís
- Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Unidade de Investigação em Ciências Orais e Biomédicas (UICOB), Lisboa, Portugal
- Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Rede de Higienistas Orais para o Desenvolvimento da Ciência (RHODes), Lisboa, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechcare), Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
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Virk MS, Virk MA, He Y, Tufail T, Gul M, Qayum A, Rehman A, Rashid A, Ekumah JN, Han X, Wang J, Ren X. The Anti-Inflammatory and Curative Exponent of Probiotics: A Comprehensive and Authentic Ingredient for the Sustained Functioning of Major Human Organs. Nutrients 2024; 16:546. [PMID: 38398870 PMCID: PMC10893534 DOI: 10.3390/nu16040546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Several billion microorganisms reside in the gastrointestinal lumen, including viruses, bacteria, fungi, and yeast. Among them, probiotics were primarily used to cure digestive disorders such as intestinal infections and diarrhea; however, with a paradigm shift towards alleviating health through food, their importance is large. Moreover, recent studies have changed the perspective that probiotics prevent numerous ailments in the major organs. Probiotics primarily produce biologically active compounds targeting discommodious pathogens. This review demonstrates the implications of using probiotics from different genres to prevent and alleviate ailments in the primary human organs. The findings reveal that probiotics immediately activate anti-inflammatory mechanisms by producing anti-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10, IL-11, and IL-13, and hindering pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α by involving regulatory T cells (Tregs) and T helper cells (Th cells). Several strains of Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus reuteri, Bifidobacterium longum, and Bifidobacterium breve have been listed among the probiotics that are excellent in alleviating various simple to complex ailments. Therefore, the importance of probiotics necessitates robust research to unveil the implications of probiotics, including the potency of strains, the optimal dosages, the combination of probiotics, their habitat in the host, the host response, and other pertinent factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Safiullah Virk
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (M.S.V.)
| | | | - Yufeng He
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (M.S.V.)
| | - Tabussam Tufail
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (M.S.V.)
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Mehak Gul
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Qayum
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (M.S.V.)
| | - Abdur Rehman
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (M.S.V.)
| | - Arif Rashid
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (M.S.V.)
| | - John-Nelson Ekumah
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (M.S.V.)
| | - Xu Han
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (M.S.V.)
| | - Junxia Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (M.S.V.)
| | - Xiaofeng Ren
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (M.S.V.)
- Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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3
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Qian XX. Characteristics of extra-oral halitosis induced by functional constipation: a prospective cohort study. J Breath Res 2024; 18:026006. [PMID: 38266272 DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/ad2213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Characteristics of extra-oral halitosis induced by functional constipation (FC) have never been revealed. To address this, this prospective cohort was conducted with 100 FC patients, who were divided into a halitosis group and a negative group. Organoleptic score (OLS) ⩾ 2 in nose breath was diagnosed as extra-oral halitosis. Concentration of overall volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) measured by Halimeter, concentration of hydrogen sulfide (HS), methanethiol (MT), dimethyl sulfide (DMS) and their total amount measured by OralChroma in nose breath was recorded asC-VSC,C-HS,C-MT,C-DMS andC-sum respectively. We found that 82% (82/100) of the FC patients had extra-oral halitosis. However, only 12.5% (3/82) and 1.22% (1/82) of halitosis group were correctly diagnosed with the current diagnostic threshold ofC-VSC ⩾ 110 parts per billion (ppb) and ⩾150 ppb.C-VSC,C-DMS andC-sum were significantly higher in the halitosis group compared to the negative group (allP< 0.001), with ratios of about 2.2 times, 3.1 times and 2.1 times respectively.C-HS andC-MT were low and not significantly different between the groups. Positive correlations were observed among OLS,C-VSC,C-DMS andC-sum. The area under curve of receiver operating characteristics ofC-VSC, C-DMS andC-sum for predicting FC-induced halitosis was 0.909, 0.9073 and 0.962 respectively, with the threshold values of ⩾36 ppb, ⩾52 ppb and ⩾75 ppb respectively. Therefore, we conclude that: (1) DMS is the primary contributor to FC-induced extra-oral halitosis. (2) OLS, Halimeter and OralChroma are consistent in detecting FC-induced extra-oral halitosis. (3) The diagnostic threshold for Halimeter should be adjusted toC-VSC ⩾ 36 ppb and the diagnostic threshold for OralChroma should be set asC-DMS ⩾ 52 ppb for diagnosing FC-induced extra-oral halitosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Xian Qian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Whole-Period Monitoring and Precise Intervention of Digestive Cancer, Shanghai Municipal Health Commission (SMHC), Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, People's Republic of China
- People's Hospital of Daguan County, No. 3 Internal Medicine Department, Daguan County, Yunnan Province 657400, People's Republic of China
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4
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Qian XX. Enterogenous extra-oral halitosis has a more severe impact on quality of life in females compared to males. J Breath Res 2024; 18:026005. [PMID: 38237169 DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/ad2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Some studies have examined the impact of intra-oral halitosis on quality of life (QOL), but the impact of enterogenous extra-oral halitosis (EOH) on QOL has not been previously studied. We conducted a retrospective analysis of data from 88 patients with enterogenous EOH who visited our online halitosis clinic. A specialized halitosis associated life-quality test (HALT) questionnaire was used to assess QOL of these patients. Spearman correlation analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between HALT score and age. We found that 21 (23.86%) patients were male and 67 (76.14%) patients were female. HALT scores in females were significantly higher than in males (57.6 ± 13.6vs.45.5 ± 11.9,P< 0.001). Additionally, 13 of the 20 items of the HALT questionnaire showed significant differences between the sexes. No correlation was identified between HALT score and age. Therefore, we conclude that: (1) enterogenous EOH has a more severe impact on QOL in females compared to males. (2) More females with EOH visit the offline halitosis clinic compared to males. (3) The QOL of patients with enterogenous EOH does not decline with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Xian Qian
- Department of gastroenterology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, People's Republic of China
- Key laboratory of whole-period monitoring and precise intervention of digestive cancer, Shanghai Municipal Health Commission (SMHC), Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, People's Republic of China
- People's Hospital of Daguan County, No.3 Internal Medicine Department, Daguan County, Yunnan Province 657400, People's Republic of China
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Petrariu OA, Barbu IC, Niculescu AG, Constantin M, Grigore GA, Cristian RE, Mihaescu G, Vrancianu CO. Role of probiotics in managing various human diseases, from oral pathology to cancer and gastrointestinal diseases. Front Microbiol 2024; 14:1296447. [PMID: 38249451 PMCID: PMC10797027 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1296447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The imbalance of microbial composition and diversity in favor of pathogenic microorganisms combined with a loss of beneficial gut microbiota taxa results from factors such as age, diet, antimicrobial administration for different infections, other underlying medical conditions, etc. Probiotics are known for their capacity to improve health by stimulating the indigenous gut microbiota, enhancing host immunity resistance to infection, helping digestion, and carrying out various other functions. Concurrently, the metabolites produced by these microorganisms, termed postbiotics, which include compounds like bacteriocins, lactic acid, and hydrogen peroxide, contribute to inhibiting a wide range of pathogenic bacteria. This review presents an update on using probiotics in managing and treating various human diseases, including complications that may emerge during or after a COVID-19 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana-Alina Petrariu
- Microbiology-Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ilda Czobor Barbu
- Microbiology-Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adelina-Gabriela Niculescu
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Politehnica University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Marian Constantin
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- Institute of Biology of Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Georgiana Alexandra Grigore
- Microbiology-Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Bucharest, Romania
- National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Roxana-Elena Cristian
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Grigore Mihaescu
- Microbiology-Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Corneliu Ovidiu Vrancianu
- Microbiology-Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Bucharest, Romania
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Fusco V, Chieffi D, Fanelli F, Montemurro M, Rizzello CG, Franz CMAP. The Weissella and Periweissella genera: up-to-date taxonomy, ecology, safety, biotechnological, and probiotic potential. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1289937. [PMID: 38169702 PMCID: PMC10758620 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1289937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacteria belonging to the genera Weissella and Periweissella are lactic acid bacteria, which emerged in the last decades for their probiotic and biotechnological potential. In 2015, an article reviewing the scientific literature till that date on the taxonomy, ecology, and biotechnological potential of the Weissella genus was published. Since then, the number of studies on this genus has increased enormously, several novel species have been discovered, the taxonomy of the genus underwent changes and new insights into the safety, and biotechnological and probiotic potential of weissellas and periweissellas could be gained. Here, we provide an updated overview (from 2015 until today) of the taxonomy, ecology, safety, biotechnological, and probiotic potential of these lactic acid bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzina Fusco
- National Research Council, Institute of Sciences of Food Production (CNR-ISPA), Bari, Italy
| | - Daniele Chieffi
- National Research Council, Institute of Sciences of Food Production (CNR-ISPA), Bari, Italy
| | - Francesca Fanelli
- National Research Council, Institute of Sciences of Food Production (CNR-ISPA), Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Montemurro
- National Research Council, Institute of Sciences of Food Production (CNR-ISPA), Bari, Italy
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7
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Du Y, Liu L, Yan W, Li Y, Li Y, Cui K, Yu P, Gu Z, Zhang W, Feng J, Li Z, Tang H, Du Y, Zhao H. The anticancer mechanisms of exopolysaccharide from Weissella cibaria D-2 on colorectal cancer via apoptosis induction. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21117. [PMID: 38036594 PMCID: PMC10689803 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47943-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Exopolysaccharide (EPS) from Weissella cibaria has been devoted to the study of food industry. However, the anticancer activity of W. cibaria derived EPS has not yet been investigated. In this study, we obtained the EPS from W. cibaria D-2 isolated from the feces of healthy infants and found that D-2-EPS, a homopolysaccharide with porous web like structure, could effectively inhibit the proliferation, migration, invasion and induce cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. In HT-29 tumor xenografts, D-2-EPS significantly retarded tumor growth without obvious cytotoxicity to normal organs. Furthermore, we revealed that D-2-EPS promoted the apoptosis of CRC cells by increasing the levels of Fas, FasL and activating Caspase-8/Caspase-3, indicating that D-2-EPS might induce apoptosis through the extrinsic Fas/FasL pathway. Taken together, the D-2-EPS has the potential to be developed as a nutraceutical or drug to prevent and treat colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurong Du
- Oncology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Oncology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Weiliang Yan
- Oncology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Yang Li
- International Institutes of Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, 322000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuanzhe Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Kang Cui
- Oncology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Pu Yu
- Oncology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Zhuoyu Gu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - WanCun Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Jianguo Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhen Li
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, Heart Center of Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 451464, Henan, China
| | - Hao Tang
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, Heart Center of Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 451464, Henan, China
| | - Yabing Du
- Oncology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
| | - Huan Zhao
- Oncology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
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Babina K, Salikhova D, Doroshina V, Makeeva I, Zaytsev A, Uvarichev M, Polyakova M, Novozhilova N. Antigingivitis and Antiplaque Effects of Oral Probiotic Containing the Streptococcus salivarius M18 Strain: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Nutrients 2023; 15:3882. [PMID: 37764667 PMCID: PMC10535351 DOI: 10.3390/nu15183882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to assess the effect of oral probiotic containing the Streptococcus salivarius M18 strain on gingival inflammation, bleeding on probing, and oral biofilm. Sixty-one consenting participants aged between 18 and 25 with gingivitis were recruited in this double-blind, parallel-group study and randomly divided into the probiotic group (n = 31) and the placebo group (n = 30). Fifty-seven participants completed the entire study protocol, 27 in the probiotic group and 30 in the placebo group. The outcomes were assessed after 4 weeks of intervention and 4 weeks of follow-up. There was a significant decrease in the Gingival Index, with the effect size of 0.58 [95%CI 0.05-1.10], and Turesky modification of the Quigley and Hein Plaque Index, with the effect size of 0.55 [95%CI: 0.02-1.07], in the probiotic group after the intervention. However, after a 4-week follow-up, the only significant treatment outcome was improved gingival condition according to the Gingival Index. The Gingival Bleeding Index also decreased significantly in the probiotic group after the intervention period; after the follow-up, this parameter did not differ significantly in both groups from the baseline values. In the placebo group, there were no significant improvements in the assessed parameters throughout this study. No serious side effects were registered. Within the limitations of this study, we conclude that the use of oral probiotic containing the Streptococcus salivarius M18 strain resulted in a significant improvement in gingival condition and oral hygiene level in young adults with gingivitis. Trial registration NCT05727436. Funding: none.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ksenia Babina
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (D.S.); (V.D.); (I.M.); (M.U.); (M.P.); (N.N.)
| | - Dilara Salikhova
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (D.S.); (V.D.); (I.M.); (M.U.); (M.P.); (N.N.)
| | - Vladlena Doroshina
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (D.S.); (V.D.); (I.M.); (M.U.); (M.P.); (N.N.)
| | - Irina Makeeva
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (D.S.); (V.D.); (I.M.); (M.U.); (M.P.); (N.N.)
| | - Alexandr Zaytsev
- Institute of Linguistics and Intercultural Communication, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Matvey Uvarichev
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (D.S.); (V.D.); (I.M.); (M.U.); (M.P.); (N.N.)
| | - Maria Polyakova
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (D.S.); (V.D.); (I.M.); (M.U.); (M.P.); (N.N.)
| | - Nina Novozhilova
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (D.S.); (V.D.); (I.M.); (M.U.); (M.P.); (N.N.)
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9
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Szalai E, Tajti P, Szabó B, Kói T, Hegyi P, Czumbel LM, Varga G, Kerémi B. ORGANOLEPTIC AND HALITOMETRIC ASSESSMENTS DO NOT CORRELATE WELL IN INTRA-ORAL HALITOSIS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS. J Evid Based Dent Pract 2023; 23:101862. [PMID: 37689445 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebdp.2023.101862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gold standard method for diagnosing oral halitosis is the subjective organoleptic measurement. Device-supported methods are also widespread worldwide. The challenges and safety concerns around performing organoleptic measurements during pandemics and the diversity of measuring device alternatives raised our clinical question: which halitometer is the most suitable for diagnosing halitosis? METHODS This systematic review was registered in PROSPERO (ID CRD42022320024). The search was performed on March 23, 2022 in the following electronic databases: MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and CENTRAL. Adult populations with or without halitosis were included, and patients with systemic diseases were excluded. Organoleptic (subjective) measurement and the device-supported (objective) methods were compared; the primary outcome was the correlation coefficient, and the secondary was the specificity and sensitivity of the devices. QUADAS-2 and QUADAS-C were used to evaluate the risk of bias in the studies. Random-effects meta analyses were performed on the outcomes, and the secondary outcomes were plotted on a common ROC plot. RESULTS A total of 1231 records were found in the 5 databases. After the selection process, 76 articles were eligible for the systematic review, and 14,635 patients were involved in the qualitative analysis. The pooled Spearman's correlation coefficient (c.c.) for sulfide monitors was 0.65; 95% CIs: [0.53-0.74]; I2 = 95%, P < .01. The pooled Spearman's c.c. for portable gas chromatographs was 0.69; 95% CIs: [0.63-0.74]; I2 = 12%, P < .01. The pooled Spearman's c.c. for gas chromatographs was 0.76; 95% CIs: [0.67-0.83]; I2 = 0%, P < .01. DISCUSSION None of the most commonly used halitometers proved to be significantly superior to the others. Halimeter and OralChroma measurements did not correlate well with the organoleptic level of oral halitosis in adults. Therefore, better halitometers need to be developed as an alternative to organoleptic measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Szalai
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Tajti
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Prosthodontics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bence Szabó
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Kói
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Stochastics, Institute of Mathematics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Hegyi
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary; Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Márk Czumbel
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Periodontology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Varga
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Beáta Kerémi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
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10
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Han HS, Yum H, Cho YD, Kim S. Improvement of halitosis by probiotic bacterium Weissella cibaria CMU: A randomized controlled trial. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1108762. [PMID: 36733919 PMCID: PMC9886871 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1108762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Several in vitro and in vivo studies have evaluated the effect of probiotics on oral health; however, human clinical studies are still limited. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effects of Weissella cibaria Chonnam Medical University (CMU)-containing tablets on halitosis. This randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study included 100 adults with halitosis (age, 20-70 years). The participants were randomly assigned to the test group (n = 50) and control group (n = 50). One tablet [1 × 108 colony forming units (CFU)/tablet] was to be taken each day over 8 weeks. The concentrations of volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs), bad breath improvement scores, and oral colonization of W. cibaria were measured. Psychosocial indicators including depression, self-esteem, oral health-related quality of life, and subjective oral health status were evaluated. Most variables were assessed at baseline, 4, and 8 weeks, and W. cibaria number and safety variables were assessed at baseline and 8 weeks. Intergroup comparisons were carried out using Student's t-test, Chi-square test, or Fisher's exact test on per-protocol analysis. Intragroup differences before and after intake were analyzed using the linear mixed-effect model (LMM). Per-protocol analysis was carried out in the test group (n = 45) and control group (n = 46). Total VSC was significantly lower in the probiotics group than in the placebo group at baseline (week 0, p = 0.046) and at 8 weeks (p = 0.017). The sum of hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan did not differ significantly between the groups at baseline; however, it was significantly lower in the probiotics group than in the placebo group at week 8 (p = 0.012). Bad breath improvement (BBI) scores were significantly reduced at week 8 (p = 0.006) in the probiotics group. Statistically significant intergroup differences were observed for changes in the level of W. cibaria at week 8 (p < 0.001). Psychological indicators significantly improved from baseline to week 8 in the probiotics group. No safety issues were observed in either group. The levels of W. cibaria was higher in patients with halitosis using W. cibaria CMU-containing tablets. The subjective degree of bad breath and psychological indicators were improved in patients with halitosis using W. cibaria CMU-containing tablets.
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11
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Huang N, Li J, Qiao X, Wu Y, Liu Y, Wu C, Li L. Efficacy of probiotics in the management of halitosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e060753. [PMID: 36600415 PMCID: PMC9809225 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-060753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Halitosis is defined as a foul odour emitted from the oral cavity. Many interventions have been used to control halitosis from mouthwashes to chewing gums. Probiotics have been reported as an alternative method to alleviate halitosis. OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to investigate the effect of probiotics on halitosis from a time perspective. DESIGN AND METHODS This is a meta-analysis study performed in indexed databases up to February 2021. Randomised controlled trials that compared the effects of probiotics and placebo on primary outcomes (organoleptic (OLP) scores and volatile sulfur compound (VSC) levels) and secondary outcomes (tongue coating scores (TCS) and plaque index (PI)) were included. Data extraction and quality assessment were conducted independently by two reviewers. Publication bias and leave-one-out analyses were performed. RESULTS The standardised mean difference (SMD) and 95% CI were calculated to synthesise data. The data were subgrouped and analysed in the short term (≤4 weeks) and long term (>4 weeks) based on the follow-up time. Seven articles were included in this meta-analysis. The primary outcomes, OLP scores (SMD=-0.58; 95% CI -0.87 to -0.30, p<0.0001) and VSC levels (SMD=-0.26; 95% CI -0.51 to -0.01, p=0.04), both decreased significantly in the probiotics group compared with the placebo group in the short term. However, a significant reduction was observed only in OLP scores (SMD=-0.45; 95% CI -0.85 to -0.04, p=0.03) in the long term. No significant differences were observed in secondary outcomes. There was no evidence of publication bias. The leave-one-out analysis confirmed that the pooled estimate was stable. CONCLUSIONS According to the results of this work, it seems that probiotics (eg, Lactobacillus salivarius, Lactobacillus reuteri, Streptococcus salivarius and Weissella cibaria) may relieve halitosis in the short term (≤4 weeks). The results of the biased assessment, limited data and heterogeneity of the clinical trials included might reduce the reliability of the conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nengwen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinjin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianghe Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongzhi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunkun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chenzhou Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Longjiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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12
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Do KH, Seo K, Kim S, Kim S, Park GY, Kang MS, Lee WK. Therapeutic Efficacy of Weissella cibaria CMU and CMS1 on Allergic Inflammation Exacerbated by Diesel Exhaust Particulate Matter in a Murine Asthma Model. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:medicina58091310. [PMID: 36143987 PMCID: PMC9500616 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58091310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Diesel exhaust particulate matter (DEPM) is an air pollutant that is associated with asthma. In this study, the therapeutic efficacy of Weissella cibaria strains CMU (Chonnam Medical University) and CMS (Chonnam Medical School) 1, together with the drug Synatura, an anti-tussive expectorant, was investigated in a murine asthma model exacerbated by DEPM. Materials and Methods: BALB/c mice were sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA) before intranasal challenge with OVA and DEPM. W. cibaria CMU, CMS1, and Synatura were administered orally for 21 days. Results: Neither Synatura nor W. cibaria strains affected spleen, liver, or lung weights. W. cibaria strains CMU and CMS1 significantly reduced the levels of interleukin (IL)-4, OVA-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE), and total lung collagen in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), similar to those with Synatura, regardless of the oral dose concentration (p < 0.05). In addition, the W. cibaria CMU strain significantly alleviated IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, and tumor necrosis factor-α in BALF, whereas the CMS1 strain significantly alleviated IL-10 and IL-12 in BALF (p < 0.05); however, Synatura did not show any statistical efficacy against them (p > 0.05). All concentrations of W. cibaria CMU and low concentrations of W. cibaria CMS1 significantly reduced lung bronchiolar changes and inflammatory cell infiltration. Conclusions: In conclusion, W. cibaria CMU in asthmatic mice showed better efficacy than W. cibaria CMS1 in improving asthma exacerbated by DEPM exposure, as well as better results than pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Hyo Do
- Laboratory of Veterinary Bacteriology and Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Kwangwon Seo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Sanggu Kim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology and Platelet Signaling, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Soochong Kim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology and Platelet Signaling, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | | | - Mi-Sun Kang
- R&D Center, OraPharm, Inc., Seoul 04782, Korea
- Correspondence: (M.-S.K.); (W.-K.L.); Tel.: +82-2-2138-2572 (M.-S.K.); +82-43-261-2960 (W.-K.L.)
| | - Wan-Kyu Lee
- Laboratory of Veterinary Bacteriology and Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
- Correspondence: (M.-S.K.); (W.-K.L.); Tel.: +82-2-2138-2572 (M.-S.K.); +82-43-261-2960 (W.-K.L.)
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13
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Tay JRH, Ng E, Lai CWM, Lim LP, Ong MMA. The efficacy of probiotics in the management of intra-oral halitosis: a systematic review. Clin Oral Investig 2022; 26:4687-4700. [PMID: 35536439 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04522-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the efficacy of probiotics in reducing halitosis of dental origin. METHODS MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CENTRAL were searched up to and including June 2020. Randomised placebo-controlled, double-blinded clinical trials in systemically healthy adult patients who were given any form of probiotics to manage halitosis of dental origin were included. Primary outcome measures were organoleptic scores and volatile sulphur concentration levels. Secondary outcome measures were microbiologic parameters and quality of life (QOL). RESULTS Of the 301 potentially relevant articles, eight articles were selected for the review. The risk of bias assessment showed that two studies were of low risk of bias, four studies had some concerns, and two studies had a high risk of bias. The beneficial effect of probiotics could neither be confirmed in periodontally treated patients administered with up to 8 weeks of probiotics, nor in periodontitis patients who received both non-surgical periodontal therapy and adjunctive probiotics up to 90 days. Microbiological findings 1 month after probiotics administration and QOL measures showed no significant differences compared to control. Considerable heterogeneity was observed among probiotic administration protocols. CONCLUSIONS The available evidence suggests no convincing benefit for the use of probiotics in the management of halitosis. Standardised protocols on recruitment of halitosis subjects and organoleptic measurements are required for future studies on probiotics as an intervention. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The lack of well-conducted studies with a low risk of bias precludes any clinical recommendation. Further research is needed to verify the efficacy of probiotics in the management of intra-oral halitosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Rong Hao Tay
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, National Dental Centre Singapore, 5 Hospital Avenue, Singapore, 168938, Singapore.
| | - Ethan Ng
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, National Dental Centre Singapore, 5 Hospital Avenue, Singapore, 168938, Singapore
| | - Clement Wei Ming Lai
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, 9 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119085, Singapore
| | - Lum Peng Lim
- Discipline of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, 9 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119085, Singapore
| | - Marianne Meng Ann Ong
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, National Dental Centre Singapore, 5 Hospital Avenue, Singapore, 168938, Singapore
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14
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López-Valverde N, López-Valverde A, Macedo de Sousa B, Rodríguez C, Suárez A, Aragoneses JM. Role of Probiotics in Halitosis of Oral Origin: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Studies. Front Nutr 2022; 8:787908. [PMID: 35127785 PMCID: PMC8813778 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.787908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Halitosis or oral malodor is a condition caused by the putrefaction of sulfur-containing amino acids. It affects 30–50% of the population and causes social rejection, reducing quality of life, and self-esteem. Probiotics, especially Lactobacillus species, have been proposed for the treatment of genuine halitosis, due to their ability to reduce bacterial colonization. Our objective was to evaluate their use for the treatment of oral halitosis. Applying the PRISMA statement guidelines, we searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases for scientific articles from the last 15 years, up to July 2021. The keywords used were “Probiotics”; “Halitosis”; “Mouth diseases”; “Oral health”; “Humans”; “Randomized Clinical Trials” according to the question, “Are probiotics effective for the reduction or elimination of oral halitosis?” Fourteen studies were identified, although only four met the inclusion criteria. We evaluated 283 participants treated with two different probiotics, with a follow-up of at least 2 weeks. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration tool. A fixed-effects meta-analysis was performed. No statistical significance was found (p = 0.53). Despite the limitations of this meta-analysis, we believe that some probiotics have a beneficial effect on halitosis, although more clinical trials are needed to establish real evidence on this aspect.Systematic Review Registration:https://doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.9.0009, identifier: INPLASY20211900.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nansi López-Valverde
- Department of Surgery, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Antonio López-Valverde
- Department of Surgery, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Bruno Macedo de Sousa
- Institute for Occlusion and Orofacial Pain Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Cinthia Rodríguez
- Department of Dentistry, Universidad Federico Henríquez y Carvajal, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
| | - Ana Suárez
- Department of Preclinical Dentistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Ana Suárez
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15
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Dolan LC, Arceneaux BG, Do KH, Lee WK, Park GY, Kang MS, Choi KC. Toxicological and safety evaluations of Weissella cibaria strain CMU in animal toxicity and genotoxicity. Toxicol Res 2022; 38:293-310. [PMID: 35865276 PMCID: PMC9247120 DOI: 10.1007/s43188-021-00119-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Weissella cibaria belongs to the Lactobacillaceae family and has been isolated from traditional fermented foods and saliva of children with good oral health. Previous investigations have shown that W. cibaria CMU (Chonnam Medical University) is expected to be safe based on results of in silico and in vitro analyses. However, there is a lack of studies assessing its safety in vivo. A toxicological safety evaluation of W. cibaria CMU was performed using an acute oral safety study in rats, a 14-day oral range finding study, a subsequent 13-week oral toxicity study in rats and a genetic toxicity battery (in vitro bacterial reverse mutation, in vitro chromosome aberration in Chinese Hamster Ovary cells and in vivo micronucleus study in mice). The results of the studies in rats showed that the acute lethal dose of W. cibaria CMU is > 5000 mg/kg body weight (bw)/day (1.8 × 109 CFU/kg bw/day) and the 14-day or 13-week no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) is 5000 mg/kg bw/day (1.8 × 109 CFU/kg bw/day), the highest dose administered. W. cibaria CMU was non-mutagenic in the bacterial reverse mutation test and non-clastogenic or aneugenic in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, the toxicological studies performed demonstrated W. cibaria CMU to be a safe strain to consume. This study is the first study examining the potential of a W. cibaria strain to cause genetic toxicity and subchronic toxicity in rats according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie C. Dolan
- GRAS Associates, LLC, 11810 Grand Park Avenue, Suite 500, North Bethesda, MD 20852 USA
| | - Benjamin G. Arceneaux
- Nutrasource Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Services, 120 Research Lane, Suite 101, Guelph, ON N1G 0B4 Canada
| | - Kyung-Hyo Do
- Laboratory of Veterinary Bacteriology and Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644 Republic of Korea
| | - Wan-Kyu Lee
- Laboratory of Veterinary Bacteriology and Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644 Republic of Korea
| | - Geun-Yeong Park
- R&D Center, OraPharm, Inc., 905-ho, 9-16, Yeonmujang-5-gil, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04782 Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Sun Kang
- R&D Center, OraPharm, Inc., 905-ho, 9-16, Yeonmujang-5-gil, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04782 Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Chul Choi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644 Republic of Korea
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16
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Yuan S, Wang Y, Zhao F, Kang L. Complete Genome Sequence of Weissella confusa LM1 and Comparative Genomic Analysis. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:749218. [PMID: 34650545 PMCID: PMC8506157 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.749218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The genus Weissella is attracting an increasing amount of attention because of its multiple functions and probiotic potential. In particular, the species Weissella confusa is known to have great potential in industrial applications and exhibits numerous biological functions. However, the knowledge on this bacterium in insects is not investigated. Here, we isolated and identified W. confusa as the dominant lactic acid bacteria in the gut of the migratory locust. We named this strain W. confusa LM1, which is the first genome of an insect-derived W. confusa strain with one complete chromosome and one complete plasmid. Among all W. confusa strains, W. confusa LM1 had the largest genome. Its genome was the closest to that of W. confusa 1001271B_151109_G12, a strain from human feces. Our results provided accurate evolutionary relationships of known Weissella species and W. confusa strains. Based on genomic analysis, the pan-genome of W. confusa is in an open state. Most strains of W. confusa had the unique genes, indicating that these strains can adapt to different ecological niches and organisms. However, the variation of strain-specific genes did represent significant correlations with their hosts and ecological niches. These strains were predicted to have low potential to produce secondary metabolites. Furthermore, no antibiotic resistance genes were identified. At the same time, virulence factors associated with toxin production and secretion system were not found, indicating that W. confusa strains were not sufficient to perform virulence. Our study facilitated the discovery of the functions of W. confusa LM1 in locust biology and their potential application to locust management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenglei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yundan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fangqing Zhao
- Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Le Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding, China
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17
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Yeu JE, Lee HG, Park GY, Lee J, Kang MS. Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activities of Weissella cibaria against Pathogens of Upper Respiratory Tract Infections. Microorganisms 2021; 9:1181. [PMID: 34070813 PMCID: PMC8229644 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9061181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently discovered preventive effects of probiotics on oral health have attracted interest to their use for the prevention and treatment of various diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties of Weissella cibaria against Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, S. pneumoniae, and Moraxella catarrhalis, the major pathogens of upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs). The antimicrobial activities of W. cibaria were compared with those of other oral probiotics using a competitive inhibition assay and the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs). In addition, a time-kill assay, spectrophotometry, and confocal laser scanning microscopy were used to confirm the antimicrobial and antibiofilm abilities of W. cibaria CMU (oraCMU) and CMS1 (oraCMS1). Both live cells and cell-free supernatants of all tested probiotics, except Streptococcus salivarius, showed excellent antimicrobial activities. All target pathogens were killed within 4 to 24 h at twice the MIC of oraCMU and oraCMS1, which showed the highest antimicrobial activities against M. catarrhalis. The antimicrobial substances that affected different target pathogens were different. Both oraCMU and oraCMS1 showed excellent abilities to inhibit biofilm formation and remove preformed biofilms. Our results suggest that the W. cibaria probiotics offer new possibilities for the prevention and treatment of bacterial URTIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Eun Yeu
- R&D Center, OraPharm, Inc., Seoul 04782, Korea; (J.-E.Y.); (G.-Y.P.)
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea;
| | - Hyeon-Gyu Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea;
| | - Geun-Yeong Park
- R&D Center, OraPharm, Inc., Seoul 04782, Korea; (J.-E.Y.); (G.-Y.P.)
| | - Jisun Lee
- Bio-Healthcare Food Science Interdisciplinary Major, School of Humanities, Art & Technology, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Korea;
| | - Mi-Sun Kang
- R&D Center, OraPharm, Inc., Seoul 04782, Korea; (J.-E.Y.); (G.-Y.P.)
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18
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A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial to Assess the Acidogenic Potential of Dental Biofilms through a Tablet Containing Weissella cibaria CMU. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18094674. [PMID: 33924761 PMCID: PMC8124772 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The possibility of preventing dental caries by taking probiotic bacterium Weissella cibaria (W. cibaria) CMU tablets to alter the pH of the dental plaque in the oral cavity was evaluated. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was performed on adults aged 20 years or older with 20 or more natural teeth. Ninety-two people underwent dental scaling before being randomly assigned to the experimental group (n = 49) or the control group (n = 43). Depending on the group they belonged to, W. cibaria CMU or the placebo was administered to them once daily for 8 weeks before bedtime. Twenty-four subjects were later excluded from the study because the week 8 dosing was not smoothly performed, for a final subject count of 68. The Cariview test was used to evaluate the amount of acid produced by the dental plaque to assess the risk of caries. The results showed that although there was no significant difference between the results of the two groups, the intake of the W. cibaria CMU tablets eliminated the risk of developing dental caries from acid production in the oral flora because the W. cibaria colonizes and lives in the dental plaque and the oral cavity and suppresses acids.
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19
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Teixeira CG, Fusieger A, Milião GL, Martins E, Drider D, Nero LA, de Carvalho AF. Weissella: An Emerging Bacterium with Promising Health Benefits. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2021; 13:915-925. [PMID: 33565028 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-021-09751-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Weissella strains have been the subject of much research over the last 5 years because of the genus' technological and probiotic potential. Certain strains have attracted the attention of the pharmaceutical, medical, and food industries because of their ability to produce antimicrobial exopolysaccharides (EPSs). Moreover, Weissella strains are able to keep foodborne pathogens in check because of the bacteriocins, hydrogen peroxide, and organic acids they can produce; all listed have recognized pathogen inhibitory activities. The Weissella genus has also shown potential for treating atopic dermatitis and certain cancers. W. cibaria, W. confusa, and W. paramesenteroides are particularly of note because of their probiotic potential (fermentation of prebiotic fibers) and their ability to survive in the gastrointestinal tract. It is important to note that most of the Weissella strains with these health-promoting properties have been shown to be save safe, due to the absence or the low occurrence of virulence or antibiotic-resistant genes. A large number of scientific studies continue to report on and to support the use of Weissella strains in the food and pharmaceutical industries. This review provides an overview of these studies and draws conclusions for future uses of this rich and previously unexplored genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Gonçalves Teixeira
- InovaLeite - Laboratório de Pesquisa em Leites eDerivados, Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 36570900, MG, Brazil
| | - Andressa Fusieger
- InovaLeite - Laboratório de Pesquisa em Leites eDerivados, Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 36570900, MG, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Leite Milião
- InovaLeite - Laboratório de Pesquisa em Leites eDerivados, Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 36570900, MG, Brazil
| | - Evandro Martins
- InovaLeite - Laboratório de Pesquisa em Leites eDerivados, Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 36570900, MG, Brazil
| | - Djamel Drider
- UMR Transfrontalière BioEcoAgro1158, Univ. Lille, INRAE, Univ. Liège, UPJV, YNCREA, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte D'Opale, ICV - Institut Charles Viollette, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Luís Augusto Nero
- InsPOA - Laboratório de Inspeção de Produtos de Origem Animal, Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 36570900, MG, Brazil.
| | - Antônio Fernandes de Carvalho
- InovaLeite - Laboratório de Pesquisa em Leites eDerivados, Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 36570900, MG, Brazil.
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20
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Patrone V, Al-Surrayai T, Romaniello F, Fontana A, Milani G, Sagheddu V, Puglisi E, Callegari ML, Al-Mansour H, Kishk MW, Morelli L. Integrated Phenotypic-Genotypic Analysis of Candidate Probiotic Weissella Cibaria Strains Isolated from Dairy Cows in Kuwait. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2020; 13:809-823. [PMID: 33085038 PMCID: PMC8203532 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-020-09715-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Probiotics represent a possible strategy for controlling intestinal infections in livestock. Members of the Weissella genus are increasingly being studied for health-related applications in animals and humans. Here we investigated the functional properties of two Weissella cibaria strains isolated from cows reared in Kuwait breeding facilities by combining phenotypic with genomic analyses. W. cibaria SP7 and SP19 exhibited good growth in vitro under acidic conditions and in the presence of bile salts compared to the reference probiotic Lacticaseibacillus (formerly Lactobacillus) rhamnosus GG. Both strains were able to adhere to Caco-2 and HT-29 cell lines, as well as to mucin. The cell-free supernatants of the two isolates exhibited inhibitory activity towards Escherichia coli ATCC 25,922 and Salmonella enterica UC3605, which was ultimately due to the low pH of supernatants. W. cibaria SP19 showed a co-aggregation ability similar to that of L. rhamnosus GG when incubated with S. enterica. Whole genome sequencing and analysis revealed that both strains harbored several genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism and general stress responses, indicating bacterial adaptation to the gastrointestinal environment. We also detected genes involved in the adhesion to host epithelial cells or extracellular matrix. No evidence of acquired antibiotic resistance or hemolytic activity was found in either strain. These findings shed light on the potential of W. cibaria for probiotic use in livestock and on the mechanisms underlying host-microbe interaction in the gut. W. cibaria` strain SP19 exhibited the best combination of in vitro probiotic properties and genetic markers, and is a promising candidate for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vania Patrone
- Department for Sustainable Food Process (DiSTAS), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, via E. Parmense 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Romaniello
- Biotechnological Research Centre, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, via Milano 24, 26100, Cremona, Italy
| | - Alessandra Fontana
- Department for Sustainable Food Process (DiSTAS), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, via E. Parmense 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Giovanni Milani
- Department for Sustainable Food Process (DiSTAS), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, via E. Parmense 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Valeria Sagheddu
- AAT - Advanced Analytical Technologies Srl, Via P. Majavacca 12, 29107, Fiorenzuola d'Arda (Piacenza), Italy
| | - Edoardo Puglisi
- Department for Sustainable Food Process (DiSTAS), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, via E. Parmense 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Callegari
- Biotechnological Research Centre, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, via Milano 24, 26100, Cremona, Italy.
| | | | | | - Lorenzo Morelli
- Department for Sustainable Food Process (DiSTAS), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, via E. Parmense 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy
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