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Abe M, Yamaguchi T, Koshiba S, Takayama S, Nakai T, Nishioka K, Yamasaki S, Kawaguchi K, Umeyama M, Masaura A, Ishizawa K, Arita R, Kanno T, Akaishi T, Miyazaki M, Abe T, Tanaka T, Ishii T. Oral alkalinizing supplementation suppressed intrarenal reactive oxidative stress in mild-stage chronic kidney disease: a randomized cohort study. Clin Exp Nephrol 2024:10.1007/s10157-024-02517-3. [PMID: 38872014 DOI: 10.1007/s10157-024-02517-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The beneficial effects of oral supplements with alkalinizing agents in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have been limited to the severe stages. We investigated whether two types of supplements, sodium bicarbonate (SB) and potassium citrate/sodium citrate (PCSC), could maintain renal function in patients with mild-stage CKD. METHODS This was a single-center, open-labeled, randomized cohort trial. Study participants with CKD stages G2, G3a, and G3b were enrolled between March 2013 and January 2019 and randomly assigned by stratification according to age, sex, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and diabetes. They were followed up for 6 months (short-term study) for the primary endpoints and extended to 2 years (long-term study) for the secondary endpoints. Supplementary doses were adjusted to achieve an early morning urinary pH of 6.8-7.2. We observed renal dysfunction or new-onset cerebrovascular disease and evaluated urinary surrogate markers for renal injury. RESULTS Overall, 101 participants were registered and allocated to three groups: standard (n = 32), SB (n = 34), and PCSC (n = 35). Two patients in the standard group attained the primary endpoints (renal stones and overt proteinuria) but were not statistically significant. There was one patient in the standard reduced eGFR during the long-term study (p = 0.042 by ANOVA). SB increased proteinuria (p = 0.0139, baseline vs. 6 months), whereas PCSC significantly reduced proteinuria (p = 0.0061, baseline vs. 1 year, or p = 0.0186, vs. 2 years) and urinary excretion of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (p = 0.0481, baseline vs. 6 months). CONCLUSION This study is the first to report supplementation of PCSC reduced intrarenal oxidative stress in patients with mild-stage CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiaki Abe
- Department of Education and Support for Regional Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-Machi, Sendai, Miyagi, 9808574, Japan.
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology and Endocrinology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
| | - Takuhiro Yamaguchi
- Clinical Research Data Center, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Seizo Koshiba
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Shin Takayama
- Department of Education and Support for Regional Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-Machi, Sendai, Miyagi, 9808574, Japan
| | - Toshiki Nakai
- Medical Affairs Department, Nippon Chemiphar Co., Ltd, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichiro Nishioka
- Medical Affairs Department, Nippon Chemiphar Co., Ltd, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satomi Yamasaki
- Medical Affairs Department, Nippon Chemiphar Co., Ltd, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Kawaguchi
- Medical Affairs Department, Nippon Chemiphar Co., Ltd, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masanori Umeyama
- Development Planning Department, Nippon Chemiphar Co., Ltd, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsuko Masaura
- Department of Education and Support for Regional Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-Machi, Sendai, Miyagi, 9808574, Japan
| | - Kota Ishizawa
- Department of Education and Support for Regional Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-Machi, Sendai, Miyagi, 9808574, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Arita
- Department of Education and Support for Regional Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-Machi, Sendai, Miyagi, 9808574, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kanno
- Department of Education and Support for Regional Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-Machi, Sendai, Miyagi, 9808574, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Akaishi
- Department of Education and Support for Regional Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-Machi, Sendai, Miyagi, 9808574, Japan
| | - Mariko Miyazaki
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology and Endocrinology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Takaaki Abe
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology and Endocrinology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Department of Clinical Biology and Hormonal Regulation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiro Tanaka
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology and Endocrinology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tadashi Ishii
- Department of Education and Support for Regional Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-Machi, Sendai, Miyagi, 9808574, Japan
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Shen F, Wang Q, Ullah S, Pan Y, Zhao M, Wang J, Chen M, Feng F, Zhong H. Ligilactobacillus acidipiscis YJ5 modulates the gut microbiota and produces beneficial metabolites to relieve constipation by enhancing the mucosal barrier. Food Funct 2024; 15:310-325. [PMID: 38086666 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo03259k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Constipation is a prevalent gastrointestinal (GI) problem affecting a large number of individuals. This study aimed to investigate peristalsis-promoting potential characteristics of Ligilactobacillus acidipiscis YJ5 and the underlying molecular mechanism. The study demonstrated the relieving effect of L. acidipiscis YJ5 on constipation in both zebrafish and mouse models. L. acidipiscis YJ5 intervention significantly increased intestinal peristalsis by reducing the peak time and increasing the fluorescence disappearance rate in the zebrafish model. In the mouse model, the symptoms of constipation relief induced by L. acidipiscis YJ5 included a shortened first black stool time, an increased number of defecation particles, an accelerated propulsion rate of the small intestine, and an increase in fecal water content. L. acidipiscis YJ5 was found to reduce the expression of colonic aquaporins to normalize the colonic water transport system of constipated mice. Additionally, L. acidipiscis YJ5 reversed loperamide-induced morphological damage in the ileum and colon and increased the colonic mucosal barrier. The results of the 16S rRNA gene analysis indicated that L. acidipiscis YJ5 could reverse the structure of gut microbiota to a near-normal group, including levels of β-diversity, phylum, family, and genus. Furthermore, the fermentation supernatant of L. acidipiscis YJ5 was shown to relieve constipation, and metabolomics analysis revealed that these positive effects were related to its metabolites like malic acid and heliangin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Shen
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Qianqian Wang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Sami Ullah
- ZhongYuan Institute, Zhejiang University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Ya Pan
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Minjie Zhao
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Jing Wang
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, 315100, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Hangzhou Kangyuan Food Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Fengqin Feng
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, 315100, China
- ZhongYuan Institute, Zhejiang University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Hao Zhong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
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Isakov VA, Pilipenko VI, Vlasova AV, Kochetkova AA. Evaluation of the Efficacy of Kombucha-Based Drink Enriched with Inulin and Vitamins for the Management of Constipation-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Females: A Randomized Pilot Study. Curr Dev Nutr 2023; 7:102037. [PMID: 38149073 PMCID: PMC10750126 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2023.102037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-C) mainly affects females, and dietary interventions for symptom relief often yield poor results because of low patient adherence. The development of functional food products enriched with dietary fibers may increase patients' adherence to a healthy diet and relieve IBS-С symptoms. Objective This proof-of-concept, open-label, randomized controlled pilot study is aimed to evaluate the efficacy of kombucha enriched with inulin and vitamins in females with IBS-C. Methods Forty females with IBS-C were randomly assigned to receive either 220 mL of kombucha enriched with inulin (2.53 g/220 mL) and vitamins (B1 - 0.59 mg, B2 - 0.55 mg, B3 - 5.9 mg, B6 - 0.7 mg, and folic acid - 81.4 μg/220 mL) or water for 10 d. Stool frequency, Bristol stool scale score (BSSS), and abdominal symptoms were evaluated using a 5-point Likert scale on days 5, 9 and 14 of the study. The palatability of the drink was assessed using a visual analog scale. Results After 10 d, the kombucha group showed a significant increase in stool frequency (0.60 ± 0.31-0.85 ± 0.19 times/d; P = 0.004) compared with the control (0.63 ± 0.33 compared with 0.72 ± 0.28; P = 0.6). The mean values of the BSSS increased in the kombucha group (3.0 ± 1.2-4.4 ± 1.0; P = 0.001), whereas they remained unchanged in the control (2.9 ± 1.2 compared with 3.4 ± 1.2; P = 0.6). The kombucha group also experienced a significant decrease in the feeling of incomplete bowel emptying (1.88 ± 0.78 compared with 1.41 ± 0.56 points; P = 0.015), which was not observed in the control group. Conclusions Short-term consumption of kombucha enriched with inulin and vitamins was associated with an increase in stool frequency, an improvement in the BSSS, and a reduction in the feeling of incomplete bowel emptying in females with IBS-C. Further large-scale clinical trials investigating the efficacy of kombucha enriched with inulin and vitamins in patients with IBS-C are warranted to prove the observed effects. Trial registration number This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT05164861 (==https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05164861?term=NCT05164861&rank=1; registered on 18 December, 2021).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasily A Isakov
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir I Pilipenko
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alina V Vlasova
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alla A Kochetkova
- Laboratory of Food Biotechnology and Foods for Special Dietary Uses, Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russia
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Zhang MM, Gong ZC, Zhao Q, Xu DQ, Fu RJ, Tang YP, Chen YY. Time-dependent laxative effect of sennoside A, the core functional component of rhubarb, is attributed to gut microbiota and aquaporins. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 311:116431. [PMID: 37003403 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Sennoside A is a natural anthraquinone component mainly derived from rhubarb and has been routinely used as a clinical stimulant laxative. However, long-term application of sennoside A may lead to drug resistance and even adverse reactions, thus limiting its clinical use. Therefore, to reveal the time-dependent laxative effect and potential mechanism of sennoside A is of critical importance. AIM OF THE STUDY This study was conducted to investigate the time-dependent laxative effect of sennoside A and unveil its underlying mechanism from the perspective of gut microbiota and aquaporins (AQPs). MATERIALS AND METHODS Based on a mouse constipation model, 2.6 mg/kg sennoside A was administered orally for 1, 3, 7, 14 and 21 days, respectively. The laxative effect was assessed by the fecal index and fecal water content, the histopathology of the small intestine and colon was evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Gut microbiota changes was observed by 16S rDNA sequencing, and colonic AQPs expression was analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. Partial least-squares regression (PLSR) was used to screen out the effective indicators contributing to the laxative effect of sennoside A. The effective indicators were then fitted to time by a drug-time curve model to analyze the trend of efficacy of sennoside A, and the optimal time of administration was derived by comprehensive analysis with a three-dimensional (3D) time-effect image. RESULTS Sennoside A had a significant laxative effect at 7 days of administration with no pathological changes in the small intestine or colon; however, at 14 or 21 days of administration, the laxative effect diminished and slight damage to the colon was observed. Sennoside A affects the structure and function of gut microbes. The alpha diversity showed that the abundance and diversity of gut microorganisms reached the highest value after 7 days of administration. Partial least squares discriminant analysis showed that the composition of the flora was close to normal when administered for less than 7 days, but was closest to the composition of constipation over 7 days. The expression of aquaporin 3 (AQP3) and aquaporin 7 (AQP7) decreased gradually after the administration of sennoside A, with the lowest expression at 7 days, and then increased gradually afterwards, while the expression of aquaporin 1 (AQP1) was the opposite. The PLSR results showed that AQP1, AQP3, Lactobacillus, Romboutsia, Akkermansia and UCG_005 contributed more to the laxative effect of the fecal index, and after fitting with the drug-time curve model, each index showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing. The comprehensive evaluation of the 3D time-effect image concluded that the laxative effect of sennoside A reached its best after 7 days of administration. CONCLUSION Sennoside A should be used in regular dosages for less than one week, as it provides significant relief of constipation and exhibits no colonic damage within 7 days of administration. In addition, Sennoside A exerts its laxative effect by regulating gut microbiota of Lactobacillus Romboutsia, Akkermansia and UCG_005 and water channels of AQP1 and AQP3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Mei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of New Drugs and Chinese Medicine Foundation Research, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zhi-Cheng Gong
- Wuxi Institute of Chinese and Western Integrative Medicine, and Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214062, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of New Drugs and Chinese Medicine Foundation Research, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Ding-Qiao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of New Drugs and Chinese Medicine Foundation Research, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Rui-Jia Fu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of New Drugs and Chinese Medicine Foundation Research, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yu-Ping Tang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of New Drugs and Chinese Medicine Foundation Research, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yan-Yan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of New Drugs and Chinese Medicine Foundation Research, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, Shaanxi Province, China; Wuxi Institute of Chinese and Western Integrative Medicine, and Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214062, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Wang Y, Jiang H, Wang L, Gan H, Xiao X, Huang L, Li W, Li Z. Arctiin alleviates functional constipation by enhancing intestinal motility in mice. Exp Ther Med 2023; 25:199. [PMID: 37090075 PMCID: PMC10119619 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.11898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Functional constipation (FC), a common symptom that is primarily associated with intestinal motility dysfunction, is a common problem worldwide. Arctiin (Arc) is a lignan glycoside isolated from the Chinese herbal medicine Arctium lappa L., which is a health food in China. The present study aimed to evaluate the laxative effects of Arc against FC in mice. A model of FC induced by loperamide (5 mg/kg) was established in male Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice. Arc was administered at a dose of 100 mg/kg as a protective agent. The faecal status, intestinal motility and histological analyses were evaluated. Furthermore, the levels of gastrointestinal motility-associated neurotransmitters, such as motilin (MTL), nitric oxide (NO), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and the protective effect of Arc on interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) were assessed. Arc treatment reversed the loperamide-induced reduction in faecal number and water content and the intestinal transit ratio in ICR mice. Histological analysis confirmed that Arc administration mitigated colonic injury. Moreover, Arc treatment increased levels of motilin and brain-derived neurotrophic factor while decreasing nitric oxide levels and ICC injury in the colon of FC mice. Arc decreased inflammation induction and aquaporin expression levels. Owing to its pro-intestinal motility property, Arc was shown to have a protective effect against FC and may thus serve as a promising therapeutic strategy for the management of FC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujin Wang
- College of Basic Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712046, P.R. China
| | - Hua Jiang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712046, P.R. China
- Correspondence to: Mrs. Hua Jiang, The First Clinical Medical College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Qindu, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712046, P.R. China
| | - Lijun Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712046, P.R. China
| | - Huiping Gan
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712046, P.R. China
| | - Xinchun Xiao
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712046, P.R. China
| | - Liangwu Huang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712046, P.R. China
| | - Wenxin Li
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712046, P.R. China
| | - Zongrun Li
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712046, P.R. China
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Study on Anti-Constipation Effects of Hemerocallis citrina Baroni through a Novel Strategy of Network Pharmacology Screening. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054844. [PMID: 36902274 PMCID: PMC10003546 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Daylily (Hemerocallis citrina Baroni) is an edible plant widely distributed worldwide, especially in Asia. It has traditionally been considered a potential anti-constipation vegetable. This study aimed to investigate the anti-constipation effects of daylily from the perspective of gastro-intestinal transit, defecation parameters, short-chain organic acids, gut microbiome, transcriptomes and network pharmacology. The results show that dried daylily (DHC) intake accelerated the defecation frequency of mice, while it did not significantly alter the levels of short-chain organic acids in the cecum. The 16S rRNA sequencing showed that DHC elevated the abundance of Akkermansia, Bifidobacterium and Flavonifractor, while it reduced the level of pathogens (such as Helicobacter and Vibrio). Furthermore, a transcriptomics analysis revealed 736 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) after DHC treatment, which are mainly enriched in the olfactory transduction pathway. The integration of transcriptomes and network pharmacology revealed seven overlapping targets (Alb, Drd2, Igf2, Pon1, Tshr, Mc2r and Nalcn). A qPCR analysis further showed that DHC reduced the expression of Alb, Pon1 and Cnr1 in the colon of constipated mice. Our findings provide a novel insight into the anti-constipation effects of DHC.
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The Probiotic Combination of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei JY062 and Lactobacillus gasseri JM1 Alleviates Gastrointestinal Motility Disorder via Improving Gut Microbiota. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15040839. [PMID: 36839197 PMCID: PMC9958595 DOI: 10.3390/nu15040839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotics have received wide attention as a potential way to alleviate gastrointestinal (GI) motility disorders. Herein, we investigated the effects of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei JY062, Lactobacillus gasseri JM1, and the probiotic combination at 5 × 109 CFU/mL on mice induced by loperamide and explored the possible underlying mechanisms in GI motility disorder. After two weeks of probiotic intervention, the results indicated that the probiotic combination alleviated GI motility disorder better. It increased the secretion of excitatory GI regulators motilin, gastrin, and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and decreased the secretion of the inhibitory GI regulators peptide YY and nitric oxide (NO), except vasoactive intestinal peptide. 5-HT and NO were related to the mRNA expression of 5-HT4 receptor and nitric oxide synthase, respectively. The intervention of probiotic combination also increased the number of interstitial cells of Cajal and the expression of SCF/c-kit protein. In addition, it also increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria (Lactobacillus, Rikenellaceae, and Clostridiaceae_Clostridium) and improved the contents of short-chain fatty acids in cecum contents of mice. In conclusion, the probiotic combination of L. paracasei JY062 and L. gasseri JM1 has the potential to alleviate GI motility disorders by balancing intestinal homeostasis.
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