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Zeppieri M, Gagliano C, Spadea L, Salati C, Chukwuyem EC, Enaholo ES, D’Esposito F, Musa M. From Eye Care to Hair Growth: Bimatoprost. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:561. [PMID: 38794131 PMCID: PMC11124470 DOI: 10.3390/ph17050561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bimatoprost has emerged as a significant medication in the field of medicine over the past several decades, with diverse applications in ophthalmology, dermatology, and beyond. Originally developed as an ocular hypotensive agent, it has proven highly effective in treating glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Its ability to reduce intraocular pressure has established it as a first-line treatment option, improving management and preventing vision loss. In dermatology, bimatoprost has shown promising results in the promotion of hair growth, particularly in the treatment of alopecia and hypotrichosis. Its mechanism of action, stimulating the hair cycle and prolonging the growth phase, has led to the development of bimatoprost-containing solutions for enhancing eyelash growth. AIM The aim of our review is to provide a brief description, overview, and studies in the current literature regarding the versatile clinical use of bimatoprost in recent years. This can help clinicians determine the most suitable individualized therapy to meet the needs of each patient. METHODS Our methods involve a comprehensive review of the latest advancements reported in the literature in bimatoprost formulations, which range from traditional eye drops to sustained-release implants. These innovations offer extended drug delivery, enhance patient compliance, and minimize side effects. RESULTS The vast literature published on PubMed has confirmed the clinical usefulness of bimatoprost in lowering intraocular pressure and in managing patients with glaucoma. Numerous studies have shown promising results in dermatology and esthetics in promoting hair growth, particularly in treating alopecia and hypotrichosis. Its mechanism of action involves stimulating the hair cycle and prolonging the growth phase, leading to the development of solutions that enhance eyelash growth. The global use of bimatoprost has expanded significantly, with applications growing beyond its initial indications. Ongoing research is exploring its potential in glaucoma surgery, neuroprotection, and cosmetic procedures. CONCLUSIONS Bimatoprost has shown immense potential for addressing a wide range of therapeutic needs through various formulations and advancements. Promising future perspectives include the exploration of novel delivery systems such as contact lenses and microneedles to further enhance drug efficacy and patient comfort. Ongoing research and future perspectives continue to shape its role in medicine, promising further advancements and improved patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Zeppieri
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Udine, p.le S. Maria della Misericordia 15, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Caterina Gagliano
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Enna “Kore”, Piazza dell’Università, 94100 Enna, Italy
- Eye Clinic, Catania University, San Marco Hospital, Viale Carlo Azeglio Ciampi, 95121 Catania, Italy
| | - Leopoldo Spadea
- Eye Clinic, Policlinico Umberto I, “ Sapienza” University of Rome, 00142 Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Salati
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Udine, p.le S. Maria della Misericordia 15, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | | | | | - Fabiana D’Esposito
- Imperial College Ophthalmic Research Group (ICORG) Unit, Imperial College, London NW1 5QH, UK
| | - Mutali Musa
- Department of Optometry, University of Benin, Benin City 300238, Nigeria;
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Bigdeli A, Makhmalzadeh BS, Feghhi M, SoleimaniBiatiani E. Cationic liposomes as promising vehicles for timolol/brimonidine combination ocular delivery in glaucoma: formulation development and in vitro/in vivo evaluation. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2023; 13:1035-1047. [PMID: 36477776 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-022-01266-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Glaucoma is a chronic eye disease in which the pressure inside the eye increases and leads to damage to the optic nerve, and eventually causes blindness. In this disease, it is often necessary to use a multi-drug treatment system. There is a fixed combination of timolol maleate and brimonidine tartrate among the combination drugs in glaucoma treatment. Liposomes are one of the most important targeted drug delivery systems to eye tissue, which leads to improved drug permeability and durability in ocular tissue. In this study, thin layer hydration was used to make liposomal formulations containing timolol maleate (TM) and brimonidine tartrate (BT). After the necessary evaluations, one of the eight initial formulations was selected as an optimization formulation. Then, characteristics such as drug loading percentage, particle size, pH, zeta potential, and drug release were performed on the optimized formulation. The study of reducing intraocular pressure was performed on the optimized formulation. This study in total was performed on 18 rabbits in three groups. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) polymer was injected into the anterior chamber to experimental induce glaucoma. The selected formulation was within the acceptable range of ocular products in terms of physical properties. HPMC polymer injection successfully induced glaucoma in the animal model, resulting in a 79% increase in intraocular pressure. The results showed that the liposomal formulation significantly reduced the intraocular pressure compared to the simple formulation of the aqueous solution, and both formulations were able to significantly reduce the intraocular pressure compared to the control group (P < 0.001). The results also showed that liposomal formulation has a therapeutic effect in reducing intraocular pressure. It seems that the selected liposomal formulation made by thin layer hydration can act as a suitable drug carrier to increase the effectiveness of the fixed combination of timolol maleate and brimonidine tartrate and be proposed as a new drug formulation for targeted and controlled drug delivery in the treatment of glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Bigdeli
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Golestan avenue, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Behzad Sharif Makhmalzadeh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Golestan avenue, Ahvaz, Iran.
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Mostafa Feghhi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Emad SoleimaniBiatiani
- Department of Ophthalmology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Kuwayama Y, Hashimoto M, Kakegawa R, Nomura A, Shimada F. Prospective Observational Post-Marketing Study of Tafluprost for Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension: Effectiveness and Treatment Persistence. Adv Ther 2017; 34:1411-1425. [PMID: 28502035 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-017-0549-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering effect and safety of tafluprost, a prostaglandin analogue, in actual clinical practice and to determine persistency of tafluprost as an indicator of its benefit-risk balance. METHODS This was a large-scale, post-marketing, multicenter, non-interventional, open-label, long-term study. Patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension who initiated tafluprost treatment were registered and prospectively observed over a 2-year period in the real-world setting in Japan. Long-term IOP and safety data were collected. RESULTS Of the 4502 patients registered from 553 medical institutions, 4265 patients were analyzed. The majority of patients had normal-tension glaucoma (44.4%) and primary open-angle glaucoma (37.8%), and patients with ocular hypertension constituted 7.0%. Treatment patterns with tafluprost during the study period were as follows: naïve monotherapy (48.1%), switching monotherapy (18.4%), and concomitant therapy (33.5%). In all patients analyzed, mean IOP was significantly reduced from 18.6 ± 5.9 mmHg (month 0) to 15 mmHg or below throughout the 2-year observation period after initiation of tafluprost. Significant IOP-lowering effects were shown in various treatment patterns and disease types. Adverse reactions were observed in 795 patients (18.64%). Major adverse reactions included eyelid pigmentation, ocular hyperemia, eyelash changes, eyelid hypertrichosis, and iris hyperpigmentation. Kaplan-Meier curves showed that 84.6% and 76.1% of patients were persistent on tafluprost for 1 and 2 years, respectively, when discontinuation due to insufficient efficacy or adverse events was defined as a treatment failure event. Furthermore, among treatment-naïve patients (n = 2304), the persistency rates on tafluprost monotherapy were 77.0% for 1 year and 67.0% for 2 years. CONCLUSION Tafluprost showed significant long-term IOP-lowering effects regardless of treatment patterns or diagnosis, with minimum safety concerns in the actual clinical practice. The observed treatment persistence suggests that tafluprost can be used long term owing to its benefit-risk profile. FUNDING Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Akio Nomura
- Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
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Kara C, Şen EM, Elgin KU, Serdar K, Yilmazbaş P. Does the intraocular pressure-lowering effect of prostaglandin analogues continue over the long term? Int Ophthalmol 2016; 37:619-626. [PMID: 27506567 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-016-0315-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the study is to assess the changes in the long-term effects of prostaglandin analogues (PGAs) on intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Data of POAG patients treated with latanoprost (0.005 %), travoprost (0.004 %), or bimatoprost (0.03 %) as the first line treatment for 5 years or more were retrospectively evaluated. Baseline ophthalmic assessment values were recorded together with the IOP at the 6th month, 1st year, and then annually. The 79 patients included 33 (41.8 %) men and 46 (58.2 %) women. There were 34 (43.0 %) patients using latanoprost (0.005 %), 23 (29.1 %) patients using bimatoprost (0.03 %), and 22 (27.8 %) patients using travoprost (0.004 %). There was no difference between the groups in terms of age, gender, or baseline IOP levels. IOP levels at the 6th month were significantly lower than baseline IOP levels in all groups (p < 0.01, Friedman test). The IOP decrease was maintained after the 6th month in all three group with no statistically significant difference compared to the 6th month IOP value (p > 0.05, Friedman test) and no statistically significant difference between the groups during follow-up (Kruskal-Wallis test, p > 0.05). IOP reductions with PGAs were adequate and stable in the 5-year follow-up period with no decrease in effectiveness over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caner Kara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Women's Health Education and Research Hospital, Yeni Etlik Caddesi No: 55, Etlik, Keçiören, 06010, Ankara, Turkey.
| | | | | | - Kurtuluş Serdar
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Pelin Yilmazbaş
- Ulucanlar Eye Research and Training Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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Quaranta L, Riva I, Katsanos A, Floriani I, Centofanti M, Konstas AGP. Safety and efficacy of travoprost solution for the treatment of elevated intraocular pressure. Clin Ophthalmol 2015; 9:633-43. [PMID: 25914522 PMCID: PMC4401333 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s61444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Travoprost is a prostaglandin analogue widely used for reducing intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients affected with glaucoma and ocular hypertension. It exerts its ocular hypotensive effect through the prostaglandin FP receptors, located in the ciliary muscle and the trabecular meshwork. Several studies have shown that topical administration of travoprost induces a mean IOP reduction ranging from 25% to 32%, and sustained throughout the 24-hour cycle. When compared with timolol, travoprost is more effective at reducing IOP, while generally no difference has been found in the head-to-head comparison with other prostaglandin analogues. The fixed combination of travoprost and timolol has demonstrated a hypotensive efficacy comparable to the concomitant administration of the two drugs. Recently, a new preservative-free formulation of travoprost 0.004% has been marketed for reducing tolerability-related problems in subjects affected with ocular surface disease. Low rates of topical and systemic adverse reactions, strong ocular hypotensive efficacy, and once-a-day dosing make travoprost a first-line treatment for patients affected with elevated IOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano Quaranta
- Centre for the Study of Glaucoma, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Ivano Riva
- Centre for the Study of Glaucoma, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Andreas Katsanos
- Ophthalmology Department, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Irene Floriani
- Laboratory of Clinical Research, IRCCS, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Anastasios G P Konstas
- Glaucoma Unit, 1st University Department of Ophthalmology, AHEPA Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Schmier JK, Hulme-Lowe CK, Covert DW. Adjunctive therapy patterns in glaucoma patients using prostaglandin analogs. Clin Ophthalmol 2014; 8:1097-104. [PMID: 24959067 PMCID: PMC4061175 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s63760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To analyze patterns of use of adjunctive therapies among new initiators of topical prostaglandin analogs (PGAs) in a managed care population. Methods The study cohort included patients in a claims database who initiated PGA therapy between June 2007 and April 2011. Patients who had one or more adjunctive therapy prescriptions during 24 months of follow-up were included. Patterns of adjunctive therapy use were identified and compared between patients who had one or two fills of the initial adjunctive therapy and those who had three or more. Results There were 16,486 eligible beneficiaries. Of these, 5,933 (36%) had one or more adjunctive therapies within 24 months from the start of the PGA, 82% of whom started adjunctive therapy within 12 months. About 28% of patients started adjunctive therapy with a fixed-combination product; 45% of these patients started within the first 30 days. Overall, a large number of patients (42%) required adjunctive therapy within 30 days. Twenty-five percent of patients had only one or two prescriptions of their initial adjunctive therapy; of these patients, 74% discontinued adjunctive therapy altogether. Conclusion Approximately 30% of patients starting glaucoma therapy will require adjunctive therapy within 1 year, and many receive a fixed-combination product as initial adjunctive therapy shortly after starting glaucoma therapy. This suggests a prescribing trend toward earlier, more aggressive drug therapy to control pressure and minimize disease progression. We found that compliance with adjunctive therapy continues to be a problem for patients, which could be attributed to a number of treatment burden and economic factors.
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Thelen U, Schnober D, Schölzel S, Kristoffersen MS, Nelson LA, Stewart JA, Stewart WC. Long-term cost and efficacy analysis of latanoprost versus timolol in glaucoma patients in Germany. Int J Ophthalmol 2013; 6:155-9. [PMID: 23638415 DOI: 10.3980/j.issn.2222-3959.2013.02.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Accepted: 02/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate 5-year effectiveness and cost between latanoprost or timolol monotherapy in a pilot trial. METHODS A retrospective, multi-center trial performed at 6 sites in Germany of patients who had a diagnosis of primary open-angle or pigmentary glaucoma, in at least one eye, initiated on monotherapy with latanoprost or timolol maleate. Qualified consecutive charts were reviewed in which 5-year efficacy, safety and cost data was abstracted. RESULTS Seventy-seoen latanoprost and 49 timolol patients were included, at the final visit no difference existed between the two groups in disc parameters including: rim area, rim area/disc area ratio, cup volume or vertical cup/disc ratio (P>0.05). There was no difference in intraocular pressure (IOP) between the initial latanoprost (17.4±2.6) and timolol (16.3±2.8mmHg) groups. There was less change in medicines over the follow-up period (0.1 vs 0.8) and fewer medications at the final visit (1.2 vs 1.8) with latanoprost compared to timolol. No patient treated with latanoprost discontinued therapy during follow-up, while 12% discontinued timolol mostly due to inadequate IOP control. Cost/year was less with initial timolol ($458±236) as compared to latanoprost ($552±202). CONCLUSION Patients begun on latanoprost or timolol and followed over 5 years may have similar clinical outcomes. However, timolol patients may require more medicines and medicine changes to control IOP for long-term, but at a lower cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Thelen
- Westfalische Wilhelms-Universitat, Augenarztpraxis, Münster, Germany
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Kim C, Radcliffe NM. One Year of Glaucoma Research in Review: 2011 to 2012. ASIA-PACIFIC JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY (PHILADELPHIA, PA.) 2012; 1:364-73. [PMID: 26107730 DOI: 10.1097/apo.0b013e3182747e4c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To provide the practicing clinical ophthalmologist with an update of pertinent glaucoma literature published over the past 12 months. METHODS The authors conducted a one year (July 1, 2011 to June 30, 2012) English language glaucoma literature search on Pubmed using the following terms: automated perimetry, optic nerve imaging, optical coherence tomography, glaucoma structure and function, intraocular pressure, central corneal thickness, medical therapy and compliance in glaucoma, glaucoma laser treatment, cataract extraction and intraocular pressure, secondary glaucoma, glaucoma surgery, pediatric glaucoma, molecular biology in glaucoma, and miscellaneous topics in glaucoma. DESIGN Literature review. RESULTS This review includes original and review articles that reflect novel aspects and updates in the field of glaucoma, while excluding letters to the editor, unpublished works, and abstracts. CONCLUSIONS This review is not meant to be all-inclusive-rather, it highlights literature that is most applicable to ophthalmologists in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Kim
- From the Department of Ophthalmology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
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