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Ma Q, Zhou J, Yang Z, Xue Y, Xie X, Li T, Yang Y. Mingmu Xiaoyao granules regulate the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway to reduce anxiety and depression and reverse retinal abnormalities in rats. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1003614. [PMID: 36278192 PMCID: PMC9579374 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1003614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effects of Mingmu Xiaoyao granules (MMXY) on the morphology and function of the retina and the mechanism of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway-related proteins in rats with anxiety and depression induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). Methods: Fifty-two male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly allocated to either a control (n = 14) or a simulated CUMS group (n = 38). The CUMS model was established successfully at 4 weeks. Six rats in each group were randomly selected to be sacrificed and their retinas isolated for histological examination. At 5 weeks, rats in the CUMS group were randomly allocated to the following groups: Model (CUMS + pure water), MMXY-H (CUMS + MMXY 7.2 g/kg/d), MMXY-L (CUMS + MMXY 3.6 g/kg/d), and CBZ (CUMS + Carbamazepine 20 mg/kg/d), with eight rats in each group. All rats were given the relevant intervention once a day. At 12 weeks, sucrose preference and open field tests were performed to evaluate the anxiety and depression status of rats. In live rats, optical coherence tomography angiography was used to measure retinal thickness and blood flow, while electroretinograms (ERGs) and visual evoked potentials (VEPs) were used to evaluate retinal function. The next day, the specimens were sacrificed for serological, histological, immunofluorescence, Western blot and transmission electron microscopy examinations to explore the mechanism of MMXY in CUMS rats. Results: MMXY improved the anxiety and depression-like behavior of rats. Results of optical coherence tomography angiography showed that MMXY improved retinal inner thickness and blood flow in CUMS rats. MMXY improved the amplitude of a- and b-waves in the scotopic and photopic ERG, as well as N2 and P2 peak time and amplitude in the flash-VEP in CUMS rats. Retinal histological staining and transmission electron microscopy showed that MMXY reversed retinal morphology and ultrastructure in CUMS rats. MMXY reduced the expression of Beclin1 and LC3I/II proteins, regulated the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, inhibited autophagy, and had a protective effect on the retina in CUMS rats. Conclusion: MMXY may effectively improve retinal morphology and function as well as anxiety and depression-like behaviors in CUMS rats by regulating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyan Ma
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Ophthalmology Department, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Ophthalmology Department, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ziyi Yang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxin Xue
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xinran Xie
- Ophthalmology Department, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tiejun Li
- Ophthalmology Department, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yingxin Yang
- Ophthalmology Department, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yingxin Yang,
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Xiu AY, Ding Q, Li Z, Zhang CQ. Doxazosin Attenuates Liver Fibrosis by Inhibiting Autophagy in Hepatic Stellate Cells via Activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2021; 15:3643-3659. [PMID: 34456560 PMCID: PMC8387324 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s317701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the effect of doxazosin on autophagy and the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) in vivo and in vitro and determine the underlying mechanism. Methods In vivo, a mouse liver fibrosis model was induced by the intraperitoneal injection of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Doxazosin was administered at doses of 2.5, 5 and 10 mg/(kg*day) by gavage. After 20 weeks, blood and liver tissues were collected for serological and histological analysis, respectively. Blood analysis, hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, Masson’s trichrome staining, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining were used to measure the extent of liver fibrosis in model and control mice. In vitro, the human HSC cell line LX-2 was cultured and treated with different doses of doxazosin for the indicated times. The effects of doxazosin on LX-2 cell proliferation and migration were examined by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and Transwell assays, respectively. The number of autophagosomes in LX-2 cells was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Infection with green fluorescent protein (GFP)-LC3B adenovirus, GFP-red fluorescent protein (RFP)-LC3B adenovirus and mCherry-EGFP-LC3 adeno-associated virus was performed to examine changes in autophagic flux in vitro and in vivo. Cell apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry in vitro and by TUNEL assays both in vitro and in vivo. Immunoblotting was performed to evaluate the expression levels of proteins related to fibrosis, autophagy, apoptosis, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Results Doxazosin inhibited HSC proliferation and migration. HSC activation was attenuated by doxazosin in a concentration-dependent manner in vivo and in vitro. Doxazosin also blocked autophagic flux and induced apoptosis in HSCs. In addition, the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway was activated by doxazosin and regulated fibrosis, autophagy and apoptosis in HSCs. Conclusion The study confirmed that doxazosin could inhibit autophagy by activating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and attenuate liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Yuan Xiu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Qing Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
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Liu X, Guo A, Tu Y, Li W, Li L, Liu W, Ju Y, Zhou Y, Sang A, Zhu M. Fruquintinib inhibits VEGF/VEGFR2 axis of choroidal endothelial cells and M1-type macrophages to protect against mouse laser-induced choroidal neovascularization. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:1016. [PMID: 33247124 PMCID: PMC7695853 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03222-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Wet age-related macular degeneration, which is characterized by choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and induces obvious vision loss. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family member VEGF-A (also named as VEGF) and its receptor VEGFR2 contribute to the pathogenesis of CNV. Choroidal endothelial cells (CECs) secret C–C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2), which attracts macrophages to CNV lesion and promotes macrophage M1 polarization. Accordingly, infiltrating macrophages secret inflammatory cytokines to promote CNV. In vivo, intravitreal injection of fruquintinib (HMPL-013), an antitumor neovascularization drug, alleviated mouse CNV formation without obvious ocular toxicity. Meanwhile, HMPL-013 inhibited VEGF/VEGFR2 binding in CECs and macrophages, as well as macrophage M1 polarization. In vitro, noncontact coculture of human choroidal vascular endothelial cells (HCVECs) and macrophages under hypoxia conditions was established. HMPL-013 downregulated VEGF/VEGFR2/phosphoinositide-3-kinase/protein kinase B (AKT)/nuclear factor kappa B pathway and CCL2 secretion in HCVECs, as well as VEGF/VEGFR2-induced macrophage M1 polarization under hypoxia condition. In addition, HMPL-013 inhibited HCEVC derived CCL2-induced macrophage migration and M1 polarization, along with macrophage M1 polarization-induced HCVECs proliferation, migration, and tube formation. Altogether, HMPL-013 alleviated CNV formation might via breaking detrimental cross talk between CECs and macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Liu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Aisong Guo
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuanyuan Tu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lixiang Eye Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wendie Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ningbo Eye Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lele Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wangrui Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ju
- Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yamei Zhou
- Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Aimin Sang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Manhui Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lixiang Eye Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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Bo Q, Shen M, Xiao M, Liang J, Zhai Y, Zhu H, Jiang M, Wang F, Luo X, Sun X. 3-Methyladenine Alleviates Experimental Subretinal Fibrosis by Inhibiting Macrophages and M2 Polarization Through the PI3K/Akt Pathway. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2020; 36:618-628. [PMID: 32552228 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2019.0112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To explore the effects of 3-methyladenine (3-MA), a selective inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), on experimental subretinal fibrosis (SRF) in mice. Methods: The SRF mouse model was established by 532 nm laser photocoagulation at each fundus of mice on day 0. 3-MA was administered every 2 days from day 0 to 35. Immunofluorescence of choroidal flat mounts was performed to evaluate the size of SRF area, local macrophages, and polarization, respectively. Besides, Western blot analysis was carried out to assess the expression levels of macrophage polarization-related genes, Arg-1, Ym-1, and transforming growth factor-β2 (TGF-β2). Co-culture and migration experiments were used to demonstrate the inhibitory effect of 3-MA on fibroblasts. The gene knockout and Western blot analysis were used to explore the signal pathways related to macrophage polarization. Results: Compared with the control group, the 3-MA-treated group showed significantly less size of SRF area. 3-MA treatment reduced both circulating and local macrophages, and counteracted M2 polarization. Moreover, 3-MA inhibited fibroblast recruitment. Mechanistically, we proved that 3-MA inhibits macrophage M2 polarization by suppressing PI3K/Akt signal pathway rather than the PI3K-autophagy-related signal pathway. Conclusions: 3-MA exerts antifibrotic effects on experimental SRF by targeting circulating and local macrophages and M2 polarization, through PI3K/Akt signal pathway. These results support the potential use of 3-MA as a new therapeutic modality for SRF associated with neovascular age-related macular degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyu Bo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengxi Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Meichun Xiao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Liang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanqi Zhai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mei Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Fenghua Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueting Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaodong Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
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Xu N, Bo Q, Shao R, Liang J, Zhai Y, Yang S, Wang F, Sun X. Chitinase-3-Like-1 Promotes M2 Macrophage Differentiation and Induces Choroidal Neovascularization in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2020; 60:4596-4605. [PMID: 31675076 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.19-27493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is the principal pathological factor contributing to blindness in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). Infiltration of M2 macrophage is thought to contribute to CNV progress, although the way that regulates its differentiation remains unclear. Here, we investigate the role of CHI3L1 in M2 differentiation and angiogenesis in CNV. Methods Serums from nAMD patients were tested for CHI3L1 expression. Mice were subjected to laser injury to induce CNV, and lesion expansion were tracked using fundus fluorescence angiography (FFA) and immunofluorescence analysis. Several strategies were taken to verify the contribution of M2 macrophage and CHI3L1: macrophage depletion by clodrosome, local CHI3L1 inhibition using intravitreally injection neutralize antibody (mAY), and depletion of CHI3L1 receptor (IL13-Ra2) by small-interfering RNA (siRNA). Tuber analysis was used to further determine angiogenetic effect of CHI3L1. Anti-VEGFA was used as positive control for mAY. Results Serum levels of CHI3L1 were highly elevated in nAMD patients. CHI3L1 was expressed by infiltrating M2 macrophages and was elevated as CNV progress in a mice model. System macrophage depletion and local suppression of CHI3L1 alleviated CNV formation while enhancing anti-VEGFA therapeutic effect. Stimulation of macrophage with recombinant CHI3L1 activated MAPK signaling cascade and induced transition to M2, while siRNA knockdown of IL13-Ra2 abolished it. In an in vitro coculture system, supernatants from CHI3L1-stimulated M2 macrophages and promoted tube vascularization. Conclusions These results unveil novel angiogenic regulation of CHI3L1 and M2 polarized macrophages in CNV development. These mechanistic insights may point to CHI3L1 as a new therapeutic target for treatment for nAMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiyu Bo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Shao
- Depatrtment of Pharmacology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai, China.,Department of Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Liang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanqi Zhai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiqi Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fenghua Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaodong Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China
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Ibuki M, Shoda C, Miwa Y, Ishida A, Tsubota K, Kurihara T. Therapeutic Effect of Garcinia cambogia Extract and Hydroxycitric Acid Inhibiting Hypoxia-Inducible Factor in a Murine Model of Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20205049. [PMID: 31614647 PMCID: PMC6834364 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20205049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness and can be classified into two types called atrophic AMD (dry AMD) and neovascular AMD (wet AMD). Dry AMD is characterized by cellular degeneration of the retinal pigment epithelium, choriocapillaris, and photoreceptors. Wet AMD is characterized by the invasion of abnormal vessels from the choroid. Although anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy has a potent therapeutic effect against the disease, there is a possibility of chorio-retinal atrophy and adverse systemic events due to long-term robust VEGF antagonism. We focused on hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) regulation of VEGF transcription, and report the suppressive effects of HIF inhibition against ocular phenotypes in animal models. Many of the known HIF inhibitors are categorized as anti-cancer drugs, and their systemic side effects are cause for concern in clinical use. In this study, we explored food ingredients that have HIF inhibitory effects and verified their effects in an animal model of AMD. Methods: Food ingredients were screened using a luciferase assay. C57BL6/J mice were administered the Garcinia cambogia extract (Garcinia extract) and hydroxycitric acid (HCA). Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) was induced by laser irradiation. Results: Garcinia extract and HCA showed inhibitory effects on HIF in the luciferase assay. The laser CNV model mice showed significant reduction of CNV volume by administering Garcinia extract and HCA. Conclusions: Garcinia extract and HCA showed therapeutic effects in a murine AMD model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Ibuki
- Laboratory of Photobiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
| | - Chiho Shoda
- Laboratory of Photobiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nihon University, Tokyo 101-8309, Japan.
| | - Yukihiro Miwa
- Laboratory of Photobiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
| | - Ayako Ishida
- Laboratory of Photobiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
| | - Kazuo Tsubota
- Laboratory of Photobiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
| | - Toshihide Kurihara
- Laboratory of Photobiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
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Shao J, Pan X, Yin X, Fan G, Tan C, Yao Y, Xin Y, Sun C. KCNQ1OT1 affects the progression of diabetic retinopathy by regulating miR-1470 and epidermal growth factor receptor. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:17269-17279. [PMID: 30784065 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs have been reported to play important roles in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR), which has been considered as the most common disease leading to vision loss. However, it is still unclear whether KCNQ1 overlapping transcript 1 (KCNQ1OT1) could affect DR. In this study, regarding quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay, KCNQ1OT1 level was upregulated while microRNA-1470 (miR-1470) was decreased in DR patients and human retinal endothelial cells. High KCNQ1OT1 expression was correlated with DR stage and low visual function. Using miR-1470 mimic or knockdown of KCNQ1OT1 could lead to the similar phenomenon; phospho-AKT, Bax, B-cell lymphoma 2, and cleaved poly-ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) were regulated, while vascularization was inhibited and apoptosis was promoted. Regarding bioinformatics analysis and in vitro dual luciferase reporter assay, there should be a negative correlation between KCNQ1OT1 and miR-1470. Additionally, mRNA of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) was proved as the target of miR-1470 and EGFR targeting by miR-1470 initiated KCNQ1OT1 deficiency-induced apoptosis and promoted proliferation. KCNQ1OT1 and miR-1470 were proved to be the promoter and repressor of EGFR, respectively. The results suggested that KCNQ1OT1 could sponge miR-1470 and further regulate EGFR in DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Shao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xubin Pan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaowen Yin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wuxi Children's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guangming Fan
- Key Laboratory of Industry Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chengye Tan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong Yao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Xin
- Key Laboratory of Industry Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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Han S, Chen Y, Gao Y, Sun B, Kong Y. MicroRNA-218–5p inhibit the migration and proliferation of pterygium epithelial cells by targeting EGFR via PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Exp Eye Res 2019; 178:37-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Salvianolic Acid A Inhibits OX-LDL Effects on Exacerbating Choroidal Neovascularization via Downregulating CYLD. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:6210694. [PMID: 29081889 PMCID: PMC5610829 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6210694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Backgrounds Age-related macular degeneration is closely related to lipid oxidation, while relationship between OX-LDL and choroidal neovascularization is unclear. Recently, cylindromatosis is proved to regulate angiogenesis. However, its role in CNV progression remained unclear. Salvianolic acid A is widely used in vascular diseases. We investigated the relationship between OX-LDL and CNV and explore antineovascularization mechanism of Sal A. Methods C57BL6/J mice were randomized into four groups and injected with PBS or OX-LDL, together with Sal A for one week. CNV was induced by laser; CNV severity was analyzed by fundus fluorescein angiography, H&E staining, and choroid flat mount after 1 week. In in vitro experiments, ARPE-19 and HUVECs were cultured with OX-LDL (with or without Sal A) for 48 hours. Angiogenic proteins, cell junction integrity, and tube formation were measured. CYLD siRNA and specific inhibitors were used to explore mechanisms of CYLD in promoting OX-LDL-induced CNV progression. Results OX-LDL promoted laser-induced CNV volume by increasing VEGF, PDGF, and CYLD levels. Sal A antagonized OX-LDL effects and restrained CNV progression by decreasing VEGF/PDGF/CYLD, increasing antiangiostatin levels, and promoting P62-CYLD-TRAF6 interaction. Conclusions We demonstrated oxidation damage exacerbates CNV progression, and Sal A could be a clinical therapeutic reagent to exudative AMD.
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