Radiotherapy for Palliation of Lung Cancer in Patients with Compromised Hearts

Management of patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED) undergoing radiotherapy: A consensus document from Associazione Italiana Aritmologia e Cardiostimolazione (AIAC), Associazione Italiana Radioterapia Oncologica (AIRO), Associazione Italiana Fisica Medica (AIFM)

The management of patients with a cardiac implanted electronic device (CIED) receiving radiotherapy (RT) is challenging and requires a structured multidisciplinary approach. A consensus document is presented as a result of a multidisciplinary working group involving cardiac electrophysiologists, radiation oncologists and physicists in order to stratify the risk of patients with CIED requiring RT and approaching RT sessions appropriately. When high radiation doses and beam energy higher than 6MV are used, CIED malfunctions can occur during treatment. In our document, we reviewed the different types of RT and CIED behavior in the presence of ionizing radiations and electromagnetic interferences, from the cardiologist's, radiation oncologist's and medical physicist's point of view. We also reviewed in vitro and in vivo literature data and other national published guidelines on this issue so far. On the basis of literature data and consensus of experts, a detailed approach based on risk stratification and appropriate management of RT patients with CIEDs is suggested, with important implications for clinical practice.

Radiotherapy in patients with pacemakers and implantable cardioverter defibrillators: a literature review

An increasing number of patients with implantable cardiac rhythm devices undergo radiotherapy (RT) for cancer and are thereby exposed to the risk of device failure. Current safety recommendations seem to have limitations by not accounting for the risk of pacemakers and implantable cardioverter defibrillators malfunctioning at low radiation doses. Besides scant knowledge about optimal safety measures, only little is known about the exact prevalence of patients with devices undergoing RT. In this review, we provide a short overview of the principles of RT and present the current evidence on the predictors and mechanisms of device malfunctions during RT. We also summarize practical recommendations from recent publications and from the industry. Strongly associated with beam energy of photon RT, device malfunctions occur at ∼3% of RT courses, posing a substantial issue in clinical practice. Malfunctions described in the literature typically consist of transient software disturbances and only seldom manifest as a permanent damage of the device. Through close cooperation between cardiologists and oncologists, a tailored individualized approach might be necessary in this patient group in waiting time for updated international guidelines in the field.