Maternal and fetal safety of fluid-restrictive general anesthesia for endoscopic fetal surgery in monochorionic twin gestations.
J Clin Anesth 2014;
26:184-90. [PMID:
24793703 DOI:
10.1016/j.jclinane.2013.10.010]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2012] [Revised: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE
To review our experience with general anesthesia in endoscopic fetal surgery for twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS), and to compare fetomaternal outcome before and after protocol implementation.
DESIGN
Retrospective impact study.
SETTING
University-affiliated medical center.
MEASUREMENTS
Data from 85 consecutive patients who underwent endoscopic laser ablation of placenta vessels for severe TTTS were studied. Outcomes were compared in patients before (2000-2007) and after (2008-2012) a change to strict intraoperative intravenous (IV) fluid and liberal vasopressor management. Perioperative parameters (IV fluid administration, vasopressor use, maternal hemoglobin [Hb] concentration); maternal complication rate (respiratory, hemorrhagic); pregnancy outcome; and fetal and neonatal survival were recorded.
MAIN RESULTS
Patients in the early group (2000-2007; n = 55) received 1634 ± 949 mL of crystalloid fluid intraoperatively, compared with 485 ± 238 mL (P < 0.001; Student's t test) given to the late group (2008-2012; n = 30). Maternal pulmonary edema and any respiratory distress were seen in 5.5% and 12.7% of patients in the early group, respectively, and in none of the late group patients (P < 0.05; Chi-square analysis).
CONCLUSIONS
A significant risk of maternal respiratory complications exists after general anesthesia for endoscopic fetal surgery. Judicious fluid management significantly decreases this risk.
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