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Nannini F, Parekh F, Wawrzyniecka P, Mekkaoui L, Righi M, Dastjerdi FV, Yeung J, Roddie C, Bai Y, Ma B, Ferrari M, Onuoha S, Chester K, Pule M. A primer set for the rapid isolation of scFv fragments against cell surface antigens from immunised rats. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19168. [PMID: 33154441 PMCID: PMC7644676 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76069-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibody phage display is a powerful platform for discovery of clinically applicable high affinity monoclonal antibodies against a broad range of targets. Libraries generated from immunized animals offer the advantage of in vivo affinity-maturation of V regions prior to library generation. Despite advantages, few studies have described isolation of antibodies from rats using immune phage display. In our study, we describe a novel primer set, covering the full rat heavy chain variable and kappa light chain variable regions repertoire for the generation of an unbiased immune libraries. Since the immune repertoire of rats is poorly understood, we first performed a deep sequencing analysis of the V(D)J regions of VH and VLK genes, demonstrating the high abundance of IGVH2 and IGVH5 families for VH and IGVLK12 and IGVLK22 for VLK. The comparison of gene's family usage in naïve rats have been used to validate the frequency's distribution of the primer set, confirming the absence of PCR-based biases. The primers were used to generate and assemble a phage display library from human CD160-vaccinated rats. CD160 represents a valid therapeutic target as it has been shown to be expressed on chronic lymphocytic leukaemia cells and on the surface of newly formed vessels. We utilised a novel phage display panning strategy to isolate a high affinity pool (KD range: 0.399-233 nM) of CD160 targeting monoclonal antibodies. Subsequently, identified binders were tested for function as third generation Chimeric Antigen Receptors (CAR) T cells demonstrating specific cytolytic activity. Our novel primer set coupled with a streamlined strategy for phage display panning enable the rapid isolation and identification of high affinity antibodies from immunised rats. The therapeutic utility of these antibodies was demonstrated in CAR format.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Nannini
- Research Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, 72 Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Farhaan Parekh
- Research Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, 72 Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Patrycja Wawrzyniecka
- Research Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, 72 Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Leila Mekkaoui
- Research Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, 72 Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Matteo Righi
- Research Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, 72 Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
| | | | - Jenny Yeung
- Research Department of Oncology, UCL Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Claire Roddie
- Research Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, 72 Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
| | | | - Biao Ma
- Autolus Therapeutics, London, UK
| | | | | | - Kerry Chester
- Research Department of Oncology, UCL Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Martin Pule
- Research Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, 72 Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6DD, UK.
- Autolus Therapeutics, London, UK.
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Liu Z, O’Rourke J. Expediting Antibody Discovery with a Cell and Bead Multiplexed Competition Assay. SLAS DISCOVERY 2018; 23:667-675. [DOI: 10.1177/2472555218776308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
With advances in molecular engineering and humanization, monoclonal antibodies are one of the fastest-growing classes of biopharmaceuticals. During antibody discovery, antibody from hybridoma or primary B-cell supernatants is screened for the desired binding characteristics, and secondary screens measure antibody function and concentration, identify immunoglobulin G (IgG) isotype, and assess cell health. In order to expedite the antibody discovery process, we developed a high-throughput, multiplexed cell and bead-based competition assay that identifies and quantitates mouse IgG isotypes and assesses cell health. No differences in assay performance were observed between single and multiplex formats. The linear range of the assay was from 0.5 to 50 µg/mL, and washing was not required, decreasing assay time and variability. Slight modifications to the protocol allowed quantification of dilute antibody supernatants (0.1–5 µg/mL). Using hybridoma cultures, we showed that cell viability measurements in the assay did not interfere with the bead-based IgG measurements. The assay described here is a simple mix-and-read, no-dilution screen that can reduce the time to antibody cloning and production. The high-content data can differentiate monoclonal and polyclonal wells, determine IgG quantity for downstream functional assays, provide isotype information, and monitor cell proliferation and viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoping Liu
- Intellicyt, A Sartorius Brand, Albuquerque, NM, USA
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Identification and verification of hybridoma-derived monoclonal antibody variable region sequences using recombinant DNA technology and mass spectrometry. Mol Immunol 2017; 90:287-294. [PMID: 28865256 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2017.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Antibody engineering requires the identification of antigen binding domains or variable regions (VR) unique to each antibody. It is the VR that define the unique antigen binding properties and proper sequence identification is essential for functional evaluation and performance of recombinant antibodies (rAb). This determination can be achieved by sequence analysis of immunoglobulin (Ig) transcripts obtained from a monoclonal antibody (MAb) producing hybridoma and subsequent expression of a rAb. However the polyploidy nature of a hybridoma cell often results in the added expression of aberrant immunoglobulin-like transcripts or even production of anomalous antibodies which can confound production of rAb. An incorrect VR sequence will result in a non-functional rAb and de novo assembly of Ig primary structure without a sequence map is challenging. To address these problems, we have developed a methodology which combines: 1) selective PCR amplification of VR from both the heavy and light chain IgG from hybridoma, 2) molecular cloning and DNA sequence analysis and 3) tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) on enzyme digests obtained from the purified IgG. Peptide analysis proceeds by evaluating coverage of the predicted primary protein sequence provided by the initial DNA maps for the VR. This methodology serves to both identify and verify the primary structure of the MAb VR for production as rAb.
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Klose D, Woitok M, Niesen J, Beerli RR, Grawunder U, Fischer R, Barth S, Fendel R, Nachreiner T. Generation of an artificial human B cell line test system using Transpo-mAbTM technology to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of novel antigen-specific fusion proteins. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180305. [PMID: 28704435 PMCID: PMC5509223 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The antigen-specific targeting of autoreactive B cells via their unique B cell receptors (BCRs) is a novel and promising alternative to the systemic suppression of humoral immunity. We generated and characterized cytolytic fusion proteins based on an existing immunotoxin comprising tetanus toxoid fragment C (TTC) as the targeting component and the modified Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A (ETA') as the cytotoxic component. The immunotoxin was reconfigured to replace ETA' with either the granzyme B mutant R201K or MAPTau as human effector domains. The novel cytolytic fusion proteins were characterized with a recombinant human lymphocytic cell line developed using Transpo-mAb™ technology. Genes encoding a chimeric TTC-reactive immunoglobulin G were successfully integrated into the genome of the precursor B cell line REH so that the cells could present TTC-reactive BCRs on their surface. These cells were used to investigate the specific cytotoxicity of GrB(R201K)-TTC and TTC-MAPTau, revealing that the serpin proteinase inhibitor 9-resistant granzyme B R201K mutant induced apoptosis specifically in the lymphocytic cell line. Our data confirm that antigen-based fusion proteins containing granzyme B (R201K) are suitable candidates for the depletion of autoreactive B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Klose
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapy, Institute for Applied Medical Engineering, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Mira Woitok
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology (Biology VII), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Judith Niesen
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Aachen, Germany
| | | | | | - Rainer Fischer
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology (Biology VII), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefan Barth
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapy, Institute for Applied Medical Engineering, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- South African Research Chair in Cancer Biotechnology, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Rolf Fendel
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Aachen, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Thomas Nachreiner
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapy, Institute for Applied Medical Engineering, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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The efficient elimination of solid tumor cells by EGFR-specific and HER2-specific scFv-SNAP fusion proteins conjugated to benzylguanine-modified auristatin F. Cancer Lett 2016; 381:323-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Bialon M, Grezella C, Friesen L, Sieben T, Pham AT, Fischer R, Barth S, Püttmann C, Stein C. A Monoclonal Antibody That Discriminates Between SNAP-Tagged and CLIP-Tagged Proteins. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2016; 35:141-7. [PMID: 27187007 DOI: 10.1089/mab.2016.0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
SNAP-tag technology allows recombinant proteins to be covalently labeled to O(6)-benzylguanine (BG)-modified substrates with 1:1 stoichiometry. By attaching according fluorophores, this method is ideally suited for in vitro and in vivo imaging, as well as protein interaction analyses. Fluorophores modified with BG react with the SNAP-tag, whereas those modified with O(2)-benzylcytosine (BC) conjugate to a more recent derivative known as the CLIP-tag. The orthogonal substrate specificity of the SNAP- and CLIP-tags extends the range of applications by allowing double labeling. We previously developed a monoclonal antibody (mAb) that recognizes both tags. In this study, we describe a new mAb, which is specific for the SNAP-tag alone. Therefore, this mAb allows discrimination between SNAP- and CLIP-tags within a broad range of immunological methods, including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, western blotting, flow cytometry, and immunohistochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Bialon
- 1 Department of Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapy, Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, University Hospital RWTH Aachen , Aachen, Germany
| | - Clara Grezella
- 1 Department of Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapy, Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, University Hospital RWTH Aachen , Aachen, Germany
- 2 Department of Molecular Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University , Aachen, Germany
| | - Ludmila Friesen
- 1 Department of Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapy, Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, University Hospital RWTH Aachen , Aachen, Germany
| | - Thorsten Sieben
- 1 Department of Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapy, Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, University Hospital RWTH Aachen , Aachen, Germany
| | - Anh-Tuan Pham
- 1 Department of Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapy, Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, University Hospital RWTH Aachen , Aachen, Germany
| | - Rainer Fischer
- 2 Department of Molecular Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University , Aachen, Germany
- 3 Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology , Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefan Barth
- 1 Department of Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapy, Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, University Hospital RWTH Aachen , Aachen, Germany
- 3 Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology , Aachen, Germany
| | - Christiane Püttmann
- 1 Department of Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapy, Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, University Hospital RWTH Aachen , Aachen, Germany
| | - Christoph Stein
- 1 Department of Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapy, Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, University Hospital RWTH Aachen , Aachen, Germany
- 3 Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology , Aachen, Germany
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