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Bernauer H, Schlör A, Maier J, Hanack K, Bannert N, Ivanusic D. Analysis of antibodies from whole-cell immunization by a tANCHOR cell-based ELISA. MICROPUBLICATION BIOLOGY 2024; 2024:10.17912/micropub.biology.001201. [PMID: 38698909 PMCID: PMC11063790 DOI: 10.17912/micropub.biology.001201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Monitoring specific antibodies derived from whole-cell immunization through cell-based ELISA methods poses challenges due to humoral responses against various cell proteins. In this report, we outline a technique involving pre-adsorption on cells to remove undesirable antibodies from immune serum. This step provides the subsequent monitoring of antibodies specific to the targeted antigen using a tANCHOR-based ELISA. Notably, this approach accelerates result acquisition, eliminating the necessity to purify the expressed antigen or obtain a customized peptide for coating assay plates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hubert Bernauer
- ATG:biosynthetics GmbH, Weberstraße 40, 79249 Merzhausen, Germany
| | - Anja Schlör
- new/era/mabs GmbH, August-Bebel-Str. 89, 14482 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute for Biology and Biochemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknechtstr. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Josef Maier
- ATG:biosynthetics GmbH, Weberstraße 40, 79249 Merzhausen, Germany
- IStLS, Härlestr. 24/1, 78727 Oberndorf a.N., Germany
| | - Katja Hanack
- new/era/mabs GmbH, August-Bebel-Str. 89, 14482 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute for Biology and Biochemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknechtstr. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Norbert Bannert
- Sexually transmitted bacterial pathogens and HIV (FG18), Robert Koch-Institute, Nordufer 20, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Ivanusic
- Sexually transmitted bacterial pathogens and HIV (FG18), Robert Koch-Institute, Nordufer 20, 13353 Berlin, Germany
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Bernauer H, Schlör A, Maier J, Bannert N, Hanack K, Ivanusic D. tANCHOR fast and cost-effective cell-based immunization approach with focus on the receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV-2. Biol Methods Protoc 2023; 8:bpad030. [PMID: 38090673 PMCID: PMC10713279 DOI: 10.1093/biomethods/bpad030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Successful induction of antibodies in model organisms like mice depends strongly on antigen design and delivery. New antigen designs for immunization are helpful for developing future therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). One of the gold standards to induce antibodies in mice is to express and purify the antigen for vaccination. This is especially time-consuming when mAbs are needed rapidly. We closed this gap and used the display technology tetraspanin anchor to develop a reliable immunization technique without the need to purify the antigen. This technique is able to speed up the immunization step enormously and we have demonstrated that we were able to induce antibodies against different proteins with a focus on the receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 and the extracellular loop of canine cluster of differentiation 20 displayed on the surface of human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anja Schlör
- new/era/mabs GmbH, Potsdam 14482, Germany
- Institute for Biology and Biochemistry, University of Potsdam, Potsdam 14476, Germany
| | - Josef Maier
- ATG:biosynthetics GmbH, Merzhausen 79249, Germany
| | | | - Katja Hanack
- new/era/mabs GmbH, Potsdam 14482, Germany
- Institute for Biology and Biochemistry, University of Potsdam, Potsdam 14476, Germany
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Medina-Cucurella AV, Mizrahi RA, Asensio MA, Edgar RC, Leong J, Leong R, Lim YW, Nelson A, Niedecken AR, Simons JF, Spindler MJ, Stadtmiller K, Wayham N, Adler AS, Johnson DS. Preferential Identification of Agonistic OX40 Antibodies by Using Cell Lysate to Pan Natively Paired, Humanized Mouse-Derived Yeast Surface Display Libraries. Antibodies (Basel) 2019; 8:antib8010017. [PMID: 31544823 PMCID: PMC6640694 DOI: 10.3390/antib8010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To discover therapeutically relevant antibody candidates, many groups use mouse immunization followed by hybridoma generation or B cell screening. One modern approach is to screen B cells by generating natively paired single chain variable fragment (scFv) display libraries in yeast. Such methods typically rely on soluble antigens for scFv library screening. However, many therapeutically relevant cell-surface targets are difficult to express in a soluble protein format, complicating discovery. In this study, we developed methods to screen humanized mouse-derived yeast scFv libraries using recombinant OX40 protein in cell lysate. We used deep sequencing to compare screening with cell lysate to screening with soluble OX40 protein, in the context of mouse immunizations using either soluble OX40 or OX40-expressing cells and OX40-encoding DNA vector. We found that all tested methods produce a unique diversity of scFv binders. However, when we reformatted forty-one of these scFv as full-length monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), we observed that mAbs identified using soluble antigen immunization with cell lysate sorting always bound cell surface OX40, whereas other methods had significant false positive rates. Antibodies identified using soluble antigen immunization and cell lysate sorting were also significantly more likely to activate OX40 in a cellular assay. Our data suggest that sorting with OX40 protein in cell lysate is more likely than other methods to retain the epitopes required for antibody-mediated OX40 agonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélica V Medina-Cucurella
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Material Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
| | - Rena A Mizrahi
- GigaGen Inc., One Tower Place, Suite 750, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
| | - Michael A Asensio
- GigaGen Inc., One Tower Place, Suite 750, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
| | - Robert C Edgar
- GigaGen Inc., One Tower Place, Suite 750, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
| | - Jackson Leong
- GigaGen Inc., One Tower Place, Suite 750, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
| | - Renee Leong
- GigaGen Inc., One Tower Place, Suite 750, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
| | - Yoong Wearn Lim
- GigaGen Inc., One Tower Place, Suite 750, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
| | - Ayla Nelson
- GigaGen Inc., One Tower Place, Suite 750, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
| | - Ariel R Niedecken
- GigaGen Inc., One Tower Place, Suite 750, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
| | - Jan Fredrik Simons
- GigaGen Inc., One Tower Place, Suite 750, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
| | - Matthew J Spindler
- GigaGen Inc., One Tower Place, Suite 750, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
| | - Kacy Stadtmiller
- GigaGen Inc., One Tower Place, Suite 750, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
| | - Nicholas Wayham
- GigaGen Inc., One Tower Place, Suite 750, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
| | - Adam S Adler
- GigaGen Inc., One Tower Place, Suite 750, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
| | - David S Johnson
- GigaGen Inc., One Tower Place, Suite 750, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
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