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Tălăpan D, Sandu AM, Rafila A. Antimicrobial Resistance of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated between 2017 and 2022 from Infections at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Romania. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:974. [PMID: 37370293 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12060974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of isolation of Staphylococcus aureus from different pathological samples processed in the Microbiology Laboratory of the National Institute of Infectious Diseases "Prof. Dr. Matei Balș", Romania, between 1 January 2017 and 31 December 2022, aiming to establish the ratio of methicillin-resistant to methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus strains and the antibiotic resistance pattern of isolated microorganisms. The data of isolates originating from routine diagnostic tasks were analyzed retrospectively using laboratory data from the microbiology department. Up to 39.11% of Staphylococcus aureus strains were resistant to oxacillin (MRSA), with 49.97% resistance to erythromycin and 36.06% inducible resistance to clindamycin. Resistance rates to ciprofloxacin, rifampicin, gentamicin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole were 9.98%, 5.38%, 5.95%, and 0.96%, respectively. There was no resistance to vancomycin. Between 2017 and 2022, the percentage of MRSA strains decreased from 41.71% to 33.63%, sharply increasing to 42.42% in 2021 (the year of the COVID-19 pandemic, when the percentage of strains isolated from lower respiratory tract infections was higher than that of strains isolated from wounds or blood, as in previous years). This study showed a high percentage of MRSA strains (39.11% overall) with a higher proportion of these strains isolated from the blood (42.49%) compared to other clinical specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Tălăpan
- Microbiology Department I, Faculty of Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- "Prof. Dr. Matei Balș" National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 021105 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andreea-Mihaela Sandu
- "Prof. Dr. Matei Balș" National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 021105 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alexandru Rafila
- Microbiology Department I, Faculty of Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- "Prof. Dr. Matei Balș" National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 021105 Bucharest, Romania
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2
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An Overview of Healthcare Associated Infections and Their Detection Methods Caused by Pathogen Bacteria in Romania and Europe. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11113204. [PMID: 35683591 PMCID: PMC9181229 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11113204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Healthcare-associated infections can occur in different care units and can affect both patients and healthcare professionals. Bacteria represent the most common cause of nosocomial infections and, due to the excessive and irrational use of antibiotics, resistant organisms have appeared. The most important healthcare-associated infections are central line-associated bloodstream infections, catheter-associated urinary tract infections, surgical site, soft tissue infections, ventilator-associated pneumonia, hospital acquired pneumonia, and Clostridioides difficile colitis. In Europe, some hospitalized patients develop nosocomial infections that lead to increased costs and prolonged hospitalizations. Healthcare-associated infection prevalence in developed countries is lower than in low-income and middle-income countries such as Romania, an Eastern European country, where several factors contribute to the occurrence of many nosocomial infections, but official data show a low reporting rate. For the rapid identification of bacteria that can cause these infections, fast, sensitive, and specific methods are needed, and they should be cost-effective. Therefore, this review focuses on the current situation regarding healthcare-associated infections in Europe and Romania, with discussions regarding the causes and possible solutions. As a possible weapon in the fight against the healthcare-associated infections, the diagnosis methods and tests used to determine the bacteria involved in healthcare-associated infections are evaluated.
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3
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Asanin J, Misic D, Aksentijevic K, Tambur Z, Rakonjac B, Kovacevic I, Spergser J, Loncaric I. Genetic Profiling and Comparison of Human and Animal Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Isolates from Serbia. Antibiotics (Basel) 2019; 8:E26. [PMID: 30884836 PMCID: PMC6466565 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics8010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize a collection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates of human and animal origin from Serbia. In total, 36 MRSA isolates-30 obtained from humans and six from companion animals-were investigated by PCR for the presence of antibiotic and biocide resistance determinants and virulence genes (PVL-Panton⁻Valentine leukocidin, ETs-exfoliative toxins, TSST-toxic shock syndrome toxin, SEs-staphylococcal enterotoxins, and MSCRAMMs-microbial surface components recognizing adhesive matrix molecules and biofilm). Isolates were analyzed by staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec), spa, and dru typing, as well as by multiple locus variable number of tandem repeat analyses (MLVA), multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and subsequently, eBURST. The majority of human MRSA isolates were resistant to gentamicin, erythromycin, clindamycin, and ciprofloxacin. Different antibiotic resistance genes were detected: aac-aphD, ant(6')-Ia, erm(A), erm(B), erm(C), tet(K), tet(M), fexA, and catpC221. All isolates were susceptible to teicoplanin and linezolid. SCCmec type III was prevalent in human isolates, while SCCmec elements in animals were mostly nontypeable. t037 was the predominant spa type in human and t242 in animal MRSA isolates. The prevalent dru type was dt11c in human and dt10a in animal MRSA isolates. MRSA isolates exhibited 27 different MLVA types. ST239 was predominant in human, while ST5 was prevalent in canine MRSA isolates. PVL was found in two, while tsst-1 was detected in three human isolates. Human-associated clones belonging to ST5, ST45, and ST239 MRSA clones were discovered in companion animals, which suggests anthropozoonotic transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Asanin
- Innovation Center of Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, 11000 Beograd, Serbia.
| | - Dusan Misic
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Beograd, Serbia.
| | | | - Zoran Tambur
- Institute of Hygiene Military Medical Academy, Belgrade, Serbia and Faculty of Stomatology in Pancevo, 11000 Beograd, Serbia.
| | - Bojan Rakonjac
- Institute of Microbiology Military Medical Academy, 11000 Beograd, Serbia.
| | - Ivana Kovacevic
- Institute of Hygiene Military Medical Academy, 11000 Beograd, Serbia.
| | - Joachim Spergser
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Wien, Austria.
| | - Igor Loncaric
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Wien, Austria.
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Jakab E, Colcieru M, Jakab RI, Gabri EE, Lázár CH, Török E, Kremmer B, Mészáros TJ, Katona Á, Fazakas E, Coldea L, Popescu O. Screening of mecI Gene in Staphylococcus Strains Isolated in Transylvania Region of Romania. Microb Drug Resist 2019; 25:639-643. [PMID: 30614756 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2018.0205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last few decades, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains have become a serious health care problem. However, in the European Union/European Economic Area countries the prevalence of the invasive MRSA isolates has decreased in recent years; in Romania, the considerably high prevalence of these strains is still unchanged. In this study, 396 staphylococcal strains were screened using molecular biology techniques for the presence of the nucA, mecA, and mecI genes and for the detection of the possible mutations accumulated in the mecI gene. More than half of the collected Staphylococcus strains (59.34%) were determined as S. aureus, and 63 strains were considered as MRSA. Small number of MRSA strains (n = 6; 54.54% of invasive S. aureus) originated from hemoculture. The mecI gene was present in 22 MRSA strains and in 4 methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci strains. The majority of the mecI-positive MRSA strains contained the C to T substitution at position 202; furthermore, one previously undescribed mutation (C to G transversion at nucleotide position 285) was detected in one MRSA strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Endre Jakab
- 1 Hungarian Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,2 Molecular Biology Center, Interdisciplinary Research Institute on Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mircea Colcieru
- 2 Molecular Biology Center, Interdisciplinary Research Institute on Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,3 CF General Hospital, Sibiu, Romania
| | - Réka Ilona Jakab
- 2 Molecular Biology Center, Interdisciplinary Research Institute on Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Evelyn Erzsébet Gabri
- 1 Hungarian Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Csilla Hanga Lázár
- 1 Hungarian Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Edina Török
- 1 Hungarian Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,4 Institute of Biology, Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bernadett Kremmer
- 1 Hungarian Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Tamás József Mészáros
- 1 Hungarian Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ágnes Katona
- 1 Hungarian Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Enikő Fazakas
- 1 Hungarian Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Liliana Coldea
- 3 CF General Hospital, Sibiu, Romania.,5 Department of Dentistry and Nursery, Faculty of Medicine, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Romania
| | - Octavian Popescu
- 2 Molecular Biology Center, Interdisciplinary Research Institute on Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,4 Institute of Biology, Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
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Expanding PVL positive MRSA healthcare-associated infections outbreak in a newborns unit, caused by hospital hygiene shortcomings. REV ROMANA MED LAB 2018. [DOI: 10.2478/rrlm-2018-0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A prolonged outbreak of Healthcare-Associated Infections (HCAIs) evolved since December 2013, in a Newborns Unit from Hospital A, sited in the North-Eastern development region, Romania. A first cluster consisted of 19 cases, of which 18 infections in newborns and 1 labour infectious complication in a mother. Except for five cases declared and treated in the Neonatology Unit as hospital-acquired infections, the other cases were discharged and further required rehospitalisation and treatment.
Eight of these innitialy discharged cases were readmitted to the Pediatric Surgery Unit and two others to the Pediatrics Unit of Hospital B, while three others were readmitted to three hospitals: one to the Pediatrics Unit of Hospital C, and other two to Hospital A and Hospital D, respectively. The mother with the labour infectious complication was readmitted to the Gynecology Unit of the Hospital A.
A number of fifteen Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) strains isolated from the HCAI first episode and 8 strains from 7 HCWs were received by „Cantacuzino” Institute, Nosocomial Infections and Antibiotic Resistance Laboratory from the County Public Health Directorate, for confirmation and molecular typing.
After a first round of interventions for infection control, a second episode bursted in Hospital A and our laboratory received six other S. aureus isolates from newborns, hospital environment, and HCWs.
Public Health interventions based on epidemiologic data and molecular microbiology results were finally successful. The evolution of all cases was favorable.
An important factor favoring the outbreak was the moving of the Birth Unit of Hospital A to an innapropriate location for an 18-month interval, more than innitially estimated, in relation to rehabilitation of the ward.
We considered to report this episode taking into account the unusual evolution, the risk of multiresistant bacterial strains spreading, and multiple unwanted consequences caused by shortcomings in providing appropriate hygiene conditions.
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Asadollahi P, Farahani NN, Mirzaii M, Khoramrooz SS, van Belkum A, Asadollahi K, Dadashi M, Darban-Sarokhalil D. Distribution of the Most Prevalent Spa Types among Clinical Isolates of Methicillin-Resistant and -Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus around the World: A Review. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:163. [PMID: 29487578 PMCID: PMC5816571 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:Staphylococcus aureus, a leading cause of community-acquired and nosocomial infections, remains a major health problem worldwide. Molecular typing methods, such as spa typing, are vital for the control and, when typing can be made more timely, prevention of S. aureus spread around healthcare settings. The current study aims to review the literature to report the most common clinical spa types around the world, which is important for epidemiological surveys and nosocomial infection control policies. Methods: A search via PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Embase, the Cochrane library, and Scopus was conducted for original articles reporting the most prevalent spa types among S. aureus isolates. The search terms were “Staphylococcus aureus, spa typing.” Results: The most prevalent spa types were t032, t008 and t002 in Europe; t037 and t002 in Asia; t008, t002, and t242 in America; t037, t084, and t064 in Africa; and t020 in Australia. In Europe, all the isolates related to spa type t032 were MRSA. In addition, spa type t037 in Africa and t037and t437 in Australia also consisted exclusively of MRSA isolates. Given the fact that more than 95% of the papers we studied originated in the past decade there was no option to study the dynamics of regional clone emergence. Conclusion: This review documents the presence of the most prevalent spa types in countries, continents and worldwide and shows big local differences in clonal distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Asadollahi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Narges Nodeh Farahani
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mirzaii
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Seyed Sajjad Khoramrooz
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Alex van Belkum
- Data Analytics Unit, bioMérieux 3, La Balme Les Grottes, France
| | - Khairollah Asadollahi
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.,Faculty of Medicine, Biotechnology and Medicinal Plants Researches Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Masoud Dadashi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Darban-Sarokhalil
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Neguţ AC, Chifiriuc MC, Săndulescu O, Streinu-Cercel A, Oprea M, Drăgulescu EC, Gheorghe I, Berciu I, Coralia B, Popa M, Oţelea D, Tălăpan D, Dorobăţ O, Codiţă I, Popa MI, Streinu-Cercel A. Bacteriophage-driven inhibition of biofilm formation in Staphylococcus strains from patients attending a Romanian reference center for infectious diseases. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2016; 363:fnw193. [PMID: 27521261 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnw193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing burden of invasive biofilm-related staphylococcal infections has led to a dire need for new agents to prevent biofilm formation. Bacteriophages may hypothetically alter a biofilm through several mechanisms, including induction of depolymerizing enzymes and lysis of persistent bacteria. We have assessed the influence of commercially available bacteriophage cocktails on Staphylococcus spp. clinical strains viability and biofilm formation. We analyzed 83 staphylococcal strains from patients consecutively admitted to a Romanian infection reference center from October 2014 through May 2015; the strains were characterized by phenotypic and genetic tools for their resistance and virulence features and for their phyliation. Experiments were performed in triplicate. Methicillin-susceptible strains were significantly more susceptible to all tested phages: 1.7-fold higher susceptibility for PYO, 1.4-fold for INTESTI, 2.9-fold for PHAGYO, 2.7-fold for PHAGESTI and 3.9-fold for STAPHYLOCOCCAL; t030 strains were significantly more susceptible to PYO and INTESTI compared with t127 strains. We identified a significant decrease in biofilm formation in the presence of both low and high PYO and INTESTI concentrations (P < 0.001). In conclusion, Staphylococcus strains from Romania displayed fairly good susceptibility to commercially available bacteriophages. We have also ascertained there is phage-driven in vitro inhibition of biofilm formation, the results potentially impacting prevention of prosthetic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Cristina Neguţ
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania National Institute for Infectious Diseases 'Prof. Dr Matei Balş', Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mariana-Carmen Chifiriuc
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Oana Săndulescu
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania National Institute for Infectious Diseases 'Prof. Dr Matei Balş', Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anca Streinu-Cercel
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania National Institute for Infectious Diseases 'Prof. Dr Matei Balş', Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Oprea
- National Institute of Research 'Cantacuzino', Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Irina Gheorghe
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioana Berciu
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania National Institute for Infectious Diseases 'Prof. Dr Matei Balş', Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bleotu Coralia
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania Ştefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Marcela Popa
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Dan Oţelea
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases 'Prof. Dr Matei Balş', Bucharest, Romania
| | - Daniela Tălăpan
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania National Institute for Infectious Diseases 'Prof. Dr Matei Balş', Bucharest, Romania
| | - Olga Dorobăţ
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases 'Prof. Dr Matei Balş', Bucharest, Romania
| | - Irina Codiţă
- National Institute of Research 'Cantacuzino', Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mircea Ioan Popa
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adrian Streinu-Cercel
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania National Institute for Infectious Diseases 'Prof. Dr Matei Balş', Bucharest, Romania
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Vas KE, Török Á, Cordoş B, Vancea S, Brassai A, Székely E. Effect of teicoplanin on Staphylococcus aureus with heterointermediate susceptibility to glycopeptides in experimental infective endocarditis model. J Chemother 2015; 28:446-9. [PMID: 25976829 DOI: 10.1179/1973947815y.0000000031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Krisztina E Vas
- a University of Medicine and Pharmacy Târgu-Mures, Microbiology Department , Targu Mures, Mures County , Romania
| | - Árpád Török
- b University of Medicine and Pharmacy Târgu-Mureş, Surgery Department , Targu Mures, Mures County , Romania
| | - Bogdan Cordoş
- c University of Medicine and Pharmacy Târgu-Mureş , Experimental Station , Targu Mures, Mures County , Romania
| | - Szende Vancea
- d University of Medicine and Pharmacy Târgu-Mureş, Department of Physical Chemistry , Targu Mures, Mures County , Romania
| | - Attila Brassai
- e University of Medicine and Pharmacy Târgu-Mureş, Pharmacology Department , Targu Mures, Mures County , Romania
| | - Edit Székely
- a University of Medicine and Pharmacy Târgu-Mures, Microbiology Department , Targu Mures, Mures County , Romania.,f Târgu-Mureş Clinical Emergency Hospital , Central Laboratory , Targu Mures, Mures County , Romania
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9
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Monecke S, Müller E, Dorneanu OS, Vremeră T, Ehricht R. Molecular typing of MRSA and of clinical Staphylococcus aureus isolates from Iaşi, Romania. PLoS One 2014; 9:e97833. [PMID: 24846009 PMCID: PMC4028265 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Romania is one of the countries with the highest prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in the world. To obtain data on affiliation of MRSA to strains and clonal complexes and on the population of methicillin susceptible S. aureus (MSSA), clinical isolates from bloodstream infections, skin and soft tissue infections as well as from screening swabs were collected at hospitals in Ia?i, a city in the North-Eastern part of Romania. Isolates were characterised by microarray hybridisation. Nearly half of all isolates (47%), and about one third (34%) of bloodstream isolates were MRSA. The prevalence of the Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) was also high (31% among MRSA, 14% among MSSA). The most common MRSA strain was a PVL-negative CC1-MRSA-IV that might have emerged locally, as a related MSSA was also common. PVL-positive CC8-MRSA-IV (“USA300”) and PVL-negative ST239-like MRSA-III were also frequently found while other MRSA strains were only sporadically detected. Among MSSA, PVL-positive CC121 as well as PVL-negative CC1, CC22 and CC45 predominated. Although this study provides only a snapshot of S. aureus/MRSA epidemiology in Romania, it confirms the high burden of MRSA and PVL on Romanian healthcare settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Monecke
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Medizinische Fakultät “Carl Gustav Carus”, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Alere Technologies GmbH, Jena, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Olivia Simona Dorneanu
- Microbiology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa” Iaşi, Iaşi, Romania
| | - Teodora Vremeră
- Microbiology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa” Iaşi, Iaşi, Romania
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10
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Huang E, Gurzau AE, Hanson BM, Kates AE, Smith TC, Pettigrew MM, Spinu M, Rabinowitz PM. Detection of livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus among swine workers in Romania. J Infect Public Health 2014; 7:323-32. [PMID: 24821273 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2014.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Revised: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a devastating pathogen that is associated with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Livestock are a well-known reservoir for this pathogen, which poses substantial health risks for livestock workers. Little is known about the epidemiology of livestock-associated MRSA (LA-MRSA) among livestock workers in Eastern Europe. METHODS To study the epidemiology of LA-MRSA among swine workers in Romania, we collected and characterized nasal and oropharygneal samples from swine workers on commercial pig farms. A survey that included questions about work-related tasks, biosafety practices, contact with animals, and health status was used to assess the risk factors that were potentially associated with LA-MRSA colonization. RESULTS The prevalence of MRSA colonization among swine workers was 6.8%. Two LA-MRSA strains with the spa types t034 and t011 and one likely community-associated MRSA strain with the spa type t321 were isolated from workers on five farms. Interestingly, all MRSA carriers worked on farms that imported animals from other production facilities. CONCLUSION This is the first study to confirm the presence of LA-MRSA among swine workers in Romania and suggests the need to minimize the risk of LA-MRSA-related infections in swine workers and their community contacts. The findings also suggest a link between the commercial movement of swine and the introduction of LA-MRSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eileen Huang
- Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States.
| | - Anca E Gurzau
- Environmental Health Center, Busuiocului 58, 400240 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Blake M Hanson
- College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Ashley E Kates
- College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Tara C Smith
- College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | | | - Marina Spinu
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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11
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Study of Decreased Susceptibility to Vancomycin in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains isolated from a Romanian Multidisciplinary Emergency Hospital. REV ROMANA MED LAB 2014. [DOI: 10.2478/rrlm-2014-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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12
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Frequency Distribution of Hospital-Acquired MRSA Nasal Carriage Among Hospitalized Patients in West of Iran. Jundishapur J Microbiol 1970. [DOI: 10.5812/jjm.9076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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