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Husna A, Rahman MM, Badruzzaman ATM, Sikder MH, Islam MR, Rahman MT, Alam J, Ashour HM. Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases (ESBL): Challenges and Opportunities. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2937. [PMID: 38001938 PMCID: PMC10669213 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11112937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The rise of antimicrobial resistance, particularly from extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E), poses a significant global health challenge as it frequently causes the failure of empirical antibiotic therapy, leading to morbidity and mortality. The E. coli- and K. pneumoniae-derived CTX-M genotype is one of the major types of ESBL. Mobile genetic elements (MGEs) are involved in spreading ESBL genes among the bacterial population. Due to the rapidly evolving nature of ESBL-E, there is a lack of specific standard examination methods. Carbapenem has been considered the drug of first choice against ESBL-E. However, carbapenem-sparing strategies and alternative treatment options are needed due to the emergence of carbapenem resistance. In South Asian countries, the irrational use of antibiotics might have played a significant role in aggravating the problem of ESBL-induced AMR. Superbugs showing resistance to last-resort antibiotics carbapenem and colistin have been reported in South Asian regions, indicating a future bleak picture if no urgent action is taken. To counteract the crisis, we need rapid diagnostic tools along with efficient treatment options. Detailed studies on ESBL and the implementation of the One Health approach including systematic surveillance across the public and animal health sectors are strongly recommended. This review provides an overview of the background, associated risk factors, transmission, and therapy of ESBL with a focus on the current situation and future threat in the developing countries of the South Asian region and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaul Husna
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan Town 350, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Md. Masudur Rahman
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, East Azampur, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh
| | - A. T. M. Badruzzaman
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan Town 350, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Mahmudul Hasan Sikder
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Rafiqul Islam
- Livestock Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council, Farmgate, Dhaka 1215, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Tanvir Rahman
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Jahangir Alam
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Biotechnology, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh
| | - Hossam M. Ashour
- Department of Integrative Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL 33701, USA
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Sajeev S, Hamza M, Rajan V, Vijayan A, Sivaraman GK, Shome BR, Holmes MA. Resistance profiles and genotyping of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) -producing and non-ESBL-producing E. coli and Klebsiella from retail market fishes. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2023:105446. [PMID: 37245778 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2023.105446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Studies on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles and epidemiological affirmation for AMR transmission are limited in fisheries and aquaculture settings. Since 2015, based on Global Action Plan on AMR by World Health Organization (WHO) and World Organization for Animal Health (OIE), several initiatives have been under taken to enhance the knowledge, skills and capacity to establish AMR trends through surveillance and strengthening of epidemiological evidence. The focus of this study was to determine the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), its resistance profiles and molecular characterization with respect to phylogroups, antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs), virulence genes (VGs), quaternary ammonium compounds resistance (QAC) genes and plasmid typing in retail market fishes. Pulse field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) to understand the genetic lineage of the two most important Enterobacteriaceae members, E. coli and Klebsiella sp. was performed. 94 fish samples were collected from three different sites viz., Silagrant (S1), Garchuk (S2) and North Guwahati Town Committee (NGTC) Region (S3) in Guwahati, Assam. Out of the 113 microbial isolates from the fish samples, 45 (39.82%) were E. coli; 23 (20.35%) belonged to Klebsiella genus. Among E. coli, 48.88% (n = 22) of the isolates were alerted by the BD Phoenix M50 instrument as ESBL, 15.55% (n = 7) as PCP and 35.55% (n = 16) as non-ESBL. E. coli (39.82%) was the most prevalent pathogen among the Enterobacteriaceae members screened and showed resistance to ampicillin (69%) followed by cefazoline (64%), cefotaxime (49%) and piperacillin (49%). In the present study, 66.66% of E. coli and 30.43% of Klebsiella sp. were categorized as multi drug resistance (MDR) bacteria. CTX-M-gp-1, with CTX-M-15 variant (47%), was the most widely circulating beta-lactamase gene, while other ESBL genes blaTEM (7%), blaSHV (2%) and blaOXA-1-like (2%) were also identified in E. coli. Out of the 23 isolates of Klebsiella, 14(60.86%) were ampicillin (AM)-resistant (11(47.82%) K. oxytoca, 3(13.04%) K. aerogenes), whereas 8(34.78%) isolates of K. oxytoca showed intermediate resistance to AM. All Klebsiella isolates were susceptible to AN, SCP, MEM and TZP, although two K. aerogenes were resistant to imipenem. DHA and LAT genes were detected, respectively, in 7(16%) and 1(2%) of the E. coli strains while a single K. oxytoca (4.34%) isolate carried MOX, DHA and blaCMY-2 genes. The fluoroquinolone resistance genes identified in E. coli included qnrB (71%), qnrS (84%), oqxB (73%) and aac(6)-Ib-cr (27%); however, in Klebsiella, these genes, respectively, had a prevalence of 87%, 26%, 74% and 9%. The E. coli isolates belonged to phylogroup A(47%), B1(33%) and D(14%). All of the 22(100%) ESBL E. coli had chromosome-mediated disinfectant resistance genes viz., ydgE, ydgF, sugE(c), mdfA while 82% of ESBL E. coli had emrE. Among the non-ESBL E. coli isolates, 87% of them showed the presence of ydgE, ydgF and sugE(c) genes, while 78% of the isolates had mdfA and 39% had emrE genes respectively. 59% of the ESBL and 26% of the non-ESBL E. coli had showed the presence of qacEΔ1. The sugE(p) was present in 27% of the ESBL-producing E. coli and in 9% of non-ESBL isolates. Out of the 3 ESBL-producing Klebsiella isolates, 2(66.66%) K. oxytoca isolates were found harboring plasmid-mediated qacEΔ1 gene while one (33.33%) K. oxytoca isolate had sugE(p) gene. IncFI was the most prevalent plasmid type detected in the isolates studied, with A/C (18%), P (14%), X, Y (9% each) and I1-Iγ (14%, 4%). 50% (n = 11) of the ESBL and 17% (n = 4) of the non-ESBL E. coli isolates harboured IncFIB and 45% (n = 10) ESBL and one (4.34%) non-ESBL E. coli isolates harboured IncFIA. Dominance of E. coli over other Enterobacterales and diverse phylogenetic profiles of E. coli and Klebsiella sp. suggests the possibility of contamination and this may be due to compromised hygienic practices along the supply chain and contamination of aquatic ecosystem. Continuous surveillance in domestic markets must be a priority in addressing antimicrobial resistance in fishery settings and to identify any unwarranted epidemic clones of E. coli and Klebsiella that can challenge public health sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudha Sajeev
- Microbiology, Fermentation and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Cochin, India
| | - Muneeb Hamza
- Microbiology, Fermentation and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Cochin, India
| | - Vineeth Rajan
- Microbiology, Fermentation and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Cochin, India
| | - Ardhra Vijayan
- Microbiology, Fermentation and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Cochin, India
| | - Gopalan Krishnan Sivaraman
- Microbiology, Fermentation and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Cochin, India.
| | - Bibek R Shome
- Department of Disease Investigation, ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Mark A Holmes
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, UK
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Bhowmick S, Pal S, Sunder J, Sujatha T, De AK, Mondal T, Singh AD, Joardar SN, Batabyal K, Dutta TK, Bandyopadhyay S, Tiwari A, Samanta I. Exploring broilers and native fowls of Andaman and Nicobar Islands as a source of β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae even with limited anthropogenic activities and docking-based identification of catalytic domains in novel β-lactamase variants. Front Vet Sci 2023; 9:1075133. [PMID: 36686169 PMCID: PMC9849777 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1075133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The present study was conducted to detect the occurrence of β-lactamase and biofilm-producing Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Klebsiella in broilers and native fowl reared in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. The study also included molecular docking experiments to confirm the nature of the catalytic domains found in the β-lactamase variants obtained and to reveal the clonal relationship of the isolates with human clinical strains from the database. Materials and methods A total of 199 cloacal swabs were collected from five poultry breeds/varieties (broiler, Vanraja, Desi, Nicobari, and layer) in three districts of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. E. coli, Salmonella enterica, and Klebsiella pneumoniae were isolated by standard techniques and confirmed by PCR. Phenotypical β-lactamase producers were identified by a double-disc test. The genes (bla CTX, bla SHV, bla TEM , and bla AmpC) were screened, and selected sequences of β-lactamase variants were submitted to DDBJ. Homology modeling, model validation, and active site identification of different β-lactamase variants were done by the SWISS-MODEL. Molecular docking was performed to identify the catalytic domains of the β-lactamase variants. The selected β-lactamase sequences were compared with the Indian ESBL sequences from human clinical strains in NCBI-GenBank. Results In total, 425 Enterobacteriaceae strains were isolated from the collected samples. Klebsiella pneumoniae (42.58%) was found to be the most prevalent, followed by Salmonella enterica (30.82%) and E. coli (26.58%). The phenotypical antibiogram of all 425 isolates showed the highest resistance against oxytetracycline (61-76%) and the lowest against gentamicin (15-20%). Phenotypical production of β-lactamase enzymes was observed in 141 (33.38%) isolates. The isolation rate of β-lactamase producing E. coli, Salmonella enterica, and Klebsiella pneumoniae was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the birds reared in the South Andaman district (25.6, 17.5, and 18.7%, respectively) than in Nicobar (11.5, 7.6, 7.1%, respectively). Genotyping of the β-lactamase-producing isolates revealed the maximum possession of bla TEM, followed by bla SHV and bla CTX - M. The nucleotide sequences were found to be similar with bla CTX - M-15, bla SHV - 11, bla SHV - 27, bla SHV - 228, bla TEM - 1, and bla AmpC in BLAST search. Distribution of studied biofilm-associated genes in Enterobacteriaceae strains from different varieties of the birds revealed that the layer birds had the maximum possession, followed by Vanraja, Desi, broilers, and Nicobari fowls. The phylogenetic analysis of selected sequences revealed a partial clonal relationship with human clinical strains of the Indian subcontinent. Molecular docking depicted the Gibbs free energy release for 10 different macromolecules (proteins) and ligand (antibiotic) complexes, ranging from -8.1 (SHV-27 + cefotaxime) to -7 (TEM-1 + cefotaxime) kcal/mol. Conclusion and relevance The study revealed β-lactamase variants circulating in the fowl population of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands (India), even in remote places with low anthropogenic activity. Most of the strains possessed bla TEM - 1, followed by bla CTX - M-15. Possession of bla SHV - 11, bla SHV - 27, and bla SHV - 228 in poultry Enterobacteriaceae strains was not reported earlier from any part of the world. The phylogenetic analysis revealed a partial clonal relationship of β-lactamase sequences with the human clinical strains isolated from the Indian subcontinent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Bhowmick
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, West Bengal, India,Animal Science Division, ICAR-Central Island Agricultural Research Institute, Port Blair, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India
| | - Surajit Pal
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Jai Sunder
- Animal Science Division, ICAR-Central Island Agricultural Research Institute, Port Blair, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India
| | - T. Sujatha
- Animal Science Division, ICAR-Central Island Agricultural Research Institute, Port Blair, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India
| | - Arun Kumar De
- Animal Science Division, ICAR-Central Island Agricultural Research Institute, Port Blair, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India
| | - Tousif Mondal
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Abhishek D. Singh
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Siddhartha Narayan Joardar
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Kunal Batabyal
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Tapan Kumar Dutta
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Central Agricultural University, Aizawl, Mizoram, India
| | - Samiran Bandyopadhyay
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Ananda Tiwari
- Department of Food Hygiene and Environmental Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland,Ananda Tiwari ✉
| | - Indranil Samanta
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, West Bengal, India,*Correspondence: Indranil Samanta ✉; ✉
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Kowalczyk J, Czokajło I, Gańko M, Śmiałek M, Koncicki A. Identification and Antimicrobial Resistance in Klebsiella spp. Isolates from Turkeys in Poland between 2019 and 2022. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12223157. [PMID: 36428385 PMCID: PMC9686990 DOI: 10.3390/ani12223157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the important problems in poultry production is bacterial infections and increasing resistance to antibiotics. The increasing incidence of multidrug-resistant bacteria is a major challenge for physicians and veterinarians and considerably limits treatment options. This study was undertaken in order to assess the prevalence and antibiotic resistance of Klebsiella spp. strains isolated from turkeys sampled from 2019 to 2022 in Poland. The material for study consisted of clinical samples taken during routine monitoring and microbiological identification testing at commercial poultry farms. From all 507 isolates of Klebsiella, 95% were identified by MALDI-TOF (Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption - Ionisation-Time of Flight) as Klebsiella pneumonia, 2% were Klebsiella oxytoca, 2% Klebsiella variicola, or unidentified (1%). All isolated Klebsiella strains were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility by disk diffusion. The results of our study indicated that colistin, neomycin, florfenicol and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid were the most effective against the Klebsiella spp. isolated from turkeys. In addition, the results show a decrease in the number of multi-resistant Klebsiella spp. strains between 2019 and 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kowalczyk
- Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego 13, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-89-523-38-11
| | - Ilona Czokajło
- SLW Biolab Veterinary Laboratory, ul. Grunwaldzka 62, 14-100 Ostróda, Poland
| | - Marta Gańko
- SLW Biolab Veterinary Laboratory, ul. Grunwaldzka 62, 14-100 Ostróda, Poland
| | - Marcin Śmiałek
- Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego 13, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
- SLW Biolab Veterinary Laboratory, ul. Grunwaldzka 62, 14-100 Ostróda, Poland
| | - Andrzej Koncicki
- Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego 13, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
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Biswas R, Debnath C, Bandyopadhyay S, Samanta I. One Health approaches adapted in low resource settings to address antimicrobial resistance. SCIENCE IN ONE HEALTH 2022; 1:100011. [PMID: 39076606 PMCID: PMC11262262 DOI: 10.1016/j.soh.2023.100011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Inter-disciplinary collaborations are now considered as key factors for integrated health system strengthening. Its application in the domain of One Health needs more milestones to achieve. Other than the human health sector, the antimicrobials are used in food animals and aquaculture for therapy, prophylaxis and growth promotion which significantly contributes to the development of antimicrobial resistance. It is the high time to develop a sustainable collaboration between the concerned sectors of One Health for a resilient health system. The domain of One Health not only mitigates the emergence of antimicrobial resistance but also helps in realizing the surveillance and epidemiology of zoonotic diseases, and the control of public health emergencies such as COVID-19. The review identified the key One Health strategies adapted by India, the exemplary low resource settings, to address antimicrobial resistance and zoonosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ripan Biswas
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, F/o Veterinary and Animal Sciences, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, 37, K. B. Sarani, Kolkata, 700037, West Bengal, India
| | - Chanchal Debnath
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, F/o Veterinary and Animal Sciences, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, 37, K. B. Sarani, Kolkata, 700037, West Bengal, India
| | - Samiran Bandyopadhyay
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Indranil Samanta
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, F/o Veterinary and Animal Sciences, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, 37, K. B. Sarani, Kolkata, 700037, West Bengal, India
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Bandyopadhyay S, Samanta I. Antimicrobial Resistance in Agri-Food Chain and Companion Animals as a Re-emerging Menace in Post-COVID Epoch: Low-and Middle-Income Countries Perspective and Mitigation Strategies. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:620. [PMID: 33195500 PMCID: PMC7581709 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) leads to enormous financial losses from issues such as high morbidity, mortality, man-days lost, hospital length of stay, health-care, and social costs. In humans, over prescription of antimicrobials, which is presumably higher during COVID, has been identified as the major source of selection for antimicrobial resistant bacteria; however, use of antimicrobials in food and companion animals, fish, and vegetables, and the environmental resistance gene pool, also play important roles. The possibilities of unnecessary use of antibiotics as prophylaxis during and after COVID in livestock and companion animals exist in low-and middle-income countries. A considerable loss in gross domestic product (GDP) is also projected in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) due to AMR by the year 2050, which is further going to be reduced due to economic slowdown in the post-COVID period. Veterinary hospitals dedicated to pets have cropped up, especially in urban areas of LMICs where use of antimicrobials has also been increased substantially. The inevitable preventive habit built up during COVID with the frequent use of hand sanitizer might trigger AMR due to the presence of cross-resistance with disinfectants. In LMICs, due to the rising demand for animal protein, industrial food animal production (IFAP) is slowly replacing the small-scale backyard farming system. The lack of stringent regulations and monitoring increased the non-therapeutic use of antimicrobials in industrial farms where the persistence of antimicrobial resistant bacteria has been associated with several factors other than antimicrobial use, such as co-resistance, cross-resistance, bacterial fitness, mixing of new and old animals, and vectors or reservoirs of bacterial infection. The present review describes types of antimicrobials used in agri-food chains and companion animals in LMICs with identification of the gap in data, updated categories of prevalent antimicrobial resistant bacteria, the role of animal farms as reservoirs of resistant bacteria, and mitigation strategies, with a special focus on the pivotal strategy needed in the post-COVID period.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Indranil Samanta
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, India
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Kuralayanapalya SP, Patil SS, Hamsapriya S, Shinduja R, Roy P, Amachawadi RG. Prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing bacteria from animal origin: A systematic review and meta-analysis report from India. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221771. [PMID: 31483816 PMCID: PMC6726241 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) due to the emergence and spread of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing bacteria are becoming a serious global public health concern. This article aims to assess the overall prevalence of ESBLs among animals in India, with year-wise, zone-wise and species-wise stratification. Systematic search from PubMed, Google Scholar and J-Gate Plus was carried out and 24 eligible articles from 2013–2019 in India were retrieved. The R Open source Scripting software was used to perform statistical analysis. The overall prevalence of ESBLs among animals in India was 9%. The pooled prevalence of ESBLs in animals were 26, 11, 6 and 8% for north, east, south and central zones, respectively. The reported prevalence of ESBLs in animals were 12, 5, 8, 8, 12, 13 and 33% were reported for the years 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 respectively. The species-wise stratified results showed a predominance of ESBL producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strains (11%) when compared to Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas spp. which were 7% and 5%, respectively. The prevalence data generated could be utilized in infection control and in antibiotic use management decisions for developing appropriate intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh P. Kuralayanapalya
- ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (NIVEDI), Yelahanka, Bengaluru, India
| | - Sharanagouda S. Patil
- ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (NIVEDI), Yelahanka, Bengaluru, India
| | - Sudhakar Hamsapriya
- ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (NIVEDI), Yelahanka, Bengaluru, India
| | - Rajamani Shinduja
- ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (NIVEDI), Yelahanka, Bengaluru, India
| | - Parimal Roy
- ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (NIVEDI), Yelahanka, Bengaluru, India
| | - Raghavendra G. Amachawadi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Daehre K, Projahn M, Friese A, Semmler T, Guenther S, Roesler UH. ESBL-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in the Broiler Production Chain and the First Description of ST3128. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2302. [PMID: 30337912 PMCID: PMC6178893 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) represent an increasing problem both in human and veterinary medicine. As SHV-2 - encoding K. pneumoniae were recently detected in the broiler production we were interested in investigating a possible transmission along the broiler production chain and furthermore, in evaluating their possible impact on human health. Therefore, 41 ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae originating from a parent flock, from the hatcherys' environment during the hatching of that parent flocks' chickens, and from an associated fattening flock were investigated on an Illumina Miseq. Whole genome sequences were analyzed concerning their MLST-type, cgMLST-type, genotypic and phenotypic resistance, plasmid profiles and virulence genes. Irrespective of the origin of isolation all investigated isolates were multi-drug resistant, harbored the same ESBL-gene blaSHV−2, shared the same sequence type (ST3128) and displayed 100% similarity in core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST). In addition, in silico plasmid typing found several Inc/Rep types associated with ESBL-plasmids. Summarizing, identical clones of SHV-2—producing K. pneumoniae were detected in different stages of the industrial broiler production in one out of seven investigated broiler chains. This proves the possibility of pseudo-vertical transmission of multi-resistant human pathogens from parent flocks to hatcheries and fattening flocks. Furthermore, the importance of cross-contamination along the production chain was shown. Although the ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae clone detected here in the broiler production has not been associated with clinical settings so far, our findings present a potential public health threat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Daehre
- Institute for Animal Hygiene and Environmental Health, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michaela Projahn
- Institute for Animal Hygiene and Environmental Health, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anika Friese
- Institute for Animal Hygiene and Environmental Health, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Torsten Semmler
- NG1-Microbial Genomics, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Guenther
- Pharmaceutical Biology Institute of Pharmacy, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Uwe H Roesler
- Institute for Animal Hygiene and Environmental Health, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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