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Molecular Characterization of Antibiotic Resistance and Genetic Diversity of Klebsiella pneumoniae Strains. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY 2022; 2022:2156726. [PMID: 35774246 PMCID: PMC9239796 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2156726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aims of this study were the molecular characterization of antibiotic resistance and genotyping of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated from clinical cases in Tehran, Iran. A total of 100 different types of clinical human samples were collected from a major teaching hospital in Tehran, Iran. Bacterial isolates were identified using standard microbiological tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done according to the latest CLSI guidelines. PCR was used to amplify the gyrA gene in quinolone-resistant isolates and sequencing was performed for the detection of probable mutations between the isolates. The occurrence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes (qnrA, qnrB, and qnrS) was also investigated by PCR. Finally, genotyping of the strains was performed by PFGE in a standard condition. The susceptibility pattern revealed a high and low level of resistance against meropenem (20%) and trimethoprim (37%), respectively. PCR and sequencing detected mutation in the gyrA gene in 51% of quinolone-resistant K. pneumoniae. According to the susceptibility report, among nalidixic acid-resistant strains, 60.5%, 50%, and 42.9% of isolates contained qnrA, qnrB, and qnrS, respectively. Among ciprofloxacin-resistant strains, qnrA was the most frequent PMQR gene. The PFGE differentiated the strains into 31 different genetic clusters so that the highest number (7/66) was in category A. Our results indicated that the frequency of resistance to various antibiotics particularly trimethoprim, nalidixic acid, and cefoxitin are increasing. The presence of qnr (S and A) genes and point mutation of the gyrA gene were likely to be responsible for the resistance toward nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin in our strains. Also, the results obtained from genotyping indicated that the K. pneumoniae strains isolated in this study belonged to the diverse clones.
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Mohammadi Bandari N, Keyvani H, Abootaleb M. Diversity identification of KPC- producing Klebsiella pneumoniae using multilocus variable number tandem repeat analysis. Indian J Med Microbiol 2022; 40:245-249. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmmb.2022.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Santiago Rodríguez M, Bravata Alcántara JC, Martínez Briseño JC, Díaz Escamilla E, Cortes Ortiz IA, Martínez Benitez MB, Lopez-Canovas L. Rapid Protocol for Characterizing Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates by Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) in Contour Clamped Homogeneous Electric Field (CHEF) Minigels. ANAL LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2020.1776310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Molecular strain typing of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae: capsular wzi gene sequencing versus multiple locus variable number tandem repeat analysis. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2020; 98:115139. [PMID: 32861156 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study compared genotyping of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates by 2 molecular methods. Genotyping of 50 multidrug-resistant (MDR) and 10 non-MDR K. pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae isolates from 2 hospitals was done using multiple locus variable number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) and capsular typing by wzi gene sequencing. Genotyping of the isolates by the 2 methods showed 100% typeability. Agreement on clustering of the isolates by the 2 methods was 82.6%. Typing by MLVA, however, was more discriminatory (97%) than by wzi gene sequencing (92%). All the 23 K. pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae isolates randomly selected for wzi gene sequencing showed sequence identity to previously published wzi sequences, which enabled prediction of the K-types of 16 of them. The 2 methods revealed the relatedness of (8/15) isolates from 1 of the 2 hospitals. MLVA may be considered a cheaper and more discriminatory molecular typing method suitable for genotyping of K. pneumoniae isolates in developing countries.
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Neoh HM, Tan XE, Sapri HF, Tan TL. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE): A review of the "gold standard" for bacteria typing and current alternatives. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2019; 74:103935. [PMID: 31233781 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2019.103935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) is considered the "gold standard" for bacteria typing. The method involves enzyme restriction of bacteria DNA, separation of the restricted DNA bands using a pulsed-field electrophoresis chamber, followed by clonal assignment of bacteria based on PFGE banding patterns. Various PFGE protocols have been developed for typing different bacteria, leading it to be one of the most widely used methods for phylogenetic studies, food safety surveillance, infection control and outbreak investigations. On the other hand, as PFGE is lengthy and labourious, several PCR-based typing methods can be used as alternatives for research purposes. Recently, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and whole genome sequencing (WGS) have also been proposed for bacteria typing. In fact, as WGS provides more information, such as antimicrobial resistance and virulence of the tested bacteria in comparison to PFGE, more and more laboratories are currently transitioning from PFGE to WGS for bacteria typing. Nevertheless, PFGE will remain an affordable and relevant technique for small laboratories and hospitals in years to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Min Neoh
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia.
| | - Xin-Ee Tan
- Department of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Japan
| | - Hassriana Fazilla Sapri
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia
| | - Toh Leong Tan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia
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Jafari Z, Harati AA, Haeili M, Kardan-Yamchi J, Jafari S, Jabalameli F, Meysamie A, Abdollahi A, Feizabadi MM. Molecular Epidemiology and Drug Resistance Pattern of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates from Iran. Microb Drug Resist 2018; 25:336-343. [PMID: 30351186 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2017.0404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence and dissemination of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) isolates and their involvement in several nosocomial outbreaks are of high concern. This study was conducted to investigate the genetic relatedness and molecular determinants of carbapenem resistance in 100 CRKP isolates. Susceptibility to carbapenems as well as other antibiotics was determined by using disk diffusion method. The Modified Hodge test was performed for detection of carbapenemase production. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of selected antibiotics were determined by broth microdilution method. The presence of blaOXA-48, blaKPC, blaNDM, and blaVIM carbapenemase genes was examined by PCR, and clonal relatedness of CRKP isolates was investigated by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis. blaOXA-48 was the most frequent carbapenemase gene (72%), followed by blaNDM (31%). None of the isolates harbored blaKPC and blaVIM genes. PFGE separated the majority of isolates into 10 clusters, including the major clusters A and B, carrying blaOXA-48, and clusters C and D, carrying blaNDM, and 4 isolates had a unique PFGE pattern. An increased rate of colistin resistance (50%) was detected among the isolates. Tigecycline was found to be the most active agent against CRKP isolates. Our results revealed that high prevalence of blaOXA-48 and blaNDM carbapenamses and resistance to colistin are alarming threats, necessitating an immediate action to prevent the spread of carbapenem-colistin-resistant K. pneumoniae isolates in Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Jafari
- 1 Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran .,2 Pediatric Infectious Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahad Ali Harati
- 1 Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehri Haeili
- 3 Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz , Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jalil Kardan-Yamchi
- 4 Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
| | - Sirous Jafari
- 5 Department of Infectious Diseases, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Jabalameli
- 1 Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
| | - Alipasha Meysamie
- 6 Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Abdollahi
- 7 Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Feizabadi
- 1 Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran .,8 Thorax Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
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