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Modarresi Chahardehi A, Afrooghe A, Emtiazi N, Rafiei S, Rezaei NJ, Dahmardeh S, Farz F, Naderi Z, Arefnezhad R, Motedayyen H. MicroRNAs and angiosarcoma: are there promising reports? Front Oncol 2024; 14:1385632. [PMID: 38826780 PMCID: PMC11143796 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1385632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs) have garnered increasing attention for their potential implications in cancer pathogenesis, functioning either as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. Notably, angiosarcoma, along with various other cardiovascular tumors such as lipomas, rhabdomyomas, hemangiomas, and myxomas, has shown variations in the expression of specific miRNA subtypes. A substantial body of evidence underscores the pivotal involvement of miRNAs in the genesis of angiosarcoma and certain cardiovascular tumors. This review aims to delve into the current literature on miRNAs and their prospective applications in cardiovascular malignancies, with a specific focus on angiosarcoma. It comprehensively covers diagnostic methods, prognostic evaluations, and potential treatments while providing a recapitulation of angiosarcoma's risk factors and molecular pathogenesis, with an emphasis on the role of miRNAs. These insights can serve as the groundwork for designing randomized control trials, ultimately facilitating the translation of these findings into clinical applications. Moving forward, it is imperative for studies to thoroughly scrutinize the advantages and disadvantages of miRNAs compared to current diagnostic and prognostic approaches in angiosarcoma and other cardiovascular tumors. Closing these knowledge gaps will be crucial for harnessing the full potential of miRNAs in the realm of angiosarcoma and cardiovascular tumor research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arya Afrooghe
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nikoo Emtiazi
- Department of Pathology, Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajjad Rafiei
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | | | - Sarvin Dahmardeh
- Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Farz
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Zahra Naderi
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Reza Arefnezhad
- Coenzyme R Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hossein Motedayyen
- Autoimmune Diseases Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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2
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Li Y, Zhang S, Li Y, Liu J, Li Q, Zang W, Pan Y. The Regulatory Network of hnRNPs Underlying Regulating PKM Alternative Splicing in Tumor Progression. Biomolecules 2024; 14:566. [PMID: 38785973 PMCID: PMC11117501 DOI: 10.3390/biom14050566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
One of the hallmarks of cancer is metabolic reprogramming in tumor cells, and aerobic glycolysis is the primary mechanism by which glucose is quickly transformed into lactate. As one of the primary rate-limiting enzymes, pyruvate kinase (PK) M is engaged in the last phase of aerobic glycolysis. Alternative splicing is a crucial mechanism for protein diversity, and it promotes PKM precursor mRNA splicing to produce PKM2 dominance, resulting in low PKM1 expression. Specific splicing isoforms are produced in various tissues or illness situations, and the post-translational modifications are linked to numerous disorders, including cancers. hnRNPs are one of the main components of the splicing factor families. However, there have been no comprehensive studies on hnRNPs regulating PKM alternative splicing. Therefore, this review focuses on the regulatory network of hnRNPs on PKM pre-mRNA alternative splicing in tumors and clinical drug research. We elucidate the role of alternative splicing in tumor progression, prognosis, and the potential mechanism of abnormal RNA splicing. We also summarize the drug targets retarding tumorous splicing events, which may be critical to improving the specificity and effectiveness of current therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchao Li
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China; (Y.L.); (S.Z.); (J.L.); (Q.L.); (W.Z.)
| | - Shuwei Zhang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China; (Y.L.); (S.Z.); (J.L.); (Q.L.); (W.Z.)
| | - Yuexian Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology Gastrointestinal and Urinary and Musculoskeletal Cancer, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110042, China;
| | - Junchao Liu
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China; (Y.L.); (S.Z.); (J.L.); (Q.L.); (W.Z.)
| | - Qian Li
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China; (Y.L.); (S.Z.); (J.L.); (Q.L.); (W.Z.)
| | - Wenli Zang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China; (Y.L.); (S.Z.); (J.L.); (Q.L.); (W.Z.)
| | - Yaping Pan
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China; (Y.L.); (S.Z.); (J.L.); (Q.L.); (W.Z.)
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Huang CG, Liu Q, Zheng ST, Liu T, Tan YY, Peng TY, Chen J, Lu XM. miR-133b Promotes Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Metastasis. Clin Med Insights Oncol 2023; 17:11795549231219502. [PMID: 38144543 PMCID: PMC10748682 DOI: 10.1177/11795549231219502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Evaluation of biological changes at the molecular level has important clinical implications for improving the survival rate of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Therefore, we plan to analyze and elucidate the expression of microRNA-133b (miR-133b), M2 pyruvate kinase (PKM2), and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in ESCC and their associated clinicopathological significance. Methods The 72 patients with ESCC were selected as the experimental study group. Normal adjacent tissues (NAT) were matched as the control group. In this study, in situ hybridization was used to detect the expression of miR-133b in ESCC, and tissue expressions of PKM2 and STAT3 were detected by immunohistochemistry, and literature review was conducted. Results Studies had shown that the positive expression of miR-133b in NAT was significantly higher than that in ESCC (χ2 = 9.007, P = .003). PKM2 and STAT3 in ESCC had a significantly higher positive expression levels than those of NAT (χ2 = 56.523, P = .000; χ2 = 72.939, P = .000). From correlation analysis, there was a negative correlation between miR-133b and PKM2(r = -0.515, P < .001), a negative correlation between miR-133b and STAT3(r = -0.314, P = .007), and a positive correlation between PKM2 and STAT3(r = 0.771, P < .001). Conclusions In ESCC, our study demonstrated that downregulation of miR-133b and upregulation of PKM2 and STAT3. We predict that miR-133b may inhibit the STAT3 pathway by downregulating PKM2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong-Gai Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, P R China
| | - Qing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Shu-Tao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Tao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yi-Yi Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Tian-Yuan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Jiao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
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4
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Chen HH, Hao PH, Zhang FY, Zhang TN. Non-coding RNAs in metabolic reprogramming of bone and soft tissue sarcoma: Fundamental mechanism and clinical implication. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 160:114346. [PMID: 36738505 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcomas, comprising approximately 1% of human malignancies, show a poor response to treatment and easy recurrence. Metabolic reprogramming play an important role in tumor development in sarcomas. Accumulating evidence shows that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) participate in regulating the cellular metabolism of sarcomas, which improves the understanding of the development of therapy-resistant tumors. This review addresses the regulatory roles of metabolism-related ncRNAs and their implications for sarcoma initiation and progression. Dysregulation of metabolism-related ncRNAs is common in sarcomas and is associated with poor survival. Emerging studies show that abnormal expression of metabolism-related ncRNAs affects cellular metabolism, including glucose, lipid, and mitochondrial metabolism, and leads to the development of aggressive sarcomas. This review summarizes recent advances in the roles of dysregulated metabolism-related ncRNAs in sarcoma development and stemness and describes their potential to serve as biological biomarkers for disease diagnosis and prognosis prediction, as well as therapeutic targets for treating refractory sarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Huan Chen
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China.
| | - Peng-Hui Hao
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China.
| | - Fang-Yuan Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China.
| | - Tie-Ning Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China.
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5
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Teo AYT, Lim VY, Yang VS. MicroRNAs in the Pathogenesis, Prognostication and Prediction of Treatment Resistance in Soft Tissue Sarcomas. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030577. [PMID: 36765536 PMCID: PMC9913386 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Soft tissue sarcomas are highly aggressive malignant neoplasms of mesenchymal origin, accounting for less than 1% of adult cancers, but comprising over 20% of paediatric solid tumours. In locally advanced, unresectable, or metastatic disease, outcomes from even the first line of systemic treatment are invariably poor. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), which are short non-coding RNA molecules, target and modulate multiple dysregulated target genes and/or signalling pathways within cancer cells. Accordingly, miRNAs demonstrate great promise for their utility in diagnosing, prognosticating and improving treatment for soft tissue sarcomas. This review aims to provide an updated discussion on the known roles of specific miRNAs in the pathogenesis of sarcomas, and their potential use in prognosticating outcomes and prediction of therapeutic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea York Tiang Teo
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Vivian Yujing Lim
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Valerie Shiwen Yang
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore 138673, Singapore
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610, Singapore
- Oncology Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- Correspondence:
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Shinohara H, Sawado R, Nakagawa M, Hattori A, Yamagata K, Tauchi K, Ito J, Kuwahara Y, Okuda T, Ogawa C, Kitabayashi I. Dual targeting of EZH1 and EZH2 for the treatment of malignant rhabdoid tumors. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2022; 27:14-25. [PMID: 36212776 PMCID: PMC9529991 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2022.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant rhabdoid tumors (MRTs) are rare and highly aggressive pediatric cancers with no standard of care. MRTs are characterized by loss of SMARCB1, which results in upregulated expression of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), which is responsible for the methylation of lysine 27 of histone H3 (H3K27me3), leading to the repression of gene expression. Although previous reports suggest EZH2 as an effective therapeutic target, the functions of EZH1, the other homolog of EZH, in MRT remain unknown. Here, we show that EZH1, as well as EZH2, contributes to MRT cell growth and H3K27 methylation. Depletion or selective inhibition of EZH2 led to a compensatory increase in EZH1 expression, and depletion of EZH1 enhanced the effect of EZH2 inhibition. EZH1/2 dual inhibitors suppressed MRT cell growth markedly, reflecting the reduction of H3K27me3 accumulation at one of the EZH1/2 targets, the CDKN2A locus. Dual inhibition of EZH1/2 in vivo suppressed tumor growth completely, with no significant adverse effects. These findings indicate that both EZH1 and EZH2 are potential targets for MRT therapy, and that EZH1/2 dual inhibitors may be promising therapeutic strategies for MRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruka Shinohara
- Division of Hematological Malignancy, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Rie Sawado
- Division of Hematological Malignancy, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Makoto Nakagawa
- Division of Hematological Malignancy, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Ayuna Hattori
- Division of Hematological Malignancy, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
- Department of Biosystems Science, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kazutsune Yamagata
- Division of Hematological Malignancy, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Kimiharu Tauchi
- Division of Hematological Malignancy, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Jumpei Ito
- Division of Hematological Malignancy, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, 160-8582 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasumichi Kuwahara
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Okuda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Chitose Ogawa
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Issay Kitabayashi
- Division of Hematological Malignancy, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
- Corresponding author Issay Kitabayashi, Division of Hematological Malignancy, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan.
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7
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Chiu HY, Loh AHP, Taneja R. Mitochondrial calcium uptake regulates tumour progression in embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:419. [PMID: 35490194 PMCID: PMC9056521 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04835-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
AbstractEmbryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS) is characterised by a failure of cells to complete skeletal muscle differentiation. Although ERMS cells are vulnerable to oxidative stress, the relevance of mitochondrial calcium homoeostasis in oncogenesis is unclear. Here, we show that ERMS cell lines as well as primary tumours exhibit elevated expression of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU). MCU knockdown resulted in impaired mitochondrial calcium uptake and a reduction in mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS) levels. Phenotypically, MCU knockdown cells exhibited reduced cellular proliferation and motility, with an increased propensity to differentiate in vitro and in vivo. RNA-sequencing of MCU knockdown cells revealed a significant reduction in genes involved in TGFβ signalling that play prominent roles in oncogenesis and inhibition of myogenic differentiation. Interestingly, modulation of mROS production impacted TGFβ signalling. Our study elucidates mechanisms by which mitochondrial calcium dysregulation promotes tumour progression and suggests that targeting the MCU complex to restore mitochondrial calcium homoeostasis could be a therapeutic avenue in ERMS.
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8
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Dai S, Wang C, Zhang C, Feng L, Zhang W, Zhou X, He Y, Xia X, Chen B, Song W. PTB: Not just a polypyrimidine tract-binding protein. J Cell Physiol 2022; 237:2357-2373. [PMID: 35288937 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Polypyrimidine tract-binding protein (PTB), as a member of the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein family, functions by rapidly shuttling between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. PTB is involved in the alternative splicing of pre-messenger RNA (mRNA) and almost all steps of mRNA metabolism. PTB regulation is organ-specific; brain- or muscle-specific microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs partially contribute to regulating PTB, thereby modulating many physiological and pathological processes, such as embryonic development, cell development, spermatogenesis, and neuron growth and differentiation. Previous studies have shown that PTB knockout can inhibit tumorigenesis and development. The knockout of PTB in glial cells can be reprogrammed into functional neurons, which shows great promise in the field of nerve regeneration but is controversial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirui Dai
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.,Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.,Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.,Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Chao Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.,Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.,Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Lemeng Feng
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.,Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Wulong Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.,Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Xuezhi Zhou
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.,Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Ye He
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.,Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Xiaobo Xia
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.,Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Baihua Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.,Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Weitao Song
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.,Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
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9
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Synthetic Circular miR-21 Sponge as Tool for Lung Cancer Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23062963. [PMID: 35328383 PMCID: PMC8955967 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23062963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common cancer in the world and several miRNAs are associated with it. MiRNA sponges are presented as tools to inhibit miRNAs. We designed a system to capture miRNAs based on circular RNAs (circRNA). To demonstrate its usefulness, we chose miR-21, which is upregulated and implicated in lung cancer. We constructed a miR-21 sponge and inserted it into a vector that facilitates circular RNA production (Circ-21) to study its effect on growth, colony formation, and migration in lung cancer cell lines and multicellular tumor spheroids (MTS). Circ-21 induced a significant and time-dependent decrease in the growth of A549 and LL2 cells, but not in L132 cells. Furthermore, A549 and LL2 cells transfected with Circ-21 showed a lower number of colonies and migration than L132. Similar findings were seen in A549 and LL2 Circ-21 MTS, which showed a significant decrease in volume growth, but not in L132 Circ-21 MTS. Based on this, the miR-21 circular sponge may suppress the processes of tumorigenesis and progression. Therefore, our system based on circular sponges seems to be effective, as a tool for the capture of other miRNAs.
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10
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Miyagaki S, Kikuchi K, Mori J, Lopaschuk GD, Iehara T, Hosoi H. Inhibition of lipid metabolism exerts antitumor effects on rhabdomyosarcoma. Cancer Med 2021; 10:6442-6455. [PMID: 34472721 PMCID: PMC8446407 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma exhibits tumor-specific energy metabolic changes that include the Warburg effect. Since targeting cancer metabolism is a promising therapeutic approach, we examined the antitumor effects of suppressing lipid metabolism in rhabdomyosarcoma. We suppressed lipid metabolism in rhabdomyosarcoma cells in vitro by administering an inhibitor of malonyl-CoA decarboxylase, which increases malonyl-CoA and decreases fatty acid oxidation. Suppression of lipid metabolism in rhabdomyosarcoma cells decreased cell proliferation by inducing cell cycle arrest. Metabolomic analysis showed an increase in glycolysis and inactivation of the pentose phosphate pathway. Immunoblotting analysis revealed upregulated expression of the autophagy marker LC3A/B-II due to increased phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase, a nutrient sensor. p21 protein expression level also increased. Inhibition of both lipid metabolism and autophagy suppressed tumor proliferation and increased apoptosis. In vivo studies involved injection of human Rh30 cells into the gastrocnemius muscle of 6-week-old female nude mice, which were divided into normal chow and low-fat diet groups. The mice fed a low-fat diet for 21 days showed reduced tumor growth compared to normal chow diet-fed mice. Suppression of lipid metabolism disrupted the equilibrium of the cancer-specific metabolism in rhabdomyosarcoma, resulting in a tumor growth-inhibition effect. Therefore, the development of treatments focusing on the lipid dependence of rhabdomyosarcoma is highly promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Miyagaki
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ken Kikuchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Uji Takeda Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Jun Mori
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Gary D Lopaschuk
- Department of Pediatrics, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Tomoko Iehara
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hajime Hosoi
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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11
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Taniguchi K, Uchiyama K, Akao Y. PTBP1-targeting microRNAs regulate cancer-specific energy metabolism through the modulation of PKM1/M2 splicing. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:41-50. [PMID: 33070451 PMCID: PMC7780020 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding of the microRNAs (miRNAs) regulatory system has become indispensable for physiological/oncological research. Tissue and organ specificities are key features of miRNAs that should be accounted for in cancer research. Further, cancer-specific energy metabolism, referred to as the Warburg effect, has been positioned as a key cancer feature. Enhancement of the glycolysis pathway in cancer cells is what primarily characterizes the Warburg effect. Pyruvate kinase M1/2 (PKM1/2) are key molecules of the complex glycolytic system; their distribution is organ-specific. In fact, PKM2 overexpression has been detected in various cancer cells. PKM isoforms are generated by alternative splicing by heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins. In addition, polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 (PTBP1) is essential for the production of PKM2 in cancer cells. Recently, several studies focusing on non-coding RNA elucidated PTBP1 or PKM2 regulatory mechanisms, including control by miRNAs, and their association with cancer. In this review, we discuss the strong relationship between the organ-specific distribution of miRNAs and the expression of PKM in the context of PTBP1 gene regulation. Moreover, we focus on the impact of PTBP1-targeting miRNA dysregulation on the Warburg effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Taniguchi
- Department of General and Gastroenterological SurgeryOsaka Medical CollegeOsakaJapan
- Translational Research ProgramOsaka Medical CollegeOsakaJapan
| | - Kazuhisa Uchiyama
- Department of General and Gastroenterological SurgeryOsaka Medical CollegeOsakaJapan
| | - Yukihiro Akao
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information SciencesGifu UniversityGifuJapan
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12
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Sugito N, Heishima K, Ito Y, Akao Y. Synthetic MIR143-3p Suppresses Cell Growth in Rhabdomyosarcoma Cells by Interrupting RAS Pathways Including PAX3-FOXO1. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113312. [PMID: 33182548 PMCID: PMC7696565 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a soft tissue sarcoma with embryonal (ERMS) and alveoral (ARMS) features, most frequently found in children. ARMS has the worse prognosis due to the formation of the chimeric PAX3–FOXO1 gene. New therapies are needed for the treatment of ARMS. The aim of this study is to evaluate the anticancer effect of chemically-modified MIR143-3p#12 (CM-MIR143#12) on RMS. The ectopic expression of CM-MIR143#12 induced a cell growth suppression by silencing not only KRAS, AKT, and ERK but also the PAX3–FOXO1 chimeric gene, and KRAS networks could control the expression of chimeric PAX3–FOXO1 in ARMS cells. Moreover, CM-MIR143#12 also silenced NRAS mutant in ERMS RD cells. CM-MIR143#12 can be a new nucleic acid medicine for the treatment of RMS by impairing the RAS networks including PAX3–FOXO1. Abstract Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a soft tissue sarcoma most frequently found in children. In RMS, there are two major subtypes, embryonal RMS (ERMS) and alveolar RMS (ARMS). ARMS has the worse prognosis of the two owing to the formation of the chimeric PAX3–FOXO1 gene. A novel therapeutic method is required for treating ARMS. In our previous study, we found that the ectopic expression of chemically modified MIR143-3p#12 (CM-MIR143#12), which is RNase-resistant and shows the highest anti-proliferation activity among the synthesized MIR143 derivatives that were tested, induces significant cell growth suppression by targeting KRAS, AKT, and ERK in colorectal cancer cells. The expression of MIR143-3p in RMS was dramatically downregulated compared with that of normal tissue. Ectopic expression of CM-MIR143#12 in RMS cells resulted in a significant growth inhibitory effect through the induction of apoptosis and autophagy. Interestingly, we found that CM-MIR143#12 also silenced the expression of chimeric PAX3–FOXO1 directly and, using siR-KRAS or siR-AKT, that KRAS networks regulated the expression of PAX3–FOXO1 in ARMS cells. In ERMS harboring NRAS mutation, CM-MIR143#12 silenced mutated NRAS. These findings indicate that CM-MIR143#12 efficiently perturbed the RAS signaling pathway, including the ARMS-specific KRAS/PAX3–FOXO1 networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiko Sugito
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; (N.S.); (K.H.)
| | - Kazuki Heishima
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; (N.S.); (K.H.)
| | - Yuko Ito
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Division of Life Sciences, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan;
| | - Yukihiro Akao
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; (N.S.); (K.H.)
- Correspondence:
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13
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Rama AR, Perazzoli G, Cabeza L, Mesas C, Quiñonero F, García-Pinel B, Vélez C. Novel MicroRNA Sponges to Specifically Modulate Gene Expression in Colon Cancer Cells. Nucleic Acid Ther 2020; 30:325-334. [PMID: 32429773 DOI: 10.1089/nat.2020.0861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA) sponges allow the selective blockade of a complete family of associated miRNAs, which induce post-transcriptional gene silencing in their target through binding to 3'UTR mRNA. miRNA-365 and miRNA-145 are downregulated in colorectal cancer (CRC) but not in healthy tissues. Based on this, we constructed two vectors by inserting miRNA sponges (one for miRNA-365 and other for miRNA-145), and used enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) as a 3'UTR reporter gene to analyze the ability of each sponge to catch its respective miRNA. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) results corroborated that the expression levels of both miRNAs were lower in CRC cell lines than in normal colon cell lines. Flow cytometry analysis revealed a decrease of the EGFP expression levels in the cell lines transfected with both sponges, being higher on the normal cell line while CRC cell lines presented a minimal decline. Also, this decrease was inversely proportional to the levels of expression of both miRNAs obtained by qPCR. These results were corroborated by fluorescence microscopy, showing a similar decrease in fluorescence. We propose a new vector system to carry in a specific way the expression of genes to CRC cells without affecting healthy cells, preventing damage to healthy tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana R Rama
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Institute of Biosanitary Research from Granada (ibs. GRANADA), Granada, Spain.,Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Gloria Perazzoli
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Institute of Biosanitary Research from Granada (ibs. GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Laura Cabeza
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Institute of Biosanitary Research from Granada (ibs. GRANADA), Granada, Spain.,Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Cristina Mesas
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Institute of Biosanitary Research from Granada (ibs. GRANADA), Granada, Spain.,Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco Quiñonero
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Institute of Biosanitary Research from Granada (ibs. GRANADA), Granada, Spain.,Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Beatriz García-Pinel
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Institute of Biosanitary Research from Granada (ibs. GRANADA), Granada, Spain.,Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Celia Vélez
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Institute of Biosanitary Research from Granada (ibs. GRANADA), Granada, Spain.,Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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14
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Zhu W, Zhou BL, Rong LJ, Ye L, Xu HJ, Zhou Y, Yan XJ, Liu WD, Zhu B, Wang L, Jiang XJ, Ren CP. Roles of PTBP1 in alternative splicing, glycolysis, and oncogensis. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2020; 21:122-136. [PMID: 32115910 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1900422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 (PTBP1) plays an essential role in splicing and is expressed in almost all cell types in humans, unlike the other proteins of the PTBP family. PTBP1 mediates several cellular processes in certain types of cells, including the growth and differentiation of neuronal cells and activation of immune cells. Its function is regulated by various molecules, including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and RNA-binding proteins. PTBP1 plays roles in various diseases, particularly in some cancers, including colorectal cancer, renal cell cancer, breast cancer, and glioma. In cancers, it acts mainly as a regulator of glycolysis, apoptosis, proliferation, tumorigenesis, invasion, and migration. The role of PTBP1 in cancer has become a popular research topic in recent years, and this research has contributed greatly to the formulation of a useful therapeutic strategy for cancer. In this review, we summarize recent findings related to PTBP1 and discuss how it regulates the development of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis (Central South University) and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Bo-Lun Zhou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis (Central South University) and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Li-Juan Rong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis (Central South University) and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Li Ye
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis (Central South University) and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Hong-Juan Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis (Central South University) and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Yao Zhou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis (Central South University) and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Xue-Jun Yan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis (Central South University) and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Wei-Dong Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis (Central South University) and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Bin Zhu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis (Central South University) and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Lei Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis (Central South University) and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Xing-Jun Jiang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis (Central South University) and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Cai-Ping Ren
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis (Central South University) and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
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15
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Viera GM, Salomao KB, de Sousa GR, Baroni M, Delsin LEA, Pezuk JA, Brassesco MS. miRNA signatures in childhood sarcomas and their clinical implications. Clin Transl Oncol 2019; 21:1583-1623. [PMID: 30949930 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-019-02104-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Progresses in multimodal treatments have significantly improved the outcomes for childhood cancer. Nonetheless, for about one-third of patients with Ewing sarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, or osteosarcoma steady remission has remained intangible. Thus, new biomarkers to improve early diagnosis and the development of precision-targeted medicine remain imperative. Over the last decade, remarkable progress has been made in the basic understanding of miRNAs function and in interpreting the contribution of their dysregulation to cancer development and progression. On this basis, this review focuses on what has been learned about the pivotal roles of miRNAs in the regulation of key genes implicated in childhood sarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- G M Viera
- Ribeirao Preto School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brasil
| | - K B Salomao
- Ribeirao Preto School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brasil
| | - G R de Sousa
- Ribeirao Preto School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brasil
| | - M Baroni
- Ribeirao Preto School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brasil
| | - L E A Delsin
- Ribeirao Preto School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brasil
| | - J A Pezuk
- Anhanguera University of Sao Paulo, UNIAN/SP, Sao Paulo, Brasil
| | - M S Brassesco
- Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brasil.
- Departamento de Biologia, FFCLRP-USP, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Bairro Monte Alegre, Ribeirao Preto, SP, CEP 14040-901, Brazil.
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16
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Jiang D, Zhang Y, Yang L, Lu W, Mai L, Guo H, Liu X. Retracted
: Long noncoding RNA HCG22 suppresses proliferation and metastasis of bladder cancer cells by regulation of PTBP1. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:1711-1722. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Jiang
- Department of Urology The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University Zhuhai China
| | - Yongyu Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University Zhuhai China
| | - Lewei Yang
- Department of Radiotherapy for Abdominal Neoplasms The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University Zhuhai China
| | - Wuzhu Lu
- Department of Ultrasound The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University Zhuhai China
| | - Lei Mai
- Department of Gastroenterology The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University Zhuhai China
| | - Huixue Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University Zhuhai China
| | - Xialei Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University Zhuhai China
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17
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Xie R, Chen X, Chen Z, Huang M, Dong W, Gu P, Zhang J, Zhou Q, Dong W, Han J, Wang X, Li H, Huang J, Lin T. Polypyrimidine tract binding protein 1 promotes lymphatic metastasis and proliferation of bladder cancer via alternative splicing of MEIS2 and PKM. Cancer Lett 2019; 449:31-44. [PMID: 30742945 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Lymph node (LN) metastasis is the leading cause of bladder cancer-related mortality. Splicing factors facilitate cancer progression by modulating oncogenic variants, but it is unclear whether and how splicing factors regulate bladder cancer LN metastasis. In this study, Polypyrimidine tract binding protein 1 (PTBP1) expression was found to relate to bladder cancer LN metastasis, and was positively correlated with LN metastasis status, tumor stage, histological grade, and poor patient prognosis. Functional assays demonstrated that PTBP1 promoted bladder cancer cell migration, invasion, and proliferation in vitro, as well as LN metastasis and tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistic investigations revealed that PTBP1 upregulated MEIS2-L variant to promote metastasis and increased expression of PKM2 variant to enhance proliferation by modulating alternative mRNA splicing. Moreover, overexpression of MEIS2-L or PKM2 could rescue the oncogenic abilities of bladder cancer cells and the expression of MMP9 or CCND1 respectively after PTBP1 knockdown. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that PTBP1 induces bladder cancer LN metastasis and proliferation through an alternative splicing mechanism. PTBP1 may serve as a novel prognostic marker and therapeutic target for LN-metastatic bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihui Xie
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Ziyue Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Huang
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen Dong
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Gu
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingtong Zhang
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianghua Zhou
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Dong
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinli Han
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xisheng Wang
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Tianxin Lin
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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18
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SRSF3, a Splicer of the PKM Gene, Regulates Cell Growth and Maintenance of Cancer-Specific Energy Metabolism in Colon Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19103012. [PMID: 30279379 PMCID: PMC6213643 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Serine and arginine rich splicing factor 3 (SRSF3), an SR-rich family protein, has an oncogenic function in various kinds of cancer. However, the detailed mechanism of the function had not been previously clarified. Here, we showed that the SRSF3 splicer regulated the expression profile of the pyruvate kinase, which is one of the rate-limiting enzymes in glycolysis. Most cancer cells express pyruvate kinase muscle 2 (PKM2) dominantly to maintain a glycolysis-dominant energy metabolism. Overexpression of SRSF3, as well as that of another splicer, polypyrimidine tract binding protein 1 (PTBP1) and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNPA1), in clinical cancer samples supported the notion that these proteins decreased the Pyruvate kinase muscle 1 (PKM1)/PKM2 ratio, which positively contributed to a glycolysis-dominant metabolism. The silencing of SRSF3 in human colon cancer cells induced a marked growth inhibition in both in vitro and in vivo experiments and caused an increase in the PKM1/PKM2 ratio, thus resulting in a metabolic shift from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation. At the same time, the silenced cells were induced to undergo autophagy. SRSF3 contributed to PKM mRNA splicing by co-operating with PTBP1 and hnRNPA1, which was validated by the results of RNP immunoprecipitation (RIP) and immunoprecipitation (IP) experiments. These findings altogether indicated that SRSF3 as a PKM splicer played a positive role in cancer-specific energy metabolism.
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Taniguchi K, Sugito N, Shinohara H, Kuranaga Y, Inomata Y, Komura K, Uchiyama K, Akao Y. Organ-Specific MicroRNAs ( MIR122, 137, and 206) Contribute to Tissue Characteristics and Carcinogenesis by Regulating Pyruvate Kinase M1/2 ( PKM) Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E1276. [PMID: 29695138 PMCID: PMC5983799 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyruvate kinase is known as the glycolytic enzyme catalyzing the final step in glycolysis. In mammals, two different forms of it exist, i.e., pyruvate kinase M1/2 (PKM) and pyruvate kinase L/R (PKLR). Also, PKM has two isoforms, i.e., PKM1 and PKM2. These genes have tissue-specific distribution. Namely, PKM1 is distributed in high-energy-demanding organs, such as brain and muscle. Also, PKM2 is distributed in various other organs, such as the colon. On the other hand, PKLR is distributed in liver and red blood cells (RBCs). Interestingly, PKM2 has been recognized as one of the essential genes for the cancer-specific energy metabolism termed the “Warburg effect”. However, the mechanism(s) underlying this fact have remained largely unclear. Recently, we found that some organ-specific microRNAs (miRNAs, MIR) regulate PKM isoform expression through direct targeting of polypyrimidine tract binding protein 1 (PTBP1), which is the splicer responsible for PKM2-dominant expression. In this study, we examined whether this machinery was conserved in the case of other PTBP1- and PKM-targeting miRNAs. We focused on the MIRs 122, 137, and 206, and investigated the expression profiles of each of these miRNAs in tissues from mouse and human organs. Also, we examined the regulatory mechanisms of PKM isoform expression by testing each of these miRNAs in human cancer cell lines. Presently, we found that brain-specific MIR137 and muscle-specific MIR206 predominantly induced PKM1 expression through direct targeting of PTBP1. Also, liver-specific MIR122 suppressed the expression of both PKM1 and PKM2, which action occurred through direct targeting of PKM to enable the expression of PKLR. Moreover, the expression levels of these miRNAs were downregulated in cancer cells that had originated from these tissues, resulting in PKM2 dominance. Our results suggest that the organ-specific distribution of miRNAs is one of the principal means by which miRNA establishes characteristics of a tissue and that dysregulation of these miRNAs results in cancer development through a change in the ratio of PKM isoform expression. Also, our results contribute to cancer diagnosis and will be useful for cancer-specific therapy for the Warburg effect in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Taniguchi
- Department of General and Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-Machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
- Translational Research Program, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-Machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
| | - Nobuhiko Sugito
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
| | - Haruka Shinohara
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
| | - Yuki Kuranaga
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
| | - Yosuke Inomata
- Department of General and Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-Machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
| | - Kazumasa Komura
- Translational Research Program, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-Machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
| | - Kazuhisa Uchiyama
- Department of General and Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-Machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
| | - Yukihiro Akao
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
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