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Treble-Barna A, Heinsberg LW, Puccio AM, Shaffer JR, Okonkwo DO, Beers SR, Weeks DE, Conley YP. Acute Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor DNA Methylation Trajectories in Cerebrospinal Fluid and Associations With Outcomes Following Severe Traumatic Brain Injury in Adults. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2021; 35:790-800. [PMID: 34167372 DOI: 10.1177/15459683211028245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Background. Epigenetic biomarkers have the potential to explain outcome heterogeneity following traumatic brain injury (TBI) but are largely unexplored. Objective. This exploratory pilot study characterized brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) DNA methylation trajectories following severe TBI. Methods. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor DNA methylation trajectories in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) over the first 5 days following severe TBI in 112 adults were examined in association with 3- and 12-month outcomes. Results. Group-based trajectory analysis revealed low and high DNA methylation groups at two BDNF cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) targets that showed suggestive associations (P < .05) with outcomes. Membership in the high DNA methylation groups was associated with better outcomes after controlling for age, sex, and injury severity. Associations of age × trajectory group interactions with outcomes at a third CpG site revealed a pattern of the same or better outcomes with higher ages in the high DNA methylation group and worse outcomes with higher ages in the low DNA methylation group. Conclusions. Although no observed associations met the empirical significance threshold after correcting for multiple comparisons, suggestive associations of the main effect models were consistent in their direction of effect and were observed across two CpG sites and two outcome time points. Results suggest that higher acute CSF BDNF DNA methylation may promote recovery following severe TBI in adults, and this effect may be more robust with higher age. While the results require replication in larger and racially diverse independent samples, BDNF DNA methylation may serve as an early postinjury biomarker helping to explain outcome heterogeneity following TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amery Treble-Barna
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 12317University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lacey W Heinsberg
- Department of Human Genetics, 51303University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Division of Internal Medicine, 12317University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ava M Puccio
- Department of Neurological Surgery, 12317University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - John R Shaffer
- Department of Human Genetics, 51303University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - David O Okonkwo
- Department of Neurological Surgery, 12317University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sue R Beers
- Department of Psychiatry, 12317University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Daniel E Weeks
- Department of Human Genetics, 51303University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, 12317University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yvette P Conley
- Department of Human Genetics, 51303University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Health Promotion and Development, University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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2
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Abdolmohammadi B, Dupre A, Evers L, Mez J. Genetics of Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy. Semin Neurol 2020; 40:420-429. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1713631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAlthough chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) garners substantial attention in the media and there have been marked scientific advances in the last few years, much remains unclear about the role of genetic risk in CTE. Two athletes with comparable contact-sport exposure may have varying amounts of CTE neuropathology, suggesting that other factors, including genetics, may contribute to CTE risk and severity. In this review, we explore reasons why genetics may be important for CTE, concepts in genetic study design for CTE (including choosing controls, endophenotypes, gene by environment interaction, and epigenetics), implicated genes in CTE (including APOE, MAPT, and TMEM106B), and whether predictive genetic testing for CTE should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bobak Abdolmohammadi
- Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Boston University Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Alicia Dupre
- Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Boston University Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Laney Evers
- Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Boston University Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Jesse Mez
- Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Boston University Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
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3
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Zeiler FA, McFadyen C, Newcombe VFJ, Synnot A, Donoghue EL, Ripatti S, Steyerberg EW, Gruen RL, McAllister TW, Rosand J, Palotie A, Maas AIR, Menon DK. Genetic Influences on Patient-Oriented Outcomes in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Living Systematic Review of Non-Apolipoprotein E Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms. J Neurotrauma 2019; 38:1107-1123. [PMID: 29799308 PMCID: PMC8054522 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2017.5583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a growing literature on the impact of genetic variation on outcome in traumatic brain injury (TBI). Whereas a substantial proportion of these publications have focused on the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene, several have explored the influence of other polymorphisms. We undertook a systematic review of the impact of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in non–apolipoprotein E (non-APOE) genes associated with patient outcomes in adult TBI). We searched EMBASE, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and gray literature from inception to the beginning of August 2017 for studies of genetic variance in relation to patient outcomes in adult TBI. Sixty-eight articles were deemed eligible for inclusion into the systematic review. The SNPs described were in the following categories: neurotransmitter (NT) in 23, cytokine in nine, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in 12, mitochondrial genes in three, and miscellaneous SNPs in 21. All studies were based on small patient cohorts and suffered from potential bias. A range of SNPs associated with genes coding for monoamine NTs, BDNF, cytokines, and mitochondrial proteins have been reported to be associated with variation in global, neuropsychiatric, and behavioral outcomes. An analysis of the tissue, cellular, and subcellular location of the genes that harbored the SNPs studied showed that they could be clustered into blood–brain barrier associated, neuroprotective/regulatory, and neuropsychiatric/degenerative groups. Several small studies report that various NT, cytokine, and BDNF-related SNPs are associated with variations in global outcome at 6–12 months post-TBI. The association of these SNPs with neuropsychiatric and behavioral outcomes is less clear. A definitive assessment of role and effect size of genetic variation in these genes on outcome remains uncertain, but could be clarified by an adequately powered genome-wide association study with appropriate recording of outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederick A Zeiler
- Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.,Clinician Investigator Program, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Charles McFadyen
- Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Anneliese Synnot
- Centre for Excellence in Traumatic Brain Injury Research, National Trauma Research Institute, Monash University, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia and Cochrane Consumers and Communication Review Group, Centre for Health Communication and Participation, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Emma L Donoghue
- Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine and Cochrane Australia, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Samuli Ripatti
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM) and Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ewout W Steyerberg
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands and Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Russel L Gruen
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia and Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Thomas W McAllister
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Jonathan Rosand
- Division of Neurocritical Care and Emergency Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, and Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Aarno Palotie
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Andrew I R Maas
- Department of Neurosurgery, Antwerp University Hospital and University of Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
| | - David K Menon
- Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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4
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Jha RM, Desai SM, Zusman BE, Koleck TA, Puccio AM, Okonkwo DO, Park SY, Shutter LA, Kochanek PM, Conley YP. Downstream TRPM4 Polymorphisms Are Associated with Intracranial Hypertension and Statistically Interact with ABCC8 Polymorphisms in a Prospective Cohort of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury. J Neurotrauma 2019; 36:1804-1817. [PMID: 30484364 PMCID: PMC6551973 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2018.6124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Sulfonylurea-receptor-1(SUR1) and its associated transient-receptor-potential cation channel subfamily-M (TRPM4) channel are key contributors to cerebral edema and intracranial hypertension in traumatic brain injury (TBI) and other neurological disorders. Channel inhibition by glyburide is clinically promising. ABCC8 (encoding SUR1) single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are reported as predictors of raised intracranial pressure (ICP). This project evaluated whether TRPM4 SNPs predicted ICP and TBI outcome. DNA was extracted from 435 consecutively enrolled severe TBI patients. Without a priori selection, all 11 TRPM4 SNPs available on the multiplex platform (Illumina:Human-Core-Exome v1.0) were genotyped spanning the 25 exon gene. A total of 385 patients were analyzed after quality control. Outcomes included ICP and 6 month Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) score. Proxy SNPs, spatial modeling, and functional predictions were determined using established software programs. rs8104571 (intron-20) and rs150391806 (exon-24) were predictors of ICP. rs8104571 heterozygotes predicted higher average ICP (β = 10.3 mm Hg, p = 0.00000029), peak ICP (β = 19.6 mm Hg, p = 0.0007), and proportion ICP >25 mm Hg (β = 0.16 p = 0.004). rs150391806 heterozygotes had higher mean (β = 7.2 mm Hg, p = 0.042) and peak (β = 28.9 mm Hg, p = 0.0015) ICPs. rs8104571, rs150391806, and 34 associated proxy SNPs in linkage-disequilibrium clustered downstream. This region encodes TRPM4's channel pore and a region postulated to juxtapose SUR1 sequences encoded by an ABCC8 DNA segment containing previously identified relevant SNPs. There was an interaction effect on ICP between rs8104571 and a cluster of predictive ABCC8 SNPs (rs2237982, rs2283261, rs11024286). Although not significant in univariable or a basic multivariable model, in an expanded model additionally accounting for injury pattern, computed tomographic (CT) appearance, and intracranial hypertension, heterozygous rs8104571 was associated with favorable 6 month GOS (odds ratio [OR] = 16.7, p = 0.007951). This trend persisted in a survivor-only subcohort (OR = 20.67, p = 0.0168). In this cohort, two TRPM4 SNPs predicted increased ICP with large effect sizes. Both clustered downstream, spanning a region encoding the channel pore and interacting with SUR1. If validated, this may guide risk stratification and eventually inform treatment-responder classification for SUR1-TRPM4 inhibition in TBI. Larger studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchira M. Jha
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Shashvat M. Desai
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Benjamin E. Zusman
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Ava M. Puccio
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - David O. Okonkwo
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Seo-Young Park
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Lori A. Shutter
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Patrick M. Kochanek
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Anesthesia, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Yvette P. Conley
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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5
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Osier ND, Conley YP, Okonkwo DO, Puccio AM. Variation in Candidate Traumatic Brain Injury Biomarker Genes Are Associated with Gross Neurological Outcomes after Severe Traumatic Brain Injury. J Neurotrauma 2018; 35:2684-2690. [PMID: 29969943 PMCID: PMC6238603 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2017.5268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of traumatic brain injury (TBI) are actively being pursued; potential candidates include glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP), S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B), and ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCHL1), two of which the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recently approved for marketing of blood tests for adult concussion. The relationship between biomarker-encoding genes and TBI outcomes remains unknown. This pilot study explores variation in 18 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in biomarker-encoding genes as predictors of neurological outcome in a population of adults with severe TBI. Participants (n = 305) were assessed using the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months post-injury. Multivariate logistical regression was used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and determine the odds of having a lower score on the GOS ( = 1-2 vs. 3-5) based on variant allele presence, while controlling for confounders. Possession of the variant allele of one S100B SNP (rs1051169) was associated with higher scores on the GOS at 3 months (OR = 0.39; p = 0.04), 6 months (OR = 0.34; p = 0.02), 12 months (OR = 0.32; p = 0.02), and 24 months (OR = 0.30; p = 0.02) post-severe TBI. The relationship among these polymorphisms, protein levels, and biomarker utility, merits examination. These findings represent a novel contribution to the evidence that can inform future studies aimed at enhancing interpretation of biomarker data, identifying novel biomarkers, and ultimately harnessing this information to improve clinical outcomes and personalize care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole D. Osier
- School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- School of Nursing Division of Holistic Adult Health and Dell Medical School Department of Neurology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - Yvette P. Conley
- School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Human Genetics University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - David O. Okonkwo
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Ava M. Puccio
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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6
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Jha RM, Koleck TA, Puccio AM, Okonkwo DO, Park SY, Zusman BE, Clark RSB, Shutter LA, Wallisch JS, Empey PE, Kochanek PM, Conley YP. Regionally clustered ABCC8 polymorphisms in a prospective cohort predict cerebral oedema and outcome in severe traumatic brain injury. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2018; 89:1152-1162. [PMID: 29674479 PMCID: PMC6181785 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2017-317741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE ABCC8 encodes sulfonylurea receptor 1, a key regulatory protein of cerebral oedema in many neurological disorders including traumatic brain injury (TBI). Sulfonylurea-receptor-1 inhibition has been promising in ameliorating cerebral oedema in clinical trials. We evaluated whether ABCC8 tag single-nucleotide polymorphisms predicted oedema and outcome in TBI. METHODS DNA was extracted from 485 prospectively enrolled patients with severe TBI. 410 were analysed after quality control. ABCC8 tag single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified (Hapmap, r2>0.8, minor-allele frequency >0.20) and sequenced (iPlex-Gold, MassArray). Outcomes included radiographic oedema, intracranial pressure (ICP) and 3-month Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) score. Proxy SNPs, spatial modelling, amino acid topology and functional predictions were determined using established software programs. RESULTS Wild-type rs7105832 and rs2237982 alleles and genotypes were associated with lower average ICP (β=-2.91, p=0.001; β=-2.28, p=0.003) and decreased radiographic oedema (OR 0.42, p=0.012; OR 0.52, p=0.017). Wild-type rs2237982 also increased favourable 3-month GOS (OR 2.45, p=0.006); this was partially mediated by oedema (p=0.03). Different polymorphisms predicted 3-month outcome: variant rs11024286 increased (OR 1.84, p=0.006) and wild-type rs4148622 decreased (OR 0.40, p=0.01) the odds of favourable outcome. Significant tag and concordant proxy SNPs regionally span introns/exons 2-15 of the 39-exon gene. CONCLUSIONS This study identifies four ABCC8 tag SNPs associated with cerebral oedema and/or outcome in TBI, tagging a region including 33 polymorphisms. In polymorphisms predictive of oedema, variant alleles/genotypes confer increased risk. Different variant polymorphisms were associated with favourable outcome, potentially suggesting distinct mechanisms. Significant polymorphisms spatially clustered flanking exons encoding the sulfonylurea receptor site and transmembrane domain 0/loop 0 (juxtaposing the channel pore/binding site). This, if validated, may help build a foundation for developing future strategies that may guide individualised care, treatment response, prognosis and patient selection for clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchira Menka Jha
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Clinical and Translational Science Institute, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Ava M Puccio
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David O Okonkwo
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Seo-Young Park
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Benjamin E Zusman
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Robert S B Clark
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Anesthesia, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lori A Shutter
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jessica S Wallisch
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Philip E Empey
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Patrick M Kochanek
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Clinical and Translational Science Institute, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Anesthesia, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yvette P Conley
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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7
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Maserati M, Alexander SA. Genetics and Genomics of Acute Neurologic Disorders. AACN Adv Crit Care 2018; 29:57-75. [PMID: 29496714 DOI: 10.4037/aacnacc2018566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Neurologic diseases and injuries are complex and multifactorial, making risk prediction, targeted treatment modalities, and outcome prognostication difficult and elusive. Genetics and genomics have affected clinical practice in many aspects in medicine, particularly cancer treatment. Advancements in knowledge of genetic and genomic variability in neurologic disease and injury are growing rapidly. Although these data are not yet ready for use in clinical practice, research continues to progress and elucidate information that eventually will provide answers to complex neurologic questions and serve as a platform to provide individualized care plans aimed at improving outcomes. This article provides a focused review of relevant literature on genetics, genomics, and common complex neurologic disease and injury likely to be seen in the acute care setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Maserati
- Megan Maserati is a PhD student at University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Sheila A. Alexander is Associate Professor, University of Pittsburgh, 336 Victoria Building, 3500 Victoria Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261
| | - Sheila A Alexander
- Megan Maserati is a PhD student at University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Sheila A. Alexander is Associate Professor, University of Pittsburgh, 336 Victoria Building, 3500 Victoria Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261
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8
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Xu G, Han X, Yuan G, An L, Du P. Screening for the protective effect target of deproteinized extract of calf blood and its mechanisms in mice with CCl4-induced acute liver injury. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180899. [PMID: 28700704 PMCID: PMC5507287 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver injury is a common pathological basis of various liver diseases, and long-term liver injury is often an important initiation factor leading to liver fibrosis and even liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It has been reported that deproteinized extract of calf blood (DECB) can inhibit the replication of hepatitis B virus and confers a protective effect on the liver after traumatic liver injury. However, few studies on the regulatory factors and mechanisms of DECB have been reported. In this current study, an acute mouse liver injury model was established with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). The differentially expressed genes and related cell signal transduction pathways were screened using mRNA expression microarray. STEM software V1.3.6 was used for clustering gene functions, and the DAVID and KEGG databases were applied for the analysis. A total of 1355 differentially expressed genes were selected, among which nine were validated by RT-qPCR. The results showed that the Fas, IL1b, Pik3r1, Pik3r5, Traf2, Traf2, Csf2rb2, Map3k14, Pik3cd and Ppp3cc genes were involved in the regulation of DECB in an acute mouse liver injury model. Targets of the protective effects of DECB and its related mechanisms were found in mice with acute liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride, which may provide an important theoretical basis for further DECB research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyu Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin, China
| | - Xiao Han
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin, China
| | - Guangxin Yuan
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin, China
| | - Liping An
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin, China
- * E-mail: (LA); (PD)
| | - Peige Du
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin, China
- * E-mail: (LA); (PD)
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9
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Iacono D, Shively SB, Edlow BL, Perl DP. Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy: Known Causes, Unknown Effects. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am 2017; 28:301-321. [PMID: 28390515 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmr.2016.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a neuropathologic diagnosis typically made in human brains with a history of repetitive traumatic brain injury (rTBI). It remains unknown whether CTE occurs exclusively after rTBI, or whether a single TBI (sTBI) can cause CTE. Similarly, it is unclear whether impact (eg, motor vehicle accidents) and non-impact (eg, blasts) types of energy transfer trigger divergent or common pathologies. While it is established that a history of rTBI increases the risk of multiple neurodegenerative diseases (eg, dementia, parkinsonism, and CTE), the possible pathophysiologic and molecular mechanisms underlying these risks have yet to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Iacono
- Brain Tissue Repository & Neuropathology Core, Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine (CNRM), Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS), 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine (HJF), 6720A Rockledge Dr #100, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Sharon B Shively
- Brain Tissue Repository & Neuropathology Core, Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine (CNRM), Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS), 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine (HJF), 6720A Rockledge Dr #100, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA; Department of Pathology, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS), 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Brian L Edlow
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 175 Cambridge Street - Suite 300, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Daniel P Perl
- Brain Tissue Repository & Neuropathology Core, Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine (CNRM), Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS), 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; Department of Pathology, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS), 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
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