1
|
Svirsky SE, Henchir J, Li Y, Carlson SW, Dixon CE. Temporal-Specific Sex and Injury-Dependent Changes on Neurogranin-Associated Synaptic Signaling After Controlled Cortical Impact in Rats. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:7256-7268. [PMID: 38376763 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04043-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Extensive effort has been made to study the role of synaptic deficits in cognitive impairment after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Neurogranin (Ng) is a calcium-sensitive calmodulin (CaM)-binding protein essential for Ca2+/CaM-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) autophosphorylation which subsequently modulates synaptic plasticity. Given the loss of Ng expression after injury, additional research is warranted to discern changes in hippocampal post-synaptic signaling after TBI. Under isoflurane anesthesia, adult, male and female Sprague-Dawley rats received a sham/control or controlled cortical impact (CCI) injury. Ipsilateral hippocampal synaptosomes were isolated at 24 h and 1, 2, and 4 weeks post-injury, and western blot was used to evaluate protein expression of Ng-associated signaling proteins. Non-parametric Mann-Whitney tests were used to determine significance of injury for each sex at each time point. There were significant changes in the hippocampal synaptic expression of Ng and associated synaptic proteins such as phosphorylated Ng, CaMKII, and CaM up to 4 weeks post-CCI, demonstrating TBI alters hippocampal post-synaptic signaling. This study furthers our understanding of mechanisms of cognitive dysfunction within the synapse sub-acutely after TBI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Svirsky
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 4401 Penn Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA
| | - Jeremy Henchir
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 4401 Penn Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA
| | - Youming Li
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 4401 Penn Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA
| | - Shaun W Carlson
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 4401 Penn Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA
| | - C Edward Dixon
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 4401 Penn Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA.
- V.A. Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rueda-García V, Rondón-Barragán IS. Molecular Characterization of Neurogranin (NRGN) Gene from Red‑Bellied Pacu (Piaractus brachypomus). Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:2620-2630. [PMID: 37922064 PMCID: PMC11043121 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03700-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2023]
Abstract
Neurogranin (NRGN) is a small brain protein expressed in various telencephalic areas and plays an essential role in synaptic plasticity by regulating the availability of calmodulin (CaM). The study aims to characterize the neurogranin gene in Colombian native fish, red-bellied pacu, Piaractus brachypomus, its basal tissue expression and differential expression in brain injury and sublethal toxicity by organophosphates. NRGN gene contains an open reading frame of 183 nucleotides encoding for 60 amino acids. Bioinformatics analysis showed an IQ motif necessary in the interaction with CaM. NRGN mRNA was detected in tissues with higher expression in brain, gills, and head kidney. In brain regions, NRGN showed high expression in the telencephalon (TE) and olfactory bulb (OB). In the sublethal toxicity experiment, NRGN mRNA was upregulated in individuals under organophosphate exposure in the OB and optic chiasm (OC). In brain injury experiment, NRGN showed upregulation at 14 days in OC and at 24 h and 7 days in TE. These findings demonstrate the differential expression of NRGN under different experimental conditions which make it a candidate for a biomarker in the brain of P. brachypomus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Rueda-García
- Research Group in Immunobiology and Pathogenesis, Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Universidad del Tolima, Building 33 L105, 730002, Ibagué, Tolima, Colombia
| | - Iang Schroniltgen Rondón-Barragán
- Research Group in Immunobiology and Pathogenesis, Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Universidad del Tolima, Building 33 L105, 730002, Ibagué, Tolima, Colombia.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Acosta CH, Clemons GA, Citadin CT, Carr WC, Udo MSB, Tesic V, Sanicola HW, Freelin AH, Toms JB, Jordan JD, Guthikonda B, Wu CYC, Lee RHC, Lin HW. A role for protein arginine methyltransferase 7 in repetitive and mild traumatic brain injury. Neurochem Int 2023; 166:105524. [PMID: 37030326 PMCID: PMC10988608 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2023.105524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Mild traumatic brain injury affects the largest proportion of individuals in the United States and world-wide. Pre-clinical studies of repetitive and mild traumatic brain injury (rmTBI) have been limited in their ability to recapitulate human pathology (i.e. diffuse rotational injury). We used the closed-head impact model of engineered rotation acceleration (CHIMERA) to simulate rotational injury observed in patients and to study the pathological outcomes post-rmTBI using C57BL/6J mice. Enhanced cytokine production was observed in both the cortex and hippocampus to suggest neuroinflammation. Furthermore, microglia were assessed via enhanced iba1 protein levels and morphological changes using immunofluorescence. In addition, LC/MS analyses revealed excess glutamate production, as well as diffuse axonal injury via Bielschowsky's silver stain kit. Moreover, the heterogeneous nature of rmTBI has made it challenging to identify drug therapies that address rmTBI, therefore we sought to identify novel targets in the concurrent rmTBI pathology. The pathophysiological findings correlated with a time-dependent decrease in protein arginine methyltransferase 7 (PRMT7) protein expression and activity post-rmTBI along with dysregulation of PRMT upstream mediators s-adenosylmethionine and methionine adenosyltransferase 2 (MAT2) in vivo. In addition, inhibition of the upstream mediator MAT2A using the HT22 hippocampal neuronal cell line suggest a mechanistic role for PRMT7 via MAT2A in vitro. Collectively, we have identified PRMT7 as a novel target in rmTBI pathology in vivo and a mechanistic link between PRMT7 and upstream mediator MAT2A in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina H Acosta
- Department of Cellular Biology & Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Garrett A Clemons
- Department of Cellular Biology & Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Cristiane T Citadin
- Department of Cellular Biology & Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - William C Carr
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | | | - Vesna Tesic
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Henry W Sanicola
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Anne H Freelin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Jamie B Toms
- Department of Neurosurgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - J Dedrick Jordan
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Bharat Guthikonda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Celeste Yin-Chieh Wu
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Reggie Hui-Chao Lee
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Hung Wen Lin
- Department of Cellular Biology & Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA; Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kuşdoğan M, Vural S, Albayrak L, Çaltekin İ, Gökçen E. The diagnostic and prognostic value of serum neurogranin in acute ischemic stroke. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2023; 32:106889. [PMID: 36481578 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2022.106889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Stroke is a frequently encountered life-threatening medical condition in emergency departments (EDs). Despite all worldwide efforts, a reliable circulating biomarker has not been identified yet. This study investigates the diagnostic and prognostic value of neurogranin (Ng) in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). METHODS This prospective case-control study was conducted on ED patients with AIS and healthy volunteers. We collected the basic demographics, measured serum Ng levels of the patients vs. controls, and followed up the patient group for 6-month by phone or clinical notes to assess the functional outcomes. RESULTS Data analysis was completed with 142 subjects (86 patients vs. 55 controls). The groups did not differ in terms of age and gender. The median serum Ng level of the patient group was significantly higher compared to the control group [160.00 (75.93) vs. 121.26 (90.35) ng/mL and p ˂ 0.001, respectively]. Serum Ng level of 25 patients admitted to the ED within the first 6 hours from the onset of AIS was 177.93 (24.03) ng/mL, while serum Ng level of 61 patients admitted to the ED within 6-24 hours was 131.84 (76.44) ng/mL. AUROC results were 0.717 vs. 0.868 vs. 0.874 for stroke patients admitted during the first 24 hours, 6 hours, and 4.5 hours after the onset, respectively. Lesion volume, NIHSS, and modified Rankin Scale scores (mRS) at admission showed no significant correlation with Ng levels as well as 6-month mortality and 6-month mRS. CONCLUSIONS Timely AIS diagnosis is still a challenge for emergency departments due to the dependency on imaging. Serum Ng can be a promising diagnostic biomarker for AIS patients admitted in the first 24 hours. Even it outperformed in the first 4.5 and 6-hour time windows. However, it did not show a significant prognostic value.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mikail Kuşdoğan
- Yozgat Bozok University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Sevilay Vural
- Yozgat Bozok University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Yozgat, Turkey; University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Emergency Medicine, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Levent Albayrak
- Yozgat Bozok University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - İbrahim Çaltekin
- Yozgat Bozok University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Emre Gökçen
- Yozgat Bozok University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Yozgat, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Fronczak KM, Roberts A, Svirsky S, Parry M, Holets E, Henchir J, Dixon CE, Carlson SW. Assessment of behavioral, neuroinflammatory, and histological responses in a model of rat repetitive mild fluid percussion injury at 2 weeks post-injury. Front Neurol 2022; 13:945735. [PMID: 36341117 PMCID: PMC9630846 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.945735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Repetitive mild traumatic brain injury (rmTBI) is a prominent public health concern, with linkage to debilitating chronic sequelae. Developing reliable and well-characterized preclinical models of rmTBI is imperative in the investigation of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, as models can have varying parameters, affecting the overall pathology of the resulting injury. The lateral fluid percussion injury (FPI) model is a reliable and frequently used method of TBI replication in rodent subjects, though it is currently relatively underutilized in rmTBI research. In this study, we have performed a novel description of a variation of the lateral repetitive mild FPI (rmFPI) model, showing the graded acute behavioral impairment and histopathology occurring in response to one, two or four mild FPI (1.25 atm) or sham surgeries, implemented 24h apart. Beam walking performance revealed significant motor impairment in injured animals, with dysfunction increasing with additional injury. Based upon behavioral responses and histological observations, we further investigated the subacute pathophysiological outcomes of the dual FPI (dFPI). Immunoreactivity assessments showed that dFPI led to regionally-specific reductions in the post-synaptic protein neurogranin and increased subcortical white matter staining of the presynaptic protein synaptophysin at 2 weeks following dFPI. Immunohistochemical assessments of the microglial marker Iba-1 showed a striking increase in in several brain regions, and assessment of the astrocytic marker GFAP showed significantly increased immunoreactivity in the subcortical white matter and thalamus. With this study, we have provided a novel account of the subacute post injury outcomes occurring in response to a rmFPI utilizing these injury and frequency parameters, and thereby also demonstrating the reliability of the lateral FPI model in rmTBI replication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Roberts
- Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Sarah Svirsky
- Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Madison Parry
- Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Erik Holets
- Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Jeremy Henchir
- Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - C. Edward Dixon
- Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Shaun W. Carlson
- Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Shang Y, Wang Y, Guo Y, Ren L, Zhang X, Wang S, Zhang C, Cai J. Analysis of the risk of traumatic brain injury and evaluation neurogranin and myelin basic protein as potential biomarkers of traumatic brain injury in postmortem examination. Forensic Sci Med Pathol 2022; 18:288-298. [PMID: 35201602 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-022-00459-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In forensic pathology, traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a frequently encountered cause of death. Unfortunately, the statistic autopsy data, risk investigation about injury patterns, and circumstances of TBI are still sparse. Estimates of survival time post-TBI and postmortem diagnosis of TBI are especially important implications in forensic medicine. Neurogranin (Ng) and myelin basic protein (MBP) represent potential biomarkers of TBI. The present study analyzed retrospectively the forensic autopsy records of TBI cases at a university center of medico-legal investigation from 2008 to 2020. Immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were used to investigate the expression changes of Ng and MBP in the cortical brain injury adjacent tissues and serum, respectively, from cases of TBI at autopsy with different survival times post-TBI. The results show that the major mechanism of death of TBI is assault, and accident was the major manner of death. Ng and MBP are mainly expressed in the cortical nerve cells and the myelin sheath, respectively. The serum levels of Ng and MBP in each TBI group were higher compared with those in the controls. The brain cortical levels of Ng and MBP decreased at first and then steadily increased with extended survival time post-TBI. The immunopositive ratios and serum concentration of Ng and MBP have shown significant differences among control group and all TBI group (p < 0.001). Collectively, the immunohistochemical analyses of Ng and MBP in human brain tissues may be useful to determine the survival time after TBI, and Ng and MBP level in the human blood specimens could be considered as a postmortem diagnostic tools of TBI in forensic practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanjie Shang
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yuxin Wang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yadong Guo
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Lipin Ren
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Xiangyan Zhang
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Shujuan Wang
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Changquan Zhang
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
| | - Jifeng Cai
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Svirsky SE, Ranellone NS, Parry M, Holets E, Henchir J, Li Y, Carlson SW, Edward Dixon C. All-trans Retinoic Acid has Limited Therapeutic Effects on Cognition and Hippocampal Protein Expression After Controlled Cortical Impact. Neuroscience 2022; 499:130-141. [PMID: 35878718 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is known to impair synaptic function, and subsequently contribute to observed cognitive deficits. Retinoic Acid (RA) signaling modulates expression of synaptic plasticity proteins and is involved in hippocampal learning and memory. All trans-retinoic acid (ATRA), a metabolite of Vitamin A, has been identified as a potential pharmacotherapeutic for other neurological disorders due to this role. This study conducted an ATRA dose response to determine its therapeutic effects on cognitive behaviors and expression of hippocampal markers of synaptic plasticity and RA signaling proteins after experimental TBI. Under isoflurane anesthesia, adult male Sprague Dawley rats received either controlled cortical impact (CCI, 2.5 mm deformation, 4 m/s) or control surgery. Animals received daily intraperitoneal injection of 0.5, 1, 5, or 10 mg/kg of ATRA or vehicle for 2 weeks. Animals underwent motor and spatial learning and memory testing. Hippocampal expression of synaptic plasticity proteins neurogranin (Ng), and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor GluA1 sub-unit, as well as RA signaling proteins STRA6, ADLH1a1, CYP26A1 and CYP26B1 were evaluated by western blot at 2-weeks post-injury. ATRA treatment significantly recovered Ng synaptic protein expression, while having no effect on motor performance, spatial learning, and memory, and GluA1 expression after TBI. RA signaling protein expression is unchanged 2 weeks after TBI. Overall, ATRA administration after TBI showed limited therapeutic benefits compared to the vehicle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Svirsky
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Nicholas S Ranellone
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Madison Parry
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Erik Holets
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Jeremy Henchir
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Youming Li
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Shaun W Carlson
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - C Edward Dixon
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; V.A. Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Williams HC, Carlson SW, Saatman KE. A role for insulin-like growth factor-1 in hippocampal plasticity following traumatic brain injury. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2022; 118:423-455. [PMID: 35180936 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2021.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) initiates a constellation of secondary injury cascades, leading to neuronal damage and dysfunction that is often beyond the scope of endogenous repair mechanisms. Cognitive deficits are among the most persistent morbidities resulting from TBI, necessitating a greater understanding of mechanisms of posttraumatic hippocampal damage and neuroplasticity and identification of therapies that improve recovery by enhancing repair pathways. Focusing here on hippocampal neuropathology associated with contusion-type TBIs, the impact of brain trauma on synaptic structure and function and the process of adult neurogenesis is discussed, reviewing initial patterns of damage as well as evidence for spontaneous recovery. A case is made that insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), a growth-promoting peptide synthesized in both the brain and the periphery, is well suited to augment neuroplasticity in the injured brain. Essential during brain development, multiple lines of evidence delineate roles in the adult brain for IGF-1 in the maintenance of synapses, regulation of neurotransmission, and modulation of forms of synaptic plasticity such as long-term potentiation. Further, IGF-1 enhances adult hippocampal neurogenesis though effects on proliferation and neuronal differentiation of neural progenitor cells and on dendritic growth of newly born neurons. Post-injury administration of IGF-1 has been effective in rodent models of TBI in improving learning and memory, attenuating death of mature hippocampal neurons and promoting neurogenesis, providing critical proof-of-concept data. More studies are needed to explore the effects of IGF-1-based therapies on synaptogenesis and synaptic plasticity following TBI and to optimize strategies in order to stimulate only appropriate, functional neuroplasticity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah C Williams
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Shaun W Carlson
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Kathryn E Saatman
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lu H, Gallinaro JV, Normann C, Rotter S, Yalcin I. Time Course of Homeostatic Structural Plasticity in Response to Optogenetic Stimulation in Mouse Anterior Cingulate Cortex. Cereb Cortex 2021; 32:1574-1592. [PMID: 34607362 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhab281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasticity is the mechanistic basis of development, aging, learning, and memory, both in healthy and pathological brains. Structural plasticity is rarely accounted for in computational network models due to a lack of insight into the underlying neuronal mechanisms and processes. Little is known about how the rewiring of networks is dynamically regulated. To inform such models, we characterized the time course of neural activity, the expression of synaptic proteins, and neural morphology employing an in vivo optogenetic mouse model. We stimulated pyramidal neurons in the anterior cingulate cortex of mice and harvested their brains at 1.5 h, 24 h, and $48\,\mathrm{h}$ after stimulation. Stimulus-induced cortical hyperactivity persisted up to 1.5 h and decayed to baseline after $24\,\mathrm{h}$ indicated by c-Fos expression. The synaptic proteins VGLUT1 and PSD-95, in contrast, were upregulated at $24\,\mathrm{h}$ and downregulated at $48\,\mathrm{h}$, respectively. Spine density and spine head volume were also increased at $24\,\mathrm{h}$ and decreased at $48\,\mathrm{h}$. This specific sequence of events reflects a continuous joint evolution of activity and connectivity that is characteristic of the model of homeostatic structural plasticity. Our computer simulations thus corroborate the observed empirical evidence from our animal experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han Lu
- Bernstein Center Freiburg and Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives UPR3212, Strasbourg 67000, France.,Department of Neuroanatomy, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Júlia V Gallinaro
- Bernstein Center Freiburg and Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany.,Bioengineering Department, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Claus Normann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany.,Center for Basics in Neuromodulation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Stefan Rotter
- Bernstein Center Freiburg and Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Ipek Yalcin
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives UPR3212, Strasbourg 67000, France.,Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Université Laval, Québec QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Muscat SM, Deems NP, D'Angelo H, Kitt MM, Grace PM, Andersen ND, Silverman SN, Rice KC, Watkins LR, Maier SF, Barrientos RM. Postoperative cognitive dysfunction is made persistent with morphine treatment in aged rats. Neurobiol Aging 2021; 98:214-224. [PMID: 33341652 PMCID: PMC7870544 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2020.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is the collection of cognitive impairments, lasting days to months, experienced by individuals following surgery. Persistent POCD is most commonly experienced by older individuals and is associated with a greater vulnerability to developing Alzheimer's disease, but the underlying mechanisms are not known. It is known that laparotomy (exploratory abdominal surgery) in aged rats produces memory impairments for 4 days. Here we report that postsurgical treatment with morphine extends this deficit to at least 2 months while having no effects in the absence of surgery. Indeed, hippocampal-dependent long-term memory was impaired 2, 4, and 8 weeks postsurgery only in aged, morphine-treated rats. Short-term memory remained intact. Morphine is known to have analgesic effects via μ-opioid receptor activation and neuroinflammatory effects through Toll-like receptor 4 activation. Here we demonstrate that persistent memory deficits were mediated independently of the μ-opioid receptor, suggesting that they were evoked through a neuroinflammatory mechanism and unrelated to pain modulation. In support of this, aged, laparotomized, and morphine-treated rats exhibited increased gene expression of various proinflammatory markers (IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα, NLRP3, HMGB1, TLR2, and TLR4) in the hippocampus at the 2-week time point. Furthermore, central blockade of IL-1β signaling with the specific IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA), at the time of surgery, completely prevented the memory impairment. Finally, synaptophysin and PSD95 gene expression were significantly dysregulated in the hippocampus of aged, laparotomized, morphine-treated rats, suggesting that impaired synaptic structure and/or function may play a key role in this persistent deficit. This instance of long-term memory impairment following surgery closely mirrors the timeline of persistent POCD in humans and may be useful for future treatment discoveries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M Muscat
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Nicholas P Deems
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Heather D'Angelo
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Meagan M Kitt
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Peter M Grace
- Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nathan D Andersen
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Shaelyn N Silverman
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Kenner C Rice
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Linda R Watkins
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Steven F Maier
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Ruth M Barrientos
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Chronic Brain Injury Program, Discovery Themes Initiative, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Xiang Y, Xin J, Le W, Yang Y. Neurogranin: A Potential Biomarker of Neurological and Mental Diseases. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:584743. [PMID: 33132903 PMCID: PMC7573493 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.584743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurogranin (Ng) is a small protein usually expressed in granule-like structures in pyramidal cells of the hippocampus and cortex. However, its clinical value is not fully clear so far. Currently, Ng is proved to be involved in synaptic plasticity, synaptic regeneration, and long-term potentiation mediated by the calcium- and calmodulin-signaling pathways. Due to both the synaptic integrity and function as the growing concerns in the pathogenesis of a wide variety of neurological and mental diseases, a series of researches published focused on the associations between Ng and these kinds of diseases in the past decade. Therefore, in this review, we highlight several diseases, which include, but are not limited to, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson disease, Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease, neuro-HIV, neurosyphilis, schizophrenia, depression, traumatic brain injury, and acute ischemic stroke, and summarize the associations between cerebrospinal fluid or blood-derived Ng with these diseases. We propose that Ng is a potential and promising biomarker to improve the diagnosis, prognosis, and severity evaluation of these diseases in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xiang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiayan Xin
- North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.,Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Weidong Le
- Institute of Neuroscience, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongjian Yang
- Department of Cardiovasology, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|