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Kornaropoulos EN, Winzeck S, Rumetshofer T, Wikstrom A, Knutsson L, Correia MM, Sundgren PC, Nilsson M. Sensitivity of Diffusion MRI to White Matter Pathology: Influence of Diffusion Protocol, Magnetic Field Strength, and Processing Pipeline in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Front Neurol 2022; 13:837385. [PMID: 35557624 PMCID: PMC9087851 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.837385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There are many ways to acquire and process diffusion MRI (dMRI) data for group studies, but it is unknown which maximizes the sensitivity to white matter (WM) pathology. Inspired by this question, we analyzed data acquired for diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) at 3T (3T-DTI and 3T-DKI) and DTI at 7T in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and healthy controls (HC). Parameter estimates in 72 WM tracts were obtained using TractSeg. The impact on the sensitivity to WM pathology was evaluated for the diffusion protocol, the magnetic field strength, and the processing pipeline. Sensitivity was quantified in terms of Cohen's d for group comparison. Results showed that the choice of diffusion protocol had the largest impact on the effect size. The effect size in fractional anisotropy (FA) across all WM tracts was 0.26 higher when derived by DTI than by DKI and 0.20 higher in 3T compared with 7T. The difference due to the diffusion protocol was larger than the difference due to magnetic field strength for the majority of diffusion parameters. In contrast, the difference between including or excluding different processing steps was near negligible, except for the correction of distortions from eddy currents and motion which had a clearly positive impact. For example, effect sizes increased on average by 0.07 by including motion and eddy correction for FA derived from 3T-DTI. Effect sizes were slightly reduced by the incorporation of denoising and Gibbs-ringing removal (on average by 0.011 and 0.005, respectively). Smoothing prior to diffusion model fitting generally reduced effect sizes. In summary, 3T-DTI in combination with eddy current and motion correction yielded the highest sensitivity to WM pathology in patients with SLE. However, our results also indicated that the 3T-DKI and 7T-DTI protocols used here may be adjusted to increase effect sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgenios N. Kornaropoulos
- Clinical Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan Winzeck
- Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- BioMedIA Group, Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Anna Wikstrom
- Clinical Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Linda Knutsson
- Department of Medical Radiation Physics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- F.M. Kirby Research Center, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Marta M. Correia
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Pia C. Sundgren
- Clinical Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Lund University BioImaging Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Medical Imaging and Physiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Markus Nilsson
- Clinical Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Yin H, Pranzatelli TJF, French BN, Zhang N, Warner BM, Chiorini JA. Sclerosing Sialadenitis Is Associated With Salivary Gland Hypofunction and a Unique Gene Expression Profile in Sjögren's Syndrome. Front Immunol 2021; 12:699722. [PMID: 34400910 PMCID: PMC8363566 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.699722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To develop a novel method to quantify the amount of fibrosis in the salivary gland and to investigate the relationship between fibrosis and specific symptoms associated with Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) using this method. Materials and Methods Paraffin-embedded labial salivary gland (LSG) slides from 20 female SS patients and their clinical and LSG pathology data were obtained from the Sjögren’s International Collaborative Clinical Alliance. Relative interstitial fibrosis area (RIFA) in Masson’s trichrome-stained LSG sections was quantified from digitally scanned slides and used for correlation analysis. Gene expression levels were assessed by microarray analysis. Core promoter accessibility for RIFA-correlated genes was determined using DNase I hypersensitive sites sequencing analysis. Results RIFA was significantly correlated with unstimulated whole saliva flow rate in SS patients. Sixteen genes were significantly and positively correlated with RIFA. In a separate analysis, a group of differentially expressed genes was identified by comparing severe and moderate fibrosis groups. This combined set of genes was distinct from differentially expressed genes identified in lung epithelium from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients compared with controls. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of salivary glands suggested most of the RIFA-correlated genes are expressed by fibroblasts in the gland and are in a permissive chromatin state. Conclusion RIFA quantification is a novel method for assessing interstitial fibrosis and the impact of fibrosis on SS symptoms. Loss of gland function may be associated with salivary gland fibrosis, which is likely to be driven by a unique set of genes that are mainly expressed by fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongen Yin
- Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV) Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Thomas J F Pranzatelli
- Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV) Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Benjamin N French
- Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV) Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Nan Zhang
- Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV) Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Blake M Warner
- Salivary Disorders Unit, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - John A Chiorini
- Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV) Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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Kumbale CM, Davis JD, Voit EO. Models for Personalized Medicine. SYSTEMS MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-801238-3.11349-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Bernardini C, Censi F, Lattanzi W, Calcagnini G, Giuliani A. Gene regulation networks in early phase of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. IEEE/ACM TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY AND BIOINFORMATICS 2013; 10:393-400. [PMID: 23929863 DOI: 10.1109/tcbb.2013.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze previously published gene expression data of skeletal muscle biopsies of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients and controls (gene expression omnibus database, accession #GSE6011) using systems biology approaches. We applied an unsupervised method to discriminate patient and control populations, based on principal component analysis, using the gene expressions as units and patients as variables. The genes having the highest absolute scores in the discrimination between the groups, were then analyzed in terms of gene expression networks, on the basis of their mutual correlation in the two groups. The correlation network structures suggest two different modes of gene regulation in the two groups, reminiscent of important aspects of DMD pathogenesis.
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Bernardini C, Censi F, Lattanzi W, Barba M, Calcagnini G, Giuliani A, Tasca G, Sabatelli M, Ricci E, Michetti F. Mitochondrial network genes in the skeletal muscle of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients. PLoS One 2013; 8:e57739. [PMID: 23469062 PMCID: PMC3585165 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0057739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2012] [Accepted: 01/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence suggested that muscle degeneration might lead and/or contribute to neurodegeneration, thus it possibly play a key role in the etiopathogenesis and progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). To test this hypothesis, this study attempted to categorize functionally relevant genes within the genome-wide expression profile of human ALS skeletal muscle, using microarray technology and gene regulatory network analysis. The correlation network structures significantly change between patients and controls, indicating an increased inter-gene connection in patients compared to controls. The gene network observed in the ALS group seems to reflect the perturbation of muscle homeostasis and metabolic balance occurring in affected individuals. In particular, the network observed in the ALS muscles includes genes (PRKR1A, FOXO1, TRIM32, ACTN3, among others), whose functions connect the sarcomere integrity to mitochondrial oxidative metabolism. Overall, the analytical approach used in this study offer the possibility to observe higher levels of correlation (i.e. common expression trends) among genes, whose function seems to be aberrantly activated during the progression of muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Bernardini
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Federica Censi
- Department of Technologies and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Wanda Lattanzi
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Barba
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Calcagnini
- Department of Technologies and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Giuliani
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Mario Sabatelli
- Institute of Neurology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Enzo Ricci
- Institute of Neurology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Michetti
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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Censi F, Calcagnini G, Bartolini P, Giuliani A. A systems biology strategy on differential gene expression data discloses some biological features of atrial fibrillation. PLoS One 2010; 5:e13668. [PMID: 21060823 PMCID: PMC2966393 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0013668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2010] [Accepted: 09/24/2010] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common cardiac arrhythmia, is associated with extensive structural, contractile, and electrophysiological remodeling. In this manuscript we re-analyzed gene expression data from a microarray experiment on AF patients and control tissues, using a new paradigm based on a posteriori unsupervised strategy in which the discrimination of patients comes out from purely syntactical premises. This paradigm, more adherent to biological reality where genes work in highly connected networks, allowed us to get both a very precise patients/control discrimination and the discovery of cell adhesion/tissue modeling and inflammation processes as the main dimensions of AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Censi
- Department of Technologies and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
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