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Khorsandi K, Fekrazad R. Skin wound healing in diabetic rat model using low-dose photodynamic therapy. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2024; 71:681-690. [PMID: 38409884 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Chronic wound is one of the major challenges in medicine and imposes a heavy financial burden on the healthcare of different countries. Diabetic foot ulcers as one of the important examples for chronic wounds can lead to lower limb amputation, disability, and death in diabetics. In this regard, novel technology with low side effects got attention in recent years. Low-dose photodynamic therapy (LDPDT) is one of the noninvasive techniques that can be considered for wound healing in diabetic wounds. In this experiment, we aim to study the effect of LDPDT on diabetic rats' wound healing and compare it to healthy rats. In this in vitro experimental study, 32 male rats were used. Rats in both normal and diabetic (streptozotocin injection) groups after being wounded (two wounds [0.8 × 0.8 cm]) on the back of each rat were randomly divided into four groups, including the control group (without treatment), radiation-only (660 nm-1 J/cm2) group, 5-ALA-only (1 µg/mL) group, and LDPDT-recipient group. The procedure has been done for 2 days, and at the end of Days 3, 7, 14, and 21, the wound sample was sent to the histopathology laboratory, and the wound size and tissue indices in these groups were evaluated by histology and microscopy techniques. The impact of low concentrations of 5-ALA and low irradiation energy density in both normal and diabetic rats were positive, which accelerated the wound-healing process as seen in the histology study. In diabetic rats treated with only radiation and LDPDT, the process of epithelial regeneration, collagen production, reduction of mast cells, and production of follicles was more as compared to the normal group. The results suggest that LDPDT can have a positive impact on the diabetic rat model wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khatereh Khorsandi
- Radiation Sciences Research Center, Laser Research Center in Medical Sciences, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Photodynamic, Medical Laser Research Center, YARA Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Fekrazad
- Radiation Sciences Research Center, Laser Research Center in Medical Sciences, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- International Network for Photo Medicine and Photo Dynamic Therapy (INPMPDT), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
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Hernández-Bule ML, Naharro-Rodríguez J, Bacci S, Fernández-Guarino M. Unlocking the Power of Light on the Skin: A Comprehensive Review on Photobiomodulation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4483. [PMID: 38674067 PMCID: PMC11049838 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a procedure that uses light to modulate cellular functions and biological processes. Over the past decades, PBM has gained considerable attention for its potential in various medical applications due to its non-invasive nature and minimal side effects. We conducted a narrative review including articles about photobiomodulation, LED light therapy or low-level laser therapy and their applications on dermatology published over the last 6 years, encompassing research studies, clinical trials, and technological developments. This review highlights the mechanisms of action underlying PBM, including the interaction with cellular chromophores and the activation of intracellular signaling pathways. The evidence from clinical trials and experimental studies to evaluate the efficacy of PBM in clinical practice is summarized with a special emphasis on dermatology. Furthermore, advancements in PBM technology, such as novel light sources and treatment protocols, are discussed in the context of optimizing therapeutic outcomes and improving patient care. This narrative review underscores the promising role of PBM as a non-invasive therapeutic approach with broad clinical applicability. Despite the need for further research to develop standard protocols, PBM holds great potential for addressing a wide range of medical conditions and enhancing patient outcomes in modern healthcare practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Stefano Bacci
- Research Unit of Histology and Embriology, Department of Biology, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy;
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Zhang Y, Ji Q. Current advances of photobiomodulation therapy in treating knee osteoarthritis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1286025. [PMID: 38033853 PMCID: PMC10687633 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1286025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is manifested by low-grade joint inflammation, irreversible cartilage degeneration, subchondral bone remodeling and osteophyte formation. It is one of the most prevalent degenerative diseases in the elderly. KOA usually results in chronic joint pain, physical impairment even disability bringing a huge socioeconomic burden. Unfortunately, there is so far no effective interventions to delay the progression and development of KOA. There is a pressing need for explorations and developments of new effective interventions. Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT), also known as low-level light therapy (LLLT), has attracted widespread attention in treating KOA because it is drug-free, non-invasive, safe and useful with rarely reported side effects. It provides the biological stimulatory effects primarily by enhancing the activity of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase. This stimulation, in turn, fosters cell proliferation and tissue regeneration. In addition to this, the paper provides a concise overview of the light parameters and the effectiveness of PBMT when applied in the treatment of KOA patients in clinical settings. It also delves into the experimental evidence supporting the modulatory effects of PBMT and its potential underlying mechanisms in addressing synovitis, cartilage degeneration, and pain resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Quanbo Ji
- Department of Orthopedics, The General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
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Quantitative Assessment of Low-Dose Photodynamic Therapy Effects on Diabetic Wound Healing Using Raman Spectroscopy. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020595. [PMID: 36839917 PMCID: PMC9966264 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
One of challenges that faces diabetes is the wound healing process. The delayed diabetic wound healing is caused by a complicated molecular mechanism involving numerous physiological variables. Low-dose photodynamic therapy (LDPDT) provides excellent results in rejuvenation and wound healing. In this study, the LDPDT effect on diabetic wounds in mice was studied using two photosensitizers, 5-aminolevulinic acid and methylene blue, and two laser dose expositions of 1 J/cm2 and 4 J/cm2 by Raman spectroscopy (RS). The latter was used as a noninvasive method, providing specific information about tissue state based on the fundamental vibrational modes of its molecular components. RS allows high spatial resolution acquisition of biochemical and structural information through the generation of point spectra or spectral images. An approach to in vivo quantitative assessment of diabetic wound healing state was developed. This approach is based on an application of the principal component analysis combined with the Mahalanobis metrics to skin Raman spectra, in particular, intensities of the amide I and CH2 bands.
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Valentim Bitencourt F, Cardoso De David S, Schutz JDS, Otto Kirst Neto A, Visioli F, Fiorini T. Effect of photobiomodulation therapy on patient morbidity and wound healing at donor site after free gingival graft harvesting: a triple-blind randomized-controlled clinical trial. Clin Oral Implants Res 2022; 33:622-633. [PMID: 35305280 DOI: 10.1111/clr.13923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the effect of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) on patient morbidity and donor site healing after free gingival graft (FGG) harvesting. METHODS Forty-four patients requiring FGG were selected for this trial. Individuals were randomly assigned to test group (PBMT, n=22) or control group (placebo, n=22) applied immediately after surgery, 24 and 48 hours after. Demographic, surgical-related and psychosocial variables possibly associated with treatment response were collected. The primary outcome was postoperative pain at the donor site evaluated using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) immediately after surgery and 6, 24, 48 and 72 hours after. Secondary outcomes include medication consumption, patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and percentage of wound closure. RESULTS Intragroup analysis showed no differences in VASLog means for placebo group throughout the study (p>0.05), whereas a significant difference in PBMT group at 6h, 24h, 48h and 72h (p<0.05) were observed. Postoperative rescue analgesic requirement was significantly higher in the placebo group (p=0.004). The number needed to treat(NNT) was 2.43. PBMT group reported significant better function related to sleeping, going to work/school and daily routine activities, less restriction to mouth opening, chewing and food consumption, less swelling and bleeding (p<0.05), mainly in the first 48hs. PBMT group presented a significantly higher palatal wound closure at 7 days compared to placebo group (33.41 vs 21.20 respectively, p=0.024) after adjustment for confounding. No adverse effects were reported. CONCLUSIONS PBMT accelerated the pain resolution time and palatal closure, decreased rescue medication consumption and significantly improved patient satisfaction in the postoperative period.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Silvia Cardoso De David
- Department of Conservative Dentistry - Periodontology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Jasper da Silva Schutz
- Department of Conservative Dentistry - Periodontology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Alfredo Otto Kirst Neto
- Department of Conservative Dentistry - Periodontology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Visioli
- Department of Conservative Dentistry - Oral Pathology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Tiago Fiorini
- Department of Conservative Dentistry - Periodontology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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The In Vivo Quantitative Assessment of the Effectiveness of Low-Dose Photodynamic Therapy on Wound Healing Using Optical Coherence Tomography. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14020399. [PMID: 35214134 PMCID: PMC8877015 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of low-dose photodynamic therapy on in vivo wound healing was investigated using optical coherence tomography. This work aims to develop an approach to quantitative assessment of the wound’s state during wound healing including the effect of low-dose photodynamic therapy using topical application of two different photosensitizers, 5-aminolevulinic acid and methylene blue, and two laser doses of 1 J/cm2 and 4 J/cm2. It was concluded that the laser dose of 4 J/cm2 was better compared to 1 J/cm2 and allowed the wound healing process to accelerate.
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In Vivo Quantification of the Effectiveness of Topical Low-Dose Photodynamic Therapy in Wound Healing Using Two-Photon Microscopy. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14020287. [PMID: 35214020 PMCID: PMC8877659 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of low-dose photodynamic therapy on in vivo wound healing with topical application of 5-aminolevulinic acid and methylene blue was investigated using an animal model for two laser radiation doses (1 and 4 J/cm2). A second-harmonic-generation-to-auto-fluorescence aging index of the dermis (SAAID) was analyzed by two-photon microscopy. SAAID measured at 60–80 μm depths was shown to be a suitable quantitative parameter to monitor wound healing. A comparison of SAAID in healthy and wound tissues during phototherapy showed that both light doses were effective for wound healing; however, healing was better at a dose of 4 J/cm2.
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Dos Santos KW, Hugo FN, da Cunha Rodrigues E, Stein AT, Hilgert JB. Effect of oral exercises and photobiomodulation therapy in the rehabilitation of patients with mandible fractures: randomized double-blind clinical trial. Lasers Med Sci 2021; 37:1727-1735. [PMID: 34557956 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-021-03423-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Mandible fractures compromise stomatognathic functions, requiring rehabilitation. Evaluate the effectiveness of photobiomodulation (PBM) associated with oral exercises for rehabilitation of patients with mandible fractures. In this randomized clinical trial, we compared PBM with PBM sham in 14 adults with mandibular fractures who underwent surgical intervention. The sessions were performed 24 h and 48 h after surgical procedure, and weekly for 4 weeks after hospital discharge. Both groups performed oral exercises after each PBM session. Restriction of food consistencies, mandibular mobility, pain, and facial sensitivity measured before and after the surgical procedure were the outcomes evaluated, one and 3 months after surgery. Maximum interincisal distances (MID), exercise pain, and restriction of food consistencies were also evaluated during each week of intervention. Both groups showed normal MID (> 35 mm) and food consistencies consumed 1 month after the surgical procedure, with no significant differences between them. Individuals in the PBM group had less pain response to exercise during all the weeks of intervention than the sham group (p < 0.05). The patients presented a reduction in the painful response in MID and mandibular laterality movements 1 month after surgery compared to the preoperative period. In contrast, there was an improvement in laterality in the sham group only 3 months postoperatively and persistent pain in MID. There was no significant difference in facial sensitivity within and between groups during follow-up. The performance of oral exercises associated with PBM effectively facilitated the early rehabilitation of oral functions, with significant gains in pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karoline Weber Dos Santos
- Cristo Redentor Hospital/Conceição Hospital Group (GHC) - 20, Domingos Rubbo Street, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, 91040-000, Brazil.
| | - Fernando Neves Hugo
- Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2492, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-0003, Brazil
| | - Esther da Cunha Rodrigues
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA) - 245, Sarmento Leite Street, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Airton Tetelbom Stein
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA) - 245, Sarmento Leite Street, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Juliana Balbinot Hilgert
- Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2492, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-0003, Brazil
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Accelerated burn wound healing with photobiomodulation therapy involves activation of endogenous latent TGF-β1. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13371. [PMID: 34183697 PMCID: PMC8238984 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92650-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The severity of tissue injury in burn wounds from associated inflammatory and immune sequelae presents a significant clinical management challenge. Among various biophysical wound management approaches, low dose biophotonics treatments, termed Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy, has gained recent attention. One of the PBM molecular mechanisms of PBM treatments involves photoactivation of latent TGF-β1 that is capable of promoting tissue healing and regeneration. This work examined the efficacy of PBM treatments in a full-thickness burn wound healing in C57BL/6 mice. We first optimized the PBM protocol by monitoring tissue surface temperature and histology. We noted this dynamic irradiance surface temperature-monitored PBM protocol improved burn wound healing in mice with elevated TGF-β signaling (phospho-Smad2) and reduced inflammation-associated gene expression. Next, we investigated the roles of individual cell types involved in burn wound healing following PBM treatments and noted discrete effects on epithelieum, fibroblasts, and macrophage functions. These responses appear to be mediated via both TGF-β dependent and independent signaling pathways. Finally, to investigate specific contributions of TGF-β1 signaling in these PBM-burn wound healing, we utilized a chimeric TGF-β1/β3 knock-in (TGF-β1Lβ3/Lβ3) mice. PBM treatments failed to activate the chimeric TGF-β1Lβ3/Lβ3 complex and failed to improve burn wound healing in these mice. These results suggest activation of endogenous latent TGF-β1 following PBM treatments plays a key role in burn wound healing. These mechanistic insights can improve the safety and efficacy of clinical translation of PBM treatments for tissue healing and regeneration.
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Martins MD, Silveira FM, Martins MAT, Almeida LO, Bagnato VS, Squarize CH, Castilho RM. Photobiomodulation therapy drives massive epigenetic histone modifications, stem cells mobilization and accelerated epithelial healing. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2021; 14:e202000274. [PMID: 33025746 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202000274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates the clinical benefits of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) in the management of skin and mucosal wounds. Here, we decided to explore the effects of different regiments of PBMT on epithelial cells and stem cells, and the potential implications over the epigenetic circuitry during healing. Scratch-wound migration, immunofluorescence (anti-acetyl-Histone H3, anti-acetyl-CBP/p300 and anti-BMI1), nuclear morphometry and western blotting (anti-Phospho-S6, anti-methyl-CpG binding domain protein 2 [MBD2]) were performed. Epithelial stem cells were identified by the aldehyde dehydrogenase enzymatic levels and sphere-forming assay. We observed that PBMT-induced accelerated epithelial migration and chromatin relaxation along with increased levels of histones acetylation, the transcription cofactors CBP/p300 and mammalian target of rapamycin. We further observed a reduction of the transcription repression-associated protein MBD2 and a reduced number of epithelial stem cells and spheres. In this study, we showed that PBMT could induce epigenetic modifications of epithelial cells and control stem cell fate, leading to an accelerated healing phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoela D Martins
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Felipe Martins Silveira
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Marco A T Martins
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Department of Oral Medicine, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA/UFRGS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Luciana O Almeida
- Laboratory of Tissue Culture, Department of Basic and Oral Biology, University of Sao Paulo School of Dentistry, Ribeirao Preto, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Vanderlei S Bagnato
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo (USP), São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristiane H Squarize
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Rogerio M Castilho
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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An Insight into the Role of Non-Porphyrinoid Photosensitizers for Skin Wound Healing. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010234. [PMID: 33379392 PMCID: PMC7795024 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The concept behind photodynamic therapy (PDT) is being successfully applied in different biomedical contexts such as cancer diseases, inactivation of microorganisms and, more recently, to improve wound healing and tissue regeneration. The effectiveness of PDT in skin treatments is associated with the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by a photosensitizer (PS), which acts as a "double agent". The release of ROS must be high enough to prevent microbial growth and, simultaneously, to accelerate the immune system response by recruiting important regenerative agents to the wound site. The growing interest in this subject is reflected by the increasing number of studies concerning the optimization of relevant experimental parameters for wound healing via PDT, namely, light features, the structure and concentration of the PS, and the wound type and location. Considering the importance of developing PSs with suitable features for this emergent topic concerning skin wound healing, in this review, a special focus on the achievements attained for each PS class, namely, of the non-porphyrinoid type, is given.
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Zhang LC, Hao LM, Huang YB, Huang HF, Hu J, Bi MY. Satisfactory response of a back carbuncle to 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) photodynamic therapy: A case report. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 30:101618. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2019.101618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Zhang LC, Hao LM, Tan JX, Huang YB, Huang HF, Hu J, Bi MY. Efficacy of the combination of minimally invasive CO 2 laser incision with photodynamic therapy for infected epidermoid cysts. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 30:101791. [PMID: 32344196 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.101791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are three main techniques for the removal of epidermoid cysts: traditional wide excision, minimal excision, and punch biopsy excision. For inflamed cysts, the wall is more friable and, therefore, more difficult to remove completely. The classic surgical excision always leads to a long scar or high rate of recurrence. CO2 laser has been proven to result in minimal incision, less bleeding, no suture, and a smaller or no scar. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been proposed as an antimicrobial alternative for common and drug-resistant bacteria in nonspecific and multiple sites. It was also shown to be effective in accelerating healing and inhibiting excessive proliferation of hyperplastic scar. Thus, we combined minimally invasive CO2 laser incision with PDT for epidermoid cysts with infection. METHODS Thirty-three patients had a total of 39 infectious cysts. Two of the patients withdrew due to the high cost after 1 treatment session. After local injection of anesthesia, a hole measuring 2-3 mm was made at the pore in the upper part of the cyst along skin texture by CO2 laser (power 5 W, surgical pattern). The contents of the cyst were extracted through the hole using a curette and compression with gauze. PDT was then performed immediately. A total of 3 PDT sessions were recommended. The overall clinical effects, recurrence rates, cosmetic outcomes, adverse events, and patient satisfaction were assessed. RESULTS We achieved a 97% success rate in 31 patients with 34 lesions using a combination of minimally invasive CO2 laser incision with PDT. At the 6- to 12-month follow-up, 30 of the patients had excellent cosmetic outcomes and satisfactory therapeutic effect. Pain during the illumination process, which can be relieved by dynamic cold air, was the primary adverse event. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate promise for the combination of minimally invasive CO2 laser incision with PDT as a safe and effective therapy for epidermoid cysts with infection. This treatment can inactivate a wide range of microbes including gram-positive and -negative bacteria, without developing drug resistance. Furthermore, it can promote fast wound healing and reduce scar formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Chao Zhang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - Li-Ming Hao
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - Jian-Xin Tan
- Center of Clinical Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - Yuan-Bo Huang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - Hai-Feng Huang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - Jun Hu
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - Ming-Ye Bi
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi 214023, China.
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Oyama J, Fernandes Herculano Ramos-Milaré ÁC, Lopes Lera-Nonose DSS, Nesi-Reis V, Galhardo Demarchi I, Alessi Aristides SM, Juarez Vieira Teixeira J, Gomes Verzignassi Silveira T, Campana Lonardoni MV. Photodynamic therapy in wound healing in vivo: a systematic review. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 30:101682. [PMID: 32032780 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.101682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Wounds constitute severe problems in public health. Inappropriate manipulation to promote wound healing and indiscriminate use of antibiotics may contribute to failure in wound treatment, leading to bacterial growth and resistance. Appropriate and correct approaches to wound treatment are crucially important. Further, the development of new and effective treatment modalities is important to decrease infection-related mortality and to reduce patient suffering and side effects. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) could be a promising approach to ameliorate this global health problem. We researched articles that used PDT in wound healing in vivo. The systematic review included articles that investigated the effect of PDT on wound healing in animals, published from May 2008 through 2018, in the databases PubMed and Web of Science. The main types of wounds described in the selected articles were burns, abrasions, and excisional wounds. Most of the studies tested PDT in wounds infected by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, S. aureus standard strain, or Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The studies demonstrated that PDT contributes in several ways to the wound healing process, such as killing bacterial cells and stimulating the proliferation of fibroblasts and consequently of collagen and elastin. Based on these studies, PDT provided excellent results for the wound healing process, acting in several steps and accelerating tissue repair. PDT has proven to be a promising therapeutic modality, able to inhibit bacterial regrowth or kill bacteria, contributing significantly to accelerate the wound healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jully Oyama
- Graduate Program in Bioscience and Physiopathology, State University of Maringá, Colombo Avenue, 5790, Postal Code 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Vanessa Nesi-Reis
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, State University of Maringá, Colombo Avenue, 5790, Postal Code 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Izabel Galhardo Demarchi
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, State University of Maringá, Colombo Avenue, 5790, Postal Code 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil; Department of Clinical Analysis, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Roberto Sampaio Gonzaga Street, Campus Reitor João David Ferreira Lima, Postal Code 88040-970, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Sandra Mara Alessi Aristides
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringá, Colombo Avenue, 5790, Postal Code 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Jorge Juarez Vieira Teixeira
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringá, Colombo Avenue, 5790, Postal Code 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Thaís Gomes Verzignassi Silveira
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringá, Colombo Avenue, 5790, Postal Code 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Maria Valdrinez Campana Lonardoni
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringá, Colombo Avenue, 5790, Postal Code 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
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Lavaee F, Amanati A, Ramzi M, Naseri S, Shakiba Sefat H. Evaluation of the effect of photodynamic therapy on chemotherapy induced oral mucositis. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 30:101653. [PMID: 31923632 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.101653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study the effect of photodynamic therapy on chemotherapy induced mucositis was evaluated. METHODS This randomized single blind clinical pilot evaluation evaluated the effect of PDT with methylene blue on 15 patients with chemotherapy induced bilateral oral mucositis. They were divided into 2 groups (control side and intervention side). Methylene blue was applied on the lesions of both sides, after 10 min the lesion of intervention side was irradiated by a 660 nm diode laser InGaAlP(Azor-2 K) for 10 min (power: 25 mW, dose:19.23 J/CM2, probe diameter: 0.78 cm2) for three sessions (day1,3,5) and followed on day 12. In control side only sham laser was used. Data were analyzed by Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney test using SPSS version 22. RESULTS Comparing the WCCNR and NCI difference in different sessions between intervention and control group, represented significant improvement in oral mucositis in photodynamic therapy group for sessions 1-0, 2-0, 3-0 (P.value<0.05). CONCLUSION Photodynamic therapy can improve chemotherapy induced oral mucositis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Lavaee
- Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, Assistant Professor of Oral and Maxillofacial Disease Department, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Ali Amanati
- Professor Alborzi Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Mani Ramzi
- Hematology Research Center, Department of Hematology, Oncology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Setareh Naseri
- School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Shanmugapriya K, Kang HW. Engineering pharmaceutical nanocarriers for photodynamic therapy on wound healing: Review. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 105:110110. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Angiero F, Ugolini A, Cattoni F, Bova F, Blasi S, Gallo F, Cossellu G, Gherlone E. Evaluation of bradykinin, VEGF, and EGF biomarkers in gingival crevicular fluid and comparison of PhotoBioModulation with conventional techniques in periodontitis: a split-mouth randomized clinical trial. Lasers Med Sci 2019; 35:965-970. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-019-02919-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Robijns J, Lodewijckx J, Mebis J. Photobiomodulation therapy for acute radiodermatitis. Curr Opin Oncol 2019; 31:291-298. [DOI: 10.1097/cco.0000000000000511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Sarkarat F, Modarresi A, Chiniforush N, Yazdanparast L, Rakhshan V. Efficacy of Photodynamic Therapy in Minimizing Bisphosphonate-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaws After Dental Extraction: A Preliminary Animal Study. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019; 77:307-314. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2018.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Kennedy KC, Martinez SA, Martinez SE, Tucker RL, Davies NM. Effects of low-level laser therapy on bone healing and signs of pain in dogs following tibial plateau leveling osteotomy. Am J Vet Res 2018; 79:893-904. [PMID: 30058855 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.79.8.893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on markers of synovial inflammation and signs of pain, function, bone healing, and osteoarthritis following tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) in dogs with spontaneous cranial cruciate ligament rupture (CCLR). ANIMALS 12 client-owned dogs with unilateral CCLR. PROCEDURES All dogs were instrumented with an accelerometer for 2 weeks before and 8 weeks after TPLO. Dogs were randomly assigned to receive LLLT (radiant exposure, 1.5 to 2.25 J/cm2; n = 6) or a control (red light; 6) treatment immediately before and at predetermined times for 8 weeks after TPLO. Owners completed a Canine Brief Pain Inventory weekly for 8 weeks after surgery. Each dog underwent a recheck appointment, which included physical and orthopedic examinations, force plate analysis, radiography and synoviocentesis of the affected joint, and evaluation of lameness and signs of pain, at 2, 4, and 8 weeks after surgery. Select markers of inflammation were quantified in synovial fluid samples. Variables were compared between the 2 groups. RESULTS For the control group, mean ground reaction forces were greater at 2 and 4 weeks after TPLO and owner-assigned pain scores were lower during weeks 1 through 5 after TPLO, compared with corresponding values for the LLLT group. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results suggested that the LLLT protocol used had no beneficial effects on signs of pain or pelvic limb function following TPLO. Further research is necessary to evaluate the effects of LLLT and to determine the optimum LLLT protocol for dogs with CCLR.
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Carbinatto FM, de Aquino AE, Coelho VHM, Bagnato VS. Photonic technology for the treatments of venous and arterial ulcers: Case report. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2018; 22:39-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2018.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Fekrazad R, Sarrafzadeh A, Kalhori KA, Khan I, Arany PR, Giubellino A. Improved Wound Remodeling Correlates with Modulated TGF-beta Expression in Skin Diabetic Wounds Following Combined Red and Infrared Photobiomodulation Treatments. Photochem Photobiol 2018; 94:775-779. [DOI: 10.1111/php.12914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Fekrazad
- Laser Research Center in Medical Sciences; AJA University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Arash Sarrafzadeh
- Oral and Maxillofacial Department; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | | | - Imran Khan
- National Institutes of Health; Bethesda MD USA
| | - Praveen R. Arany
- National Institutes of Health; Bethesda MD USA
- Oral Biology and Biomedical Engineering; University at Buffalo; Buffalo NY USA
| | - Alessio Giubellino
- National Institutes of Health; Bethesda MD USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology; University of Minnesota; Minneapolis MN USA
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Beneficial Role of Low-Intensity Laser Irradiation on Neural β-tubulin III Protein Expression in Human Bone Marrow Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2018; 14:585-598. [DOI: 10.1007/s12015-017-9796-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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24
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Nesi-Reis V, Lera-Nonose DSSL, Oyama J, Silva-Lalucci MPP, Demarchi IG, Aristides SMA, Teixeira JJV, Silveira TGV, Lonardoni MVC. Contribution of photodynamic therapy in wound healing: A systematic review. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2017; 21:294-305. [PMID: 29289704 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2017.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We researched articles that used photodynamic therapy (PDT) for skin wound healing in humans. METHODS The systematic review was conducted through scientific articles that investigated the action of PDT on wound healing in humans, published from July 2005 to March 2017, in the data bases PubMed and LILACS. RESULTS The main types of wound described in selected articles in this review were chronic ulcer and non-melanoma skin cancer. For accomplishing the PDT, second generation of photosensitizing agents with laser or light emitting diode were used. The studies demonstrated that PDT contribute in several ways to the wound healing process: leading to cellular death; reducing or increasing inflammation; stimulating fibroblasts proliferation and, consequently, of collagen and elastin; raising transforming growth factor beta and metalloproteinases. Based on this, PDT provided good results in wound healing process, acting in several steps and accelerating tissue repair. CONCLUSIONS PDT improved healing in many wound models in humans, revealing itself as a promising therapeutic modality for stimulating wound healing and remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Nesi-Reis
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790, Jardim Universitário, CEP 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.
| | | | - Jully Oyama
- Graduate Program in Bioscience and Physiopathology, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790, Jardim Universitário, CEP 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Marielle Priscila Paula Silva-Lalucci
- Graduate Program in Bioscience and Physiopathology, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790, Jardim Universitário, CEP 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Izabel Galhardo Demarchi
- Departament of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790, Jardim Universitário, CEP 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Sandra Mara Alessi Aristides
- Departament of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790, Jardim Universitário, CEP 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Jorge Juarez Vieira Teixeira
- Departament of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790, Jardim Universitário, CEP 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Thaís Gomes Verzignassi Silveira
- Departament of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790, Jardim Universitário, CEP 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Maria Valdrinez Campana Lonardoni
- Departament of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790, Jardim Universitário, CEP 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.
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El-Khordagui L, El-Sayed N, Galal S, El-Gowelli H, Omar H, Mohamed M. Photosensitizer-eluting nanofibers for enhanced photodynamic therapy of wounds: A preclinical study in immunocompromized rats. Int J Pharm 2017; 520:139-148. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 01/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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26
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Manchini MT, Antônio EL, Silva Junior JA, de Carvalho PDTC, Albertini R, Pereira FC, Feliciano R, Montemor J, Vieira SS, Grandinetti V, Yoshizaki A, Chaves M, da Silva MP, de Lima RDN, Bocalini DS, de Melo BL, Tucci PJF, Serra AJ. Low-Level Laser Application in the Early Myocardial Infarction Stage Has No Beneficial Role in Heart Failure. Front Physiol 2017; 8:23. [PMID: 28194115 PMCID: PMC5278498 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been targeted as a promising approach that can mitigate post-infarction cardiac remodeling. There is some interesting evidence showing that the beneficial role of the LLLT could persist long-term even after the end of the application, but it remains to be systematically evaluated. Therefore, the present study aimed to test the hypothesis that LLLT beneficial effects in the early post-infarction cardiac remodeling could remain in overt heart failure even with the disruption of irradiations. Female Wistar rats were subjected to the coronary occlusion to induce myocardial infarction or Sham operation. A single LLLT application was carried out after 60 s and 3 days post-coronary occlusion, respectively. Echocardiography was performed 3 days and at the end of the experiment (5 weeks) to evaluate cardiac function. After the last echocardiographic examination, LV hemodynamic evaluation was performed at baseline and on sudden afterload increases. Compared with the Sham group, infarcted rats showed increased systolic and diastolic internal diameter as well as a depressed shortening fraction of LV. The only benefit of the LLLT was a higher shortening fraction after 3 days of infarction. However, treated-LLLT rats show a lower shortening fraction in the 5th week of study when compared with Sham and non-irradiated rats. A worsening of cardiac function was confirmed in the hemodynamic analysis as evidenced by the higher LV end-diastolic pressure and lower +dP/dt and −dP/dt with five weeks of study. Cardiac functional reserve was also impaired by infarction as evidenced by an attenuated response of stroke work index and cardiac output to a sudden afterload stress, without LLLT repercussions. No significant differences were found in the myocardial expression of Akt1/VEGF pathway. Collectively, these findings illustrate that LLLT improves LV systolic function in the early post-infarction cardiac remodeling. However, this beneficial effect may be dependent on the maintenance of phototherapy. Long-term studies with LLLT application are needed to establish whether these effects ultimately translate into improved cardiac remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha T Manchini
- Laboratory of Biophotonic, Nove de Julho University, São PauloSão Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Cardiac Physiology, Federal University of São PauloSão Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ednei L Antônio
- Laboratory of Cardiac Physiology, Federal University of São Paulo São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Regiane Albertini
- Laboratory of Cardiac Physiology, Federal University of São Paulo São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando C Pereira
- Laboratory of Biophotonic, Nove de Julho University, São Paulo São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Regiane Feliciano
- Laboratory of Biophotonic, Nove de Julho University, São Paulo São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jairo Montemor
- Laboratory of Cardiac Physiology, Federal University of São Paulo São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Stella S Vieira
- Laboratory of Biophotonic, Nove de Julho University, São PauloSão Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Cardiac Physiology, Federal University of São PauloSão Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Grandinetti
- Laboratory of Biophotonic, Nove de Julho University, São Paulo São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amanda Yoshizaki
- Laboratory of Cardiac Physiology, Federal University of São Paulo São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcio Chaves
- Laboratory of Biophotonic, Nove de Julho University, São Paulo São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Móises P da Silva
- Laboratory of Biophotonic, Nove de Julho University, São Paulo São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Danilo S Bocalini
- Translational Physiology Laboratory, Brazil Physical Education and Aging Science Program, São Judas Tadeu University São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno L de Melo
- Laboratory of Cardiac Physiology, Federal University of São Paulo São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo J F Tucci
- Laboratory of Cardiac Physiology, Federal University of São Paulo São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrey J Serra
- Laboratory of Biophotonic, Nove de Julho University, São PauloSão Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Cardiac Physiology, Federal University of São PauloSão Paulo, Brazil
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de Jesus PDCC, Saeki SIN, Tedesco AC. An ex vivo study of photobiostimulation in the treatment of skin pathologies. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2016; 9:1189-1198. [PMID: 26992152 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201500288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Revised: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) and low level laser therapy (LLLT) may mutually improve the outcomes on the healing process of chronic wounds and other skin pathologies, through processes known to stimulate the proliferation of dermal cellular structures, as well as antimicrobial application. This study proposes the use of nanoemulsion containing aluminium phthalocyanine chloride (ClAlPc) as photosensitizer (PS), to establish the most appropriate protocol for photostimulation in human skin biopsies, associated to type I collagen and elastin production. The combined effect of PS and light (diode laser at 670 nm) at three different doses is compared to the effect of light itself at doses of 70, 140 and 700 mJ ċ cm-2 , 7 and 14 days after irradiation. Histological analysis reveals the increase in collagen and elastin, higher than 20%, 14 days after treatment with PS and light at 140 mJ ċ cm-2 . Higher doses of light promote an inhibitory effect, leading to tissue degradation. In addition, the expression levels of the enzymes MMP-2 and MMP-9 (Gelatinases A and B - participant in various processes including tumoral progression and wound healing) are detected by gelatin zymography, reinforcing the efficacy of the combined treatment with PS and light at the intermediate dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila da Costa C de Jesus
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Nanotechnology, Tissue Engineering and Photoprocesses, University of Sao Paulo, 14040-901, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Ikeda N Saeki
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Nanotechnology, Tissue Engineering and Photoprocesses, University of Sao Paulo, 14040-901, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio Claudio Tedesco
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Nanotechnology, Tissue Engineering and Photoprocesses, University of Sao Paulo, 14040-901, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Cury V, de Lima TM, Prado CM, Pinheiro N, Ariga SKK, Barbeiro DF, Moretti AI, Souza HP. Low level laser therapy reduces acute lung inflammation without impairing lung function. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2016; 9:1199-1207. [PMID: 26381933 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201500113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Revised: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Acute lung injury is a condition characterized by exacerbate inflammatory reaction in distal airways and lung dysfunction. Here we investigate the treatment of acute lung injury (ALI) by low level laser therapy (LLLT), an effective therapy used for the treatment of patients with inflammatory disorders or traumatic injuries, due to its ability to reduce inflammation and promote tissue regeneration. However, studies in internal viscera remains unclear. C57BL/6 mice were treated with intratracheal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (5 mg/kg) or phosphate buffer saline (PBS). Six hours after instillation, two groups were irradiated with laser at 660 nm and radiant exposure of 10 J/cm2 . Intratracheal LPS inoculation induced a marked increase in the number of inflammatory cells in perivascular and alveolar spaces. There was also an increase in the expression and secretion of cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6,) and chemokine (MCP-1). The LLLT application induced a significant decrease in both inflammatory cells influx and inflammatory mediators secretion. These effects did not affect lung mechanical properties, since no change was observed in tissue resistance or elastance. In conclusion LLLT is able to reduce inflammatory reaction in lungs exposed to LPS without affecting the pulmonary function and recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Cury
- University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, Emergency Medicine Department, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, Sala 3189, São Paulo - SP, Brazil
| | - Thais Martins de Lima
- University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, Emergency Medicine Department, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, Sala 3189, São Paulo - SP, Brazil
| | - Carla Maximo Prado
- Federal University of Sao Paulo, Biological Science Department, São Paulo - SP, Brazil
| | - Nathalia Pinheiro
- University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, Emergency Medicine Department, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, Sala 3189, São Paulo - SP, Brazil
| | - Suely K K Ariga
- University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, Emergency Medicine Department, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, Sala 3189, São Paulo - SP, Brazil
| | - Denise F Barbeiro
- University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, Emergency Medicine Department, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, Sala 3189, São Paulo - SP, Brazil
| | - Ana I Moretti
- University of São Paulo, Department of Cardio-Pulmonary, São Paulo - SP, Brazil
| | - Heraldo P Souza
- University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, Emergency Medicine Department, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, Sala 3189, São Paulo - SP, Brazil
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Hannaman MR, Fitts DA, Doss RM, Weinstein DE, Bryant JL. The refined biomimetic NeuroDigm GEL™ model of neuropathic pain in a mature rat. F1000Res 2016. [PMID: 28620451 PMCID: PMC5461904 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.9544.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Many humans suffering with chronic neuropathic pain have no objective evidence of an etiological lesion or disease. Frequently their persistent pain occurs after the healing of a soft tissue injury. Based on clinical observations over time, our hypothesis was that after an injury in mammals the process of tissue repair could cause chronic neural pain. Our objectives were to create the delayed onset of neuropathic pain in rats with minimal nerve trauma using a physiologic hydrogel, and characterize the rats' responses to known analgesics and a targeted biologic. Methods: In mature male Sprague Dawley rats (age 9.5 months) a percutaneous implant of tissue-derived hydrogel was placed in the musculofascial tunnel of the distal tibial nerve. Subcutaneous morphine (3 mg/kg), celecoxib (10 mg/kg), gabapentin (25 mg/kg) and duloxetine (10 mg/kg) were each screened in the model three times each over 5 months after pain behaviors developed. Sham and control groups were used in all screenings. A pilot study followed in which recombinant human erythropoietin (200 units) was injected by the GEL™ neural procedure site. Results: The GEL group gradually developed mechanical hypersensitivity lasting months. Morphine, initially effective, had less analgesia over time. Celecoxib produced no analgesia, while gabapentin and duloxetine at low doses demonstrated profound analgesia at all times tested. The injected erythropoietin markedly decreased bilateral pain behavior that had been present for over 4 months, p ≤ 0.001. Histology of the GEL group tibial nerve revealed a site of focal neural remodeling, with neural regeneration, as found in nerve biopsies of patients with neuropathic pain. Conclusion: The refined NeuroDigm GEL™ model induces a neural response resulting in robust neuropathic pain behavior. The analgesic responses in this model reflect known responses of humans with neuropathic pain. The targeted recombinant human erythropoietin at the ectopic neural lesion appears to alleviate the persistent pain behavior in the GEL™ model rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary R Hannaman
- NeuroDigm Corporation, Colorado Springs, CO, 80906, USA.,Department of Integrative Physiology, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, 76107, USA
| | - Douglas A Fitts
- Office of Animal Welfare, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Rose M Doss
- Department of Biology, University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, CO, 80918, USA
| | | | - Joseph L Bryant
- Animal Model Division, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
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Hannaman MR, Fitts DA, Doss RM, Weinstein DE, Bryant JL. The refined biomimetic NeuroDigm GEL™ Model of neuropathic pain in the mature rat. F1000Res 2016; 5:2516. [DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.9544.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background:Many humans suffering with chronic pain have no clinical evidence of a lesion or disease. They are managed with a morass of drugs and invasive procedures. Opiates usually become less effective over time. In many, their persistent pain occurs after the healing of a soft tissue injury. Current animal models of neuropathic pain typically create direct neural damage with open surgeries using ligatures, neurectomies, chemicals or other forms of deliberate trauma. However, we have observed clinically that after an injury in humans, the naturally occurring process of tissue repair can cause chronic neural pain.Methods:We demonstrate how the refined biomimetic NeuroDigm GEL™ Model, in the mature male rat, gradually induces neuropathic pain behavior with a nonsurgical percutaneous implant of tissue-derived hydrogel in the musculo-fascial tunnel of the distal tibial nerve. Morphine, Celecoxib, Gabapentin and Duloxetine were each screened in the model three times each over 5 months after pain behaviors developed. A pilot study followed in which recombinant human erythropoietin was applied to the GEL neural procedure site.Results:The GEL Model gradually developed neuropathic pain behavior lasting months. Morphine, initially effective, had less analgesia over time. Celecoxib produced no analgesia, while gabapentin and duloxetine at low doses had profound analgesia at all times tested. The injected erythropoietin markedly decreased bilateral pain behavior that had been present for over 4 months. Histology revealed a site of focal neural remodeling, with neural regeneration, as in human biopsies.Conclusion:The refined NeuroDigm GEL™ Model induces localized neural remodeling resulting in robust neuropathic pain behavior. The analgesics responses in this model reflect known responses of humans with neuropathic pain. The targeted recombinant human erythropoietin appears to heal the ectopic focal neural site, as demonstrated by the extinguishing of neuropathic pain behavior present for over 4 months.
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The effect of low-level laser therapy on non-surgical periodontal treatment: a randomized controlled, single-blind, split-mouth clinical trial. Lasers Med Sci 2016; 31:1767-1773. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-016-2047-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Light-Emitting Diode Phototherapy Reduces Nocifensive Behavior Induced by Thermal and Chemical Noxious Stimuli in Mice: Evidence for the Involvement of Capsaicin-Sensitive Central Afferent Fibers. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:3205-3218. [PMID: 27056078 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-9887-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Low-intensity phototherapy using light fonts, like light-emitting diode (LED), in the red to infrared spectrum is a promising alternative for the treatment of pain. However, the underlying mechanisms by which LED phototherapy reduces acute pain are not yet well understood. This study investigated the analgesic effect of multisource LED phototherapy on the acute nocifensive behavior of mice induced by thermal and chemical noxious stimuli. The involvement of central afferent C fibers sensitive to capsaicin in this effect was also investigated. Mice exposed to multisource LED (output power 234, 390, or 780 mW and power density 10.4, 17.3, and 34.6 mW/cm2, respectively, from 10 to 30 min of stimulation with a wavelength of 890 nm) showed rapid and significant reductions in formalin- and acetic acid-induced nocifensive behavior. This effect gradually reduced but remained significant for up to 7 h after LED treatment in the last model used. Moreover, LED (390 mW, 17.3 mW/cm2/20 min) irradiation also reduced nocifensive behavior in mice due to chemical [endogenous (i.e., glutamate, prostaglandins, and bradykinin) or exogenous (i.e., formalin, acetic acid, TRPs and ASIC agonist, and protein kinase A and C activators)] and thermal (hot plate test) stimuli. Finally, ablating central afferent C fibers abolished LED analgesia. These experimental results indicate that LED phototherapy reduces the acute painful behavior of animals caused by chemical and thermal stimuli and that LED analgesia depends on the integrity of central afferent C fibers sensitive to capsaicin. These findings provide new information regarding the underlying mechanism by which LED phototherapy reduces acute pain. Thus, LED phototherapy may be an important tool for the management of acute pain.
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Role of low-level laser therapy on the cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction: A systematic review of experimental studies. Life Sci 2016; 151:109-114. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.02.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Mendoza-Garcia J, Sebastian A, Alonso-Rasgado T, Bayat A. Optimization of an ex vivo wound healing model in the adult human skin: Functional evaluation using photodynamic therapy. Wound Repair Regen 2015; 23:685-702. [PMID: 26094764 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Revised: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Limited utility of in vitro tests and animal models of human repair, create a demand for alternative models of cutaneous healing capable of functional testing. The adult human skin Wound Healing Organ Culture (WHOC) provides a useful model, to study repair and enable evaluation of therapies such as the photodynamic therapy (PDT). Thus, the aim here was to identify the optimal WHOC model and to evaluate the role of PDT in repair. Wound geometry, system of support, and growth media, cellular and matrix biomarkers were investigated in WHOC models. Subsequently, cellular activity, extracellular matrix remodeling, and oxidative stress plus gene and protein levels of makers of wound repair measured the effect of PDT on the optimized WHOC. WHOCs embedded in collagen and supplemented DMEM were better organized showing stratified epidermis and compact dermis with developing neo-epidermis. Post-PDT, the advancing reepithelialization tongue was 3.5 folds longer, and was highly proliferative with CK-14 plus p16 increased (p < 0.05) compared to controls. The neo-epidermis was fully differentiated forming neo-collagen. Proliferating nuclear antigen, p16, COLI, COLIII, MMP3, MMP19, and α-SMA were significantly more expressed (p < 0.05) in dermis surrounding the healing wound. In conclusion, an optimal model of WHOC treated with PDT shows increased reepithelialization and extracellular matrix reconstruction and remodeling, supporting evidence toward development of an optimal ex vivo wound healing model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenifer Mendoza-Garcia
- Bioengineering Group, School of Materials.,Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Research Group, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology (MIB)
| | - Anil Sebastian
- Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Research Group, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology (MIB)
| | | | - Ardeshir Bayat
- Bioengineering Group, School of Materials.,Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Research Group, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology (MIB).,Center for Dermatology, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Sidgwick GP, McGeorge D, Bayat A. A comprehensive evidence-based review on the role of topicals and dressings in the management of skin scarring. Arch Dermatol Res 2015; 307:461-77. [PMID: 26044054 PMCID: PMC4506744 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-015-1572-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Revised: 04/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Wound healing after dermal injury is an imperfect process, inevitably leading to scar formation as the skin re-establishes its integrity. The resulting scars have different characteristics to normal skin, ranging from fine-line asymptomatic scars to problematic scarring including hypertrophic and keloid scars. Scars appear as a different colour to the surrounding skin and can be flat, stretched, depressed or raised, manifesting a range of symptoms including inflammation, erythema, dryness and pruritus, which can result in significant psychosocial impact on patients and their quality of life. In this paper, a comprehensive literature review coupled with an analysis of levels of evidence (LOE) for each published treatment type was conducted. Topical treatments identified include imiquimod, mitomycin C and plant extracts such as onion extract, green tea, Aloe vera, vitamin E and D, applied to healing wounds, mature scar tissue or fibrotic scars following revision surgery, or in combination with other more established treatments such as steroid injections and silicone. In total, 39 articles were included, involving 1703 patients. There was limited clinical evidence to support their efficacy; the majority of articles (n = 23) were ranked as category 4 LOE, being of limited quality with individual flaws, including low patient numbers, poor randomisation, blinding, and short follow-up periods. As trials were performed in different settings, they were difficult to compare. In conclusion, there is an unmet clinical need for effective solutions to skin scarring, more robust long-term randomised trials and a consensus on a standardised treatment regime to address all aspects of scarring.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. P. Sidgwick
- />Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Research, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN UK
| | - D. McGeorge
- />Grosvenor Nuffield Hospital, Wrexham Road, Chester, CH4 7QP England, UK
| | - A. Bayat
- />Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Research, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN UK
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Low Reactive Level Laser Therapy for Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Therapies. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2015:974864. [PMID: 26273309 PMCID: PMC4529981 DOI: 10.1155/2015/974864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Low reactive level laser therapy (LLLT) is mainly focused on the activation of intracellular or extracellular chromophore and the initiation of cellular signaling by using low power lasers. Over the past forty years, it was realized that the laser therapy had the potential to improve wound healing and reduce pain and inflammation. In recent years, the term LLLT has become widely recognized in the field of regenerative medicine. In this review, we will describe the mechanisms of action of LLLT at a cellular level and introduce the application to mesenchymal stem cells and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) therapies. Finally, our recent research results that LLLT enhanced the MSCs differentiation to osteoblast will also be described.
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Dos Reis JA, Dos Santos JN, Barreto BS, de Assis PN, Almeida PF, Pinheiro ALB. Photodynamic Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (PACT) in osteomyelitis induced by Staphylococcus aureus: Microbiological and histological study. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2015; 149:235-42. [PMID: 26111990 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2015.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Osteomyelitis is an inflammation either of medullar spaces or of the surface of cortical bones, which represents a bacterial infection. Photodynamic Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (PACT) is a treatment based on a cytotoxic photochemical reaction that induces a series of metabolic reactions and culminates in bacterial suppression. Such effect led to the idea that it could be used as a treatment of osteomyelitis. Following approval by the Animal Experimentation Committee of the School of Dentistry of the Federal University of Bahia, the present randomized study used eighty Wistar rats with the aim to evaluate, by microbiological and histological analysis, the effects of Photodynamic Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - PACT on tibial surgical bone defects in rats infected by Staphylococcus aureus. The animals were divided in groups: Control (non-infected); Control Osteomyelitis Induction; Saline solution; Photosensitizer; Red Laser and PACT - on this group, a diode laser (40mW; λ660nm ∅=0.04cm(2), CW, 10J/cm(2)) was used in combination with 5μg/ml of toluidine blue as the photosensitizer. On the microbiological study, immediately after treatment, the PACT group presented a bacterial reduction of 97.4% (p<0.001). Thirty days after treatment, there was a bacterial reduction of more than 99.9% (p<0.001). In the histological study, it was observed that the PACT group demonstrated an intense presence of osteocytes and absence of bone sequestration and micro-abscesses. The PACT using toluidine blue was effective in reducing the number of S. aureus enabling a better quality bone repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Alves Dos Reis
- Center of Biophotonics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA 40110-150, Brazil.
| | - Jean Nunes Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Surgical Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA 40110-150, Brazil.
| | - Brunna Santos Barreto
- Center of Biophotonics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA 40110-150, Brazil.
| | - Patrícia Nascimento de Assis
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Ecology of Microorganism, Institute of Health Science, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA 40110-100, Brazil.
| | - Paulo Fernando Almeida
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Ecology of Microorganism, Institute of Health Science, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA 40110-100, Brazil.
| | - Antônio Luiz Barbosa Pinheiro
- Center of Biophotonics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA 40110-150, Brazil; National Institute of Optics and Photonics, University of São Paulo, Physics Institute of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP 13560-970, Brazil; Camilo Castelo Branco University, Núcleo do Parque Tecnológico de São José dos Campos, São José dos Campos, SP 12247-004, Brazil.
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Mendoza-Garcia J, Sebastian A, Alonso-Rasgado T, Bayat A. Ex vivo evaluation of the effect of photodynamic therapy on skin scars and striae distensae. PHOTODERMATOLOGY PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2015; 31:239-51. [PMID: 25847252 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skin scars and striae distensae (SD) are common dermal disorders with ill-defined treatment options. There is emerging clinical evidence for use of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in treating skin fibrosis. Therefore, the aim here was to investigate the effect of PDT on skin scars and SD in an ex vivo model of human skin scarring. METHODS Photodynamic therapy, with 5ALA or MALA in addition to illumination with 40 J/cm(2) of red light, was applied to striae alba, fine line, hypertrophic and keloid scars ex vivo (n = 18). General morphology was assessed by H&E, Herovici's and Weigert's differential staining. Apoptosis, proliferation, metalloproteinase 3 and tropoelastin expression were quantified immunohistochemically, and differential gene expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), collagen (COL) type I and type III, matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP3) and tropoelastin (ELN) was assessed by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Apoptosis increased, which correlated with decreased proliferation and PCNA gene expression. Post-PDT, matrix components were found to be re-organised in both hypertrophic and keloid scars. COLI and COLIII gene expression levels decreased, whilst MMP3 and ELN increased significantly post-PDT compared to normal skin and untreated controls (P < 0.05). However, no significant difference between 5ALA and MALA-PDT treatments was observed. CONCLUSION Using our unique ex vivo model, we show for the first time morphological and cellular effect of application of PDT, which correlates with the degree and severity of dermal fibrosis. In view of this, PDT may be ideal in targeting treatment of abnormal skin scarring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenifer Mendoza-Garcia
- Bioengineering Group, School of Materials, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery Research Group, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology (MIB), The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Anil Sebastian
- Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery Research Group, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology (MIB), The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Teresa Alonso-Rasgado
- Bioengineering Group, School of Materials, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Ardeshir Bayat
- Bioengineering Group, School of Materials, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery Research Group, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology (MIB), The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,University Hospital of South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Centre for Dermatology, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
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Pan X, Xie J, Li Z, Chen M, Wang M, Wang PN, Chen L, Mi L. Enhancement of the photokilling effect of aluminum phthalocyanine in photodynamic therapy by conjugating with nitrogen-doped TiO2 nanoparticles. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 130:292-8. [PMID: 25935263 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
As a second-generation photodynamic therapy (PDT) photosensitizer, aluminum phthalocyanine chloride tetrasulfonate (Pc) has gained great attention due to its high absorption at the red light region. Yet, its application in PDT is strongly limited by its low cellular uptake efficiency. In this report, nitrogen-doped TiO2 nanoparticles (N-TiO2) conjugated with Pc are synthesized by a two-step surface modification method. The N-TiO2-Pc products are characterized by Zeta potential, transmission electron microscopy and UV-vis absorption spectroscopy. The cellular uptake, intracellular distribution, cytotoxicity and the photokilling effect of the nanoparticles are studied on different cancer cell lines. Compared with Pc, the absorption spectrum of N-TiO2-Pc expands from red to UV region, resulting in a higher production of reactive oxygen species under visible light irradiation. In addition, the cellular uptake of Pc is largely improved by its carrier N-TiO2. The photokilling efficiency of N-TiO2-Pc is over ten times higher than that of Pc. The results suggest that N-TiO2-Pc is an excellent candidate as a photosensitizer in PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Pan
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultra-Precision Optical Manufacturing, Green Photoelectron Platform, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Jin Xie
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultra-Precision Optical Manufacturing, Green Photoelectron Platform, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultra-Precision Optical Manufacturing, Green Photoelectron Platform, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Maxin Chen
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultra-Precision Optical Manufacturing, Green Photoelectron Platform, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Mengyan Wang
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultra-Precision Optical Manufacturing, Green Photoelectron Platform, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Pei-Nan Wang
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultra-Precision Optical Manufacturing, Green Photoelectron Platform, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Li Chen
- School of Arts and Sciences, MCPHS University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lan Mi
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultra-Precision Optical Manufacturing, Green Photoelectron Platform, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, PR China.
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Giuliani A, Lorenzini L, Alessandri M, Torricella R, Baldassarro VA, Giardino L, Calzà L. In vitro exposure to very low-level laser modifies expression level of extracellular matrix protein RNAs and mitochondria dynamics in mouse embryonic fibroblasts. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 15:78. [PMID: 25886934 PMCID: PMC4387590 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-015-0593-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Low-level lasers working at 633 or 670 nm and emitting extremely low power densities (Ultra Low Level Lasers - ULLL) exert an overall effect of photobiostimulation on cellular metabolism and energy balance. In previous studies, it was demonstrated that ULLL pulsed emission mode regulates neurite elongation in vitro and exerts protective action against oxidative stress. Methods In this study the action of ULLL supplied in both pulsed and continuous mode vs continuous LLL on fibroblast cultures (Mouse Embryonic Fibroblast-MEF) was tested, focusing on mitochondria network and the expression level of mRNA encoding for proteins involved in the cell-matrix adhesion. Results It was shown that ULLL at 670 nm, at extremely low average power output (0.21 mW/ cm2) and dose (4.3 mJ/ cm2), when dispensed in pulsed mode (PW), but not in continuous mode (CW) supplied at both at very low (0.21 mW/cm2) and low levels (500 mW/cm2), modifies mitochondria network dynamics, as well as expression level of mRNA encoding for selective matrix proteins in MEF, e.g. collagen type 1α1 and integrin α5. Conclusions We suggest that pulsatility, but not energy density, is crucial in regulating expression level of collagen I and integrin α5 in fibroblasts by ULLL.
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InGaP 670-nm laser therapy combined with a hydroalcoholic extract of Solidago chilensis Meyen in burn injuries. Lasers Med Sci 2015; 30:1069-79. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-014-1707-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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A clinical study of photodynamic therapy for chronic skin ulcers in lower limbs infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Arch Dermatol Res 2014; 307:49-55. [DOI: 10.1007/s00403-014-1520-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Revised: 09/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Rudenko TG, Shekhter AB, Guller AE, Aksenova NA, Glagolev NN, Ivanov AV, Aboyants RK, Kotova SL, Solovieva AB. Specific features of early stage of the wound healing process occurring against the background of photodynamic therapy using fotoditazin photosensitizer-amphiphilic polymer complexes. Photochem Photobiol 2014; 90:1413-22. [PMID: 25185511 DOI: 10.1111/php.12340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing demand on the studies of the wound healing potentials of photodynamic therapy. Here we analyze the effects of Fotoditazin, an e6 chlorine derivative, and its complexes with amphiphilic polymers, on the early stage of wound healing in a rat model. A skin excision wound model with prevented contraction was developed in male albino rats divided into eight groups according to the treatment mode. All animals received injections of one of the studied compositions into their wound beds and underwent low-intensity laser irradiation or stayed un-irradiated. The clinical monitoring and histological examination of the wounds were performed. It has been found that all the Fotoditazin formulations have significant effects on the early stage of wound healing. The superposition of the inflammation and regeneration was the main difference between groups. The aqueous solution of Fotoditazin alone induced a significant capillary hemorrhage, while its combinations with amphiphilic polymers did not. The best clinical and morphological results were obtained for the Fotoditazin-Pluronic F127 composition. Compositions of Fotoditazin and amphiphilic polymers, especially Pluronic F127, probably, have a great potential for therapy of wounds. Their effects can be attributed to the increased regeneration and suppressed reactions changes at the early stages of repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana G Rudenko
- I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
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Percival SL, Suleman L, Francolini I, Donelli G. The effectiveness of photodynamic therapy on planktonic cells and biofilms and its role in wound healing. Future Microbiol 2014; 9:1083-94. [DOI: 10.2217/fmb.14.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is the application of a photoactive dye followed by irradiation that leads to the death of microbial cells in the presence of oxygen. Its use for controlling biofilms has been documented in many areas, particularly oral care. However, the potential use of PDT in the treatment of chronic wound-associated microbial biofilms has sparked much interest in the field of wound care. The aim of this article is to provide an overview on the effectiveness of PDT on in vitro and in vivo biofilms, their potential application in both the prevention and management of wound biofilm infections and their prospective role in the enhancement of wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven L Percival
- Surface Science Research Centre, University of Liverpool, Liverpool. UK
- Institute of Ageing & Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool. UK
| | - Louise Suleman
- Institute of Ageing & Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool. UK
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dos Reis JA, de Carvalho FB, Trindade RF, de Assis PN, de Almeida PF, Pinheiro ALB. A new preclinical approach for treating chronic osteomyelitis induced by Staphylococcus aureus: in vitro and in vivo study on photodynamic antimicrobial therapy (PAmT). Lasers Med Sci 2013; 29:789-95. [PMID: 23979801 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-013-1422-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Osteomyelitis is an acute or chronic inflammation in the marrow spaces in the superficial or cortical bone, and can be associated with bacterial or fungal infections. Chronic osteomyelitis represents a major health problem due to its difficult treatment and increased morbidity. Photodynamic antimicrobial therapy (PAmT) is a treatment based on a cytotoxic photochemical reaction in which a bright light produced by a laser system and an active photosensitizer absorbed by cells leads to a process of activation that induces a series of metabolic reactions that culminates a bacterial killing. The aim of the present randomized study was to evaluate, by in vitro and in vivo microbiological analysis, the effects of PAmT on tibial surgical bone defects in rats infected by Staphylococcus aureus using bacterial counts carried out immediately and after 30 days after treatment as outcome measure. In the preliminary in vitro study, a diode laser (λ660 nm; 40 mW; ϕ = 0.4 cm(2); 5 or 10 J/cm(2)) and 5, 10, and 15 μg/mL toluidine blue were tested, and the best parameter was chosen for the in vivo study. The concentration of 5 μg/mL was selected to perform the decontamination of S. aureus-infected tibial bone defects in rats. The findings were subjected to statistical analysis. For all PAmTs groups, with the different concentrations, treatment showed significant reductions (p < 0.001) in the amount of bacteria. The in vivo study PAmT group presented a bacterial reduction of 97.4% (p < 0.001). The PAmT using toluidine blue was effective in reducing the number of S. aureus in both in vitro and in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Alves dos Reis
- Center of Biophotonics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, 62 Araujo Pinho Ave, Canela, Salvador, Bahia, 40110-150, Brazil,
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Freitas RPDA, Barcelos APMD, Nóbrega BMD, Macedo AB, Oliveira ARD, Ramos AMDO, Vieira WHDB. Laserterapia e microcorrente na cicatrização de queimadura em ratos: terapias associadas ou isoladas? FISIOTERAPIA E PESQUISA 2013. [DOI: 10.1590/s1809-29502013000100005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Este estudo teve o objetivo de investigar se há diferenças entre as terapias associadas e isoladas do laser e microcorrentes no reparo de lesão por queimadura em ratos. Um total de 40 animais foi dividido aleatoriamente em quatro grupos: grupo controle (GC); grupo microcorrente (GM), grupo laser (GL) e grupo laser/microcorrente (GLM), tratados com laser associado a microcorrentes. Após lesões térmicas induzidas no dorso do animal, foi realizado um total de dez dias de tratamento. Amostras do tecido foram coletadas para estudo histopatológico semiquantitativo com Hematoxilina Eosina e Tricrômico de Masson. Foram utilizados os testes de Kruskal-Wallis e post-hoc de Dunn. Houve diferença significativa entre os grupos para a produção de fibroblastos (p=0,0003), colágeno (p=0,0153), neoangiogênese (p=0,0031) e anexos cutâneos (p=0,0004). Na análise histológica semiquantitativa, o GLM apresentou valores menores nos parâmetros histológicos de presença de colágeno, número de fibroblastos e anexos cutâneos (p<0,05) em relação às terapias isoladas, exceto para a neoangiogênese, cujos valores da terapia associada foram semelhantes aos grupos de terapia com modalidade única. Apesar do laser e da microcorrente separadamente terem efeitos benéficos para a cicatrização tecidual, a associação das modalidades parece ter diminuído a ação de reparo. No entanto, sugere-se que a associação destes recursos parece diminuir os efeitos do tratamento quando se comparam os grupos de modalidade única.
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Shining light on nanotechnology to help repair and regeneration. Biotechnol Adv 2012; 31:607-31. [PMID: 22951919 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2012.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2012] [Revised: 08/10/2012] [Accepted: 08/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Phototherapy can be used in two completely different but complementary therapeutic applications. While low level laser (or light) therapy (LLLT) uses red or near-infrared light alone to reduce inflammation, pain and stimulate tissue repair and regeneration, photodynamic therapy (PDT) uses the combination of light plus non-toxic dyes (called photosensitizers) to produce reactive oxygen species that can kill infectious microorganisms and cancer cells or destroy unwanted tissue (neo-vascularization in the choroid, atherosclerotic plaques in the arteries). The recent development of nanotechnology applied to medicine (nanomedicine) has opened a new front of advancement in the field of phototherapy and has provided hope for the development of nanoscale drug delivery platforms for effective killing of pathological cells and to promote repair and regeneration. Despite the well-known beneficial effects of phototherapy and nanomaterials in producing the killing of unwanted cells and promoting repair and regeneration, there are few reports that combine all three elements i.e. phototherapy, nanotechnology and, tissue repair and regeneration. However, these areas in all possible binary combinations have been addressed by many workers. The present review aims at highlighting the combined multi-model applications of phototherapy, nanotechnology and, reparative and regeneration medicine and outlines current strategies, future applications and limitations of nanoscale-assisted phototherapy for the management of cancers, microbial infections and other diseases, and to promote tissue repair and regeneration.
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