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Colombo E, Signore A, Aicardi S, Zekiy A, Utyuzh A, Benedicenti S, Amaroli A. Experimental and Clinical Applications of Red and Near-Infrared Photobiomodulation on Endothelial Dysfunction: A Review. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9030274. [PMID: 33803396 PMCID: PMC7998572 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9030274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Under physiological conditions, endothelial cells are the main regulator of arterial tone homeostasis and vascular growth, sensing and transducing signals between tissue and blood. Disease risk factors can lead to their unbalanced homeostasis, known as endothelial dysfunction. Red and near-infrared light can interact with animal cells and modulate their metabolism upon interaction with mitochondria's cytochromes, which leads to increased oxygen consumption, ATP production and ROS, as well as to regulate NO release and intracellular Ca2+ concentration. This medical subject is known as photobiomodulation (PBM). We present a review of the literature on the in vitro and in vivo effects of PBM on endothelial dysfunction. METHODS A search strategy was developed consistent with the PRISMA statement. The PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and Scholar electronic databases were consulted to search for in vitro and in vivo studies. RESULTS Fifty out of >12,000 articles were selected. CONCLUSIONS The PBM can modulate endothelial dysfunction, improving inflammation, angiogenesis, and vasodilatation. Among the studies, 808 nm and 18 J (0.2 W, 2.05 cm2) intracoronary irradiation can prevent restenosis as well as 645 nm and 20 J (0.25 W, 2 cm2) can stimulate angiogenesis. PBM can also support hypertension cure. However, more extensive randomised controlled trials are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban Colombo
- Laser Therapy Centre, Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (E.C.); (A.S.); (S.B.)
| | - Antonio Signore
- Laser Therapy Centre, Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (E.C.); (A.S.); (S.B.)
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Stefano Aicardi
- Department for the Earth, Environment and Life Sciences, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Angelina Zekiy
- Department of Orthopaedic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.Z.); (A.U.)
| | - Anatoliy Utyuzh
- Department of Orthopaedic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.Z.); (A.U.)
| | - Stefano Benedicenti
- Laser Therapy Centre, Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (E.C.); (A.S.); (S.B.)
| | - Andrea Amaroli
- Laser Therapy Centre, Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (E.C.); (A.S.); (S.B.)
- Department of Orthopaedic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.Z.); (A.U.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-010-3537309
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da Glória Karan Marquetti Marquetti M, de Mello Pinto MV, Ronis A, Rocha LLV, Silva JG, Chi A, Costa DA. Photodynamic Therapy in the Healing of the Areolo-Papillary Complex after Mastectomy—Case Report. Health (London) 2018. [DOI: 10.4236/health.2018.103026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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de Barros Araújo Júnior R, Gonzaga ICA, Fernandes GA, Lima ACG, Cortelazzi PST, de Oliveira RA, Nicolau RA. Low-intensity LED therapy (λ 640 ± 20 nm) on saphenectomy healing in patients who underwent coronary artery bypass graft: a randomized, double-blind study. Lasers Med Sci 2017; 33:103-109. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-017-2354-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Gonzaga ICA, Araújo RDB, Lima ACG, Fernandes GA, Cortellazi PS, Oliveira RAD, Nicolau RA. Effectiveness of Low-Intensity Laser Therapy on Tissue Repair Following Saphenectomy in Patients Who Underwent Coronary Artery Bypass Graft: A Randomized, Double-Blind Study. Photomed Laser Surg 2017; 36:18-23. [PMID: 29023185 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2017.4329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To verify the effectiveness of low-intensity laser therapy (LLLT) on tissue repair following saphenectomy during postoperative period in patients having undergone coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). MATERIALS AND METHODS A randomized clinical trial, controlled and double-blind study was conducted with 40 volunteers, divided into 2 groups: a placebo group (PG, n = 20) and a laser group (LG, n = 20). The patients in the LG group were irradiated with laser during saphenectomy (InGaAlP, λ 660 nm, energy density 6 J/cm2) daily from the first to the fourth postoperative day. The surgical incision was clinically evaluated and imaged at the beginning and at the end of the treatment. The areas of hematoma and hyperemia were evaluated using the software ImageJ 1.4©, and border closure was evaluated by three researchers, who were blinded concerning the allocation of the participants. RESULTS The LG group presented a reduction of the areas of hematoma and hyperemia (p = 0.0003) and better border closure (p = 0.009), when compared with the PG group. CONCLUSIONS The proposed LLLT protocol improved the tissue repair following saphenectomy in CABG patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Clarisse Albuquerque Gonzaga
- 1 Lasertherapy and Photobiology Center, Research and Development Institute , IP&D, Universidade do Vale do Paraíba, UNIVAP, São Paulo, Brazil .,2 Uninovafapi College , Department of Physical Therapy, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | | | - Andréa Conceição Gomes Lima
- 1 Lasertherapy and Photobiology Center, Research and Development Institute , IP&D, Universidade do Vale do Paraíba, UNIVAP, São Paulo, Brazil .,4 University of Piauí State (UESPI) , Center of Health Sciences, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Gilderlene Alves Fernandes
- 1 Lasertherapy and Photobiology Center, Research and Development Institute , IP&D, Universidade do Vale do Paraíba, UNIVAP, São Paulo, Brazil .,2 Uninovafapi College , Department of Physical Therapy, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | | | - Rauirys Alencar de Oliveira
- 2 Uninovafapi College , Department of Physical Therapy, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil .,6 Department of Health Sciences, University of Piauí State (UESPI) , Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Renata Amadei Nicolau
- 1 Lasertherapy and Photobiology Center, Research and Development Institute , IP&D, Universidade do Vale do Paraíba, UNIVAP, São Paulo, Brazil
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Fernandes GA, Araújo Júnior RDB, Lima ACG, Gonzaga ICA, de Oliveira RA, Nicolau RA. Low-intensity laser (660 NM) has analgesic effects on sternotomy of patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafts. Ann Card Anaesth 2017; 20:52-56. [PMID: 28074796 PMCID: PMC5290696 DOI: 10.4103/0971-9784.197836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of low-level laser therapy for reducing the acute pain of sternotomy in patients who underwent a coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). Methods: This study was conducted with ninety volunteers who electively submitted to CABG. The volunteers were randomly allocated into three groups of equal size (n = 30): control, placebo, and laser (λ of 660 nm and spatial average energy fluency of 1.06 J/cm2). Pain when coughing was assessed by a visual analog scale (VAS) and McGill Pain Questionnaire, according to sensory, affective, evaluative, and miscellaneous domains. The patients were followed for 1 month after the surgery. Results: The laser group had a greater decrease in pain with analogous results, as indicated by both the VAS and the McGill questionnaire (P ≤ 0.05) on sensory and affective scores, on days 6 and 8 postsurgery compared to the placebo and control groups. Conclusion: Laser seems to be effective promoting pain reduction after coronary-arterial bypass grafting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilderlene Alves Fernandes
- Lasertherapy and Photobiology Center, Research and Development Institute, IP&D, Universidade do Vale do Paraíba, São Paulo; Uninovafapi Universitary Center (UNINOVAFAPI), Brazil
| | | | - Andréa Conceição Gomes Lima
- Lasertherapy and Photobiology Center, Research and Development Institute, IP&D, Universidade do Vale do Paraíba, São Paulo; Department of Physical Therapy, University of Piauí State, PI, Brazil
| | - Isabel Clarisse Albuquerque Gonzaga
- Lasertherapy and Photobiology Center, Research and Development Institute, IP&D, Universidade do Vale do Paraíba, São Paulo; Uninovafapi Universitary Center (UNINOVAFAPI), Brazil
| | - Rauirys Alencar de Oliveira
- Uninovafapi Universitary Center (UNINOVAFAPI); Department of Physical Therapy, University of Piauí State, PI, Brazil
| | - Renata Amadei Nicolau
- Lasertherapy and Photobiology Center, Research and Development Institute, IP&D, Universidade do Vale do Paraíba, São Paulo, Brazil
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Low-intensity laser (660 nm) on sternotomy healing in patients who underwent coronary artery bypass graft: a randomized, double-blind study. Lasers Med Sci 2016; 31:1907-1913. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-016-2069-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Lima ACG, Fernandes GA, de Barros Araújo R, Gonzaga IC, de Oliveira RA, Nicolau RA. Photobiomodulation (Laser and LED) on Sternotomy Healing in Hyperglycemic and Normoglycemic Patients Who Underwent Coronary Bypass Surgery with Internal Mammary Artery Grafts: A Randomized, Double-Blind Study with Follow-Up. Photomed Laser Surg 2016; 35:24-31. [PMID: 27564925 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2016.4143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE This study aimed at analyzing the healing effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) (λ620 nm, 6 J/cm2) and light-emitting diode (LED) therapy (λ640 nm, 6 J/cm2) on the longitudinal sternotomy incisions of hyperglycemic and normoglycemic patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). MATERIALS AND METHODS 120 volunteers were electively submitted to CABG and were randomly allocated into four different groups of equal size (n = 30): control, placebo, laser (λ of 640 nm and spatial average energy fluency [SAEF] of 1.06 J/cm2), and LED (λ of 660 ± 20 nm and SAEF of 0.24 J/cm2). Laser and LED groups were irradiated from the second to eighth day postsurgery, and sternotomy incision was photographically registered. Then, participants were also separated into hyperglycemic and normoglycemic groups, according to their fasting blood glucose test before surgery. Three researchers blindly analyzed the incision photographs to determine hyperemia and wound closure at the first day of hospital discharge (eighth postoperative day). RESULTS LLLT and LED groups had similarly less hyperemia and less incision bleeding or dehiscence (p ≤ 0.005) and the outcomes were also analogous between hyperglycemic and normoglycemic patients, which indicates no difference observed in an intragroup analysis (p ≥ 0.05). CONCLUSIONS With the present therapy parameters, it may be assumed that both coherent light (laser) and non-coherent light (LED) are effective in promoting sternotomy and healing acceleration, which are evident on the eighth day postsurgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andréa Conceição Gomes Lima
- 1 Lasertherapy and Photobiology Center, Research and Development Institute, IP&D, Universidade do Vale do Paraíba , UNIVAP, São Paulo, Brazil .,2 University of Piauí State (UESPI) , Teresina, Brazil
| | - Gilderlene Alves Fernandes
- 1 Lasertherapy and Photobiology Center, Research and Development Institute, IP&D, Universidade do Vale do Paraíba , UNIVAP, São Paulo, Brazil .,3 Uninovafapi College , Teresina, Brazil
| | - Raimundo de Barros Araújo
- 4 Department of Cardiac Surgery, Santa Maria Hospital, University of Piauí State (UESPI) , Teresina, Brazil
| | - Isabel Clarisse Gonzaga
- 1 Lasertherapy and Photobiology Center, Research and Development Institute, IP&D, Universidade do Vale do Paraíba , UNIVAP, São Paulo, Brazil .,3 Uninovafapi College , Teresina, Brazil
| | - Rauirys Alencar de Oliveira
- 3 Uninovafapi College , Teresina, Brazil .,5 Department of Health Sciences, University of Piauí State (UESPI) , Teresina, Brazil
| | - Renata Amadei Nicolau
- 1 Lasertherapy and Photobiology Center, Research and Development Institute, IP&D, Universidade do Vale do Paraíba , UNIVAP, São Paulo, Brazil
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França CM, Anders JJ, Lanzafame RJ. Photobiomodulation in Wound Healing: What Are We Not Considering? Photomed Laser Surg 2016; 34:51-2. [DOI: 10.1089/pho.2015.4073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane Miranda França
- Post Graduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Nove de Julho University, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juanita J. Anders
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Genetics, Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
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