1
|
Zealley B, de Grey ADNJ. Commentary on Some Recent Theses Relevant to Combating Aging: April 2020. Rejuvenation Res 2021; 23:176-183. [PMID: 32237965 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2020.2334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Theses reviewed in this issue include "Advanced Imaging Technologies for Combined Biomedical Ultrasound and Photoacoustic Imaging," "Engineering Bispecific Chimeric Antigen Receptors to Improve the Efficacy of Adoptive T-Cell Therapy," "Il-36 Gamma Promotes Anti-Tumor Immunity Through Therapeutic Induction of Tumor-Associated Tertiary Lymphoid Structures," "Investigating the Role of Matrix Vesicles During Aortic Valve Interstitial Cell Calcification," "Local Delivery of Cyclosporine and Erythropoietin Promotes Functional Recovery in a Rodent Model of Stroke Injury by Endogenous Tissue Repair," and "Targeting Primary Cilia-Mediated Mechanotransduction to Promote Whole Bone Formation."
Collapse
|
2
|
Lasigliè D. Sirtuins and the prevention of immunosenescence. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2021; 115:221-264. [PMID: 33706950 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2020.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Aging of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) has been largely described as one underlying cause of senescence of the immune-hematopoietic system (immunosenescence). A set of well-defined hallmarks characterizes aged HSCs contributing to unbalanced hematopoiesis and aging-associated functional alterations of both branches of the immune system. In this chapter, the contribution of sirtuins, a family of conserved NAD+ dependent deacetylases with key roles in metabolism, genome integrity, aging and lifespan, to immunosenescence, will be addressed. In particular, the role of SIRT6 will be deeply analyzed highlighting a multifaceted part of this deacetylase in HSCs aging as well as in the immunosenescence of dendritic cells (DCs). These and other emerging data are currently paving the way for future design and development of rejuvenation means aiming at rescuing age-related changes in immune function in the elderly and combating age-associated hematopoietic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Denise Lasigliè
- Istituto Comprensivo "Franco Marro", Ministero dell'Istruzione Ministero dell'Università e della Ricerca (M.I.U.R), Villar Perosa, TO, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
de Grey ADNJ. The coming of age of AGE. GeroScience 2020; 42:1449-1450. [PMID: 33247426 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-020-00307-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
|
4
|
Lehmann M, Canatelli-Mallat M, Chiavellini P, Cónsole GM, Gallardo MD, Goya RG. Partial Reprogramming As An Emerging Strategy for Safe Induced Cell Generation and Rejuvenation. Curr Gene Ther 2020; 19:248-254. [PMID: 31475896 DOI: 10.2174/1566523219666190902154511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conventional cell reprogramming involves converting a somatic cell line into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC), which subsequently can be re-differentiated to specific somatic cell types. Alternatively, partial cell reprogramming converts somatic cells into other somatic cell types by transient expression of pluripotency genes thus generating intermediates that retain their original cell identity, but are responsive to appropriate cocktails of specific differentiation factors. Additionally, biological rejuvenation by partial cell reprogramming is an emerging avenue of research. OBJECTIVE Here, we will briefly review the emerging information pointing to partial reprogramming as a suitable strategy to achieve cell reprogramming and rejuvenation, bypassing cell dedifferentiation. METHODS In this context, regulatable pluripotency gene expression systems are the most widely used at present to implement partial cell reprogramming. For instance, we have constructed a regulatable bidirectional adenovector expressing Green Fluorescent Protein and oct4, sox2, klf4 and c-myc genes (known as the Yamanaka genes or OSKM). RESULTS Partial cell reprogramming has been used to reprogram fibroblasts to cardiomyocytes, neural progenitors and neural stem cells. Rejuvenation by cyclic partial reprogramming has been achieved both in vivo and in cell culture using transgenic mice and cells expressing the OSKM genes, respectively, controlled by a regulatable promoter. CONCLUSION Partial reprogramming emerges as a powerful tool for the genesis of iPSC-free induced somatic cells of therapeutic value and for the implementation of in vitro and in vivo rejuvenation keeping cell type identity unchanged.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Lehmann
- INIBIOLP-Pathology B, Faculty of Medicine, UNLP, CC 455 (zip 1900) La Plata, Argentina.,Department of Histology, Cytology and of Embryology B, School of Medicine, University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Martina Canatelli-Mallat
- INIBIOLP-Pathology B, Faculty of Medicine, UNLP, CC 455 (zip 1900) La Plata, Argentina.,Department of Histology, Cytology and of Embryology B, School of Medicine, University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Priscila Chiavellini
- INIBIOLP-Pathology B, Faculty of Medicine, UNLP, CC 455 (zip 1900) La Plata, Argentina.,Department of Histology, Cytology and of Embryology B, School of Medicine, University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Gloria M Cónsole
- Department of Histology, Cytology and of Embryology B, School of Medicine, University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Maria D Gallardo
- INIBIOLP-Pathology B, Faculty of Medicine, UNLP, CC 455 (zip 1900) La Plata, Argentina.,Department of Histology, Cytology and of Embryology B, School of Medicine, University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Rodolfo G Goya
- INIBIOLP-Pathology B, Faculty of Medicine, UNLP, CC 455 (zip 1900) La Plata, Argentina.,Department of Histology, Cytology and of Embryology B, School of Medicine, University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lehmann M, Canatelli-Mallat M, Chiavellini P, Morel GR, Reggiani PC, Hereñú CB, Goya RG. Regulatable adenovector harboring the GFP and Yamanaka genes for implementing regenerative medicine in the brain. Gene Ther 2019; 26:432-440. [PMID: 30770896 DOI: 10.1038/s41434-019-0063-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Biological rejuvenation by partial cell reprogramming is an emerging avenue of research. In this context, regulatable pluripotency gene expression systems are the most widely used at present. We have constructed a regulatable bidirectional adenovector expressing the humanized green fluorescent protein (GFP) and oct4, sox2, klf4, and c-myc genes (known as the Yamanaka genes or OSKM). The OSKM genes are arranged as a bicistronic tandem (hSTEMCCA tandem), which is under the control of a Tet-Off bidirectional promoter that also controls the expression of the gFP gene. Separately, a constitutive cassette expresses the regulatory protein tTA. Vector DNA was transfected in HEK293 Cre cells, which were additionally infected with the helper adenovector H14, unable to package its DNA due to the Cre recombinase produced by the HEK293 Cre cells. The newly generated vector was expanded by six iterated coinfections of the above cells which were lysed at the end of the process and the adenovector purified by ultracentrifugation in a CsCl gradient. The titer of the initial preparation was 1.2 × 1012 physical viral particles/ml. As expected, GFP fluorescence in vector-transduced rat fibroblast cultures declined with the dose of doxycycline (DOX) present in the medium. Immunocytochemical analysis of transduced cells confirmed the expression of the four Yamanaka genes. Additionally, 3 days after vector injection in the hypothalamus of rats, a significant level of fluorescence was observed in the region. Addition of 2 mg/ml DOX to the drinking water reduced the GFP expression. This adenovector constitutes a promising tool for implementing nonintegrative partial cell reprogramming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Lehmann
- Institute for Biochemical Research (INIBIOLP)-Histology B & Pathology B, School of Medicine, National University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Martina Canatelli-Mallat
- Institute for Biochemical Research (INIBIOLP)-Histology B & Pathology B, School of Medicine, National University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Priscila Chiavellini
- Institute for Biochemical Research (INIBIOLP)-Histology B & Pathology B, School of Medicine, National University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Gustavo R Morel
- Institute for Biochemical Research (INIBIOLP)-Histology B & Pathology B, School of Medicine, National University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Paula C Reggiani
- Institute for Biochemical Research (INIBIOLP)-Histology B & Pathology B, School of Medicine, National University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Claudia B Hereñú
- Institute for Experimental Pharmacology Cordoba (IFEC), School of Chemical Sciences, National University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina
| | - Rodolfo G Goya
- Institute for Biochemical Research (INIBIOLP)-Histology B & Pathology B, School of Medicine, National University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|