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Alves AKS, Lanzoni V, Fuziy RA, Franco RMAMM, Maeda CT, Lopes GDJ, Linhares MM. Does mesenchymal stem cell improve the liver regeneration after the 70% hepatectomy? Acta Cir Bras 2017; 32:515-522. [PMID: 28793035 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020170070000002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the effects of mesenchymal stem cells on liver regeneration in rats following a 70% hepatectomy. Methods: Forty rats were subjected to 70% hepatectomy and then ~106 mesenchymal stem cells (test group), or saline solution (control group), were infused into their livers via the portal vein. Each treatment group was divided into early and late subgroups (euthanized 3 d and 5 d following the operation, respectively). Group comparisons of Albumin, aminotransaminases (AST, ALT), and Alcaline Phosphatase (AP) levels, proliferative index (ki-67+ straining), and mitotic cell counts were conducted. Results: No significant differences in liver regeneration rate, number of mitoses, proliferative index, or serum levels of albumin, AST, or AP were observed. ALT levels were higher in the test group than in the control group (p<.05). Conclusions: Mesenchymal stem-cell therapy did not improve liver regeneration rate 3 d or 5 d after 70% hepatectomy in rats. Likewise, the therapy appeared not to affect liver function, proliferative index, or number of mitoses significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Karina Soares Alves
- Fellow Master degree, Postgraduate Program in Interdisciplinary Surgical Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Brazil. Conception and design of the study; acquisition, analysis and interpretation of data; final approval of the version to be published
| | - Valéria Lanzoni
- PhD, Department of Pathology, UNIFESP, Sao Paulo-SP, Brazil. Acquisition, analysis and interpretation of data; final approval of the version to be published
| | - Rogério Aoki Fuziy
- Associate Professor, Division of Surgical Gastroenterology, Department of Surgery, UNIFESP, Sao Paulo-SP, Brazil. Intellectual content of the study, final approval of the version to be published
| | - Rita Maria Aparecida Monteiro Moura Franco
- Associate Professor, Division of Surgical Gastroenterology, Department of Surgery, UNIFESP, Sao Paulo-SP, Brazil. Intellectual content of the study, final approval of the version to be published
| | - Carlos Toshinori Maeda
- Associate Professor, Division of Surgical Gastroenterology, Department of Surgery, UNIFESP, Sao Paulo-SP, Brazil. Intellectual content of the study, final approval of the version to be published
| | - Gaspar de Jesus Lopes
- PhD, Chairman, Division of Surgical Gastroenterology, Department of Surgery, UNIFESP, Sao Paulo-SP, Brazil. Intellectual content of the study, final approval of the version to be published
| | - Marcelo Moura Linhares
- PhD, Associate Professor, Division of Surgical Gastroenterology, Department of Surgery, UNIFESP, Sao Paulo-SP, Brazil. Conception and design of the study; acquisition, analysis and interpretation of data; drafting the article; final approval of the version to be published
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Gazdhar A, Grad I, Tamò L, Gugger M, Feki A, Geiser T. The secretome of induced pluripotent stem cells reduces lung fibrosis in part by hepatocyte growth factor. Stem Cell Res Ther 2014; 5:123. [PMID: 25384638 PMCID: PMC4445988 DOI: 10.1186/scrt513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and irreversible fibrotic lung disease, resulting in respiratory insufficiency and reduced survival. Pulmonary fibrosis is a result of repeated alveolar epithelial microinjuries, followed by abnormal regeneration and repair processes in the lung. Recently, stem cells and their secretome have been investigated as a novel therapeutic approach in pulmonary fibrosis. We evaluated the potential of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) conditioned media (iPSC-cm) to regenerate and repair the alveolar epithelium in vitro and improve bleomycin induced lung injury in vivo. Methods IPSC-cm was collected from cultured iPSC derived from human foreskin fibroblasts and its biological effects on alveolar epithelial wound repair was studied in an alveolar wound healing assay in vitro. Furthermore, iPSC-cm was intratracheally instilled 7 days after bleomycin induced injury in the rat lungs and histologically and biochemically assessed 7 days after instillation. Results iPSC-cm increased alveolar epithelial wound repair in vitro compared with medium control. Intratracheal instillation of iPSC-cm in bleomycin-injured lungs reduced the collagen content and improved lung fibrosis in the rat lung in vivo. Profibrotic TGFbeta1 and α-smooth muscle actin (α-sma) expression were markedly reduced in the iPSC-cm treated group compared with control. Antifibrotic hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) was detected in iPSC-cm in biologically relevant levels, and specific inhibition of HGF in iPSC-cm attenuated the antifibrotic effect of iPSC-cm, indicating a central role of HGF in iPSC-cm. Conclusion iPSC-cm increased alveolar epithelial wound repair in vitro and attenuated bleomycin induced fibrosis in vivo, partially due to the presence of HGF and may represent a promising novel, cell free therapeutic option against lung injury and fibrosis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/scrt513) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Bone marrow cells enhance liver regeneration after massive hepatectomy in mice. Dig Dis Sci 2014; 59:1484-9. [PMID: 24452841 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-014-3032-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent evidence indicates that transplanted autologous bone marrow cells (BMCs) can be converted into functional liver cells. BMC therapy can improve hepatic function and increase the potential for liver regeneration in patients with serious liver damage. We investigated whether BMC therapy influenced liver regeneration after massive hepatectomy in mice. METHODS Male C57/BL6 mice underwent 70 % hepatectomy, followed by injection of BMCs via the portal vein (PV group), BMCs via the tail vein (IV group), or saline via the portal vein (control group). Analysis of serum enzyme levels and liver histology was performed on postoperative days (POD) 1, 3, and 5. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the rate of liver regeneration on POD 3 and 5 was significantly higher in the PV group, but not in the IV group. Examination of the mitotic index and Ki-67 labeling index revealed that the increased liver regeneration resulted from stimulation of DNA synthesis. On POD 3, the serum levels of interleukin (IL)-6 and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) were significantly higher and the expression of IL-6 and HGF mRNA in the remnant liver tended to be higher in the PV group than in the control group. Histological examination showed BMCs in the liver of the PV group, as well as conversion of BMCs into liver cells. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that the injection of BMCs via the portal vein, but not the injection of BMCs via the tail, enhances liver regeneration after massive hepatectomy in mice.
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Li J, Xin J, Zhang L, Wu J, Jiang L, Zhou Q, Li J, Guo J, Cao H, Li L. Human hepatic progenitor cells express hematopoietic cell markers CD45 and CD109. Int J Med Sci 2014; 11:65-79. [PMID: 24396288 PMCID: PMC3880993 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.7426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To clarify the precise characteristics of human hepatic progenitor cells (HPCs) for future cytotherapy in liver diseases. METHODS Hepatic progenitor-like cells were isolated and cultured from the livers of patients who had undergone partial hepatectomy for various pathologies but displayed no sign of hepatic dysfunction. These cells were characterized by transcriptomic profiling, quantitative real-time PCR and immunocyto/histochemistry. RESULTS Cultured HPCs contained polygonal, high nucleus/cytoplasm ratio and exhibited a global gene expression profile similar (67.8%) to that of primary hepatocytes. Among the genes with more than 20-fold higher expression in HPCs were a progenitor marker (CD90), a pentraxin-related gene (PTX3), collagen proteins (COL5A2, COL1A1 and COL4A2), cytokines (EGF and PDGFD), metabolic enzymes (CYBRD1, BCAT1, TIMP2 and PAM), a secreted protein (SPARC) and an endothelial protein C receptor (PROCR). Moreover, eight markers (ALB, AFP, CK8, CK18, CK19, CD90, CD117 and Oval-6) previously described as HPC markers were validated by qRT-PCR and/or immunocyto/histochemistry. Interestingly, human HPCs were also positive for the hematopoietic cell markers CD45 and CD109. Finally, we characterized the localization of HPCs in the canals of Hering and periportal areas with six previously described markers (Oval-6, CK8, CK18, CK19, CD90 and CD117) and two potential markers (CD45 and CD109). CONCLUSION The human HPCs are highly similar to primary hepatocytes in their transcriptional profiles. The CD45 and CD109 markers could potentially be utilized to identify and isolate HPCs for further cytotherapy of liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- 1. State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University. 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou, 310003. China
| | - Jiaojiao Xin
- 1. State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University. 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou, 310003. China
| | - Liyuan Zhang
- 1. State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University. 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou, 310003. China
| | - Jian Wu
- 2. Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University. 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou, 310003. China
| | - Longyan Jiang
- 1. State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University. 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou, 310003. China
| | - Qian Zhou
- 1. State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University. 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou, 310003. China
| | - Jun Li
- 3. Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University. 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou, China. 310003
| | - Jing Guo
- 1. State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University. 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou, 310003. China
| | - Hongcui Cao
- 1. State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University. 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou, 310003. China
| | - Lanjuan Li
- 1. State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University. 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou, 310003. China
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Xu T, Wang X, Chen G, He Y, Bie P. Autologous bone marrow stem cell transplantation attenuates hepatocyte apoptosis in a rat model of ex vivo liver resection and liver autotransplantation. J Surg Res 2013; 184:1102-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2013.03.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2013] [Revised: 03/06/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Li DL, He XH, Zhang SA, Fang J, Chen FS, Fan JJ. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells promote hepatic regeneration after partial hepatectomy in rats. Pathobiology 2013; 80:228-34. [PMID: 23614968 DOI: 10.1159/000346796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our goal was to study the ability of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to stimulate liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy in rats. METHODS MSCs were isolated from bone marrow and cultured in vitro. Their characteristics were analyzed by flow cytometry. After 70% partial hepatectomy, Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: a control group that was injected with saline, animals that received bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) by tail vein injection (the BM-MSC-TV group) and animals that received BM-MSCs by portal vein injection (the BM-MSC-PV group). The injected BM-MSCs were traced by labeling with 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole, and cell proliferations were determined by immunohistochemical staining with Ki-67 and 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine. RESULTS After the third passage, the cultured BM-MSCs had a fibroblast-like morphology and expressed high levels of stem cell markers CD29 and CD90. The levels of albumin rose significantly in the BM-MSC-TV and BM-MSC-PV groups compared with the control group. The number of 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole-positive liver cells in the BM-MSC-PV group was significantly higher than in the BM-MSC-TV group. The levels of Ki-67 and 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine were significantly higher in the BM-MSC-TV and the BM-MSC-PV groups than in the controls. CONCLUSION Taken together, these results indicate that BM-MSC injections enhance liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Liang Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Medicine, Fuzhou General Hospital, Fuzhou 350025, China.
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Sharma AD, Iacob R, Cantz T, Manns MP, Ott M. Liver. Regen Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-5690-8_37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Kaibori M, Adachi Y, Shimo T, Ishizaki M, Matsui K, Tanaka Y, Ohishi M, Araki Y, Okumura T, Nishizawa M, Kwon AH. Stimulation of liver regeneration after hepatectomy in mice by injection of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells via the portal vein. Transplant Proc 2012; 44:1107-9. [PMID: 22564637 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2012.01.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate whether mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMC) stimulate liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy. METHODS Isolated BMCs were purified by density gradient centrifugation. We performed a 70% hepatectomy in male BALB/c mice followed by injection of BMCs into the portal vein (PV-BMC group), or the tail vein (IV-BMC group), or of saline into the portal vein (control group). RESULTS The wet weight of the liver remnant increased significantly in the PV-BMC group at 3 and 5 days after hepatectomy compared with the IV-BMC and control groups. The Ki-67 labeling index revealed that the increase to result from stimulation of DNA synthesis. The constitutive interleukin-6 and hepatocyte growth factor mRNAs in the remnant liver tended to increase in the PV-BMC group at 3 days after hepatectomy. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrated that BMC injection into the portal vein enhanced liver growth after partial hepatectomy in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kaibori
- Department of Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan.
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Ezzat TM, Dhar DK, Newsome PN, Malagó M, Olde Damink SWM. Use of hepatocyte and stem cells for treatment of post-resectional liver failure: are we there yet? Liver Int 2011; 31:773-84. [PMID: 21645208 DOI: 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2011.02530.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Post-operative liver failure following extensive resections for liver tumours is a rare but significant complication. The only effective treatment is liver transplantation (LT); however, there is a debate about its use given the high mortality compared with the outcomes of LT for chronic liver diseases. Cell therapy has emerged as a possible alternative to LT especially as endogenous hepatocyte proliferation is likely inhibited in the setting of prior chemo/radiotherapy. Both hepatocyte and stem cell transplantations have shown promising results in the experimental setting; however, there are few reports on their clinical application. This review identifies the potential stem cell sources in the body, and highlights the triggering factors that lead to their mobilization and integration in liver regeneration following major liver resections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek M Ezzat
- HPB and Liver Transplantation Surgery, Royal Free Hospital, University College London, Pond Street, London, UK
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Li J, Wu W, Xin J, Guo J, Jiang L, Tao R, Cao H, Hong X, Li L. Acute hepatic failure-derived bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells express hepatic progenitor cell genes. Cells Tissues Organs 2011; 194:371-81. [PMID: 21293100 DOI: 10.1159/000322604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2010] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic progenitor cell (HPC) transplantation is a promising alternative to liver transplantation for patients with end-stage liver disease. However, the precise origin of HPCs is unclear. This study aimed to determine whether bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) isolated from rats in acute hepatic failure (AHF) possess hepatic potential and/or characteristics. BMSCs were isolated from normal rats as well as rats in which AHF was induced by D-galactosamine. HPCs and primary hepatocytes were isolated from normal rats for comparison. The Affymetrix GeneChip Rat Genome 230 2.0 Array was used to perform transcriptome profiling of the AHF-derived BMSCs and HPCs. The results showed that AHF-derived BMSCs had a gene expression profile significantly different from that of control BMSCs. More than 87.7% of the genes/probe sets that were upregulated more than 2-fold in AHF-derived BMSCs were expressed by HPCs, including 12 genes involved in liver development, early hepatocyte differentiation and hepatocyte metabolism. Confirmatory quantitative RT-PCR analysis yielded similar results. In addition, 940 probe sets/genes were expressed in both AHF-derived BMSCs and HPCs but were absent in control cells. Compared to the control cells, AHF-derived BMSCs shared more commonly expressed genes with HPCs. AHF-derived BMSCs have a hepatic transcriptional profile and express many of the same genes expressed by HPCs, strongly suggesting that BMSCs may be a resource for hepatocyte regeneration, and further confirming their potential as a strong source of hepatocyte regeneration during severe hepatic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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