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Hajian M, Rouhollahi Varnosfaderani S, Jafarpour F, Tanhaei Vash N, Nasr-Esfahani MH. Pluripotency and embryonic lineage genes expression in the presence of small molecule inhibitors of FGF, TGFβ and GSK3 during pre-implantation development of goat embryos. Gene Expr Patterns 2023; 50:119334. [PMID: 37678700 DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2023.119334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Generating stable livestock pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) can be used for complex genome editing, cellular agriculture, gamete generation, regenerative medicine and in vitro breeding schemes. Over the past decade, significant progress has been made in characterizing pluripotency markers for livestock species. In this study, we investigated embryo development and gene expression of the core pluripotency triad (OCT4, NANOG, SOX2) and cell lineage commitment markers (REX1, CDX2, GATA4) in the presence of three small molecules and their combination [PD0325901 (FGF inhibitor), SB431542 (TGFβ inhibitor), and CHIR99021 (GSK3B inhibitor)] from day 2-7 post-insemination in goat. Significant reduction in rate of blastocyst formation was observed when SB was used along with PD or CHIR and their three combinations had more sever effect. SB and CHIR decreased the expression of SOX2 while increasing the GATA4 expression. PD decrease the relative expression of NANOG, OCT4 and GATA4, while increased the expression of REX1. Among the combination of two molecules, only SB + CHIR combination significantly decreased the expression of GATA4, while the combination of the three molecules significantly decreases the expression of NANOG, SOX2 and CDX2. According to these results, the inhibition of the FGF signaling pathway, by PD may lead to blocking the hypoblast formation as observed by reduction of GATA4. OCT4 and NANOG expressions did not show signs of maintenance pluripotency. GATA4, NANOG and OCT4 in the PD group were downregulated and REX1 as EPI-marker was upregulated thus REX1 may be considered as a marker of EPI/ICM in goat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Hajian
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Shiva Rouhollahi Varnosfaderani
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Farnoosh Jafarpour
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nima Tanhaei Vash
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Nasr-Esfahani
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran.
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2
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Singh A, Kumar V, Singh SK, Gupta J, Kumar M, Sarma DK, Verma V. Recent advances in bioengineered scaffold for in vitro meat production. Cell Tissue Res 2023; 391:235-247. [PMID: 36526810 PMCID: PMC9758038 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-022-03718-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In vitro meat production via stem cell technology and tissue engineering provides hypothetically elevated resource efficiency which involves the differentiation of muscle cells from pluripotent stem cells. By applying the tissue engineering technique, muscle cells are cultivated and grown onto a scaffold, resulting in the development of muscle tissue. The studies related to in vitro meat production are advancing with a seamless pace, and scientists are trying to develop various approaches to mimic the natural meat. The formulation and fabrication of biodegradable and cost-effective edible scaffold is the key to the successful development of downstream culture and meat production. Non-mammalian biopolymers such as gelatin and alginate or plant-derived proteins namely soy protein and decellularized leaves have been suggested as potential scaffold materials for in vitro meat production. Thus, this article is aimed to furnish recent updates on bioengineered scaffolds, covering their formulation, fabrication, features, and the mode of utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshuman Singh
- grid.263138.d0000 0000 9346 7267Stem Cell Research Centre, Department of Hematology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, 226014 (U.P.) India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- grid.263138.d0000 0000 9346 7267Stem Cell Research Centre, Department of Hematology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, 226014 (U.P.) India
| | - Suraj Kumar Singh
- grid.263138.d0000 0000 9346 7267Stem Cell Research Centre, Department of Hematology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, 226014 (U.P.) India
| | - Jalaj Gupta
- grid.263138.d0000 0000 9346 7267Stem Cell Research Centre, Department of Hematology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, 226014 (U.P.) India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
| | | | - Vinod Verma
- grid.263138.d0000 0000 9346 7267Stem Cell Research Centre, Department of Hematology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, 226014 (U.P.) India
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3
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Appleby SJ, Misica‐Turner P, Oback FC, Dhali A, McLean ZL, Oback B. Double cytoplast embryonic cloning improves in vitro but not in vivo development from mitotic pluripotent cells in cattle. Front Genet 2022; 13:933534. [PMID: 36246653 PMCID: PMC9563626 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.933534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cloning multiple animals from genomically selected donor embryos is inefficient but would accelerate genetic gain in dairy cattle breeding. To improve embryo cloning efficiency, we explored the idea that epigenetic reprogramming improves when donor cells are in mitosis. We derived primary cultures from bovine inner cell mass (ICM) cells of in vitro fertilized (IVF) embryos. Cells were grown feeder-free in a chemically defined medium with increased double kinase inhibition (2i+). Adding recombinant bovine interleukin 6 to 2i+ medium improved plating efficiency, outgrowth expansion, and expression of pluripotency-associated epiblast marker genes (NANOG, FGF4, SOX2, and DPPA3). For genotype multiplication by embryonic cell transfer (ECT) cloning, primary colonies were treated with nocodazole, and single mitotic donors were harvested by mechanical shake-off. Immunofluorescence against phosphorylated histone 3 (P-H3) showed 37% of nocodazole-treated cells in metaphase compared to 6% in DMSO controls (P < 1 × 10−5), with an average of 53% of P-H3-positive cells expressing the pluripotency marker SOX2. We optimized several parameters (fusion buffer, pronase treatment, and activation timing) for ECT with mitotic embryonic donors. Sequential double cytoplast ECT, whereby another cytoplast was fused to the first cloned reconstruct, doubled cloned blastocyst development and improved morphological embryo quality. However, in situ karyotyping revealed that over 90% of mitotic ECT-derived blastocysts were tetraploid or aneuploid with extra chromosomes, compared to less than 2% in the original ICM donor cells. Following the transfer of single vs. double cytoplast embryos, there was no difference between the two methods in pregnancy establishment at D35 (1/22 = 5% vs. 4/53 = 8% for single vs. double ECT, respectively). Overall, post-implantation development was drastically reduced from embryonic mitotic clones when compared to somatic interphase clones and IVF controls. We conclude that mitotic donors cause ploidy errors during in vitro development that cannot be rescued by enhanced epigenetic reprogramming through double cytoplast cloning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Jane Appleby
- Animal Biotech, AgResearch, Hamilton, New Zealand
- School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | | | | | | | - Zachariah Louis McLean
- Animal Biotech, AgResearch, Hamilton, New Zealand
- School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Björn Oback
- Animal Biotech, AgResearch, Hamilton, New Zealand
- School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- *Correspondence: Björn Oback,
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4
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Pluripotent Core in Bovine Embryos: A Review. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12081010. [PMID: 35454256 PMCID: PMC9032358 DOI: 10.3390/ani12081010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Early development in mammals is characterized by the ability of each cell to produce a complete organism plus the extraembryonic, or placental, cells, defined as pluripotency. During subsequent development, pluripotency is lost, and cells begin to differentiate to a particular cell fate. This review summarizes the current knowledge of pluripotency features of bovine embryos cultured in vitro, focusing on the core of pluripotency genes (OCT4, NANOG, SOX2, and CDX2), and main chemical strategies for controlling pluripotent networks during early development. Finally, we discuss the applicability of manipulating pluripotency during the morula to blastocyst transition in cattle species.
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5
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Su Y, Wang L, Fan Z, Liu Y, Zhu J, Kaback D, Oudiz J, Patrick T, Yee SP, Tian X(C, Polejaeva I, Tang Y. Establishment of Bovine-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910489. [PMID: 34638830 PMCID: PMC8508593 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) have been successfully developed in many species. However, the establishment of bovine-induced pluripotent stem cells (biPSCs) has been challenging. Here we report the generation of biPSCs from bovine mesenchymal stem cells (bMSCs) by overexpression of lysine-specific demethylase 4A (KDM4A) and the other reprogramming factors OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, cMYC, LIN28, and NANOG (KdOSKMLN). These biPSCs exhibited silenced transgene expression at passage 10, and had prolonged self-renewal capacity for over 70 passages. The biPSCs have flat, primed-like PSC colony morphology in combined media of knockout serum replacement (KSR) and mTeSR, but switched to dome-shaped, naïve-like PSC colony morphology in mTeSR medium and 2i/LIF with single cell colonization capacity. These cells have comparable proliferation rate to the reported primed- or naïve-state human PSCs, with three-germ layer differentiation capacity and normal karyotype. Transcriptome analysis revealed a high similarity of biPSCs to reported bovine embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and embryos. The naïve-like biPSCs can be incorporated into mouse embryos, with the extended capacity of integration into extra-embryonic tissues. Finally, at least 24.5% cloning efficiency could be obtained in nuclear transfer (NT) experiment using late passage biPSCs as nuclear donors. Our report represents a significant advance in the establishment of bovine PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Su
- Department of Animal Science, Institute of Systems Genetics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06268, USA; (Y.S.); (L.W.); (J.Z.); (J.O.); (X.T.)
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Animal Science, Institute of Systems Genetics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06268, USA; (Y.S.); (L.W.); (J.Z.); (J.O.); (X.T.)
| | - Zhiqiang Fan
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA; (Z.F.); (Y.L.); (T.P.)
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA; (Z.F.); (Y.L.); (T.P.)
| | - Jiaqi Zhu
- Department of Animal Science, Institute of Systems Genetics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06268, USA; (Y.S.); (L.W.); (J.Z.); (J.O.); (X.T.)
| | - Deborah Kaback
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; (D.K.); (S.P.Y.)
| | - Julia Oudiz
- Department of Animal Science, Institute of Systems Genetics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06268, USA; (Y.S.); (L.W.); (J.Z.); (J.O.); (X.T.)
| | - Tayler Patrick
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA; (Z.F.); (Y.L.); (T.P.)
| | - Siu Pok Yee
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; (D.K.); (S.P.Y.)
| | - Xiuchun (Cindy) Tian
- Department of Animal Science, Institute of Systems Genetics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06268, USA; (Y.S.); (L.W.); (J.Z.); (J.O.); (X.T.)
| | - Irina Polejaeva
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA; (Z.F.); (Y.L.); (T.P.)
- Correspondence: (I.P.); (Y.T.)
| | - Young Tang
- Department of Animal Science, Institute of Systems Genetics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06268, USA; (Y.S.); (L.W.); (J.Z.); (J.O.); (X.T.)
- Correspondence: (I.P.); (Y.T.)
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6
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Strategy to Establish Embryo-Derived Pluripotent Stem Cells in Cattle. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22095011. [PMID: 34065074 PMCID: PMC8125899 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22095011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell research is essential not only for the research and treatment of human diseases, but also for the genetic preservation and improvement of animals. Since embryonic stem cells (ESCs) were established in mice, substantial efforts have been made to establish true ESCs in many species. Although various culture conditions were used to establish ESCs in cattle, the capturing of true bovine ESCs (bESCs) has not been achieved. In this review, the difficulty of establishing bESCs with various culture conditions is described, and the characteristics of proprietary induced pluripotent stem cells and extended pluripotent stem cells are introduced. We conclude with a suggestion of a strategy for establishing true bESCs.
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Singh A, Verma V, Kumar M, Kumar A, Sarma DK, Singh B, Jha R. Stem cells-derived in vitro meat: from petri dish to dinner plate. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 62:2641-2654. [PMID: 33291952 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1856036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Sustainable food supply to the world is possibly the greatest challenge that human civilization has ever faced. Among animal sourced foods, meat plays a starring role in human food chain. Traditional meat production necessitates high proportion of agricultural land, energy and clean water for rearing meat-producing animals; also massive emission of greenhouse gases from the unutilized nutrients of the digestive process into the environment is a major challenge to the world. Also, conventional meat production is associated with evolution and spread of superbugs and zoonotic infections. In vitro meat has the potential to provide a healthy alternative nutritious meal and to avoid the issues associated with animal slaughtering and environmental effects. Stem cell technology may provide a fascinating approach to produce meat in an animal-free environment. Theoretically, in vitro meat can supplement the meat produced by culling the animals and satisfy the global demand. This article highlights the necessity and potential of stem cell-derived in vitro meat as an alternative source of animal protein vis-a-vis the constraints of conventional approaches of meat production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshuman Singh
- Stem Cell Research Centre, Department of Hematology, Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Vinod Verma
- Stem Cell Research Centre, Department of Hematology, Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Zoology, MLK Post Graduate College, Balrampur, India
| | | | - Birbal Singh
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Regional Station, Palampur, India
| | - Rajneesh Jha
- Curi Bio, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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Navarro M, Soto DA, Pinzon CA, Wu J, Ross PJ. Livestock pluripotency is finally captured in vitro. Reprod Fertil Dev 2020; 32:11-39. [PMID: 32188555 DOI: 10.1071/rd19272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) have demonstrated great utility in improving our understanding of mammalian development and continue to revolutionise regenerative medicine. Thanks to the improved understanding of pluripotency in mice and humans, it has recently become feasible to generate stable livestock PSCs. Although it is unlikely that livestock PSCs will be used for similar applications as their murine and human counterparts, new exciting applications that could greatly advance animal agriculture are being developed, including the use of PSCs for complex genome editing, cellular agriculture, gamete generation and invitro breeding schemes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micaela Navarro
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, 450 Bioletti Way, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Delia A Soto
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, 450 Bioletti Way, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Carlos A Pinzon
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; and Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Pablo J Ross
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, 450 Bioletti Way, Davis, CA 95616, USA; and Corresponding author.
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9
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Goszczynski DE, Cheng H, Demyda-Peyrás S, Medrano JF, Wu J, Ross PJ. In vitro breeding: application of embryonic stem cells to animal production†. Biol Reprod 2020; 100:885-895. [PMID: 30551176 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioy256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are derived from the inner cell mass of preimplantation blastocysts. For decades, attempts to efficiently derive ESCs in animal livestock species have been unsuccessful, but this goal has recently been achieved in cattle. Together with the recent reconstitution of the germ cell differentiation processes from ESCs in mice, these achievements open new avenues for the development of promising technologies oriented toward improving health, animal production, and the environment. In this article, we present a strategy that will notably accelerate genetic improvement in livestock populations by reducing the generational interval, namely in vitro breeding (IVB). IVB combines genomic selection, a widely used strategy for genetically improving livestock, with ESC derivation and in vitro differentiation of germ cells from pluripotent stem cells. We also review the most recent findings in the fields on which IVB is based. Evidence suggests this strategy will be soon within reach.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hao Cheng
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Sebastian Demyda-Peyrás
- Instituto de Genetica Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional de La Plata-CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Juan F Medrano
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Pablo J Ross
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, California, USA
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10
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Zhu X, Li L, Gao B, Zhang D, Ren Y, Zheng B, Li M, Shi D, Huang B. Early development of porcine parthenogenetic embryos and reduced expression of primed pluripotent marker genes under the effect of lysophosphatidic acid. Reprod Domest Anim 2018; 53:1191-1199. [PMID: 29974990 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To further promote the early development of porcine embryos and capture "naïve" pluripotent state within blastocyst, the experiment explored the effects of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) on the early development of porcine parthenogenetic embryos and the expression of pluripotency relevant genes. The results showed that the addition of 50 μM LPA significantly improved parthenogenetic embryo cleavage rate (82.7% vs. 74.7%, p < 0.05), blastocyst rate (24.5% vs. 11.3%, p < 0.05) and blastocyst cell count (56 ± 7.9 vs. 42 ± 1.0, p < 0.05) than that of the control group. In addition, immunostaining experiment determined that the fluorescence intensity of OCT4 was also significantly higher than that of the control group. The quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) test revealed that addition of 50 μM LPA could significantly enhance the expression level of pluripotent gene OCT4 and trophoblast marker genes CDX2, however, decrease the expression of primitive hypoblast marker gene GATA4. The results also indicated that LPA might decrease the expression of GATA4 through the ROCK signalling pathway. For further investigating the effect of the addition of LPA on the expression of "primed" and "naïve" genes, we also detected the expression of those pluripotency-related genes by qRT-PCR. The results showed addition of LPA had no significant effect on the expression of "naïve" pluripotent genes, but it was able to significantly decrease the expression of "primed" pluripotent genes, NODAL and Activin-A; furthermore, it also could significantly improve the expression of OCT4 and c-Myc which act as two important ES cell renewal factors. Above all, the addition of LPA can facilitate the early development of porcine parthenogenetic embryos, which may be able to benefit for capturing "naïve" pluripotency in vitro through inhibiting "primed" pluripotency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiusheng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,Agricultural Genomics Institute at ShenZhen Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Lanyu Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Bangjun Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yanyan Ren
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Beibei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Mengmei Li
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Deshun Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Ben Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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11
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Tobias I, Isaac R, Dierolf J, Khazaee R, Cumming R, Betts D. Metabolic plasticity during transition to naïve-like pluripotency in canine embryo-derived stem cells. Stem Cell Res 2018; 30:22-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2018.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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12
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Ramos-Ibeas P, Nichols J, Alberio R. States and Origins of Mammalian Embryonic Pluripotency In Vivo and in a Dish. Curr Top Dev Biol 2017; 128:151-179. [PMID: 29477162 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Mouse embryonic stem cells (ESC), derived from preimplantation embryos in 1981, defined mammalian pluripotency for many decades. However, after the derivation of human ESC in 1998, comparative studies showed that different types of pluripotency exist in early embryos and that these can be captured in vitro under various culture conditions. Over the past decade much has been learned about the key signaling pathways, growth factor requirements, and transcription factor profiles of pluripotent cells in embryos, allowing improvement of derivation and culture conditions for novel pluripotent stem cell types. More recently, studies using single-cell transcriptomics of embryos from different species provided an unprecedented level of resolution of cellular interactions and cell fate decisions that are informing new ways to understand the emergence of pluripotency in different organisms. These new approaches enhance knowledge of species differences during early embryogenesis and will be instrumental for improving methodologies for generating intra- and interspecies chimeric animals using pluripotent stem cells. Here, we discuss the recent developments in our understanding of early embryogenesis in different mammalian species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer Nichols
- Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
| | - Ramiro Alberio
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
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13
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Kim D, Jung YG, Roh S. Microarray analysis of embryo-derived bovine pluripotent cells: The vulnerable state of bovine embryonic stem cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173278. [PMID: 28257460 PMCID: PMC5336296 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Although there are many studies about pluripotent stem cells, little is known about pluripotent pathways and the difficulties of maintaining the pluripotency of bovine cells in vitro. Here, we investigated differently expressed genes (DEG) in bovine embryo-derived stem-like cells (eSLCs) from various origins to validate their distinct characteristics of pluripotency and differentiation. We identified core pluripotency markers and additional markers which were not determined as pluripotency markers yet in bovine eSLCs. Using the KEGG database, TGFβ, WNT, and LIF signaling were related to the maintenance of pluripotency. In contrast, some DEGs related to the LIF pathway were down-regulated, suggesting that reactivation of the pathway may be required for the establishment of true bovine embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Interestingly, oncogenes were co-down-regulated, while tumor suppressor genes were co-up-regulated in eSLCs, implying that this pattern may induce abnormal teratomas. These data analyses of signaling pathways provide essential information on authentic ESCs in addition to providing evidence for pluripotency in bovine eSLCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daehwan Kim
- Cellular Reprogramming and Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Sangho Roh
- Cellular Reprogramming and Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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Hosseini SM, Dufort I, Caballero J, Moulavi F, Ghanaei HR, Sirard MA. Transcriptome profiling of bovine inner cell mass and trophectoderm derived from in vivo generated blastocysts. BMC DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 2015; 15:49. [PMID: 26681441 PMCID: PMC4683974 DOI: 10.1186/s12861-015-0096-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background This study describes the generation and analysis of the transcriptional profile of bovine inner cell mass (ICM) and trophectoderm (TE), obtained from in vivo developed embryos by using a bovine-embryo specific array (EmbryoGENE) containing 37,238 probes. Results A total of 4,689 probes were differentially expressed between ICM and TE, among these, 2,380 and 2,309 probes were upregulated in ICM and TE tissues, respectively (P ≤ 0.01, FC ≥ 2.0, FDR: 2.0). Ontological classification of the genes predominantly expressed in ICM emerged a range of functional categories with a preponderance of genes involved in basal and developmental signaling pathways including P53, TGFβ, IL8, mTOR, integrin, ILK, and ELF2 signalings. Cross-referencing of microarray data with two available in vitro studies indicated a marked reduction in ICM vs. TE transcriptional difference following in vitro culture of bovine embryos. Moreover, a great majority of genes that were found to be misregulated following in vitro culture of bovine embryos were known genes involved in epigenetic regulation of pluripotency and cell differentiation including DNMT1, GADD45, CARM1, ELF5 HDAC8, CCNB1, KDM6A, PRDM9, CDX2, ARID3A, IL6, GADD45A, FGFR2, PPP2R2B, and SMARCA2. Cross-species referencing of microarray data revealed substantial divergence between bovine and mouse and human in signaling pathways involved in early lineage specification. Conclusions The transcriptional changes occur during ICM and TE lineages specification in bovine is greater than previously understood. Therefore, this array data establishes a standard to evaluate the in vitro imprint on the transcriptome and to hypothesize the cross-species differences that allow in vitro acquisition of pluripotent ICM in human and mice but hinder that process in bovine. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12861-015-0096-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Hosseini
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran. .,Centre de Recherche en Biologie de la Reproduction, Faculté des Sciences de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation, Département des Sciences Animales, Pavillon INAF, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - I Dufort
- Centre de Recherche en Biologie de la Reproduction, Faculté des Sciences de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation, Département des Sciences Animales, Pavillon INAF, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - J Caballero
- Centre de Recherche en Biologie de la Reproduction, Faculté des Sciences de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation, Département des Sciences Animales, Pavillon INAF, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - F Moulavi
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - H R Ghanaei
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - M A Sirard
- Centre de Recherche en Biologie de la Reproduction, Faculté des Sciences de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation, Département des Sciences Animales, Pavillon INAF, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.
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15
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Abstract
This review deals with the latest advances in the study of embryonic stem cells (ESC) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) from domesticated species, with a focus on pigs, cattle, sheep, goats, horses, cats, and dogs. Whereas the derivation of fully pluripotent ESC from these species has proved slow, reprogramming of somatic cells to iPSC has been more straightforward. However, most of these iPSC depend on the continued expression of the introduced transgenes, a major drawback to their utility. The persistent failure in generating ESC and the dependency of iPSC on ectopic genes probably stem from an inability to maintain the stability of the endogenous gene networks necessary to maintain pluripotency. Based on work in humans and rodents, achievement of full pluripotency will likely require fine adjustments in the growth factors and signaling inhibitors provided to the cells. Finally, we discuss the future utility of these cells for biomedical and agricultural purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiko Ezashi
- Division of Animal Sciences and Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211; , ,
| | - Ye Yuan
- Division of Animal Sciences and Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211; , ,
| | - R Michael Roberts
- Division of Animal Sciences and Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211; , ,
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16
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Meng F, Forrester-Gauntlett B, Turner P, Henderson H, Oback B. Signal Inhibition Reveals JAK/STAT3 Pathway as Critical for Bovine Inner Cell Mass Development. Biol Reprod 2015; 93:132. [PMID: 26510863 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.115.134254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The inner cell mass (ICM) of mammalian blastocysts consists of pluripotent epiblast and hypoblast lineages, which develop into embryonic and extraembryonic tissues, respectively. We conducted a chemical screen for regulators of epiblast identity in bovine Day 8 blastocysts. From the morula stage onward, in vitro fertilized embryos were cultured in the presence of cell-permeable small molecules targeting nine principal signaling pathway components, including TGFbeta1, BMP, EGF, VEGF, PDGF, FGF, cAMP, PI3K, and JAK signals. Using 1) blastocyst quality (by morphological grading), 2) cell numbers (by differential stain), and 3) epiblast (FGF4, NANOG) and hypoblast (PDGFRa, SOX17) marker gene expression (by quantitative PCR), we identified positive and negative regulators of ICM development and pluripotency. TGFbeta1, BMP, and cAMP and combined VEGF/PDGF/FGF signals did not affect blastocyst development while PI3K was important for ICM growth but did not alter lineage-specific gene expression. Stimulating cAMP specifically increased NANOG expression, while combined VEGF/PDGF/FGF inhibition up-regulated epiblast and hypoblast markers. The strongest effects were observed by suppressing JAK1/2 signaling with AZD1480. This treatment interfered with ICM formation, but trophectoderm cell numbers and markers (CDX2, KTR8) were not altered. JAK inhibition repressed both epiblast and hypoblast transcripts as well as naive pluripotency-related genes (KLF4, TFCP2L1) and the JAK substrate STAT3. We found that tyrosine (Y) 705-phosphorylated STAT3 (pSTAT3(Y705)) was restricted to ICM nuclei, where it colocalized with SOX2 and NANOG. JAK inhibition abolished this ICM-exclusive pSTAT3(Y705) signal and strongly reduced the number of SOX2-positive nuclei. In conclusion, JAK/STAT3 activation is required for bovine ICM formation and acquisition of naive pluripotency markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanli Meng
- AgResearch Ltd., Ruakura Research Centre, Reproductive Technologies, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | | | - Pavla Turner
- AgResearch Ltd., Ruakura Research Centre, Reproductive Technologies, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Harold Henderson
- AgResearch Ltd., Ruakura Research Centre, Reproductive Technologies, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Björn Oback
- AgResearch Ltd., Ruakura Research Centre, Reproductive Technologies, Hamilton, New Zealand
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17
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Betts DH, Tobias IC. Canine Pluripotent Stem Cells: Are They Ready for Clinical Applications? Front Vet Sci 2015; 2:41. [PMID: 26664969 PMCID: PMC4672225 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2015.00041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The derivation of canine embryonic stem cells and generation of canine-induced pluripotent stem cells are significant achievements that have unlocked the potential for developing novel cell-based disease models, drug discovery platforms, and transplantation therapies in the dog. A progression from concept to cure in this clinically relevant companion animal will not only help our canine patients but also help advance human regenerative medicine. Nevertheless, many issues remain to be resolved before pluripotent cells can be used clinically in a safe and reproducible manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dean H Betts
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario , London, ON , Canada ; Children's Health Research Institute, Lawson Health Research Institute , London, ON , Canada
| | - Ian C Tobias
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario , London, ON , Canada
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18
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Park S, Kim D, Jung YG, Roh S. Thiazovivin, a Rho kinase inhibitor, improves stemness maintenance of embryo-derived stem-like cells under chemically defined culture conditions in cattle. Anim Reprod Sci 2015; 161:47-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2015.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Revised: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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19
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Kim D, Park S, Jung YG, Roh S. In vitro culture of stem-like cells derived from somatic cell nuclear transfer bovine embryos of the Korean beef cattle species, HanWoo. Reprod Fertil Dev 2015; 28:RD14071. [PMID: 25966803 DOI: 10.1071/rd14071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We established and maintained somatic cell nuclear transfer embryo-derived stem-like cells (SCNT-eSLCs) from the traditional Korean beef cattle species, HanWoo (Bos taurus coreanae). Each SCNT blastocyst was placed individually on a feeder layer with culture medium containing three inhibitors of differentiation (3i). Primary colonies formed after 2-3 days of culture and the intact colonies were passaged every 5-6 days. The cells in each colony showed embryonic stem cell-like morphologies with a distinct boundary and were positive to alkaline phosphatase staining. Immunofluorescence and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analyses also confirmed that these colonies expressed pluripotent markers. The colonies were maintained over 50 passages for more than 270 days. The cells showed normal karyotypes consisting of 60 chromosomes at Passage 50. Embryoid bodies were formed by suspension culture to analyse in vitro differentiation capability. Marker genes representing the differentiation into three germ layers were expressed. Typical embryonal carcinoma was generated after injecting cells under the testis capsule of nude mice, suggesting that the cultured cells may also have the potential of in vivo differentiation. In conclusion, we generated eSLCs from SCNT bovine embryos, using a 3i system that sustained stemness, normal karyotype and pluripotency, which was confirmed by in vitro and in vivo differentiation.
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Li M, Li L, Zhang J, Verma V, Liu Q, Shi D, Huang B. An Insight on Small Molecule Induced Foot-Print Free Naive Pluripotent Stem Cells in Livestock. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.4236/scd.2015.51001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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21
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McLean Z, Meng F, Henderson H, Turner P, Oback B. Increased MAP kinase inhibition enhances epiblast-specific gene expression in bovine blastocysts. Biol Reprod 2014; 91:49. [PMID: 25009207 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.114.120832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian blastocysts comprise three distinct lineages, namely, trophoblast, hypoblast, and epiblast, which develop into fetal placenta, extraembryonic yolk sac, and embryo proper, respectively. Pluripotent embryonic stem cells, capable of forming all adult cell types, can only be derived from the epiblast. In mouse and rat, this process is promoted by the double inhibition (2i) of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAP2K), which antagonizes FGF signaling, and glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3), which stimulates the WNT pathway. We investigated variations of the 2i treatment on lineage segregation and pluripotency-related gene expression in bovine blastocysts. In vitro-fertilized embryos were cultured either in the presence of inhibitors of GSK3 (3 μM CHIR) and MAP2K (0.4 vs. 10 μM PD0325901, designated 2i and 2i+, respectively) or in 2i/2i+ with FGFR inhibitor (0.1 μM PD173074, designated 3i [2i and PD173074] and 3i+ [2i+ and PD173074]). Compared with 2i, both 2i+ and 3i+ potentiated the improvement in blastocyst morphology. Using an automated platform for multiplexed digital mRNA profiling, we simultaneously counted transcripts of 76 candidate genes in bovine blastocysts treated with multiple kinase inhibitors. We show that 2i+ medium specifically increased FGF4 and NANOG while reducing PDGFRalpha and SOX17 levels. The shift from a hypoblast to an epiblast gene expression signature was confirmed by quantitative PCR. A wide range of functionally related genes, including candidates involved in DNA methylation, were not significantly changed. This well-defined 2i+ effect was not observed after pharmacologically inhibiting FGF receptor or related MAP kinases (p38, JNK, and ERK5). In summary, our data suggest that increased MAP2K inhibition exerts its pluripotency-promoting effects through as yet unidentified signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachariah McLean
- Reproductive Technologies, Ruakura Research Centre, AgResearch Ltd., Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Fanli Meng
- Reproductive Technologies, Ruakura Research Centre, AgResearch Ltd., Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Harold Henderson
- Reproductive Technologies, Ruakura Research Centre, AgResearch Ltd., Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Pavla Turner
- Reproductive Technologies, Ruakura Research Centre, AgResearch Ltd., Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Björn Oback
- Reproductive Technologies, Ruakura Research Centre, AgResearch Ltd., Hamilton, New Zealand
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22
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Fujimura T, Takahashi S, Urano T, Takayama K, Sugihara T, Obinata D, Yamada Y, Kumagai J, Kume H, Ouchi Y, Inoue S, Homma Y. Expression of androgen and estrogen signaling components and stem cell markers to predict cancer progression and cancer-specific survival in patients with metastatic prostate cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2014; 20:4625-35. [PMID: 24987058 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-13-1105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Genes of androgen and estrogen signaling cells and stem cell-like cells play crucial roles in prostate cancer. This study aimed to predict clinical failure by identifying these prostate cancer-related genes. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We developed models to predict clinical failure using biopsy samples from a training set of 46 and an independent validation set of 30 patients with treatment-naïve prostate cancer with bone metastasis. Cancerous and stromal tissues were separately collected by laser-captured microdissection. We analyzed the association between clinical failure and mRNA expression of the following genes androgen receptor (AR) and its related genes (APP, FOX family, TRIM 36, Oct1, and ACSL 3), stem cell-like molecules (Klf4, c-Myc, Oct 3/4, and Sox2), estrogen receptor (ER), Her2, PSA, and CRP. RESULTS Logistic analyses to predict prostate-specific antigen (PSA) recurrence showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 1.0 in both sets for Sox2, Her2, and CRP expression in cancer cells, AR and ERα expression in stromal cells, and clinical parameters. We identified 10 prognostic factors for cancer-specific survival (CSS): Oct1, TRIM36, Sox2, and c-Myc expression in cancer cells; AR, Klf4, and ERα expression in stromal cells; and PSA, Gleason score, and extent of disease. On the basis of these factors, patients were divided into favorable-, intermediate-, and poor-risk groups according to the number of factors present. Five-year CSS rates for the 3 groups were 90%, 32%, and 12% in the training set and 75%, 48%, and 0% in the validation set, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Expression levels of androgen- and estrogen signaling components and stem cell markers are powerful prognostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Fujimura
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Satou Takahashi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The Nihon University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Urano
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. Department of Anti-Aging Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichi Takayama
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. Department of Anti-Aging Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toru Sugihara
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Obinata
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The Nihon University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuta Yamada
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jimpei Kumagai
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruki Kume
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuyoshi Ouchi
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Inoue
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. Department of Anti-Aging Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukio Homma
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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23
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Huang X, Han X, Uyunbilig B, Zhang M, Duo S, Zuo Y, Zhao Y, Yun T, Tai D, Wang C, Li J, Li X, Li R. Establishment of bovine trophoblast stem-like cells from in vitro-produced blastocyst-stage embryos using two inhibitors. Stem Cells Dev 2014; 23:1501-14. [PMID: 24605918 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2013.0329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The trophoblast (TR) is the first to differentiate during mammalian embryogenesis and play a pivotal role in the development of the placenta. We used a dual inhibitor system (PD0325901 and CHIR99021) with mixed feeders to successfully obtain bovine trophoblast stem-like (bTS) cells, which were similar in phenotype to mouse trophoblast stem cells (TSCs). The bTS cells that were generated using this system continually proliferated, displayed a normal diploid karyotype, and had no signs of altered morphology or differentiation even after 150 passages. These cells exhibited alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity and expressed pluripotency markers, such as OCT4, NANOG, SOX2, SSEA-1, SSEA-4, TRA-1-60, and TRA-1-81, and TR lineage markers such as CDX2, as determined by both immunofluorescence and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Additionally, these cells generated dome-like structures, formed teratomas when injected into NOD-SCID mice, and differentiated into placenta TR cells in vitro. The microarray analysis of bTS cells showed high expression levels of many TR markers, such as TEAD4, EOMES, GATA3, ETS2, TFAP2A, ELF5, SMARCA4 (BRG1), CDH3, MASH2, HSD17B1, CYP11A1, PPARG, ID2, GCM1, HAND1, TDK, PAG, IFN-τ, and THAP11. The expression of many pluripotency markers, such as OCT4, SOX2, NANOG, and GDF3, was lower in bTS cells compared with in vitro-produced blastocysts; however, compared with bovine fetal fibroblasts, the expression of these pluripotency markers was elevated in bTS cells. The DNA methylation status of the promoter regions of OCT4, NANOG, and SOX2 was investigated, which were significantly higher in bTS cells (OCT4 23.90%, NANOG 74.40%, and SOX2 8.50%) compared with blastocysts (OCT4 8.90%, NANOG 34.4%, and SOX2 3.80%). In contrast, two promoter regions of CDX2 were hypomethylated in bTS cells (13.80% and 3.90%) compared with blastocysts (18.80% and 9.10%). The TSC lines that were established in this study may be used either for basic research that is focused on peri-implantation and placenta development or as donor cells for transgenic animal production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghua Huang
- 1 The Key Laboratory of National Education Ministry for Mammalian Reproductive Biology and Biotechnology, Inner Mongolia University , Hohhot, China
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