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Wu Y, Gong P. Scopolamine regulates the osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells through lactylation modification of RUNX2 protein. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2024; 12:e1169. [PMID: 38258916 PMCID: PMC10804664 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.1169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) are important mesenchymal stem cells contributing to regenerating lost periodontal tissues and repairing bone defects. Studies on the molecular mechanism affecting the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs are necessary. Scopolamine (SCO) is known as a regulator of neural cell damage. The focus of the current study is on unveiling the role of SCO-mediated molecular mechanism in the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs. Through CCK-8 assay and LDH detection, we confirmed that SCO enhanced the viability of PDLSCs. Moreover, we determined that SCO induced the PDLSCs osteogenic differentiation, according to data of ALP activity measurement and ARS staining. Mechanistically, we performed western blot and identified that SCO could promote the lactylation of runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2). We also found through rescue assays that knockdown of RUNX2 could reverse the effect of SCO treatment on the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs. Further mechanism investigation revealed that lactylation of RUNX2 at K176 site enhances the protein stability of RUNX2 through deubiquitination. Collectively, our present study unveils that SCO stabilizes RUNX2 to promote the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs through the lactylation modification of RUNX2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wu
- Department of PeriodonticsAffiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and ReconstructionGuangzhouChina
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Pan Gong
- Department of StomatologyAffiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
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2
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Pagni TC, Cunha JMD, Saez DM, Costa-Neves AD, Kerkis I, Silva MCPD. Nanog, Stat-3, and Sox-5 involvement in human fetal temporomandibular joint late development. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2023; 13:636-641. [PMID: 37637855 PMCID: PMC10450518 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2023.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aim The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a synovial joint that allows the complex movements essential for life. It connects the jawbone to the skull, working as a sliding hinge. Moreover, pluripotent stem cells are a source of precursors and tissue-specific cells in developing organisms, however, their biodistribution in developing fetal tissues is weakly studied. The aim of our study was analyse immunohistochemical expression of Nanog, Oct-4, Sox-2 and Stat-3 and Sox-5, in TMJ tissue samples from human fetuses aged between the 12th and 20th weeks of intrauterine life. Materials and methods We fixed and processed TMJ tissue samples from human fetuses, histological sections and immunohistochemical procedures were carried out. Results TMJ histological studies examination did not reveal any difference in the tissue organization between the samples in the studied periods. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that Oct-4 and Sox-2 lack their expression in TMJ. In contrast, Nanog was expressed in nucleous of proliferative layer of mandibular condyle, Stat-3 was expressed in nuclear cells of articular disc, Stat-3 and Sox-5 showed positive nuclear and cytoplasmic immunostaining in codrocyte layers and in ossification areas. Conclusions Nanog acts in maintanence of pluripotency, Stat-3 in articular disc acts as a transcriptional factor. Stat-3 and Sox-2 act in chondrocyte and osteoblast diferentiation. Distribution of the cells, which express Nanog, Stat-3, and Sox-5 in TMJ tissue during fetal development, can help further understand its physiology, pathology, and repairing capacities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tacia Catharine Pagni
- Departament of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Botucatu 740, Ed. Leitão da Cunha – Térreo, CEP: 04023-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliana Malta da Cunha
- Departament of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Botucatu 740, Ed. Leitão da Cunha – Térreo, CEP: 04023-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniel Martinez Saez
- Departament of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Botucatu 740, Ed. Leitão da Cunha – Térreo, CEP: 04023-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriana da Costa-Neves
- Genetics Laboratory, Instituto Butantan, Av Vital Brazil,1500, Predio Novo-Térreo, CEP: 05503-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Irina Kerkis
- Genetics Laboratory, Instituto Butantan, Av Vital Brazil,1500, Predio Novo-Térreo, CEP: 05503-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Cavenaghi Pereira da Silva
- Departament of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Botucatu 740, Ed. Leitão da Cunha – Térreo, CEP: 04023-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Pan Y, Jiang Z, Ye Y, Zhu D, Li N, Yang G, Wang Y. Role and Mechanism of BMP4 in Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering. Ann Biomed Eng 2023:10.1007/s10439-023-03173-6. [PMID: 37014581 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-023-03173-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) is emerging as a promising cytokine for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. BMP4 has been shown to promote the regeneration of teeth, periodontal tissue, bone, cartilage, the thymus, hair, neurons, nucleus pulposus, and adipose tissue, as well as the formation of skeletal myotubes and vessels. BMP4 can also contribute to the formation of tissues in the heart, lung, and kidney. However, there are certain deficiencies, including the insufficiency of the mechanism of BMP4 in some fields and an appropriate carrier of BMP4 for clinical use. There has also been a lack of in vivo experiments and orthotopic transplantation studies in some fields. BMP4 has great distance from the clinical application. Therefore, there are many BMP4-related studies waiting to be explored. This review mainly discusses the effects, mechanisms, and applications of BMP4 in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering over the last 10 years in various domains and possible improvements. BMP4 has shown great potential in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. The research of BMP4 has broad development space and great value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqi Pan
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Zhiwei Jiang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Yuer Ye
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Danji Zhu
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Na Li
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Guoli Yang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
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Shi F, He R, Zhu J, Lu T, Zhong L. miR-589-3p promoted osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells through targeting ATF1. J Orthop Surg Res 2022; 17:221. [PMID: 35399081 PMCID: PMC8996605 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-022-03000-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background An increasing number of studies have shown that dysregulated miR-589-3p is associated with multiple diseases. However, the role of miR-589-3p in osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) remains unknown. This study aimed to explore the biological function and potential molecular mechanism of miR-589-3p in osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs. Methods GSE159508 was downloaded from Gene Expression Omibus (GEO, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/). Differentially expressed miRNAs between osteogenic induction PDLSCs versus non-induction PDLSCs were obtained by R software. miR-589-3p mimic and miR-589-3p inhibitor and corresponding negative control were obtained and to identify the role of miR-589-3p in osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs. ALP staining and ARS were used to evaluate ALP activity and mineralization, respectively. The targeted binding relationship between miR-589-3p and ATF1 was predicted and verified by target prediction analysis and dual-luciferase assay. Furthermore, the functional mechanism based on miR-589-3p and ATF1 in osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs was further investigated through rescue experiments. Results According to the cut-off criteria with log 2 FC > 1.0 and P < 0.05, 514 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified between osteogenic induction and non-induction PDLSCs, including 309 upregulated miRNAs and 205 downregulated miRNAs. Compared with control PDLSCs, miR-589-3p expression level was notably increased in PDLSCs that underwent osteogenic induction. The overexpression of miR-589-3p promoted the cell viability of PDLSCs, while the low expression of miR-589-3p had the opposite effect. The dual luciferase reporter assay verified that ATF1 was proved to be a direct target of miR-589-3p in PDLSCs. And overexpressed miR-589-3p reduced the expression of ATF1. Overexpression of miR-589-3p enhanced the osteogenic capacity of PDLSCs, as demonstrated by increases in ALP activity, matrix mineralization, and RUNX2, OCN and OSX expression. In addition, the rescue experiments confirmed that overexpressed ATF1 restored the effects of overexpressed miR-589-3p on cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs. Conclusion miR-589-3p could down-regulate the expression of ATF1, thereby promote the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs. This finding may provide a new therapeutic target for molecular therapy of periodontitis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13018-022-03000-z.
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Huang F, Hu L, Zhang Y, Qu X, Xu J. BMP4 Moderates Glycolysis and Regulates Activation and Interferon-Gamma Production in CD4+ T Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 12:702211. [PMID: 34413854 PMCID: PMC8368433 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.702211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BMP4 is a key growth factor well known in promoting bone regeneration and has been reported to be able to regulate T cell development in the thymus. Here, we showed that BMP4 downregulates the activation of naïve CD4+ T cells and the IFN-γ production of CD4+ T cells without increasing regulatory T cells. BMP4 could also moderate glycolysis of T cells and regulate Hif1α expression. Furthermore, BMP4 showed a suppressive function on the IFN-γ production of CD4+ T cells in vivo. These findings indicating a mechanism by which BMP-4 may regulate activation and IFN-γ production in CD4+ T cells via metabolism moderation and suggests that BMP4 may be a potential therapeutic supplement in autoinflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Huang
- Department of Stomatology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Hu
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanmin Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xingmin Qu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Junji Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Gu X, Li X, Jin Y, Zhang Z, Li M, Liu D, Wei F. CDR1as regulated by hnRNPM maintains stemness of periodontal ligament stem cells via miR-7/KLF4. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:4501-4515. [PMID: 33837664 PMCID: PMC8093972 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
CDR1as is a well‐identified circular RNA with regulatory roles in a variety of physiological processes. However, the effects of CDR1as on stemness of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we detect CDR1as in human PDLSCs, and subsequently demonstrate that CDR1as maintains PDLSC stemness. Knockdown of CDR1as decreases the expression levels of stemness‐related genes and impairs the cell's multi‐differentiation and cell migration abilities, while overexpression of CDR1as increases the expression levels of stemness‐related genes and enhances these abilities. Furthermore, our results indicate that the RNA‐binding protein hnRNPM directly interacts with CDR1as and regulates its expression in PDLSCs. In addition, we show that CDR1as promotes the expression of stemness‐related genes in PDLSCs by inhibiting miR‐7‐mediated suppression of KLF4 expression. Collectively, our results demonstrate that CDR1as participates in the molecular circuitry that regulates PDLSC stemness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuge Gu
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Ye Jin
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Zijie Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Mengying Li
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Dongxu Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Fulan Wei
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
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Pluripotency of Dental Pulp Cells and Periodontal Ligament Cells Was Enhanced through Cell-Cell Communication via STAT3/Oct-4/Sox2 Signaling. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:8898506. [PMID: 33542738 PMCID: PMC7840254 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8898506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alternation in culture environment due to cell-cell communications can rejuvenate the biological activity of aged/differentiated cells and stimulate the expression of pluripotency markers. Dental pulp cells (DPCs) and periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs) are promising candidates in dental tissue regeneration. However, the molecular network that underlies cell-cell communications between dental-derived cells and the microenvironment remains to be identified. To elucidate the signaling network that regulates the pluripotency of DPCs and PDLCs, proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, and the expression of Oct-4/Sox2/c-Myc in DPCs and PDLCs with indirect/direct coculture were examined. PCR arrays were constructed to identify genes that were differentially expressed, and the results were confirmed by a rat model with injury. Further research on the mechanism of the related signaling pathways was investigated by overexpression/silence of STAT3, ChIP, the dual-luciferase reporter assay, and EMSA. We found that the proliferation and apoptosis of DPCs and PDLCs were inhibited, and their cell cycles were arrested at the G0/G1 phase after coculture. Oct-4, Sox2, and STAT3 expression significantly increased and PAX5 expression decreased in the coculture systems. Oct-4/Sox2/STAT3/PAX5 was actively expressed in the rat defect model. Moreover, STAT3 was directly bound to the Oct-4 and Sox2 gene promoter regions and activated the expression of those genes. Our data showed that the pluripotency of DPCs and PDLCs was enhanced through cell-cell communication. STAT3 plays essential roles in regulating the pluripotency of DPCs and PDLCs by targeting Oct-4 and Sox2 both in vitro and in vivo.
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Ko HM, Moon JS, Shim HK, Lee SY, Kang JH, Kim MS, Chung HJ, Kim SH. Inhibitory effect of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 14 on the osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament cells through transforming growth factor-beta1. Arch Oral Biol 2020; 115:104733. [PMID: 32408131 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the expression of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 14 (CXCL14) in pulpal and periodontal cells in vivo and in vitro, and investigate function of CXCL14 and its underlying mechanism in the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament (hPDL) cells. METHODS To determine the expression level of CXCL14 in adult rat oral tissues and in hPDL cells after application of biophysical forces, RT-PCR, western blot, and histological analyses were performed. The role of CXCL14 in proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of PDL cells was evaluated by measuring dehydrogenase activity and Alizarin red S staining. RESULTS Strong immunoreactivity against CXCL14 was observed in the PDL tissues and pulpal cells of rat molar, and attenuated apparently by orthodontic biophysical forces. As seen in rat molar, highly expressed CXCL14 was observed in human dental pulp and hPDL cells, and attenuated obviously by biophysical tensile force. CXCL14 expression in hPDL cells was increased in incubation time-dependent manner. Proliferation of hPDL cells was inhibited dramatically by small interfering (si) RNA against CXCL14. Furthermore, dexamethasone-induced osteogenic mineralization was inhibited by recombinant human (rh) CXCL14, and augmented by CXCL14 siRNA. rhCXCL14 increased transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF- β1) in hPDL cells. Inhibition of the cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of hPDL cells by CXCL14 siRNA and rhCXCL14 were restored by rhTGF-β1 and SB431542, respectively. CONCLUSION These results suggest that CXCL14 may play roles as a growth factor and a negative regulator of osteogenic differentiation by increasing TGF-β1 expression in hPDL cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Mi Ko
- Dental Science Research Institute, Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Jung-Sun Moon
- Dental Science Research Institute, Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Hae-Kyoung Shim
- Dental Science Research Institute, Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Su-Young Lee
- Dental Science Research Institute, Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Jee-Hae Kang
- Dental Science Research Institute, Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Min-Seok Kim
- Dental Science Research Institute, Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Ju Chung
- Dental Science Research Institute, Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Sun-Hun Kim
- Dental Science Research Institute, Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea.
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Chen Z, Zheng J, Hong H, Chen D, Deng L, Zhang X, Ling J, Wu L. lncRNA HOTAIRM1 promotes osteogenesis of hDFSCs by epigenetically regulating HOXA2 via DNMT1 in vitro. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:8507-8519. [PMID: 32324272 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyuan Chen
- Department of Orthodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Jinxuan Zheng
- Department of Orthodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Hong Hong
- Department of Orthodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Dongru Chen
- Department of Orthodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Lidi Deng
- Department of Orthodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Xueqin Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Junqi Ling
- Department of Orthodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Liping Wu
- Department of Orthodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou Guangdong China
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Li X, Liao D, Sun G, Chu H. Odontogenesis and neuronal differentiation characteristics of periodontal ligament stem cells from beagle dog. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:5146-5151. [PMID: 32202359 PMCID: PMC7205787 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) from beagle dogs had the characteristics of multi‐directional differentiation and had great application potential in tissue engineering and cell regenerative medicine. In this study, we analysed the odontogenesis and neuronal differentiation characteristics of PDLSCs in vitro. Results showed that the calcined tooth powder (CTP) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) additives could induce the PDLSCs into odontogenesis differentiation; besides, the immunofluorescence staining identified that the high dosage calcined tooth powder (400 μg/mL) significantly facilitated the odontogenesis associated with BMP4 expression. While the nutritional factor (L‐glutamine, NGF (nerve growth factor), bFGF (basic fibroblast growth factor), IGF‐1 (insulin‐like growth factor‐1) and EGF (epidermal growth factor)) additives were prior to induce the PDLSCs into neuronal differentiation. Simultaneously, PDLSCs had high proliferation ability with the different supplemented additives. Importantly, the Western blot results also proved the BMP4 and SMAD1 proteins were highly expressed in the induced odontoblast, while the SOX1, NCAM1, GFAP and VEGFA proteins were all obviously expressed in the induced neurons. Hence, PDLSCs had characteristics of both odontogenesis and neuronal differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Li
- Department of Dentistry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dapeng Liao
- Department of Dentistry, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gang Sun
- Department of Dentistry, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - HanWen Chu
- Department of Dentistry, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Zou Y, Xu L, Lin H. Stress overload‐induced periodontal remodelling coupled with changes in high mobility group protein B1 during tooth movement: an in‐vivo study. Eur J Oral Sci 2019; 127:396-407. [DOI: 10.1111/eos.12644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuchun Zou
- Orthodontics Department School and Hospital of Stomatology Fujian Medical University Fuzhou Fujian ProvinceChina
| | - Linyu Xu
- Orthodontics Department School and Hospital of Stomatology Fujian Medical University Fuzhou Fujian ProvinceChina
| | - Hanyu Lin
- Orthodontics Department School and Hospital of Stomatology Fujian Medical University Fuzhou Fujian ProvinceChina
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial Fujian Medical University Fuzhou Fujian Province China
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12
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LncRNA-TWIST1 Promoted Osteogenic Differentiation Both in PPDLSCs and in HPDLSCs by Inhibiting TWIST1 Expression. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:8735952. [PMID: 31341908 PMCID: PMC6612385 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8735952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
HPDLSCs derived from periodontal ligament tissues contribute to tooth development and tissue regeneration. Exploring the effects of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the process of osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells would provide novel therapeutic strategies for tissue regeneration. The expression levels of lncRNA, which significantly changed during osteogenic differentiation, were observed by real-time quantitative PCR (q-PCR). Then, we screened for osteogenic-related lncRNA, which was initially named lncRNA-TWIST1. Moreover, we detected the mRNA expression levels of TWIST1 and osteogenesis-related genes after upregulating and downregulating lncRNA-TWIST1 in PPDLSCs (periodontal mesenchymal stem cells from periodontitis patients) and HPDLSCs (periodontal mesenchymal stem cells from healthy microenvironment), respectively. The osteogenic degree was verified by detecting ALP activity and alizarin red staining. LncRNA-TWIST1 decreased the mRNA levels of TWIST1 and promoted osteogenic differentiation in PPDLSCs, which was confirmed by the increase in osteogenesis-related gene levels (Runx2, ALP, and OCN), the increase in ALP activity, and the formation of more osteogenic nodules. In contrast, downregulating lncRNA-TWIST1 decreased the expression of osteogenesis-related genes, ALP activity, and osteogenic nodules both in PPDLSCs and in HPDLSCs. LncRNA-TWIST1 promoted osteogenic differentiation both in PPDLSCs and in HPDLSCs by inhibiting the TWIST1 expression. LncRNA-TWIST1 may be a novel therapeutic strategy to regenerate dental tissues.
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Chen Y, Zhao Q, Yang X, Yu X, Yu D, Zhao W. Effects of cobalt chloride on the stem cell marker expression and osteogenic differentiation of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth. Cell Stress Chaperones 2019; 24:527-538. [PMID: 30806897 PMCID: PMC6527733 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-019-00981-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) are a promising source for tissue engineering and stem cell transplantation. However, long-term in vitro culture and expansion lead to the loss of stemness of SHEDs, compromising their therapeutic benefits. Hypoxia plays an essential role in controlling the stem cell behavior of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effects of cobalt chloride (CoCl2), a hypoxia-mimetic agent, on the stem cell marker expression and osteogenic differentiation of SHEDs. SHEDs were cultured with or without 50 or 100 μM CoCl2. Their proliferation, apoptosis, stem cell marker expression, migration ability, and osteogenic differentiation were examined. Culture with 50 and 100 μM CoCl2 increased the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) protein levels in a dose-dependent manner in SHEDs without inducing significant cytotoxicity. This effect was accompanied by an increase in the proportion of STRO-1+ cells. CoCl2 significantly increased the expression of stem cell markers (OCT4, NANOG, SOX2, and c-Myc) in a dose-dependent manner. The migration ability was also promoted by CoCl2 treatment. Furthermore, SHEDs cultured in osteogenic medium with CoCl2 showed a dose-dependent reduction in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and calcium deposition. The expression of osteogenic-related genes was also suppressed by CoCl2, especially in the 100-μM CoCl2 group. In conclusion, CoCl2 increased the expression of stem cell markers and inhibited the osteogenic differentiation of SHEDs. These findings may provide evidence supporting the use of in vitro hypoxic environments mimicked by CoCl2 in assisting the clinical application of SHEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijing Chen
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 56 Lingyuan West Road, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Xianning Central Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital Of Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437000, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 56 Lingyuan West Road, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Xinlin Yu
- International Department, The Affiliated High School of SCNU, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Dongsheng Yu
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 56 Lingyuan West Road, Guangzhou, 510055, China.
| | - Wei Zhao
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 56 Lingyuan West Road, Guangzhou, 510055, China.
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Qiu J, Zhang HY, Liu L, Tan YH. [Effect of bone morphogenetic protein-4 overexpression on the biological activity of mouse induced pluripotent stem cells]. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2018; 36:190-193. [PMID: 29779282 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2018.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to construct the expression of bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP4) lentiviral vector gene and explore its influence on the biological activity of mouse induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. METHODS iPS cell lines stably overexpressing BMP4 were constructed by lentivirus transfection (BMP4-overexpressing group). Cells without transfection served as the blank group, and cells with only vector transfection served as the empty-vector group. Cell proliferation was detected by CCK8, and the expression levels of ameloblastin (AMBN), cytokeratin (CK) 14, dentin sialophospho-protein (DSPP), bone sialoprotein (BSP), and Runx2 mRNA were detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was used to detect the degree of cell differentiation. RESULTS Compared with blank and empty-vector groups, proliferation activity and ALP activity of BMP4-overexpressing group obvious increased (P<0.05), BMP4, AMBN, CK14, DSPP, BSP, Runx2 mRNA expression also increased (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS BMP4 can significantly promote the odontogenic differentiation of iPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Qiu
- Dept. of Stomatology, Xinqiao Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Hui-Yu Zhang
- Dept. of Stomatology, Xinqiao Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Li Liu
- Dept. of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Ying-Hui Tan
- Dept. of Stomatology, Xinqiao Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
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15
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Mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF)/BMP4-conditioned medium enhanced multipotency of human dental pulp cells. J Mol Histol 2017; 49:17-26. [DOI: 10.1007/s10735-017-9743-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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16
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Zhang Q, Chen L, Cui S, Li Y, Zhao Q, Cao W, Lai S, Yin S, Zuo Z, Ren J. Expression and regulation of long noncoding RNAs during the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells in the inflammatory microenvironment. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13991. [PMID: 29070806 PMCID: PMC5656573 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14451-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Although long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been emerging as critical regulators in various tissues and biological processes, little is known about their expression and regulation during the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) in inflammatory microenvironment. In this study, we have identified 63 lncRNAs that are not annotated in previous database. These novel lncRNAs were not randomly located in the genome but preferentially located near protein-coding genes related to particular functions and diseases, such as stem cell maintenance and differentiation, development disorders and inflammatory diseases. Moreover, we have identified 650 differentially expressed lncRNAs among different subsets of PDLSCs. Pathway enrichment analysis for neighboring protein-coding genes of these differentially expressed lncRNAs revealed stem cell differentiation related functions. Many of these differentially expressed lncRNAs function as competing endogenous RNAs that regulate protein-coding transcripts through competing shared miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingbin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510140, China
| | - Li Chen
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China.,State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Shiman Cui
- Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510140, China
| | - Yan Li
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China.,State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Wei Cao
- Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510140, China
| | - Shixiang Lai
- Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510140, China
| | - Sanjun Yin
- Health Time Gene Institute, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Zhixiang Zuo
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
| | - Jian Ren
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
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Ou Q, Wang X, Wang Y, Wang Y, Lin X. Oestrogen retains human periodontal ligament stem cells stemness in long-term culture. Cell Prolif 2017; 51:e12396. [PMID: 29027282 PMCID: PMC6528900 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives During long‐term culture, loss of stemness is observed which greatly restricts the application of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) in tissue regeneration. Oestrogen (E2) was found to significantly enhance the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation capacity in mesenchymal stem cells. Therefore, in this study, we investigated effects of E2 on hPDLSCs stemness in long‐term culture. Materials and methods Effects of E2 on hPDLSCs stemness were systematically evaluated. To characterize underlying the mechanisms, its effects on PI3K/AKT signalling pathway were determined. Results Our results showed that E2 was able to enhance the proliferation, modify cell cycle, up‐regulate stemness‐related genes expression, promote osteogenic differentiation and elevate the positive rate of CD146 and STRO‐1 over 10 passages in hPDLSCs. Importantly, PI3K/AKT signing pathway might play a role in these effects. Conclusions These findings suggest that E2 retains hPDLSCs stemness in long‐term culture, which might enhance its application in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianmin Ou
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China.,Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Yanlan Wang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuefeng Lin
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
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Chen L, Liu L, Wu C, Yang R, Chang J, Wei X. The extracts of bredigite bioceramics enhanced the pluripotency of human dental pulp cells. J Biomed Mater Res A 2017; 105:3465-3474. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Chen
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology; Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, 56 Lingyuan Xi Road; Guangzhou 510055 China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology; Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, 56 Lingyuan Xi Road; Guangzhou 510055 China
| | - Chengtie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure; Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai 200050 China
| | - Ruiqi Yang
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology; Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, 56 Lingyuan Xi Road; Guangzhou 510055 China
| | - Jiang Chang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure; Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai 200050 China
| | - Xi Wei
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology; Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, 56 Lingyuan Xi Road; Guangzhou 510055 China
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OCT4B1 Regulates the Cellular Stress Response of Human Dental Pulp Cells with Inflammation. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:2756891. [PMID: 28473980 PMCID: PMC5394356 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2756891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2017] [Revised: 03/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Introduction. Infection and apoptosis are combined triggers for inflammation in dental tissues. Octamer-binding transcription factor 4-B1 (OCT4B1), a novel spliced variant of OCT4 family, could respond to the cellular stress and possess antiapoptotic property. However, its specific role in dental pulpitis remains unknown. Methods. To investigate the effect of OCT4B1 on inflammation of dental pulp cells (DPCs), its expression in inflamed dental pulp tissues and DPCs was examined by in situ hybridization, real-time PCR, and FISH assay. OCT4B1 overexpressed DPCs model was established, confirmed by western blot and immunofluorescence staining, and then stimulated with Lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Apoptotic rate was determined by Hoechst/PI staining and FACS. Cell survival rate was calculated by CCK8 assay. Results. In situ hybridization, real-time PCR, and FISH assay revealed that OCT4B1 was extensively expressed in inflamed dental pulp tissues and DPCs with LPS stimulation. Western blot and immunofluorescence staining showed the expression of OCT4B1 and OCT4B increased after OCT4B1 transfection. Hoechst/PI staining and FACS demonstrated that less red/blue fluorescence was detected and apoptotic percentage decreased (3.45%) after transfection. CCK8 demonstrated that the survival rate of pCDH-OCT4B1-flag cells increased. Conclusions. OCT4B1 plays an essential role in inflammation and apoptosis of DPCs. OCT4B might operate synergistically with OCT4B1 to reduce apoptosis.
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Wang Y, He H, Cao Z, Fang Y, Du M, Liu Z. Regulatory effects of bone morphogenetic protein-4 on tumour necrosis factor-α-suppressed Runx2 and osteoprotegerin expression in cementoblasts. Cell Prolif 2017; 50. [PMID: 28244247 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Root resorption is a common phenomenon presented in periodontitis and orthodontic treatment, both of which are accompanied by an elevated TNF-α expression level in the periodontal tissues. Previously, we proved that TNF-α showed an inhibitory effect on cementoblast differentiation, mineralization and proliferation. However, the effect of TNF-α on Runx2 and osteoprotegerin (OPG) expression remains undetermined. This study aimed to identify the influence of TNF-α on Runx2 and OPG expression in cementoblasts and to test whether BMP-2,-4,-6,-7 would affect TNF-α-regulated Runx2 and OPG. MATERIALS AND METHODS An immortalized murine cementoblast cell line OCCM-30 was used in this study. The expression of Runx2 and OPG were examined by qRT-PCR after stimulating cells with TNF-α. The role of signalling pathways, including MAPK, PI3K-Akt and NF-κB, were studied with the use of specific inhibitors. Cells were treated with TNF-α in combination with BMP-2,-4,-6 or -7, then the expression of Runx2 and OPG, the activity of MAPK and NF-κB pathways, and the proliferation ability were evaluated by qRT-PCR, Western blot and MTS assay respectively. RESULTS TNF-α inhibited Runx2 and OPG mRNAs in OCCM-30 cells, and the inhibitory effects were further aggravated by blocking p38 MAPK or NF-κB pathway. TNF-α-inhibited Runx2 and OPG were up-regulated by BMP-4. The p38 MAPK and Erk1/2 pathways were further activated by the combined treatment of BMP-4 and TNF-α compared with TNF-α alone. Finally, the TNF-α-suppressed proliferation was not obviously affected by BMP-2,-4,-6 or -7. CONCLUSIONS TNF-α inhibited Runx2 and OPG in cementoblasts, and the p38 MAPK and NF-κB pathways acted in a negative-feedback way to attenuate the inhibitory effects. TNF-α-inhibited Runx2 and OPG could be effectively up-regulated by BMP-4; however, further investigations are needed to fully elaborate the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, PR, China
| | - Hong He
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, PR, China
| | - Zhengguo Cao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, PR, China
| | - Yi Fang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, PR, China
| | - Mingyuan Du
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, PR, China
| | - Zhijian Liu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, PR, China
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Tsuchiya S, Chiba M, Kishimoto KN, Nakamura H, Tsuchiya M, Hayashi H. Transfer of the bone morphogenetic protein 4 gene into rat periodontal ligament by in vivo electroporation. Arch Oral Biol 2016; 74:123-132. [PMID: 27940045 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2016.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Regulation of alveolar bone metabolism is required in clinical dentistry. The aim of the present study was to establish a method for gene transfer into the periodontal ligament (PDL) by in vivo electroporation with a plasmid vector and to investigate the effects of BMP-4 transfer into the PDL. DESIGN Plasmids containing mouse BMP-4 cDNA (pCAGGS-BMP4) were transfected into cultured rat PDL cells by in vitro electroporation, and BMP-4 production and secretion were detected by immunocytochemistry and western blotting. Next, pCAGGS-BMP4 was injected into the PDL of rats, and electroporation was performed in vivo, using original paired-needle electrodes. BMP-4 expression was examined by immunohistochemical staining 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28days after electroporation. Control groups were injected with pCAGGS by electroporation, injected with pCAGGS-BMP4 without electroporation, or subjected to neither injection nor electroporation. RESULTS In vitro-transfected rat PDL cells exhibited production and secretion of the mature-form BMP-4. After in vivo electroporation of pCAGGS-BMP4, site-specific BMP-4 expression peaked on day 3, gradually decreased until day 14, and was absent by day 21. We observed no unfavorable effects such as inflammation, degeneration, or necrosis. CONCLUSIONS Gene transfer by electroporation with plasmid DNA vectors has several advantages over other methods, including the non-viral vector, non-immunogenic effects, site-specific expression, simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and limited histological side effects. Our results indicate that the method is useful for gene therapy targeting the periodontal tissue, which regulates alveolar bone remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinobu Tsuchiya
- Division of Oral Dysfunction Science, Department of Oral Health and Development Sciences, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Mirei Chiba
- Division of Oral Physiology, Department of Oral Function and Morphology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Koshi N Kishimoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Harukazu Nakamura
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Life Sciences and Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Masahiro Tsuchiya
- Faculty of Health Science, Department of Nursing, Tohoku Fukushi University, Miyagi, 981-8522, Japan; Division of Oral Diagnosis, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Haruhide Hayashi
- Division of Oral Physiology, Department of Oral Function and Morphology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
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22
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Ruschke K, Meier C, Ullah M, Krebs AC, Silberreis K, Kohl B, Knaus P, Jagielski M, Arens S, Schulze-Tanzil G. Bone morphogenetic protein 2/SMAD signalling in human ligamentocytes of degenerated and aged anterior cruciate ligaments. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2016; 24:1816-1825. [PMID: 27208419 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2016.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) degeneration leads to knee instability and favors osteoarthritis (OA) progression. During ageing the growth factor sensitivity of ligaments changes but nothing is known about BMP2-signalling and -sensitivity in degenerated ACLs. This study addressed the question whether a dysregulated BMP2 signalling might contribute to age- and OA-dependent ACL degeneration. METHOD ACL samples from patients with/without OA of different ages (<60 and ≥60 years, males, females) were graded histopathologically (n = 45). After stimulation of cultured ACL fibroblasts with 5 nM BMP2 for different time points, phosphorylation of SMAD1/5/8 and gene expression of crucial BMP2 signalling proteins, ligamentogenic and chondrogenic transcription factors, scleraxis (SCX) and SOX9, were analyzed. RESULTS ACL samples displayed different grades of degeneration, often associated with synovitis and calcium deposits. Degeneration correlated significantly with synovitis. ACL fibroblasts expressed BMP type I receptors ALK3 and ALK6 and the BMP type II receptor BMPRII. Donors could be divided into "responders" and "non responders" since their BMP2 mediated SMAD1/5/8 phosphorylation level differed. Basal ID1 expression was lower in cells derived from OA compared with non-OA patients and BMP2 led to an ID1 induction in both. Irrespective of BMP2 stimulation, the donor age significantly influenced the expression profile of BMP6 and SCX but not BMP signalling. The BMP2-mediated SMAD6 expression differed between OA and healthy ACL fibroblasts. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that the expression level of BMP2/SMAD target genes such as ID1 and SMAD6 was reduced in ACL fibroblasts derived from OA compared with non OA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ruschke
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Berlin, Germany
| | - C Meier
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Orthopaedic, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - M Ullah
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Orthopaedic, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - A-C Krebs
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Berlin, Germany; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Orthopaedic, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - K Silberreis
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Orthopaedic, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - B Kohl
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Orthopaedic, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - P Knaus
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Berlin, Germany; Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - M Jagielski
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Orthopaedic, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - S Arens
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Orthopaedic, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - G Schulze-Tanzil
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Orthopaedic, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany; Institute of Anatomy, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg and Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany.
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Liu L, Peng Z, Huang H, Xu Z, Wei X. Luteolin and apigenin activate the Oct-4/Sox2 signal via NFATc1 in human periodontal ligament cells. Cell Biol Int 2016; 40:1094-106. [PMID: 27449921 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Identifying small molecules to activate the Oct-4/Sox2-derived pluripotency network represents a hopeful and safe method to pluripotency without genetic manipulation. Luteolin and apigenin, two major bioactive flavonoids, enhance reprogramming efficiency and increase expression of Oct-4/Sox2/c-Myc, albeit the detailed mechanism regulating pluripotency in dental-derived cells remains unknown. In the present study, to elucidate the effect of luteolin/apigenin on pluripotency of periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs) through interaction with downstream signals, we examined cell cycle, proliferation, apoptosis, expression of Oct-4/Sox2/c-Myc, and multilineage differentiation of PDLCs with luteolin/apigenin treatment. Moreover, we profiled the differentially expressed pluripotency genes by PCR arrays. Our results demonstrated that luteolin/apigenin restrained cell proliferation, increased apoptosis, and arrested PDLCs in G2/M and S phase. Luteolin and apigenin activated expression of Oct-4, Sox2, and c-Myc in a time- and dose-dependent pattern, and repressed lineage-specific differentiation. PCR arrays profiled multiple signals in PDLCs with luteolin/apigenin treatment, among which NFATc1 was the major upregulated gene. Notably, blocking of the NFATc1 signal with INCA-6 significantly decreased mRNA and protein expression of Oct-4, Sox2, and c-Myc in PDLCs with luteolin/apigenin treatment, indicating that NFATc1 may act as an upstream modulator of Oct-4/Sox2 signal. Taken together, this study showed that luteolin and apigenin effectively maintain pluripotency of PDLCs through activation of Oct-4/Sox2 signal via NFATc1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liu
- Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, 56 Lingyuan Xi Rd, Guangzhou, 510055, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhengjun Peng
- Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, 56 Lingyuan Xi Rd, Guangzhou, 510055, Guangdong, China
| | - Haoquan Huang
- Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, 56 Lingyuan Xi Rd, Guangzhou, 510055, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhezhen Xu
- Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, 56 Lingyuan Xi Rd, Guangzhou, 510055, Guangdong, China
| | - Xi Wei
- Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, 56 Lingyuan Xi Rd, Guangzhou, 510055, Guangdong, China.
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Kawasaki T, Takahashi M, Yajima H, Mori Y, Kawakami K. Six1 is required for mouse dental follicle cell and human periodontal ligament-derived cell proliferation. Dev Growth Differ 2016; 58:530-45. [DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuki Kawasaki
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Jichi Medical University; 3311-1, Yakushiji Shimotsuke Tochigi 329-0498 Japan
- Division of Biology; Center for Molecular Medicine; Jichi Medical University; 3311-1, Yakushiji Shimotsuke Tochigi 329-0498 Japan
| | - Masanori Takahashi
- Division of Biology; Center for Molecular Medicine; Jichi Medical University; 3311-1, Yakushiji Shimotsuke Tochigi 329-0498 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yajima
- Division of Biology; Center for Molecular Medicine; Jichi Medical University; 3311-1, Yakushiji Shimotsuke Tochigi 329-0498 Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Mori
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Jichi Medical University; 3311-1, Yakushiji Shimotsuke Tochigi 329-0498 Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Kawakami
- Division of Biology; Center for Molecular Medicine; Jichi Medical University; 3311-1, Yakushiji Shimotsuke Tochigi 329-0498 Japan
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Peng Z, Liu L, Wei X, Ling J. Expression of Oct-4, SOX-2, and MYC in dental papilla cells and dental follicle cells during in-vivo tooth development and in-vitro co-culture. Eur J Oral Sci 2015; 122:251-8. [PMID: 25039286 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
During tooth development, the special structure of dental follicle and dental papilla enables dental papilla cells (DPCs) and dental follicle cells (DFCs) to make contact with each other. Octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (Oct-4), sex determining region Y box-2 (SOX-2), and cellular homologue of avian myelocytomatosis virus oncogene (MYC) (OSM) are associated with reprogramming and pluripotency. However, whether the expression of OSM could be activated through cell-cell communication is not known. In this study, the distribution of OSM in rat tooth germ was investigated by immunohistochemical staining. An in-vitro co-culture system of DPCs and DFCs was established. Cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, cell cycle stages, and expression of OSM were investigated by Cell Counting Kit 8 (CCK8) analysis, flow cytometry, real-time PCR, and immunohistochemical staining. We found that Oct-4 and SOX-2 were strongly expressed in tooth germ on days 7 and 9 after birth, whereas MYC was expressed only on day 9. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were inhibited, the cell cycle was arrested in the G0/G1 phase, and the propidium iodide (PI) value was downregulated. Expression of Oct-4 and SOX-2 was significantly elevated in both cell types after 3 d of co-culture, whereas expression of MYC was not significantly elevated until day 5. These results indicate that the optimized microenvironment with cell-cell communication enhanced the expression of reprogramming markers associated with reprogramming capacity in DPCs and DFCs, both in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengjun Peng
- Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Stomatology Guangzhou, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong, China
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26
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Periodontal ligament stem cells: current status, concerns, and future prospects. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2015:972313. [PMID: 25861283 PMCID: PMC4378705 DOI: 10.1155/2015/972313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Revised: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), which reside in the perivascular space of the periodontium, possess characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells and are a promising tool for periodontal regeneration. Recently, great progress has been made in PDLSC transplantation. Investigators are attempting to maximize the proliferation and differentiation potential of PDLSCs by modifying culture conditions and applying growth factors. Nevertheless, problems remain. First, incomparability among different studies must be minimized by establishing standard guidelines for culture and identification of PDLSCs. Notably, attention should be paid to the biological safety of PDLSC transplantation. The present review updates the latest findings regarding PDLSCs and discusses standard criteria for culture and identification of PDLSCs. Finally, the review calls for careful consideration of PDLSC transplantation safety.
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Effect of luteolin and apigenin on the expression of Oct-4, Sox2, and c-Myc in dental pulp cells with in vitro culture. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:534952. [PMID: 25815323 PMCID: PMC4357035 DOI: 10.1155/2015/534952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Introduction. Dental pulp cells (DPCs) are promising cell source for dental tissue regeneration. Recently, small molecules which optimize microenvironment or activate the reprogramming network provide a new way to enhance the pluripotency. Two promising bioflavonoids luteolin and apigenin were reported to enhance reprogramming efficiency in mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF). However, their effect and underlying mechanism in cell fate determination of human DPCs remain unclear. Methods. To elucidate the effect of luteolin and apigenin on the cell fate determination of DPCs, we explored the cell proliferation, cell cycle, senescence, apoptosis, expression of pluripotency markers Oct-4, Sox2, and c-Myc, and multilineage differentiation capability of DPCs with luteolin or apigenin treatment. Results. We demonstrated that luteolin and apigenin inhibited cell proliferation, arrested DPCs in G2/M and S phase, and upregulated PI value and apoptosis. Moreover, luteolin and apigenin increased telomerase activity, maintained DPCs in a presenescent state, and activated the expression of Oct-4, Sox2, and c-Myc at a dose- and time-dependent pattern in DPCs even at late passages, albeit repressed lineage-specific differentiation. Conclusions. Addition of luteolin and apigenin in the culture medium might provide an effective way to maintain DPCs in an undifferentiated stage and inhibit lineage-specific differentiation.
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Sato K, Itoh T, Kato T, Kitamura Y, Kaul SC, Wadhwa R, Sato F, Ohneda O. Serum-free isolation and culture system to enhance the proliferation and bone regeneration of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2015; 51:515-29. [DOI: 10.1007/s11626-014-9860-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Ferretti C, Vozzi G, Falconi M, Orciani M, Gesi M, Di Primio R, Mattioli-Belmonte M. Role of IGF1 and IGF1/VEGF on Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Bone Healing: Two Sources and Two Fates. Tissue Eng Part A 2014; 20:2473-82. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2013.0453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Ferretti
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vozzi
- Faculty of Engineering, Research Centre “E. Piaggio,” University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Mirella Falconi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Monia Orciani
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Marco Gesi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technology in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Roberto Di Primio
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Monica Mattioli-Belmonte
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
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Wada N, Maeda H, Hasegawa D, Gronthos S, Bartold PM, Menicanin D, Fujii S, Yoshida S, Tomokiyo A, Monnouchi S, Akamine A. Semaphorin 3A induces mesenchymal-stem-like properties in human periodontal ligament cells. Stem Cells Dev 2014; 23:2225-36. [PMID: 24380401 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2013.0405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) have recently been proposed as a novel option in periodontal regenerative therapy. However, one of the issues is the difficulty of stably generating PDLSCs because of the variation of stem cell potential between donors. Here, we show that Semaphorin 3A (Sema3A) can induce mesenchymal-stem-like properties in human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells. Sema3A expression was specifically observed in the dental follicle during tooth development and in parts of mature PDL tissue in rodent tooth and periodontal tissue. Sema3A expression levels were found to be higher in multipotential human PDL cell clones compared with low-differentiation potential clones. Sema3A-overexpressing PDL cells exhibited an enhanced capacity to differentiate into both functional osteoblasts and adipocytes. Moreover, PDL cells treated with Sema3A only at the initiation of culture stimulated osteogenesis, while Sema3A treatment throughout the culture had no effect on osteogenic differentiation. Finally, Sema3A-overexpressing PDL cells upregulated the expression of embryonic stem cell markers (NANOG, OCT4, and E-cadherin) and mesenchymal stem cell markers (CD73, CD90, CD105, CD146, and CD166), and Sema3A promoted cell division activity of PDL cells. These results suggest that Sema3A may possess the function to convert PDL cells into mesenchymal-stem-like cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naohisa Wada
- 1 Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Sukarawan W, Nowwarote N, Kerdpon P, Pavasant P, Osathanon T. Effect of basic fibroblast growth factor on pluripotent marker expression and colony forming unit capacity of stem cells isolated from human exfoliated deciduous teeth. Odontology 2013; 102:160-6. [PMID: 23872868 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-013-0124-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Human dental pulp of exfoliated deciduous teeth contains the population of cells that exhibited mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) characters. Though, a cell amplification process is indeed required to secure an adequate cell number for such a potential employment. Several publications suggested the alteration of MSCs upon in vitro culture, for example, the decrease in proliferation and the loss of stem cell characters. Here, we investigated an influence of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on stem cells isolated from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) with respect to cell proliferation, colony forming unit efficiency and stem cell marker expression in both short- and long-term cultures. For short-term bFGF treatment, SHEDs were treated with bFGF for 48 h. While, in long-term bFGF supplementation, SHEDs were maintained in culture and continuous passage upon confluence in medium supplemented with bFGF. Cells at passage (P) 5 and 10 were employed for characterization. Our results showed that short-term bFGF treatment enhanced OCT4, REX1, and NANOG mRNA expression as well as colony forming unit ability. The FGFR inhibitor pretreatment was able to attenuate the influence of bFGF on pluripotent stem cell marker expression, confirming bFGF function. In addition, cells cultured in high passage number had decreased in cell proliferation, colony forming unit capacity, and pluripotent stem cell maker mRNA expression. However, bFGF supplementation in culture medium enhanced both pluripotent stem cell marker expression and colony forming unit capacity in later passage, though the effect was not robust. Together, these results indicate that high passage number may attenuate pluripotent properties of SHEDs and bFGF supplementation could be the beneficial approach to maintain SHEDs' stemness properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleerat Sukarawan
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand,
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Kim SG, Zheng Y, Zhou J, Chen M, Embree MC, Song K, Jiang N, Mao JJ. Dentin and dental pulp regeneration by the patient's endogenous cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 28:106-117. [PMID: 24976816 DOI: 10.1111/etp.12037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The goal of regenerative endodontics is to restore the functions of the dental pulp-dentin complex. Two approaches are being applied toward dental pulp-dentin regeneration: cell transplantation and cell homing. The majority of previous approaches are based on cell transplantation by delivering ex vivo cultivated cells toward dental pulp or dentin regeneration. Many hurdles limit the clinical translation of cell transplantation such as the difficulty of acquiring and isolating viable cells, uncertainty of what cells or what fractions of cells to use, excessive cost of cell manipulation and transportation, and the risk of immune rejection, pathogen transmission, and tumorigenesis in associated with ex vivo cell manipulation. In contrast, cell homing relies on induced chemotaxis of endogenous cells and therefore circumvents many of the difficulties that are associated with cell transplantation. An array of proteins, peptides, and chemical compounds that are yet to be identified may orchestrate endogenous cells to regenerate dental pulp-dentin complex. Both cell transplantation and cell homing are scientifically valid approaches; however, cell homing offers a number of advantages that are compatible with the development of clinical therapies for dental pulp-dentin regeneration.
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